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Park H, He H, Yan X, Liu X, Scrutton NS, Chen GQ. PHA is not just a bioplastic! Biotechnol Adv 2024; 71:108320. [PMID: 38272380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have evolved into versatile biopolymers, transcending their origins as mere bioplastics. This extensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape of PHA applications, shedding light on the diverse industries that have harnessed their potential. PHA has proven to be an invaluable eco-conscious option for packaging materials, finding use in films foams, paper coatings and even straws. In the textile industry, PHA offers a sustainable alternative, while its application as a carbon source for denitrification in wastewater treatment showcases its versatility in environmental remediation. In addition, PHA has made notable contributions to the medical and consumer sectors, with various roles ranging from 3D printing, tissue engineering implants, and cell growth matrices to drug delivery carriers, and cosmetic products. Through metabolic engineering efforts, PHA can be fine-tuned to align with the specific requirements of each industry, enabling the customization of material properties such as ductility, elasticity, thermal conductivity, and transparency. To unleash PHA's full potential, bridging the gap between research and commercial viability is paramount. Successful PHA production scale-up hinges on establishing direct supply chains to specific application domains, including packaging, food and beverage materials, medical devices, and agriculture. This review underscores that PHA's future rests on ongoing exploration across these industries and more, paving the way for PHA to supplant conventional plastics and foster a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Park
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; EPSRC/BBSRC Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, BBSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre, SYNBIOCHEM, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Hongtao He
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu Liu
- PhaBuilder Biotech Co. Ltd., Shunyi District, Zhaoquan Ying, Beijing 101309, China
| | - Nigel S Scrutton
- EPSRC/BBSRC Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, BBSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre, SYNBIOCHEM, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China; MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Priyanka K, Umesh M, Preethi K. Banana peels as a cost effective substrate for fungal chitosan synthesis: optimisation and characterisation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36579848 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2164220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Massive accumulation of unprocessed banana peels enthralls sustainable issues as they are eventually dumped as landfills leading to emission of obnoxious gasses. To avoid these persisting challenges the present study shims lights on chitosan production from the characterised fungal strain using banana peel hydrolysate as an effective medium. Substantial amount of carbohydrate in banana peels serves as a potential solution for fungal chitosan production in a view to attain a circular bioeconomy and repurposed for synthesis of beneficial products in a cost effective manner. Presence of fermentable sugars in banana peels qualifies them as a feasible substrate which could be exploited for scaling up of fungal chitosan synthesis. Screened isolate was subjected to statistical optimisation using formulated medium to elucidate the influential factors that had significant effect on chitosan production. The harvested chitosan biomass was characterised through standardised techniques and evaluated for further studies. Statistical optimisation reveals that ammonium nitrate (5 g/L), pH (6) and incubation time (144 hrs) were the three PBD variables that had a greater influence on fungal chitosan yield. The validated developed model exhibited maximum yield of 200 mg/L, a 4.4 fold increase than unoptimised medium (45 mg/L). These findings emphasise the fermentative synthesis of chitosan through valorisation of banana peel prop up a complementary approach in concomitant with preserving renewable resources and bioproduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaresan Priyanka
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Kathirvel Preethi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Priyanka K, Umesh M, Thazeem B, Preethi K. Polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis and characterization from optimized medium utilizing distillery effluent using Bacillus endophyticus MTCC 9021: a statistical approach. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1789112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumaresan Priyanka
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Basheer Thazeem
