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Baleisis J, Rudys R. Assessing the efficacy of a 100 ps Nd:YAG laser for tattoo removal in a minipig model. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300440. [PMID: 38302848 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Using a minipig model, we evaluated the efficacy of the 100 ps Nd:YAG laser in the removal of tattoo pigments, specifically blue, green, red, and yellow. We observed distinct pigment responses to 532/1064 nm wavelengths at various energy settings. Through a combination of clinical, spectroscopic, and histological methods, we found the 532 nm wavelength to be most effective in disrupting all colors, with notable results for green and yellow at 0.4 J/cm2 and red at 0.72 J/cm2. The 1064 nm wavelength reduced pigment in yellow (1.51 J/cm2), green (1.35 J/cm2), and blue (1.11 J/cm2) tattoos, but was surpassed by the 532 nm in efficiency. Our data underscores the crucial interplay between pigment traits and laser settings in tattoo removal. We advocate for tailored treatment strategies, integrating pigment hue and laser wavelength, to enhance removal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justinas Baleisis
- Department of Preclinical Research, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Romualdas Rudys
- Department of Preclinical Research, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Haykal D, Cartier H, Maire C, Mordon S. Picosecond lasers in cosmetic dermatology: where are we now? An overview of types and indications. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 39:8. [PMID: 38110831 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Q-switched lasers have undeniably revolutionized the field of laser dermatology since four decades ago. Just as the first-generation laser emits its photonic signal in a few nanoseconds, the picosecond laser delivers pulse widths of at least ten times shorter. These devices offer a powerful tool for treating a wide range of skin conditions with a minimal downtime for visible improvement. For the current study, a literature research was performed on the dermatological applications of picosecond laser. The literature searched on this topic between 1999 and 2023 accessible through various platforms produce a result of 62 articles. The included studies have discussed the application of picosecond laser technology in tattoo removal, treatment of epidermal and dermal pigmentation, and collagen remodeling. After sifting the data from the articles into tables, the results were discussed in detail. The study shows a lot of evidence towards the efficacy of picosecond laser, yet it draws attention to its downsides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diala Haykal
- Centre Laser Palaiseau, 49 Ter Rue de Paris, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
| | | | | | - Serge Mordon
- Hemerion Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Baleisis J, Rudys R. Comprehensive examination of tattoo removal using a 150 ps Nd:YAG laser in a porcine model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13062. [PMID: 37567952 PMCID: PMC10421900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 150 ps at different laser parameters. The effects on multiple-colored tattoos with such ultrashort pulses has not been previously described in the literature. In vivo experiments were conducted on porcine skin to analyze the fragmentation efficiency of five different tattoo colors using different wavelengths, pulse energies, and spot sizes. The results showed that the optimal tattoo clearance to safety ratio for blue, green, red, and yellow tattoos with a 532 nm wavelength was 0.96-2.39 J/cm2. The laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm demonstrated the highest efficacy in eliminating black tattoos, with positive results observed for green and blue pigments at a fluence of 3.02 J/cm2. The study provides valuable insights into the efficacy of laser treatment with 150 ps for removing tattoos of different colors using different laser parameters. This information can help dermatologists and practitioners perform more efficient and effective tattoo removal with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justinas Baleisis
- Department of Biomodels, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu st. 5, 08410, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Romualdas Rudys
- Department of Biomodels, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu st. 5, 08410, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Hong JK, Koh YG, Li K, Seo SJ, Seo SB, Park KY. Treatment of facial pigmented disorders with a 785-nm picosecond Ti:sapphire laser in Asians: A report of three cases. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15919. [PMID: 36214374 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of the theory of selective photothermolysis, the importance of targeting the chromophore and minimizing the surrounding damage has been extensively discussed. Picosecond-domain laser (ps-laser) treatment with a wide range of wavelengths is an emerging option for various pigmented lesions; however, no definitive treatment choice has been confirmed. The authors aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a ps-laser with a 785-nm wavelength for the treatment of facial pigmented lesions in Asians. Three Korean patients with facial pigmented lesions were recruited for the study. A 785-nm ps-laser with a fractionated and an unfractionated handpiece was utilized to administer the treatment. The clinical outcome was evaluated by a clinician by comparing pre- and post-treatment photographs. All patients exhibited a significant improvement in pigmented lesions including freckles, lentigines, and melasma, after three to four sessions of treatment. No adverse events, including post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation were observed. In conclusion, this novel 785-nm Ti:sapphire ps-laser may be an effective and safe modality for treating pigmented lesions in skin of color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ki Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Gue Koh
