1
|
Polymer brushes for friction control: Contributions of molecular simulations. Biointerphases 2023; 18:010801. [PMID: 36653299 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
When polymer chains are grafted to solid surfaces at sufficiently high density, they form brushes that can modify the surface properties. In particular, polymer brushes are increasingly being used to reduce friction in water-lubricated systems close to the very low levels found in natural systems, such as synovial joints. New types of polymer brush are continually being developed to improve with lower friction and adhesion, as well as higher load-bearing capacities. To complement experimental studies, molecular simulations are increasingly being used to help to understand how polymer brushes reduce friction. In this paper, we review how molecular simulations of polymer brush friction have progressed from very simple coarse-grained models toward more detailed models that can capture the effects of brush topology and chemistry as well as electrostatic interactions for polyelectrolyte brushes. We pay particular attention to studies that have attempted to match experimental friction data of polymer brush bilayers to results obtained using molecular simulations. We also critically look at the remaining challenges and key limitations to overcome and propose future modifications that could potentially improve agreement with experimental studies, thus enabling molecular simulations to be used predictively to modify the brush structure for optimal friction reduction.
Collapse
|
2
|
Summers GJ, Mdletshe TS, Summers CA. RAFT polymerization of styrene mediated by naphthyl-functionalized trithiocarbonate RAFT agents. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-03011-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
3
|
Yan W, Ramakrishna SN, Romio M, Benetti EM. Bioinert and Lubricious Surfaces by Macromolecular Design. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13521-13535. [PMID: 31532689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The modification of a variety of biomaterials and medical devices often encompasses the generation of biopassive and lubricious layers on their exposed surfaces. This is valid when the synthetic supports are required to integrate within physiological media without altering their interfacial composition and when the minimization of shear stress prevents or reduces damage to the surrounding environment. In many of these cases, hydrophilic polymer brushes assembled from surface-interacting polymer adsorbates or directly grown by surface-initiated polymerizations (SIP) are chosen. Although growing efforts by polymer chemists have been focusing on varying the composition of polymer brushes in order to attain increasingly bioinert and lubricious surfaces, the precise modulation of polymer architecture has simultaneously enabled us to substantially broaden the tuning potential for the above-mentioned properties. This feature article concentrates on reviewing this latter strategy, comparatively analyzing how polymer brush parameters such as molecular weight and grafting density, the application of block copolymers, the introduction of branching and cross-links, or the variation of polymer topology beyond the simple, linear chains determine highly technologically relevant properties, such as biopassivity and lubrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Yan
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Divandari M, Morgese G, Trachsel L, Romio M, Dehghani ES, Rosenboom JG, Paradisi C, Zenobi-Wong M, Ramakrishna SN, Benetti EM. Topology Effects on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Morgese
- Cartilage
Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences
and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lucca Trachsel
- Cartilage
Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences
and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Cartilage
Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences
and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benetti EM, Divandari M, Ramakrishna SN, Morgese G, Yan W, Trachsel L. Loops and Cycles at Surfaces: The Unique Properties of Topological Polymer Brushes. Chemistry 2017; 23:12433-12442. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente, P.O. Box 217; 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Divandari
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wenqing Yan
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Lucca Trachsel
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nie Y, Gu Z, Zhou Q, Wei Y, Hao T, Liu Y, Liu R, Zhou Z. Controllability of Polymer Crystal Orientation Using Heterogeneous Nucleation of Deformed Polymer Loops Grafted on Two-Dimensional Nanofiller. J Phys Chem B 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Nie
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhouzhou Gu
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ya Wei
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Tongfan Hao
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Rongjuan Liu
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhiping Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Materials,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Forsman J, Woodward CE. Polydisperse telechelic polymers at interfaces: analytic results and density functional theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4223-4232. [PMID: 22273547 DOI: 10.1021/la204576q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We use a recently developed continuum theory to expand on an exact treatment of the interfacial properties of telechelic polymers displaying Schulz-Flory polydispersity. Our results are remarkably compact and can be derived from the properties of equilibrium, ideal polymers at interfaces. A new surface adsorption transition is identified for ideal telechelic chains, wherein the central block is an equilibrium polymer. This transition occurs in the limit of strong end adsorption. Additionally, closed expressions are derived for the ideal continuum telechelic chain in contact with two large spheres, using the Derjaguin approximation. We analyze the interactions between colloids as a function of polydispersity and molecular weight, and the results are compared with polymer density functional theory in the dilute limit. Significant variations in polymer mediated forces are observed as a function of polydispersity, molecuar weight, and chain stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Forsman
- Theoretical Chemistry, Chemical Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|