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kathirvel Preethi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Zainab-L I, Sudesh K. High cell density culture of Cupriavidus necator H16 and improved biological recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates using mealworms. J Biotechnol 2019; 305:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chromosome engineering of the TCA cycle in Halomonas bluephagenesis for production of copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV). Metab Eng 2019; 54:69-82. [PMID: 30914380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a promising biopolyester with good mechanical properties and biodegradability. Large-scale production of PHBV is still hindered by the high production cost. CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to engineer the TCA cycle in Halomonas bluephagenesis on its chromosome for production of PHBV from glucose as a sole carbon source. Two TCA cycle related genes sdhE and icl encoding succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 and isocitrate lysase were deleted, respectively, in H. bluephagenesis TD08AB containing PHBV synthesis genes on the chromosome, to channel more flux to increase the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) ratio of PHBV. Due to a poor growth behavior of the mutant strains, H. bluephagenesis TY194 equipped with a medium strength Pporin-194 promoter was selected for further studies. The sdhE and/or icl mutant strains of H. bluephagenesis TY194 were constructed to show enhanced cell growth, PHBV synthesis and 3HV molar ratio. Gluconate was used to activate ED pathway and thus TCA cycle to increase 3HV content. H. bluephagenesis TY194 (ΔsdhEΔicl) was found to synthesize 17mol% 3HV in PHBV. Supported by the synergetic function of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin encoded by genes ppc and vgb inserted into the chromosome of H. bluephagenesis TY194 (ΔsdhE) serving to enhance TCA cycle activity, a series of strains were generated that could produce PHBV containing 3-18mol% 3HV using glucose as a sole carbon source. Shake flask studies showed that H. bluephagenesis TY194 (ΔsdhE, G7::Pporin-ppc) produced 6.3 g/L cell dry weight (CDW), 65% PHBV in CDW and 25mol% 3HV in PHBV when grown in glucose and gluconate. 25mol% 3HV was the highest reported via chromosomal expression system. PHBV copolymers with different 3HV molar ratios were extracted and characterized. Next-generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) based on recombinant H. bluephagenesis grown under unsterile and continuous conditions, allows production of P(3HB-0∼25mol% 3HV) in a convenient way with reduced production complexity and cost.
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Che XM, Wei DX, Chen GQ. Superhydrophobic Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Preparation and Applications. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:618-624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Mohapatra S, Maity S, Dash HR, Das S, Pattnaik S, Rath CC, Samantaray D. Bacillus and biopolymer: Prospects and challenges. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 12:206-213. [PMID: 29090283 PMCID: PMC5651552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbially derived polyhydroxyalkanoates biopolymers could impact the global climate scenario by replacing the conventional non-degradable, petrochemical-based polymer. The biogenesis, characterization and properties of PHAs by Bacillus species using renewable substrates have been elaborated by many for their wide applications. On the other hand Bacillus species are advantageous over other bacteria due to their abundance even in extreme ecological conditions, higher growth rates even on cheap substrates, higher PHAs production ability, and the ease of extracting the PHAs. Bacillus species possess hydrolytic enzymes that can be exploited for economical PHAs production. This review summarizes the recent trends in both non-growth and growth associated PHAs production by Bacillus species which may provide direction leading to future research towards this growing quest for biodegradable plastics, one more critical step ahead towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Sudipta Maity
- Department of Microbiology, CPGS, OUAT, Bhubaneswar-3, Odisha, India
| | - Hirak Ranjan Dash
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Surajit Das
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Swati Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, CPGS, OUAT, Bhubaneswar-3, Odisha, India
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Mok PS, Ch’ng DHE, Ong SP, Numata K, Sudesh K. Characterization of the depolymerizing activity of commercial lipases and detection of lipase-like activities in animal organ extracts using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) thin film. AMB Express 2016; 6:97. [PMID: 27730572 PMCID: PMC5059232 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] is one of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymers which can be degraded by lipases. In this study, the depolymerizing activity of different known commercial lipases was investigated via microassay using P(3HB-co-92 mol % 4HB) thin film as substrate. Non-enzymatic hydrolysis occurred under conditions in which buffers with pH 12 and 13 were added or temperature of 50 °C and above. Different concentrations of metal ions or detergents alone did not cause the film hydrolysis. The depolymerizing activity of lipases on P(3HB-co-4HB) was optimum in the pH range of 6–8 and at temperatures between 30 and 50 °C. Addition of metal ions and detergents in different concentrations was also shown to cause variable effects on the depolymerizing activity of commercial lipases. Pancreatic extracts from both mouse and chicken showed similar depolymerizing activity as the commercial lipases on the P(3HB-co-4HB) film. The presence of lipolytic enzymes in the organ extracts was confirmed with another lipase activity assay, p-nitrophenyl laurate assay. For the first time this has produced a direct evidence for the involvement of lipase-like enzymes from animal in the degradation of this PHA. Lipase is most likely the enzyme from pancreas that was involved in the degradation.