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kapsok Li
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk Bae Seo
- Department of Dermatology, SAS Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Leight-Dunn H, Hadi A, Patel F, Yao CJ, Tu YM, Chapas A. The effect of a dual-wavelength 532 nm and 1064 nm picosecond-domain laser with a fractionated holographic optic on photoaging and patient age perception: A pilot study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:320-326. [PMID: 34908229 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluated the efficacy of a dual-wavelength 532 nm/1064 nm Nd:YAG picosecond-domain laser with a holographic lens array in treating facial photoaging. METHODS Thirteen subjects were enrolled with 10 completing the study. Receiving three-month treatments, subjects underwent full-face spot treatment of facial lentigines with the 532-nm non-fractionated handpiece, followed by two sequential facial passes of the 1064-nm and the 532-nm fractionated handpieces. Improvement was measured by treating physician evaluation of pigmentation and rhytids as well as blinded reviewer evaluation of pre- and post-treatment image sets taken 12 weeks after the final treatment. Participants completed treatment surveys to assess satisfaction. RESULTS Physician grading on a 5-point scale revealed an average improvement of 1.6 in pigmentation (p = 0.0042) and 0.9 in rhytids (p = 0.0196). Blinded physicians appropriately selected baseline images in 44 of 50 (88%) image sets (10 subjects; five reviewers). On an 11-point scale for overall facial photoaging (0 = no change, 1 = 10% improvement, 2 = 20% improvement, etc.) treating physicians scored mean improvement as 3.3 ± 1.83 (95% CI 1.99 to 4.61; range 1-6), while blinded reviewers scored mean improvement as 2.32 ± 2.62 (range % -4 to 8, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.07). The greatest majority (80%) of participants reported satisfaction with the treatment. Adverse events were mild; however, one patient developed hyperpigmentation, consistent with melasma that was successfully treated with topical agents. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that picosecond-domain 532 nm/1064 nm laser treatments with combination non-fractionated and fractionated handpieces are well-tolerated, safe, and effective for the treatment of photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Hadi
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Christopher J Yao
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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Qu Y, Feng X, Liang J, Liu J, Gao D. The Picosecond Laser Effects on Tattoo Removal and Metabolic Pathways. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1343-1350. [PMID: 34594124 PMCID: PMC8478112 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s332265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate picosecond laser effects regarding rat tattoo removals. We systematically detected the metabolic pathways considering tattoo pigment particles in rat models. Materials and Methods We employed fluorescein to mark the tattoo dye and utilized a pattern needle to prepare tattoo on rat so as to establish the tattoo removal effects of picosecond laser methods employing animal models. We applied a picosecond laser to process the tattoo and observed the effects along with metabolic pathways for tattoo removal via pathology and imaging approaches. Results Based on the results of characterization, pathology and fluorescence, we discovered that the picosecond laser could effectively remove the pigment particles on rat skin, part of which would be metabolized out of the body through the circulatory system. After picosecond laser treatment, the fluorescence intensity of the rat skin engraved part was gradually weakened. At 8 h after the treatment, the metabolic organs had weak fluorescence, and there was no fluorescence in the metabolic organs at 12 h and 24 h after the treatment. Conclusion The picosecond laser had perfect tattoo removal effects, which could be utilized as a reference for clinical tattoo removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xien Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin'ning Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Laishan Branch, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Bäumler W, Breu C, Philipp B, Haslböck B, Berneburg M, Weiß KT. The efficacy and the adverse reactions of laser-assisted tattoo removal - a prospective split study using nanosecond and picosecond lasers. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:305-312. [PMID: 34543473 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser pulses with nanosecond duration (NSL) have been the golden standard to destroy the pigment particles in skin. It is still controversially discussed whether picosecond pulses (PSL) are superior for tattoo removal. OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy and the adverse reactions of nanosecond and picosecond laser pulses in a comparative study. METHODS The prospective study included 23 subjects with 30 black or coloured tattoos, which were split into two halves treated with either a new PSL (532, 1064 nm) or standard NSL (694 nm). The lasers were applied at regular time intervals of 4 weeks for up to eight treatments. Tattoo clearance (primary endpoint), pain and adverse reactions (secondary endpoints) were appraised by physicians, blinded observers, and by subjects. The extent and duration of adverse reactions were additionally assessed by using a questionnaire and photo-documentation after each treatment session. RESULTS The tattoo clearance appeared to be more effective for PSL compared to NSL but without statistical significance (P > 0.05). Pretreated tattoos responded better to laser treatments than previously untreated tattoos. Subjects felt significantly less pain with PSL than with NSL (P < 0.001). Transient adverse reactions were statistically less pronounced lasting shorter for PSL as for NSL, especially blistering, pruritus, and burning sensation. Hypopigmentation appeared after NSL treatments only, whereas hyperpigmentation was caused by both lasers. No scarring was detected with either laser. CONCLUSIONS Both laser systems enable acceptable clearance of most tattoos in the present study. PSL cause less collateral skin damage as compared to NSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bäumler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Breu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Philipp
