Meeting report of the 19th Annual International Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society (Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre, Sydney, Australia, June 12-15, 2013)

Liver transplantation using the otherwise-discarded partial liver resection graft with hepatic benign tumor: Analysis of a preliminary experience on 15 consecutive cases

RATIONALE

The shortage of available donor organs limits the development of liver transplantation. This case-serial study presents a novel way to expand the donor pool by using the other-wise discarded partial liver resection graft with hepatic benign tumor.

PATIENT CONCERNS

From 2012 to 2016, 15 patients with hepatic lesions were admitted to our hospital. 12 patients suffered from right epigastric discomfort and 3 patients worried about uncertain diagnosis.

INTERVENTIONS

Regular hepatic lobectomy was performed for all patients and after back-table management the resected partial liver grafts were used for patients with end-stage liver disease for liver transplantation.

OUTCOMES

All patients had improved liver function within 1 week of transplantation. Patients had no serious small-for-size syndrome despite graft-to-recipient weight ratio less than 0.8%. Back-table hepatic venous reconstruction with prosthetic vascular grafts was performed without serious early complications, and late thrombosis in vessel graft did not affect liver function. Postoperative computed tomography scans demonstrated a remarkable growth in graft volume and a continuous decrease in hemangioma in recipients using the grafts with hemangioma. One patient died from pulmonary embolism on day 7 after transplant, and the rest of 14 recipients had been surviving well, especially recipient 1 for more than 4 years, although 3 recipients had tumor recurrence and had been treated with sorafenib.

DIAGNOSES

The postoperative pathological diagnosis reported cavernous hemangioma (n = 11), perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (n = 2), inflammatory pseudotumor for (n = 1), and focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 1).

LESSONS

The partial liver grafts with hepatic benign tumors are safe for liver transplantation. In addition, prosthetic vascular grafts can be used for hepatic venous outflow reconstruction, especially in right lobe liver transplantation.

Liver Transplantation Update: 2014

The first liver transplantation (LT) was performed by Thomas E Starzl five decades ago, and yet it remains the only therapeutic option offering gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and acute liver failure (ALF) and certain early-stage liver tumors. Post-liver transplantation survival has also dramatically improved over the last few decades despite increasing donor and recipient age and more frequent use of marginal organs to overcome the organ shortage. Currently, the overall 1 year survival following LT in the United States is reported as 85 to 90%, while the 10 years survival rate is ~50% (http://www.unos.org). The improvements are mainly due to progress in surgical techniques, postoperative intensive care, and the advent of new immunosuppressive agents. There are a number of factors that influence the outcomes prior to transplantation. Since 2002, the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score has been considered a predicting variable. It has been used to prioritize patients on the transplant waiting list and is currently the standard method used to assess severity in all etiologies of cirrhosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common standard MELD exception because the MELD does not necessarily reflect the medical urgency of patients with HCC. The criteria for candidates with HCC for receiving LT have evolved over the past decade. Now, patients with HCC who do not meet the traditional Milan (MC) or UCSF criteria for LT often undergo downstaging therapy I an effort to shrink the tumor size. The shortage of donor organs is a universal problem. In some countries, the development of a deceased organ donation program has been prevented due to socioeconomic, cultural, legal and other factors. Due to the shortage of cadaveric donors, several innovative techniques have been developed to expand the organ donor pool, such as split liver grafts, marginal- or extended-criteria donors, live donor liver transplantation (LDLT), and the use of organs donated after cardiac death. Herein, we briefly summarize recent advances in knowledge related to LT. We also report common causes of death after liver transplant, including the recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and its management, and coronary artery disease (CAD), including the role of the cardiac calcium score in identifying occult CAD.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE

Dogan S, Gurakar A. Liver Transplantation Update: 2014. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(2):98-106.