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Nemcakova I, Litvinec A, Mandys V, Potocky S, Plencner M, Doubkova M, Nanka O, Olejnickova V, Sankova B, Bartos M, Ukraintsev E, Babčenko O, Bacakova L, Kromka A, Rezek B, Sedmera D. Coating Ti6Al4V implants with nanocrystalline diamond functionalized with BMP-7 promotes extracellular matrix mineralization in vitro and faster osseointegration in vivo. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5264. [PMID: 35347219 PMCID: PMC8960880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of an oxidized nanocrystalline diamond (O-NCD) coating functionalized with bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) on human osteoblast maturation and extracellular matrix mineralization in vitro and on new bone formation in vivo. The chemical structure and the morphology of the NCD coating and the adhesion, thickness and morphology of the superimposed BMP-7 layer have also been assessed. The material analysis proved synthesis of a conformal diamond coating with a fine nanostructured morphology on the Ti6Al4V samples. The homogeneous nanostructured layer of BMP-7 on the NCD coating created by a physisorption method was confirmed by AFM. The osteogenic maturation of hFOB 1.19 cells in vitro was only slightly enhanced by the O-NCD coating alone without any increase in the mineralization of the matrix. Functionalization of the coating with BMP-7 resulted in more pronounced cell osteogenic maturation and increased extracellular matrix mineralization. Similar results were obtained in vivo from micro-CT and histological analyses of rabbit distal femurs with screws implanted for 4 or 12 weeks. While the O-NCD-coated implants alone promoted greater thickness of newly-formed bone in direct contact with the implant surface than the bare material, a further increase was induced by BMP-7. It can be therefore concluded that O-NCD coating functionalized with BMP-7 is a promising surface modification of metallic bone implants in order to improve their osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Nemcakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Litvinec
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Mandys
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine, Ruska 2411, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Potocky
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Plencner
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Doubkova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Nanka
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Olejnickova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Sankova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bartos
- Institute of Dental Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, U Nemocnice 2, 1280 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Egor Ukraintsev
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Babčenko
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Kromka
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Rezek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmera
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Zheng J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yuan F. Osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells by femtosecond laser bone ablation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:885-894. [PMID: 32206397 PMCID: PMC7041461 DOI: 10.1364/boe.383721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the osteogenic effect of femtosecond laser bone ablation on bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). Three-week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were selected for experiments. Right tibias were ablated by a 10-W femtosecond laser (treated group), whereas left tibias were not subjected to laser ablation (control group). After ablation, BMSCs of both tibias were cultured and purified separately. Cell proliferation was then analyzed, as well as the expressions of RNA and several proteins (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteocalcin (OCN)). The results suggest that femtosecond laser ablation promotes the differentiation of BMSCs and up-regulates the expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OCN, without affecting BMSC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Zheng
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory, Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory, Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory, Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Fusong Yuan
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory, Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Baskey SJ, Andreana M, Lanteigne E, Ridsdale A, Stolow A, Schweitzer ME. Pre-Clinical Translation of Second Harmonic Microscopy of Meniscal and Articular Cartilage Using a Prototype Nonlinear Microendoscope. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2018; 7:1800211. [PMID: 30701146 PMCID: PMC6342420 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2018.2889496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies using nonlinear microscopy have demonstrated that osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the gradual replacement of Type II collagen with Type I collagen. The objective of this study was to develop a prototype nonlinear laser scanning microendoscope capable of resolving the structural differences of collagen in various orthopaedically relevant cartilaginous surfaces. The current prototype developed a miniaturized femtosecond laser scanning instrument, mounted on an articulated positioning system, capable of both conventional arthroscopy and second-harmonic laser-scanning microscopy. Its optical system includes a multi-resolution optical system using a gradient index objective lens and a customized multi-purpose fiber optic sheath to maximize the collection of backscattered photons or provide joint capsule illumination. The stability and suitability of the prototype arthroscope to approach and image cartilage were evaluated through preliminary testing on fresh, minimally processed, and partially intact porcine knee joints. Image quality was sufficient to distinguish between hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage through unique Type I and Type II collagen-specific characteristics. Imaging the meniscus revealed that the system was able to visualize differences in the collagen arrangement between the superficial and lamellar layers. Such detailed in vivo imaging of the cartilage surfaces could obviate the need to perform biopsies for ex vivo histological analysis in the future, and provide an alternative to conventional external imaging to characterize and diagnose progressive and degenerative cartilage diseases such as OA. Moreover, this system is readily customizable and may provide a suitable and modular platform for developing additional tools utilizing femtosecond lasers for tissue cutting within the familiar confines of two or three portal arthroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Baskey
