Hollow-waveguide-based nanosecond, near-infrared pulsed laser ablation of tissue

Method for evaluating material dispersion of dielectric film in the hollow fiber

A method is proposed to evaluate the material dispersion of dielectric film in dielectric-coated silver hollow fiber. Cauchy's formulas that characterize the dispersion property were obtained for several commonly used dielectric materials by using the measured data of loss spectra of the hollow fibers. The wavelengths of the loss peaks and valleys in the loss spectra can be predicted more accurately when taking into consideration of the material dispersion. The derived Cauchy's formulas play an important role in the design of infrared hollow fiber for multiwavelength delivery.

The future of lasers in urology

The use of laser applications in urology has undergone significant advances over the past 20 years. Laser technology is now used in a wide variety of procedures, and has become the primary treatment modality or standard of care for many urologic conditions. Despite these advances, a number of challenges still face laser utilization in urologic practice. Recent work has illuminated the potential improvement and further optimization of this field. Improvements in types of lasers, the wavelength of energy used, optical fiber delivery systems, precision of laser application and cost reduction have served to further improve laser technology and extend the potential applications.