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Flemming P, Münch AS, Fery A, Uhlmann P. Constrained thermoresponsive polymers - new insights into fundamentals and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2123-2163. [PMID: 34476018 PMCID: PMC8381851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous stimuli-responsive polymers have been developed and investigated regarding their switching properties. In particular, thermoresponsive polymers, which form a miscibility gap with the ambient solvent with a lower or upper critical demixing point depending on the temperature, have been intensively studied in solution. For the application of such polymers in novel sensors, drug delivery systems or as multifunctional coatings, they typically have to be transferred into specific arrangements, such as micelles, polymer films or grafted nanoparticles. However, it turns out that the thermodynamic concept for the phase transition of free polymer chains fails, when thermoresponsive polymers are assembled into such sterically confined architectures. Whereas many published studies focus on synthetic aspects as well as individual applications of thermoresponsive polymers, the underlying structure-property relationships governing the thermoresponse of sterically constrained assemblies, are still poorly understood. Furthermore, the clear majority of publications deals with polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, with PNIPAAM as their main representative. In contrast, for polymer arrangements with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), there is only limited knowledge about preparation, application and precise physical understanding of the phase transition. This review article provides an overview about the current knowledge of thermoresponsive polymers with limited mobility focusing on UCST behavior and the possibilities for influencing their thermoresponsive switching characteristics. It comprises star polymers, micelles as well as polymer chains grafted to flat substrates and particulate inorganic surfaces. The elaboration of the physicochemical interplay between the architecture of the polymer assembly and the resulting thermoresponsive switching behavior will be in the foreground of this consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588, Lincoln, USA
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2
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Zhong Q, Hu N, Mi L, Wang JP, Metwalli E, Bießmann L, Herold C, Yang J, Wu GP, Xu ZK, Cubitt R, Müller-Buschbaum P. Impact of Thermal History on the Kinetic Response of Thermoresponsive Poly(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)- block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) Thin Films Investigated by In Situ Neutron Reflectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6228-6237. [PMID: 32388986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of thermal history on the kinetic response of thin thermoresponsive diblock copolymer poly(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate)-block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate), abbreviated as PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300, films is investigated by in situ neutron reflectivity. The PMEO2MA and POEGMA300 blocks are both thermoresponsive polymers with a lower critical solution temperature. Their transition temperatures (TTs) are around 25 °C (TT1, PMEO2MA) and 60 °C (TT2, POEGMA300). Thus, by applying different temperature protocols (20 to 60 or 20 to 40 to 60 °C), the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 thin films experience different thermal histories: the first protocol directly switches from a swollen to a collapsed state, whereas the second one switches first from a swollen to a semicollapsed and finally to a collapsed state. Although the applied thermal histories differ, the response and final state of the collapsed films are very close to each other. After the thermal stimulus, both films present a complicated response composed of an initial shrinkage, followed by a rearrangement. Interestingly, a subsequent reswelling of the collapsed film is only observed in the case of having applied a thermal stimulus of 20 to 40 °C. The normalized film thickness and the D2O amount of each layer in the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films are consistent at the end of the two different thermal stimuli. Hence, it can be concluded that the thermal history does not influence the final state of the PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films upon heating. Based on this property, these thin films are especially suitable for the temperature switches on the nanoscale, which may experience different thermal histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Neng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Long Teng Road, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bießmann
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Herold
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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3
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Zhong Q, Chen C, Mi L, Wang JP, Yang J, Wu GP, Xu ZK, Cubitt R, Müller-Buschbaum P. Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Films with a Linear Shrinkage Behavior and Its Potential Application in Temperature Sensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:742-753. [PMID: 31895574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The linear shrinkage behavior in thermoresponsive diblock copolymer films and its potential application in temperature sensors are investigated. The copolymer is composed of two thermoresponsive blocks with different transition temperatures (TTs): di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MEO2MA; TT1 = 25 °C) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA300; TT2 = 60 °C) with a molar ratio of 1:1. Aqueous solutions of PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 show a three-stage transition upon heating as seen with optical transmittance and small-angle X-ray scattering: dissolution (T < TT1), self-assembled micelles with core-shell structure (TT1 < T < TT2), and aggregation of collapsed micelles (T > TT2). Due to the restrictions in the polymer chain arrangement introduced by the solid Si substrate, spin-coated PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films exhibit an entirely different internal structure and transition behavior. Neutron reflectivity shows the absence of an ordered structure normal to the Si substrate in as-prepared PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films. After exposure to D2O vapor for 3 h and then increasing the temperature above its TT1 and TT2, the ordered structure is still not observed. Only a D2O enrichment layer is formed close to the hydrophilic Si substrate. Such PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films show a linear shrinkage between TT1 and TT2 in a D2O vapor atmosphere. This special behavior can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the restrained collapse of the PMEO2MA blocks by the still swollen POEGMA300 blocks and the impedance of chain arrangement by the Si substrate. Based on this unique behavior, spin-coated PMEO2MA-b-POEGMA300 films are further prepared into a temperature sensor by implementing Ag electrodes. Its resistance decreases linearly with temperature between TT1 and TT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Lei Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science , 333 Long Teng Road , 201620 Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
