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Yu Z, Ren H, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Wang C, Yang T, Wu H. Improved Synthesis of a Novel Biodegradable Tunable Micellar Polymer Based on Partially Hydrogenated Poly(β-malic Acid-co-benzyl Malate). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237169. [PMID: 34885750 PMCID: PMC8658956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(benzyl malate) (PBM), together with its derivatives, have been studied as nanocarriers for biomedical applications due to their superior biocompatibility and biodegradability. The acquisition of PBM is primarily from chemical routes, which could offer polymer-controlled molecular weight and a unique controllable morphology. Nowadays, the frequently used synthesis from L-aspartic acid gives an overall yield of 4.5%. In this work, a novel synthesis route with malic acid as the initiator was successfully designed and optimized, increasing the reaction yield up to 31.2%. Furthermore, a crystalline form of PBM (PBM-2) that polymerized from high optical purity benzyl-β-malolactonate (MLABn) was discovered during the optimization process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the crystalline PBM-2 had obvious diffraction peaks, demonstrating that its internal atoms were arranged in a more orderly manner and were different from the amorphous PBM-1 prepared from the racemic MLABn. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves and thermogravimetric curves elucidated the diverse thermal behaviors between PBM-1 and PBM-2. The degradation curves and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images further demonstrated the biodegradability of PBM, which have different crystal structures. The hardness of PBM-2 implied the potential application in bone regeneration, while it resulted in the reduction of solubility when compared with PBM-1, which made it difficult to be dissolved and hydrogenated. The solution was therefore heated up to 75 °C to achieve benzyl deprotection, and a series of partially hydrogenated PBM was sequent prepared. Their optimal hydrogenation rates were screened to determine the optimal conditions for the formation of micelles suitable for drug-carrier applications. In summary, the synthesis route from malic acid facilitated the production of PBM for a shorter time and with a higher yield. The biodegradability, biosafety, mechanical properties, and adjustable hydrogenation widen the application of PBM with tunable properties as drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Haozhe Ren
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710032, China;
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Youbei Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Chaoli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Tiehong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (H.W.)
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2
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Nalluri LP, Popuri SR, Lee CH, Terbish N. Synthesis of biopolymer coated functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for the pH-sensitive delivery of anti-cancer drugs epirubicin and temozolomide. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1785449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi P. Nalluri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, R.O.C., Taiwan
| | - Srinivasa R. Popuri
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Barbados, West Indies
| | - Ching-Hwa Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, R.O.C., Taiwan
| | - Narangarav Terbish
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, R.O.C., Taiwan
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Zou X, Li S, Wang P, Li B, Feng Y, Yang ST. Sustainable production and biomedical application of polymalic acid from renewable biomass and food processing wastes. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 41:216-228. [PMID: 33153315 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1844632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymalic acid (PMA), a homopolymer of L-malic acid (MA) generated from a yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans, has unique properties and many applications in food, biomedical, and environmental fields. Acid hydrolysis of PMA, releasing the monomer MA, has become a novel process for the production of bio-based MA, which currently is produced by chemical synthesis using petroleum-derived feedstocks. Recently, current researches attempted to develop economically competitive process for PMA and MA production from renewable biomass feedstocks. Compared to lignocellulosic biomass, PMA and MA production from low-value food processing wastes or by-products, generated from corn, sugarcane, or soybean refinery industries, showed more economical and sustainable for developing a MA derivatives platform from biomass biorefinery to chemical conversion. In the review, we compared the process feasibility for PMA fermentation with lignocellulosic biomass and food process wastes. Some useful strategies for metabolic engineering are summarized. Its changeable applicability and future prospects in food and biomedical fields are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Bingqin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Gallego-Yerga L, de la Torre C, Sansone F, Casnati A, Mellet CO, García Fernández JM, Ceña V. Synthesis, self-assembly and anticancer drug encapsulation and delivery properties of cyclodextrin-based giant amphiphiles. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 252:117135. [PMID: 33183594 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin-calixarene giant amphiphiles that can self-assemble into nanospheres or nanovesicles have the ability to encapsulate the anticancer hydrophobic drugs docetaxel, temozolomide and combretastatin A-4 with encapsulation efficiencies >80% and deliver them to tumoral cells, enhancing their therapeutic efficacy by 1-3 orders of magnitude. These amphiphiles were modified by inserting a disulfide bridge confering them redox responsiveness. Disassembly of the resulting nanocompounds and cargo release was favored by high glutathione levels mimicking those present in the tumor microenvironment. Anticancer drug-loaded nanoformulations inhibited prostate, breast, glioblastoma, colon or cervix cancer cell lines proliferation with IC50 values markedly below those observed for the free drugs. Cell-cycle analysis indicated a similar mechanism of action for drug-loaded nanocompounds and free drugs. The results strongly suggest that the cyclodextrin-calixarene heterodimer prototype is an excellent scaffold for nanoformulations aimed to deliver anticancer drugs with limited bioavailability due to low solubility to tumoral cells, markedly increasing their effectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gallego-Yerga