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1H 8M5Canada.,Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada.,Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada
| | - Marco Andreana
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of Vienna1090ViennaAustria
| | - Eric Lanteigne
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada
| | - Andrew Ridsdale
- Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- Emerging Technologies Division, Molecular Photonics GroupNational Research Council CanadaOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada.,Department of PhysicsUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada.,Department of ChemistryUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada
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Vicente Prieto M, Gomes ALC, Montero Martín J, Alvarado Lorenzo A, Seoane Mato V, Albaladejo Martínez A. The Effect of Femtosecond Laser Treatment on the Effectiveness of Resin-Zirconia Adhesive: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2016; 7:214-219. [PMID: 28491255 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2016.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: When aesthetics is compromised, dental ceramics are excellent materials for dental restorations; owing to their optical properties and biocompatibility, zirconia ceramics are particularly interesting. Self-adhesive resin cements are the most suitable for bonding to zirconia ceramics, but traditional adhesive chemistry is ineffective and surface treatments are required to improve the adhesive bonding between resin and zirconia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of femtosecond laser treatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) of self-adhesive resin cement on zirconia surfaces and to contrast it with other different surface conditioning methods. Methods: Sixty square-shaped zirconia samples were divided randomly into four groups (n = 15) according to their surface conditioning method: the NT group - no surface treatment; the APA25 group - airborne abrasion with 25 μm alumina particles; the TSC group - tribochemical silica coating, and the FS group - femtosecond laser irradiation (800 nm, 4 mJ, 40 fs/pulse, 1 kHz). Self-adhesive resin cements were bonded at the centre of samples, and after 72 hours, they were tested for SBS with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, until fracture. Five zirconia surfaces for each group were subjected to a surface morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The failure modes were noted and a third of the specimens were prepared to morphological analysis. Results: The NT group showed lower SBS values than the other groups. Femtosecond laser treatment demonstrated higher values than the control and APA25 groups and similar values to those of the TSC group. In the APA25 group, the surface conditioning method had values close to those of the TSC group, but lower than those obtained with femtosecond laser treatment. Conclusion: The treatment of zirconia with femtosecond laser irradiation created a consistent and profound surface roughness, improving the adhesive effectiveness of the zirconia-resin interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Vicente Prieto
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Luisa Caseiro Gomes
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Montero Martín
- Contracted Professor, Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alfonso Alvarado Lorenzo
- Contracted Professor, Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Vicente Seoane Mato
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Albaladejo Martínez
- Contracted Professor, Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine), University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Mortensen LJ, Alt C, Turcotte R, Masek M, Liu TM, Côté DC, Xu C, Intini G, Lin CP. Femtosecond laser bone ablation with a high repetition rate fiber laser source. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:32-42. [PMID: 25657872 PMCID: PMC4317121 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser pulses can be used to perform very precise cutting of material, including biological samples from subcellular organelles to large areas of bone, through plasma-mediated ablation. The use of a kilohertz regenerative amplifier is usually needed to obtain the pulse energy required for ablation. This work investigates a 5 megahertz compact fiber laser for near-video rate imaging and ablation in bone. After optimization of ablation efficiency and reduction in autofluorescence, the system is demonstrated for the in vivo study of bone regeneration. Image-guided creation of a bone defect and longitudinal evaluation of cellular injury response in the defect provides insight into the bone regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J. Mortensen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
| | - Clemens Alt
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
| | - Raphaël Turcotte
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
| | - Marissa Masek
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei,
Taiwan
| | - Daniel C. Côté
- Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J2G3,
Canada
| | - Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York,
USA
| | - Giuseppe Intini
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
USA
- Co-corresponding authors
| | - Charles P. Lin
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