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Vijayendra SVN, Shamala TR. Film forming microbial biopolymers for commercial applications—A review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2013; 34:338-57. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.798254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Salim YS, Sharon A, Vigneswari S, Mohamad Ibrahim MN, Amirul AA. Environmental Degradation of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Oil Palm-Based Composites. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:314-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pillai CKS. Challenges for Natural Monomers and Polymers: Novel Design Strategies and Engineering to Develop Advanced Polymers. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/138577210x12634696333190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. K. S. Pillai
- a Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Regional Research Laboratory (Now NIIST), Thiruvanananthapuram-695 019, India
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Yee LN, Chuah JA, Chong ML, Phang LY, Raha AR, Sudesh K, Hassan MA. Molecular characterisation of phaCAB from Comamonas sp. EB172 for functional expression in Escherichia coli JM109. Microbiol Res 2012; 167:550-7. [PMID: 22281521 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, PHA biosynthesis operon of Comamonas sp. EB172, an acid-tolerant strain, consisting of three genes encoding acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (phaA(Co) gene, 1182 bp), acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (phaB(Co) gene, 738 bp) and PHA synthase, class I (phaC(Co) gene, 1694 bp) were identified. Sequence analysis of the phaA(Co), phaB(Co) and phaC(Co) genes revealed that they shared more than 85%, 89% and 69% identity, respectively, with orthologues from Delftia acidovorans SPH-1 and Acidovorax ebreus TPSY. The PHA biosynthesis genes (phaC(Co) and phaAB(Co)) were successfully cloned in a heterologous host, Escherichia coli JM109. E. coli JM109 transformants harbouring pGEM'-phaC(Co)AB(Re) and pGEM'-phaC(Re)AB(Co) were shown to be functionally active synthesising 33 wt.% and 17 wt.% of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)]. E. coli JM109 transformant harbouring the three genes from the acid-tolerant Comamonas sp. EB172 (phaCAB(Co)) under the control of native promoter from Cupriavidus necator, in vivo polymerised P(3HB) when fed with glucose and volatile mixed organic acids (acetic acid:propionic acid:n-butyric acid) in ration of 3:1:1, respectively. The E. coli JM109 transformant harbouring phaCAB(Co) could accumulate P(3HB) at 2g/L of propionic acid. P(3HB) contents of 40.9% and 43.6% were achieved by using 1% of glucose and mixed organic acids, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Ngit Yee
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chee JY, Lau NS, Samian MR, Tsuge T, Sudesh K. Expression of Aeromonas caviae polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase gene in Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050) enables the biosynthesis of SCL-MCL PHA from palm oil products. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 112:45-54. [PMID: 22054430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05189.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050) isolated from oil-polluted wastewater is capable of utilizing palm oil products and glycerol to synthesize poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)]. To confer the ability to produce polymer containing 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx), plasmid (pBBREE32d13) harbouring the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene of Aeromonas caviae (phaC(Ac)) was transformed into this strain. METHODS AND RESULTS The resulting transformant incorporated approximately 1 ± 0·3 mol% of 3HHx in the polymer when crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) or palm kernel acid oil was used as the sole carbon source. In addition, when the transformed strain was cultivated in the mixtures of CPKO and sodium valerate, PHA containing 69 mol% 3HB, 30 mol% 3-hydroxyvalerate and 1 mol% 3HHx monomers was produced. Batch feeding of carbon sources with 0·5% (v/v) CPKO at 0 h and 0·25% (w/v) sodium valerate at 36 h yielded 6 mol% of 3HHx monomer by controlled-feeding strategies. CONCLUSIONS Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050) has the metabolic pathways to supply both the short-chain length (SCL) and medium-chain length (MCL) PHA monomers. By transforming the strain with the Aer. caviae PHA synthase with broader substrate specificity, SCL-MCL PHA was produced. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study demonstrating the ability of transformant Burkholderia to produce P(3HB-co-3HHx) from a single carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Chee
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate from palm oil and some new applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 89:1373-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu QS, Zhu MF, Wu WH, Qin ZY. Reducing the formation of six-membered ring ester during thermal degradation of biodegradable PHBV to enhance its thermal stability. Polym Degrad Stab 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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