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Haslböck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - K T Weiß
- Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Leu FJ, Huang CL, Wu YS, Wang CC. Comparison of picosecond versus nanosecond Nd:YAG lasers for the removal of cosmetic tattoos in an animal model. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1343-1350. [PMID: 34410571 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetic tattoos are difficult to remove, and their response to picosecond laser treatment has seldom been investigated. We compared the efficacy and adverse effects of picosecond versus Q-switched lasers for the removal of cosmetic tattoos. White, flesh-colored, and brown inks were irradiated using 532/1064 nm picosecond and Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers, and their absorption spectra before and after laser irradiation were analyzed. Nine rats were tattooed with all three inks. Each tattoo was divided into three sections and treated at 1064 nm with a picosecond laser or Q-switched laser, or left untreated, in four sessions at 1-month intervals. Skin biopsies were taken from treated and untreated sites. In vitro study showed the 1064 nm picosecond laser caused the least paradoxical color shift. In vivo study showed that all white tattoos achieved poor response scores, six flesh-colored tattoos achieved fair to good response scores, and seven brown tattoos achieved good to excellent response scores with the picosecond laser. The picosecond laser was superior to the Q-switched laser for removing flesh-colored tattoos (P < 0.05), but the effectiveness for white and brown tattoos was similar for both lasers. The degree of paradoxical darkening when removing the white and flesh-colored tattoos was significantly lower with the picosecond than that with the Q-switched laser (P < 0.01). Transmission electron microscopy showed that many tattoo ink particles had decreased in size after irradiations with both pulse durations. The 1064 nm picosecond Nd:YAG laser causes mild paradoxical darkening and might be more appropriate for removal of flesh-colored and brown cosmetic tattoos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fur-Jiang Leu
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, 362 Chung Cheng Rd, Hsin Tien District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Lin Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Cardinal Tien Hospital, 362 Chung Cheng Rd, Hsin Tien District, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Physiology & Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Sheng Wu
- Electron Microscope Laboratory of Tzong Jwo Jang, Collage of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Cardinal Tien Hospital, 362 Chung Cheng Rd, Hsin Tien District, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, 362 Chung Cheng Rd, Hsin Tien District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Dong W, Wang N, Yuan X, Zhang W. Treatment of pigmentary disorders using picosecond laser in Asian patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e14709. [PMID: 33368885 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There were many studies evaluating the effect of picosecond (PS) lasers, but no meta-analysis examined the effects of PS laser in the treatment of pigmentary disorders in Asians. The aim of this article was to review the before-after effect of PS laser in Asians for the treatment of pigmentary disorders. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched for articles published up to May 2020. The evaluations were summarized into a 4-point scale that ranged from <25% (poor), 25%-50% (fair), 50%-75% (good), and 75%-100% (excellent). Effect sizes (ESs) were calculated according to laser wavelengths and lesion types. There were two randomized controlled trials, three single-arm trials, and three case series, with 200 patients. At 3 months after treatment, of all included patients, 3% (95%CI: 1%-6%) were evaluated as poor or worse, 9% (95%CI: 2%-21%) as fair, 29% (95%CI: 12%-50%) as good, and 56% (95%CI: 28%-83%) as excellent. The 532 and 1064, and 755 nm PS lasers had similar ESs across all four response groups. This meta-analysis suggested that 56% of Asian patients who underwent PS laser for the treatment of pigmentary disorders were evaluated as "excellent" about the pigment clearance by a dermatologist at least 3 months after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Dong
- Department of Medical Cosmetic Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Medical Cosmetic Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohai Yuan