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van Duinen D, Butt HJ, Berger R. Two-Stage Collapse of PNIPAM Brushes: Viscoelastic Changes Revealed by an Interferometric Laser Technique. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15776-15783. [PMID: 31633361 PMCID: PMC6943814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many temperature-responsive polymers exhibit a single-phase transition at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). One exception is poly(N-isopropylacryamide) (PNIPAM). PNIPAM brush layers (51 ± 3 nm thick) that are end-grafted onto glass beads collapse in two stages. The viscoelastic changes of a PNIPAM brush layers were investigated with an interferometric laser method at different temperatures. This method is able to measure the two-stage collapse of beads coated with a polymer brush layer. When these beads are situated close to a hydrophilic glass surface, they exhibit Brownian motion. As this Brownian motion changes with temperature, the collapse of the polymer layer is revealed. The characteristic spectrum of the Brownian motion of beads is modeled by a damped harmonic oscillator, where the polymer layer acts as both spring and damping elements. The change of the Brownian motion spectrum with temperature indicates two transitions of the PNIPAM brush layer, one at 36 °C and one at 46 °C. We attribute the first transition to the LCST volume collapse of PNIPAM. Here, changes of the density and viscosity of the brush dominate. The second transition is dominated by a stiffening of the brush layer.
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5
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Wang FW, Hsu CW, Hsieh CC. Numerical Design and Experimental Realization of a PNIPAM-Based Micro Thermosensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8591-8600. [PMID: 30724551 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers are capable of responding to external stimuli and therefore have been widely used for sensing. However, such applications are often based on naïve designs and cannot achieve the desired performance. In this study, we created a micro thermosensor with temperature-sensitive poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel and temperature-insensitive poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel using stop-flow lithography. The thermosensor is a bihydrogel microparticle consisting of a NIPAM-rich section and a NIPAM-poor section. Since the sensor is similar to a bimetallic strip in structure, its deformation can be easily identified to indicate temperature. To gain better control over the sensor performance, a numerical model capable of predicting the thermal behavior of the sensor was also developed. The model simulated the mass transfer and polymerization reaction during the fabrication process to determine the distributions of PNIPAM and PEGDA in the sensor. The information was then applied to predict the sensor deformation at various temperatures. We have used the model to access the effects of sensor geometry and fabrication temperature on the performance of the sensor. The sensor made under the guidelines from the numerical model has a working range between 16 and 55 °C. Except at very large deformation, the thermal response of the microsensor measured in experiments follows closely the numerical prediction. We believe such a numerical model can also be used for developing other applications involving stimuli-responsive polymers such as shape-evolving microparticles and origami-based microstructures. With the small size, ease of use, low manufacturing cost, good biocompatibility, and broad sensing range near physiological condition, the PNIPAM-based micro thermosensor should have strong potential to be used for bio-related applications and in a confined environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
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6
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Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Chan EWC, Baek P, De la Rosa VR, Barker D, Hoogenboom R, Travas-Sejdic J. Thermoresponsive laterally-branched polythiophene phenylene derivative as water-soluble temperature sensor. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00919d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polymers with thermoresponsive properties have received a strong interest due to their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Wai Chi Chan
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Paul Baek
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Victor R. De la Rosa
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - David Barker
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
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8
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Huang W, Yang J, Xia Y, Wang X, Xue X, Yang H, Wang G, Jiang B, Li F, Komarneni S. Light and Temperature as Dual Stimuli Lead to Self-Assembly of Hyperbranched Azobenzene-Terminated Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E183. [PMID: 30979277 PMCID: PMC6432090 DOI: 10.3390/polym8050183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbranched poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (HBPNIPAMs) end-capped with different azobenzene chromophores (HBPNIPAM-Azo-OC₃H₇, HBPNIPAM-Azo-OCH₃, HBPNIPAM-Azo, and HBPNIPAM-Azo-COOH) were successfully synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N-isopropylacrylamide using different azobenzene-functional initiators. All HBPNIPAMs showed a similar highly branched structure, similar content of azobenzene chromophores, and similar absolute weight/average molecular weight. The different azobenzene structures at the end of the HBPNIPAMs exhibited reversible trans-cis-trans isomerization behavior under alternating UV and Vis irradiation, which lowered the critical solution temperature (LCST) due to different self-assembling behaviors. The spherical aggregates of HBPNIPAM-Azo-OC₃H₇ and HBPNIPAM-Azo-OCH₃ containing hydrophobic para substituents either changed to bigger nanorods or increased in number, leading to a change in LCST of -2.0 and -1.0 °C, respectively, after UV irradiation. However, the unimolecular aggregates of HBPNIPAM-Azo were unchanged, while the unstable multimolecular particles of HBPNIPAM-Azo-COOH end-capped with strongly polar carboxyl groups partly dissociated to form a greater number of unimolecular aggregates and led to an LCST increase of 1.0 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yunqing Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuezi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guifang Wang
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- School of Resource and Metallurgy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Bibiao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Sridhar Komarneni
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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9