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Cristina de la Torre
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| | | | - Valentín Ceña
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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Zou X, Li T, Zhang X, Li H, Wang B. Optimization of the status of cell growth guided by an on-line biomass sensor for polymalic acid fermentation. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Yang J, Yang W, Feng J, Chen J, Jiang M, Zou X. Enhanced polymalic acid production from the glyoxylate shunt pathway under exogenous alcohol stress. J Biotechnol 2018; 275:24-30. [PMID: 29621553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymalic acid (PMA) is a water-soluble biopolymer produced by the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. In this study, the physiological response of A. pullulans against exogenous alcohols stress was investigated. Interestingly, ethanol stress was an effective inducer of enhanced PMA yield, although cell growth was slightly inhibited. The stress-responsive gene malate synthase (mls), which is involved in the glyoxylate shunt, was identified and was found to be regulated by exogenous ethanol stress. Therefore, an engineered strain, YJ-MLS, was constructed by overexpressing the endogenous mls gene, which increased the PMA titer by 16.2% compared with the wild-type strain. Following addition of 1% (v/v) of ethanol, a high PMA titer of 40.0 ± 0.38 g/L was obtained using batch fermentation with the mutant YJ-MLS in a 5-L fermentor, with a strongest PMA productivity of 0.56 g/L h. This study was the interesting report to show strengthening of the carbon metabolic flow from the glyoxylate shunt for PMA synthesis, and also provided a new sight for re-recognizing the regulatory behavior of alcohol stress in eukaryotic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jun Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Wuhan Sunhy Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430074, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering& Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Xiang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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7
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Vanza J, Jani P, Pandya N, Tandel H. Formulation and statistical optimization of intravenous temozolomide-loaded PEGylated liposomes to treat glioblastoma multiforme by three-level factorial design. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:923-933. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1421661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Vanza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Parva Jani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Nilima Pandya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Hemal Tandel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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Di Martino A, Kucharczyk P, Capakova Z, Humpolicek P, Sedlarik V. Enhancement of temozolomide stability by loading in chitosan-carboxylated polylactide-based nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 19:71. [PMID: 28260965 PMCID: PMC5313595 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-017-3756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the presented work, amphiphilic nanoparticles based on chitosan and carboxy-enriched polylactic acid have been prepared to improve the stability of the pro-drug temozolomide in physiological media by encapsulation. The carrier, with a diameter in the range of 150-180 nm, was able to accommodate up to 800 μg of temozolomide per mg of polymer. The obtained formulation showed good stability in physiological condition and preparation media up to 1 month. Temozolomide loaded inside the carrier exhibited greater stability than the free drug, in particular in simulated physiological solution at pH 7.4 where the hydrolysis in the inactive metabolite was clearly delayed. CS-SPLA nanoparticles demonstrated a pH-dependent TMZ release kinetics with the opportunity to increase or decrease the rate. Mass spectroscopy, UV-Vis analysis, and in vitro cell tests confirmed the improvement in temozolomide stability and effectiveness when loaded into the polymeric carrier, in comparison with the free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Martino
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kucharczyk
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Capakova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Humpolicek
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Sedlarik
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
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Feng J, Yang J, Li X, Guo M, Wang B, Yang ST, Zou X. Reconstruction of a genome-scale metabolic model and in silico analysis of the polymalic acid producer Aureobasidium pullulans CCTCC M2012223. Gene 2016; 607:1-8. [PMID: 28043922 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aureobasidium pullulans is a yeast-like fungus used for producing biopolymers e.g. polymalic acid (PMA) and pullulan. A high PMA producing strain, A. pullulans CCTCC M2012223, was isolated and sequenced in our previous study. To understand its metabolic performance, a genome-scale metabolic model, iZX637, consisting of 637 genes, 1347 reactions and 1133 metabolites, was reconstructed based on genome annotation and literature mining studies. The iZX637 model was validated by simulating cell growth, utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources, and gene essentiality analysis in A. pullulans. We further validated our model, designed a simulation program for the prediction of PMA production using experimental data, and further analyzed the carbon flux distribution and change with