USA
- Co-corresponding authors
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6
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Plötz C, Schelle F, Bourauel C, Frentzen M, Meister J. Ablation of porcine bone tissue with an ultrashort pulsed laser (USPL) system. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:977-83. [PMID: 24458532 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultrashort pulsed lasers (USPLs) represent a new generation of laser systems in the field of biophotonical applications. In terms of a pilot project, the study was carried out to evaluate the ablation parameters of bone tissue regarding the medical use of such a laser technology in dentistry. Specimens from ribs of freshly slaughtered pigs were assembled and irradiated with an USP Nd:YVO4 laser (pulse duration 8 ps at 1,064 nm with repetition rates between 50 and 500 kHz) using eligible average output powers in the range of 3.5-9 W and fluences between 1 and 2.5 J/cm(2). Square-shaped cavities of 1-mm edge length in the bone compacta were created employing a scanner system. Cavities were analyzed with an optical profilometer to determine the ablated volume. Ablation rate was calculated by the ablated volume and the recorded irradiation time by the scanner software. Additionally, samples were examined histologically to investigate side effects of the surrounding tissue. Formed cavities showed a precise and sharp-edged appearance in bone compacta. Optimized ablation rate of 5.2 mm(3)/min without any accompanying side effects was obtained with an average output power of 9 W, a pulse repetition rate of 500 kHz, and an applied fluence of 2.5 J/cm(2). Provided that the used laser system will be advanced and adjusted for clinical applications, the outcome of this study shows auspicious possibilities for the use of USPL systems in the preparation of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Plötz
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Lo DD, Mackanos MA, Chung MT, Hyun JS, Montoro DT, Grova M, Liu C, Wang J, Palanker D, Connolly AJ, Longaker MT, Contag CH, Wan DC. Femtosecond plasma mediated laser ablation has advantages over mechanical osteotomy of cranial bone. Lasers Surg Med 2012. [PMID: 23184427 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mechanical osteotomies are frequently made on the craniofacial skeleton, collateral thermal, and mechanical trauma to adjacent bone tissue causes cell death and may delay healing. The present study evaluated the use of plasma-mediated laser ablation using a femtosecond laser to circumvent thermal damage and improve bone regeneration. METHODS Critical-size circular calvarial defects were created with a trephine drill bit or with a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond pulsed laser. Healing was followed using micro-CT scans for 8 weeks. Calvaria were also harvested at various time points for histological analysis. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure of bone tissue treated with the Ti:Sapphire laser, and compared to that treated with the trephine bur. RESULTS Laser-created defects healed significantly faster than those created mechanically at 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-surgery. However, at 8 weeks post-surgery, there was no significant difference. In the drill osteotomy treatment group, empty osteocyte lacunae were seen to extend 699 ± 27 µm away from the edge of the defect. In marked contrast, empty osteocyte lacunae were seen to extend only 182 ± 22 µm away from the edge of the laser-created craters. Significantly less ossification and formation of irregular woven bone was noted on histological analysis for drill defects. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate accelerated bone healing after femtosecond laser ablation in a calvarial defect model compared to traditional mechanical drilling techniques. Improved rates of early regeneration make plasma-mediated ablation of the craniofacial skeleton advantageous for applications to osteotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D Lo
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5427, USA
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Luengo MCL, Portillo M, Sánchez JM, Peix M, Moreno P, García A, Montero J, Albaladejo A. Evaluation of micromorphological changes in tooth enamel after mechanical and ultrafast laser preparation of surface cavities. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:267-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Franjic K, Miller D. Vibrationally excited ultrafast thermodynamic phase transitions at the water/air interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 12:5225-39. [PMID: 20431828 DOI: 10.1039/c000359j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary ability of the hydrogen-bond network of water in the condensed phase to thermalize vibrational excitations within several picoseconds, even under supercritical conditions, offers the possibility of creating highly excited thermodynamic states at water surfaces on ultrafast time scales using vibrationally resonant short infrared laser pulses. We experimentally and numerically studied such states created by depositing ~100 ps long pulses tuned to the 3400 cm(-1) O–H stretch vibration at the water/air interface using time-resolved dark-field imaging and time-resolved optical reflectivity. The results are reasonably well described by using a hydrodynamic ablation model under the assumption of impulsive heat deposition. The large thermoelastic stress amplitudes on the order of 1 GPa created within 100 ps by depositing laser pulses with ~1 J cm(-2) fluence were inferred from the numerical simulations. Stresses of this magnitude drive the excited water layer into a very fast expansion resulting in rapid adiabatic cooling and thorough vaporization within a few nanoseconds. The spatial and temporal lengths scales of the ablation plume are nearly ideal for ejecting molecules into the gas phase with minimum perturbation for applications ranging from mass spectrometry and laser surgery to the development of extremely high pressure molecular beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kresimir Franjic