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Green robust pH–temperature-sensitive maleated poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-gelatin for encapsulated capsaicin. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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McCaig HC, Myers E, Lewis NS, Roukes ML. Vapor sensing characteristics of nanoelectromechanical chemical sensors functionalized using surface-initiated polymerization. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:3728-3732. [PMID: 24922358 PMCID: PMC5297368 DOI: 10.1021/nl500475b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Surface-initiated polymerization has been used to grow thick, uniform poly(methyl methacrylate) films on nanocantilever sensors. Cantilevers with these coatings yielded significantly greater sensitivity relative to bare devices as well as relative to devices that had been coated with drop-cast polymer films. The devices with surface-initiated polymer films also demonstrated high selectivity toward polar analytes. Surface-initiated polymerization can therefore provide a straightforward, reproducible method for large-scale functionalization of nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather C. McCaig
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute and Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ed Myers
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute and Condensed Matter Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91106, United States
| | - Nathan S. Lewis
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute and Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael L. Roukes
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute and Condensed Matter Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91106, United States
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11
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Abstract
Interest in thermoresponsive polymers has steadily grown over many decades, and a great deal of work has been dedicated to developing temperature sensitive macromolecules that can be crafted into new smart materials. However, the overwhelming majority of previously reported temperature-responsive polymers are based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), despite the fact that a wide range of other thermoresponsive polymers have demonstrated similar promise for the preparation of adaptive materials. Herein, we aim to highlight recent results that involve thermoresponsive systems that have not yet been as fully considered. Many of these (co)polymers represent clear opportunities for advancements in emerging biomedical and materials fields due to their increased biocompatibility and tuneable response. By highlighting recent examples of newly developed thermoresponsive polymer systems, we hope to promote the development of new generations of smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashish Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA
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12
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Klein Gunnewiek M, Di Luca A, Sui X, van Blitterswijk CA, Moroni L, Vancso GJ. Controlled Surface Initiated Polymerization of N-Isopropylacrylamide from Polycaprolactone Substrates for Regulating Cell Attachment and Detachment. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Ochsmann JW, Lenz S, Lellig P, Emmerling SG, Golriz AA, Reichert P, You J, Perlich J, Roth SV, Berger R, Gutmann JS. Stress–Structure Correlation in PS–PMMA Mixed Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2025286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jannis W. Ochsmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, D-45117 Essen,
Germany
| | - Sebastian Lenz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Lellig
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, D-45117 Essen,
Germany
| | - Sebastian G.J. Emmerling
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ali A. Golriz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, D-45117 Essen,
Germany
| | - Peter Reichert
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jichun You
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Perlich
- HASYLAB at DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen S. Gutmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Experimental physics of interfaces,
Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, D-45117 Essen,
Germany
- Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West e.V., Adlerstr. 1, D-47798 Krefeld, Germany
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14
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Liu T, Pihan S, Roth M, Retsch M, Jonas U, Gutmann JS, Koynov K, Butt HJ, Berger R. Frequency Response of Polymer Films Made from a Precursor Colloidal Monolayer on a Nanomechanical Cantilever. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Sascha Pihan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Marcel Roth
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Markus Retsch
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02139, United States
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department
Chemistry−Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, AR-G 213, D-57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Jochen Stefan Gutmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Center
for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, D-45117 Essen,
Germany
- Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West e.V., Adlerstr. 1, D-47798 Krefeld, Germany
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
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15
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Wang CH, Mukherjee S, Maidul Islam AKM, Yang YW, Mukherjee M. Role of Interfacial Interaction in Orientation of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Chains on Silicon Substrate. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma200614w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.-H. Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - S. Mukherjee
- Surface Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A. K. M. Maidul Islam
- Surface Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y.-W. Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - M. Mukherjee
- Surface Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
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16
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Chen T, Chang DP, Liu T, Desikan R, Datar R, Thundat T, Berger R, Zauscher S. Glucose-responsive polymer brushes for microcantilever sensing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b925583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Lenz S, Nett SK, Memesa M, Roskamp RF, Timmann A, Roth SV, Berger R, Gutmann JS. Thermal Response of Surface Grafted Two-Dimensional Polystyrene (PS)/Polyvinylmethylether (PVME) Blend Films. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9021696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lenz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian K. Nett
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mine Memesa
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert F. Roskamp
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen S. Gutmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Jakob-Welder-Weg 10, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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