increasing PMA synthesis rates. Through the calculated flux distribution, NADPH- and NADH-dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD) were found to be associated with the transfer of reducing equivalents from NADPH to NADH for supplementing NADH in the metabolic network. Furthermore, under the high PMA synthesis rate, a large amount of carbon flux was through pyruvate into malic acid via the reductive TCA cycle. Thus, pyruvate carboxylase, which can convert pyruvate to oxaloacetate with CO2 fixation, may also be an important target for PMA synthesis. These results illustrated that the model iZX637 was a powerful tool for optimization of A. pullulans metabolism and identification of targets for guiding metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Sutthasupa S, Sanda F. Synthesis of diblock copolymers of indomethacin/aspartic acid conjugated norbornenes and characterization of their self-assembled nanostructures as drug carriers. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Loyer P, Cammas-Marion S. Natural and synthetic poly(malic acid)-based derivates: a family of versatile biopolymers for the design of drug nanocarriers. J Drug Target 2015; 22:556-75. [PMID: 25012064 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.936871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The field of specific drug delivery is an expanding research domain. Besides the use of liposomes formed from various lipids, natural and synthetic polymers have been developed to prepare more efficient drug delivery systems either under macromolecular prodrugs or under particulate nanovectors. To ameliorate the biocompatibility of such nanocarriers, degradable natural or synthetic polymers have attracted the interest of many researchers. In this context, poly(malic acid) (PMLA) extracted from microorganisms or synthesized from malic or aspartic acid was used to prepare water-soluble drug carriers or nanoparticles. Within this review, both the preparation and the applications of PMLA derivatives are described emphasizing the in vitro and in vivo assays. The results obtained by several groups highlight the interest of such polyesters in the field of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Loyer
- Inserm UMR S-991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Université de Rennes 1, Fédération de Recherche Biosit , CHU Rennes, Rennes , France and
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Tu G, Wang Y, Ji Y, Zou X. The effect of Tween 80 on the polymalic acid and pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans CCTCC M2012223. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 31:219-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lanz-Landázuri A, Martínez de Ilarduya A, García-Alvarez M, Muñoz-Guerra S. Poly(β,L-malic acid)/Doxorubicin ionic complex: A pH-dependent delivery system. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lanz-Landázuri A, Portilla-Arias J, Martínez de Ilarduya A, García-Alvarez M, Holler E, Ljubimova J, Muñoz-Guerra S. Nanoparticles of esterified polymalic acid for controlled anticancer drug release. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1325-36. [PMID: 24902676 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Esterification of microbial poly(malic acid) is performed with either ethanol or 1-butanol to obtain polymalate conjugates capable to form nanoparticles (100-350 nm). Degradation under physiological conditions takes place with release of malic acid and the corresponding alcohol as unique degradation products. The anticancer drugs Temozolomide and Doxorubicin are encapsulated in nanoparticles with efficiency of 17 and 37%, respectively. In vitro drug release assays show that Temozolomide is almost completely discharged in a few hours whereas Doxorubicin is steadily released along several days. Drug-loaded nano-particles show remarkable effectiveness against cancer cells. Partially ethylated poly(malic acid) nano-particles are those showing the highest cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lanz-Landázuri
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Cofactor and CO2 donor regulation involved in reductive routes for polymalic acid production by Aureobasidium pullulans CCTCC M2012223. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2131-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Lanz-Landázuri A, García-Alvarez M, Portilla-Arias J, de Ilarduya AM, Holler E, Ljubimova J, Muñoz-Guerra S. Modification of Microbial Polymalic Acid With Hydrophobic Amino Acids for Drug-Releasing Nanoparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012; 213:1623-1631. [PMID: 24954994 DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Microbial poly(β, l-malic acid) was modified with either l-leucine ethyl ester (L) or l-phenylalanine methyl ester (F) to produce amphiphylic copolymers. The degradation of these copolymers in aqueous buffer took place under physiological conditions in a few weeks by hydrolysis of the side chain ester group followed by cleavage of the main chain. Spherical nanoparticles with diameters ranging between 70 and 230 nm were prepared from these copolymers by the dialysis-precipitation method. No alteration of the cell viability was observed after incubation of these nanoparticles in different cell lines. Anticancer drugs temozolomide and doxorubicin were encapsulated in the nanoparticles. Temozolomide was released within several hours whereas doxorubicin took several weeks to be completely liberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lanz-Landázuri
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat García-Alvarez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Portilla-Arias
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8631 W Third Street, Suite 800E, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Antxon Martínez de Ilarduya
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eggehard Holler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8631 W Third Street, Suite 800E, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Julia Ljubimova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8631 W Third Street, Suite 800E, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sebastián Muñoz-Guerra
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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