- Department of Medical Cosmetic Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Cosmetic Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Gurnani P, Williams N, Al-Hetheli G, Chukwuma O, Roth R, Fajardo F, Nouri K. Comparing the efficacy and safety of laser treatments in tattoo removal: A systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 87:103-109. [PMID: 32763326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lasers have been the criterion standard for tattoo removal, selecting the best modality can be challenging because of the varying efficacies and adverse effects. OBJECTIVE To evaluate all lasers used to remove tattoos and assess their efficacies and adverse effects. METHODS Our systematic review searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov for all laser treatments. The outcomes measured included laser parameters, treatment methods, patient and tattoo characteristics, clearance rate, and adverse effect rate. The quality of the included articles was appraised by using specific assessment tools and given a high, moderate, or low risk of bias. RESULTS Our search led to 3037 studies, with 36 being included in the systematic review (7 randomized controlled trials, 2 nonrandomized controlled trials, and 27 case series). Although quality-switched neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet lasers are safe and effective, picosecond lasers have shown superiority with blue, green, and yellow tattoo pigments. Both are safe and effective for black tattoos. LIMITATIONS Variability among studies. CONCLUSIONS Picosecond lasers show superiority when treating blue, green, and yellow tattoos. The R20 and R0 novel techniques can effectively reduce treatment time. Further randomized controlled trials are required to make a more definitive recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gurnani
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Natalie Williams
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ghadah Al-Hetheli
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, College of of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olivia Chukwuma
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Rebecca Roth
- Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Francisco Fajardo
- Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Qu Y, Wang L, Zhou P, Zhang W. Efficient Picosecond Laser for Tattoo Removal in Rat Models. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924583. [PMID: 32709839 PMCID: PMC7401794 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tattoos are popular in modern times. Due to the occurance of adverse effects such as poor aesthetic value, scar hyperplasia, and abnormal pigments, there is a high demand for uniform operation standards as well as standards for tattoo technologies. In the present study we used Sprague-Dawley rats to assess the tattoo removal efficacy of use of a picosecond laser at various energy values. Material/Methods Tattoos were made on the backs of rats, then we used a picosecond laser set at various energy parameters to remove the tattoos. After performing the removal procedure in multiple groups, we selected the most suitable energy levels with corresponding parameters for the tattoo removal. We recruited human volunteers who wanted their tattoos removed and used the energy level found to perform best during tattoo removal experiments. The tattoo removal effects were evaluated and verified. Four tattoo volunteers were treated by using the optimal energy parameters for picosecond laser technology. Results Through characterization observation and pathological staining results, it was demonstrated that the 1.9 mJ/μbeam energy laser had the best hollowing effect and the most complete pigment particle crushing effect in the rat skin, and had the best tattoo removal effect. Conclusions We leveraged the evaluation standard to choose the most suitable energy value of the picosecond laser, which had a good tattoo removal effect and could be employed as a reference for clinical removal of tattoos. This process provides criteria for tattoo removal evaluations as well as alternatives for tattoo removal in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Pingyu Zhou
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Lee SJ, Han HS, Hong JK, Park KY, Seo SJ. Successful Treatment of Pigmentary Disorders in Asians With a Novel 730‐nm Picosecond Laser. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 52:923-927. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye Sung Han
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Chung‐Ang University Seoul Korea
| | - Jun Ki Hong
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Chung‐Ang University Seoul Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Chung‐Ang University Seoul Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Chung‐Ang University Seoul Korea
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13
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Wu DC, Goldman MP, Wat H, Chan HHL. A Systematic Review of Picosecond Laser in Dermatology: Evidence and Recommendations. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 53:9-49. [PMID: 32282094 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The use of picosecond laser in dermatology was originally focused on optimizing the removal of unwanted tattoos. Subsequent advances in this technology have broadened its clinical indications to include treatment of benign pigmented lesions, photodamage, melasma, and scar revision. In this systematic review, evidence-based recommendations are developed for the use of picosecond laser in dermatology. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of the English language literature was performed up to and including November 2019. Relevant citations were individually evaluated, synthesized, and categorized based on the Level of Evidence. With the addition of the authors' combined clinical experience, clinical recommendations were developed. RESULTS After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 77 unique studies were evaluated. Treatment of benign pigmented lesions was associated with level I-IV evidence; rejuvenation was associated with level II evidence; melasma was associated with level II evidence; scar revision was associated with level II-III evidence; tattoo removal was associated with level I evidence. CONCLUSION Picosecond laser is a safe and effective treatment modality for an increasing range of dermatologic indications. Further development of this technology is warranted. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Wu
- Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, 9339 Genesee Avenue, Suite 300, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - Mitchel P Goldman
- Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, 9339 Genesee Avenue, Suite 300, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - Heidi Wat
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
| | - Henry H L Chan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
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Bernstein EF, Schomacker KT, Shang X, Alessa D, Algzlan H, Paranjape A. The First Commercial 730 nm Picosecond-Domain Laser is Safe and Effective for Treating Multicolor Tattoos. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 53:89-94. [PMID: 32212171 PMCID: PMC7891329 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Laser‐pumped lasers enable driving a secondary wavelength through pumping with a primary device. Here we investigate the first 730 nm laser‐pumped laser for efficacy in tattoo removal. Study Design/Materials and Methods Fifteen subjects with 20 tattoos were enrolled to investigate the effect of a new 730 nm, titanium‐sapphire laser‐pumped laser at removing decorative tattoos. A total of four treatments were administered and photographic improvement of pre‐ and post‐treatment cross‐polarized digital images was evaluated by four blinded physician observers using an 11‐point scale. Results Blinded assessment of pre‐ and post‐treatment images found 70%, 77%, 83%, 83%, 26%, and 8% clearance from baseline images for black, green, blue, purple, red and yellow pigments, respectively. Side effects were limited to pinpoint bleeding and erythema immediately after treatment and some crusting and scale up to 1–2 weeks following treatment, and a localized allergic reaction in a single subject. There was no scarring or pigmentary alteration visible in any follow‐up images. Conclusion The new 730 nm, picosecond‐domain, titanium‐sapphire, laser‐pumped laser is safe and effective for removing multicolored tattoos. Green, blue, and purple pigments cleared the most as expected, but black ink cleared more completely than was predicted. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric F Bernstein
- Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, 32 Parking Plaza, Suite 200, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, 19003
| | | | - Xiaoming Shang
- Candela Corporation, 251 Locke Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts, 01752
| | - Dana Alessa
- Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, 32 Parking Plaza, Suite 200, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, 19003
| | - Haitham Algzlan
- Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, 32 Parking Plaza, Suite 200, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, 19003
| | - Amit Paranjape
- Candela Corporation, 251 Locke Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts, 01752
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15
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Kato H, Doi K, Kanayama K, Araki J, Nakatsukasa S, Chi D, Mori M, Fuse Y, Sakae Y, Uozumi T. Combination of Dual Wavelength Picosecond and Nanosecond Pulse Width Neodymium-Doped Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Lasers for Tattoo Removal. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 52:515-522. [PMID: 31729066 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Tattoo removal by laser has been mostly performed using Q-switched laser, which has nanosecond pulse width. In recent years, the efficacy of treatment with picosecond pulse width laser has also been reported. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a picosecond-domain, neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser with a potassium-titanyl-phosphate frequency-doubling crystal, we performed a retrospective clinical study with combination treatment using pulse widths of 750 ps and 2 ns. The number of treatments was compared with the Kirby-Desai score. Tissue changes immediately after laser irradiation at 2 ns and 750 ps were compared using an electron microscope. RESULTS The combination treatment using pulse widths of 2 ns and 750 ps was safe and more effective than the Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser treatment. Tattoo removal was possible with significantly fewer treatment numbers than the Kirby-Desai score, without adverse events. The results from the scanning electron microscope revealed that ink particles irradiated by 750 ps were more dispersed than those by 2 ns. CONCLUSIONS The combination treatment with pulse widths of 2 ns and 750 ps and 1064 nm and 532 nm wavelengths using the neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser was safe and effective and can be a useful option for tattoo removal. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koji Kanayama
- Luce Tokyo Aesthetic Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araki
- Luce Tokyo Aesthetic Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daekwan Chi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masanori Mori
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuma Fuse
- Luce Tokyo Aesthetic Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakae
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Bäumler W, Weiß KT. Laser assisted tattoo removal – state of the art and new developments. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:349-358. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Decorative tattoos including permanent make-up are very popular world-wide. As the trend for tattoo acquisition increases, the demand for tattoo removal will similarly rise. This article highlights the state of the art and new developments in laser assisted tattoo removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Bäumler
- Department of Dermatology
- University of Regensburg
- Germany
| | - K. T. Weiß
- Department of Dermatology
- University of Regensburg
- Germany
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