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Abstract
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Recent decades have
seen substantial interest in the development
and application of biocompatible shape memory polymers (SMPs), a class
of “smart materials” that can respond to external stimuli.
Although many studies have used SMP platforms triggered by thermal
or photothermal events to study cell mechanobiology, SMPs triggered
by cell activity have not yet been demonstrated. In a previous work,
we developed an SMP that can respond directly to enzymatic activity.
Here, our goal was to build on that work by demonstrating enzymatic
triggering of an SMP in response to the presence of enzyme-secreting
human cells. To achieve this phenomenon, poly(ε-caprolactone)
(PCL) and Pellethane were dual electrospun to form a fiber mat, where
PCL acted as a shape-fixing component that is labile to lipase, an
enzyme secreted by multiple cell types including HepG2 (human hepatic
cancer) cells, and Pellethane acted as a shape memory component that
is enzymatically stable. Cell-responsive shape memory performance
and cytocompatibility were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed
by thermal analysis (thermal gravimetric analysis and differential
scanning calorimetry), surface morphology analysis (scanning electron
microscopy), and by incubation with HepG2 cells in the presence or
absence of heparin (an anticoagulant drug present in the human liver
that increases the secretion of hepatic lipase). The results characterize
the shape-memory functionality of the material and demonstrate successful
cell-responsive shape recovery with greater than 90% cell viability.
Collectively, the results provide the first demonstration of a cytocompatible
SMP responding to a trigger that is cellular in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Chen
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Lauren E Hamilton
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Patrick T Mather
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - James H Henderson
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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Amornkitbamrung L, Srisaard S, Jubsilp C, Bielawski CW, Um SH, Rimdusit S. Near-infrared light responsive shape memory polymers from bio-based benzoxazine/epoxy copolymers produced without using photothermal filler. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sun L, Gao X, Wu D, Guo Q. Advances in Physiologically Relevant Actuation of Shape Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1825487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Decheng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongyu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Zhao Q, Wang J, Wang Y, Cui H, Du X. A stage-specific cell-manipulation platform for inducing endothelialization on demand. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 7:629-643. [PMID: 34692082 PMCID: PMC8289041 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelialization is of great significance for vascular remodeling, as well as for the success of implanted vascular grafts/stents in cardiovascular disease treatment. However, desirable endothelialization on synthetic biomaterials remains greatly challenging owing to extreme difficulty in offering dynamic guidance on endothelial cell (EC) functions resembling the native extracellular matrix-mediated effects. Here, we demonstrate a bilayer platform with near-infrared-triggered transformable topographies, which can alter the geometries and functions of human ECs by tunable topographical cues in a remote-controlled manner, yet cause no damage to the cell viability. The migration and the adhesion/spreading of human ECs are respectively promoted by the temporary anisotropic and permanent isotropic topographies of the platform in turn, which appropriately meet the requirements of stage-specific EC manipulation for endothelialization. In addition to the potential of promoting the development of a new generation of vascular grafts/stents enabling rapid endothelialization, this stage-specific cell-manipulation platform also holds promise in various biomedical fields, since the needs for stepwise control over different cell functions are common in wound healing and various tissue-regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Huanqing Cui
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xuemin Du
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
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Boudou T, Andersen T, Balland M. On the spatiotemporal regulation of cell tensional state. Exp Cell Res 2019; 378:113-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Buffington SL, Paul JE, Ali MM, Macios MM, Mather PT, Henderson JH. Enzymatically triggered shape memory polymers. Acta Biomater 2019; 84:88-97. [PMID: 30471473 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cytocompatible shape memory polymers activated by thermal or photothermal triggers have been developed and established as powerful "smart material" platforms for both basic and translational research. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) that could be triggered directly by biological activity have not, in contrast, been reported. The goal of this study was to develop an SMP that responds directly to enzymatic activity and can do so under isothermal cell culture conditions. To achieve this goal, we designed an SMP with a shape fixing component, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), that is vulnerable to enzymatic degradation and a shape memory component, Pellethane, that is enzymatically stable - as the shape fixing component undergoes enzymatically-catalyzed degradation, the SMP returns to its original, programmed shape. We quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed material properties, shape memory performance, and cytocompatibility of the enzymatically-catalyzed shape memory response. The results demonstrate enzymatic recovery, as contraction of tensile specimens, using bulk enzymatic degradation experiments and show that shape recovery is achieved by degradation of the PCL shape-fixing phase. The results further showed that both the materials and the process of enzymatic shape recovery are cytocompatible. Thus, the SMP design reported here represents both an enzyme responsive material capable of applying a programmed shape change or direct mechanical force and an SMP that could respond directly to biological activity. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cytocompatible shape memory polymers activated by thermal or photothermal triggers have become powerful "smart material" platforms for basic and translational research. Shape memory polymers that could be triggered directly by biological activity have not, in contrast, been reported. Here we report an enzymatically triggered shape memory polymer that changes its shape isothermally in response to enzymatic activity. We successfully demonstrate enzymatic recovery using bulk enzymatic degradation experiments and show that shape recovery is achieved by degradation of the shape-fixing phase. We further show that both the materials and the process of enzymatic shape recovery are cytocompatible. This new shape memory polymer design can be anticipated to enable new applications in basic and applied materials science as a stimulus responsive material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L Buffington
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Justine E Paul
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Matthew M Ali
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, 235 Dana Engineering Building, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Mark M Macios
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Patrick T Mather
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, 235 Dana Engineering Building, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - James H Henderson