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry and the Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, 60. St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
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Cloutier M, Girard B, Peel SA, Wilson D, Sándor GK, Clokie CM, Miller D. Calvarial bone wound healing: a comparison between carbide and diamond drills, Er:YAG and Femtosecond lasers with or without BMP-7. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 110:720-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Morphological alterations in dentine after mechanical treatment and ultrashort pulse laser irradiation. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 27:53-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Milasinovic S, Liu Y, Gasper GL, Zhao Y, Johnston JL, Gordon RJ, Hanley L. Ultrashort Pulse Laser Ablation for Depth Profiling of Bacterial Biofilms. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. A, VACUUM, SURFACES, AND FILMS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOCIETY 2010; 28:647-651. [PMID: 21031139 PMCID: PMC2963088 DOI: 10.1116/1.3397736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sample ablation by pulsed lasers is one option for removing material from a sample surface for in situ depth profiling during imaging mass spectrometry, but ablation is often limited by laser-induced damage of the remaining material. A preliminary evaluation was performed of sub-100 fs, 800 nm pulsed laser ablation for depth profiling of bacterial biofilms grown on glass by the drip flow method. Electron and optical microscopy were combined with laser desorption vacuum ultraviolet postionization mass spectrometry to analyze biofilms before and after ablation. Ultrashort laser pulses can ablate 10 - 100 µm thick sections of bacterial biofilms, leaving behind a layer of lysed cells. However, mass spectra from intact and ablated biofilms doped with antibiotic are almost identical, indicating little chemical degradation by ablation. These results are consistent with prior observations from laser surgery and support the use of ultrashort pulse laser ablation for minimally disruptive depth profiling of bacterial biofilms and intact biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slobodan Milasinovic
- Department of Chemistry, m/c 111, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7061
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13
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Franjic K, Cowan ML, Kraemer D, Miller RJD. Laser selective cutting of biological tissues by impulsive heat deposition through ultrafast vibrational excitations. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:22937-59. [PMID: 20052221 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.022937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical and thermodynamic responses of biomaterials after impulsive heat deposition through vibrational excitations (IHDVE) are investigated and discussed. Specifically, we demonstrate highly efficient ablation of healthy tooth enamel using 55 ps infrared laser pulses tuned to the vibrational transition of interstitial water and hydroxyapatite around 2.95 microm. The peak intensity at 13 GW/cm(2) was well below the plasma generation threshold and the applied fluence 0.75 J/cm(2) was significantly smaller than the typical ablation thresholds observed with nanosecond and microsecond pulses from Er:YAG lasers operating at the same wavelength. The ablation was performed without adding any superficial water layer at the enamel surface. The total energy deposited per ablated volume was several times smaller than previously reported for non-resonant ultrafast plasma driven ablation with similar pulse durations. No micro-cracking of the ablated surface was observed with a scanning electron microscope. The highly efficient ablation is attributed to an enhanced photomechanical effect due to ultrafast vibrational relaxation into heat and the scattering of powerful ultrafast acoustic transients with random phases off the mesoscopic heterogeneous tissue structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kresimir Franjic
- Institute for Optical Sciences and Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Toronto, 60. St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
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14
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Jung RE, Thoma DS, Hammerle CHF. Assessment of the potential of growth factors for localized alveolar ridge augmentation: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 35:255-81. [PMID: 18724854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically assess the literature regarding the clinical, histological, and radiographic outcome of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2, BMP-7), growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) for localized alveolar ridge augmentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five separate Medline searches were performed in duplicate for human and animal studies, respectively. The primary outcome of the included studies was bone regeneration of localized alveolar ridge defects or craniofacial defects. RESULTS In six human studies, BMP-2 affected local bone augmentation with increasing volume for higher doses. A majority (43 of 45) of animal studies using BMP-2 showed a positive effect in favour of the growth factor (GF). In six of eight studies, a positive effect was associated with the use of BMP-7. Only one animal study was included for GDF-5 revealing statistically significantly higher bone volume. Regarding PDGF, statistically significantly higher bone volume was observed in five of 10 included studies. Four animal studies using PTH revealed statistically significantly more bone regeneration compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Differing levels and quantity of evidence were noted to be available for the GFs evaluated, revealing that BMP-2, BMP-7, GDF-5, PDGF, and PTH may stimulate local bone augmentation to various degrees. Human data for the potential of rhBMP-2 are supportive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald E Jung
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Dental School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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