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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Armstrong DP, Spontak RJ. Dielectric and Resistive Heating of Polymeric Media: Toward Remote Thermal Activation of Stimuli-Responsive Soft Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800669. [PMID: 30536997 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive soft materials are becoming increasingly important in a wide range of contemporary technologies, and methods by which to promote thermal stimulation remotely are of considerable interest for controllable device deployment, particularly in inaccessible environments such as outer space. Until now, remote thermal stimulation of responsive polymers has relied extensively on the use of nanocomposites wherein embedded nanoparticles/structures are selectively targeted for heating purposes. In this study, an alternative remote-heating mechanism demonstrates that the dielectric and resistive thermal losses introduced upon application of an alternating current generate sufficient heat to raise the temperature of a neat polyimide by over 70 °C within ≈10 s. Thermal imaging is used here to measure current-induced temperature changes of polymeric media, and a proposed analytical model yields predictions that compare reasonably well with experimental data, confirming that such remote heating is viable. Conditions permitting a shape-memory polymer possessing a melting transition and susceptible to dielectric actuation to achieve continuous electrostrain-temperature cycling are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Armstrong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Richard J Spontak
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Xie H, Shao J, Ma Y, Wang J, Huang H, Yang N, Wang H, Ruan C, Luo Y, Wang QQ, Chu PK, Yu XF. Biodegradable near-infrared-photoresponsive shape memory implants based on black phosphorus nanofillers. Biomaterials 2018; 164:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Magnetic-Responsive Microparticles that Switch Shape at 37 °C. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Peterson GI, Dobrynin AV, Becker ML. Biodegradable Shape Memory Polymers in Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28941154 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory materials have emerged as an important class of materials in medicine due to their ability to change shape in response to a specific stimulus, enabling the simplification of medical procedures, use of minimally invasive techniques, and access to new treatment modalities. Shape memory polymers, in particular, are well suited for such applications given their excellent shape memory performance, tunable materials properties, minimal toxicity, and potential for biodegradation and resorption. This review provides an overview of biodegradable shape memory polymers that have been used in medical applications. The majority of biodegradable shape memory polymers are based on thermally responsive polyesters or polymers that contain hydrolyzable ester linkages. These materials have been targeted for use in applications pertaining to embolization, drug delivery, stents, tissue engineering, and wound closure. The development of biodegradable shape memory polymers with unique properties or responsiveness to novel stimuli has the potential to facilitate the optimization and development of new medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory I. Peterson
- The University of Akron Department of Polymer Science Akron OH 44325‐3909 USA
| | - Andrey V. Dobrynin
- The University of Akron Department of Polymer Science Akron OH 44325‐3909 USA
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- The University of Akron Department of Polymer Science Akron OH 44325‐3909 USA
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Uto K, Aoyagi T, DeForest CA, Hoffman AS, Ebara M. A Combinational Effect of "Bulk" and "Surface" Shape-Memory Transitions on the Regulation of Cell Alignment. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28169506 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel shape-memory cell culture platform has been designed that is capable of simultaneously tuning surface topography and dimensionality to manipulate cell alignment. By crosslinking poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) macromonomers of precisely designed nanoarchitectures, a shape-memory PCL with switching temperature near body temperature is successfully prepared. The temporary strain-fixed PCLs are prepared by processing through heating, stretching, and cooling about the switching temperature. Temporary nanowrinkles are also formed spontaneously during the strain-fixing process with magnitudes that are dependent on the applied strain. The surface features completely transform from wrinkled to smooth upon shape-memory activation over a narrow temperature range. Shape-memory activation also triggers dimensional deformation in an initial fixed strain-dependent manner. A dynamic cell-orienting study demonstrates that surface topographical changes play a dominant role in cell alignment for samples with lower fixed strain, while dimensional changes play a dominant role in cell alignment for samples with higher fixed strain. The proposed shape-memory cell culture platform will become a powerful tool to investigate the effects of spatiotemporally presented mechanostructural stimuli on cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Uto
- International Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan
| | - Takao Aoyagi
- International Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan
| | - Cole A. DeForest
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Washington; 4000 15 Ave NE Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Allan S. Hoffman
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Washington; 3720 15 Ave NE Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- International Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan
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Ishii S, Uto K, Niiyama E, Ebara M, Nagao T. Hybridizing Poly(ε-caprolactone) and Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles for Broadband Photoresponsive Shape Memory Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5634-5640. [PMID: 26890263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles can confine light in nanoscale and locally heat the surrounding. Here we use titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles as broadband plasmonic light absorbers and synthesized a highly photoresponsive hybrid cross-linked polymer from shape memory polymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The TiN-PCL hybrid is responsive to sunlight and the threshold irradiance was among the lowest when compared with other photoresponsive shape memory polymers studied previously. Sunlight heating with TiN NPs can be applied to other heat responsive smart polymers, thereby contributing to energy-saving smart polymers research for a sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ishii
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Koichiro Uto
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Eri Niiyama
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nagao
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Ebara M. Shape-memory surfaces for cell mechanobiology. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:014804. [PMID: 27877747 PMCID: PMC5036502 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/1/014804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are a new class of smart materials, which have the capability to change from a temporary shape 'A' to a memorized permanent shape 'B' upon application of an external stimulus. In recent years, SMPs have attracted much attention from basic and fundamental research to industrial and practical applications due to the cheap and efficient alternative to well-known metallic shape-memory alloys. Since the shape-memory effect in SMPs is not related to a specific material property of single polymers, the control of nanoarchitecture of polymer networks is particularly important for the smart functions of SMPs. Such nanoarchitectonic approaches have enabled us to further create shape-memory surfaces (SMSs) with tunable surface topography at nano scale. The present review aims to bring together the exciting design of SMSs and the ever-expanding range of their uses as tools to control cell functions. The goal for these endeavors is to mimic the surrounding mechanical cues of extracellular environments which have been considered as critical parameters in cell fate determination. The untapped potential of SMSs makes them one of the most exciting interfaces of materials science and cell mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ebara
- Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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