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Xu W, Jambhulkar S, Ravichandran D, Zhu Y, Kakarla M, Nian Q, Azeredo B, Chen X, Jin K, Vernon B, Lott DG, Cornella JL, Shefi O, Miquelard-Garnier G, Yang Y, Song K. 3D Printing-Enabled Nanoparticle Alignment: A Review of Mechanisms and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100817. [PMID: 34176201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
3D printing (additive manufacturing (AM)) has enormous potential for rapid tooling and mass production due to its design flexibility and significant reduction of the timeline from design to manufacturing. The current state-of-the-art in 3D printing focuses on material manufacturability and engineering applications. However, there still exists the bottleneck of low printing resolution and processing rates, especially when nanomaterials need tailorable orders at different scales. An interesting phenomenon is the preferential alignment of nanoparticles that enhance material properties. Therefore, this review emphasizes the landscape of nanoparticle alignment in the context of 3D printing. Herein, a brief overview of 3D printing is provided, followed by a comprehensive summary of the 3D printing-enabled nanoparticle alignment in well-established and in-house customized 3D printing mechanisms that can lead to selective deposition and preferential orientation of nanoparticles. Subsequently, it is listed that typical applications that utilized the properties of ordered nanoparticles (e.g., structural composites, heat conductors, chemo-resistive sensors, engineered surfaces, tissue scaffolds, and actuators based on structural and functional property improvement). This review's emphasis is on the particle alignment methodology and the performance of composites incorporating aligned nanoparticles. In the end, significant limitations of current 3D printing techniques are identified together with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiheng Xu
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Sayli Jambhulkar
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Dharneedar Ravichandran
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Mounika Kakarla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Qiong Nian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Multi-Scale Manufacturing Material Processing Lab (MMMPL), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Bruno Azeredo
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Xiangfan Chen
- Advanced Manufacturing and Functional Devices (AMFD) Laboratory, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Kailong Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), and Biodesign Institute Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing (BCSM3), Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler St., Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Brent Vernon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials Lab, School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - David G Lott
- Department Otolaryngology, Division of Laryngology, College of Medicine, and Mayo Clinic Arizona Center for Regenerative Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Cornella
- Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Orit Shefi
- Department of Engineering, Neuro-Engineering and Regeneration Laboratory, Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Building 1105, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Guillaume Miquelard-Garnier
- laboratoire PIMM, UMR 8006, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, CNAM, Hesam University, 151 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Yang Yang
- Additive Manufacturing & Advanced Materials Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-1323, USA
| | - Kenan Song
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Advanced Materials Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory (AMAML), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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Ravichandran D, Xu W, Franklin R, Kanth N, Jambhulkar S, Shukla S, Song K. Fabricating Fibers of a Porous-Polystyrene Shell and Particle-Loaded Core. Molecules 2019; 24:E4142. [PMID: 31731728 PMCID: PMC6891604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) polymers have broad applications in protective packaging for food shipping, containers, lids, bottles, trays, tumblers, disposable cutlery and the making of models. Currently, most PS products, such as foams, are not accepted for recycling due to a low density in the porous structure. This poses a challenge for logistics as well as creating a lack of incentive to invest in high-value products. This study, however, demonstrated the use of a dry-jet wet-spinning technique to manufacture continuous PS fibers enabled by an in-house designed and developed spinning apparatus. The manufactured fibers showed porosity in the shell and the capability to load particles in their core, a structure with high potential use in environmentally relevant applications such as water treatment or CO2 collections. A two-phase liquid-state microstructure was first achieved via a co-axial spinneret. Following coagulation procedures and heat treatment, phase-separation-based selective dissolution successfully generated the porous-shell/particle-core fibers. The pore size and density were controlled by the porogen (i.e., PEG) concentrations and examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber formation dynamics were studied via rheology tests and gelation measurements. The shell components were characterized by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry for mechanical durability and thermal stability analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharneedar Ravichandran
- System Engineering, The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA; (D.R.); (W.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Weiheng Xu
- System Engineering, The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA; (D.R.); (W.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Rahul Franklin
- Materials Science & Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (R.F.); (N.K.)
| | - Namrata Kanth
- Materials Science & Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (R.F.); (N.K.)
| | - Sayli Jambhulkar
- System Engineering, The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA; (D.R.); (W.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Sumedh Shukla
- Manufacturing Engineering, The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA;
| | - Kenan Song
- The Polytechnic School (TPS) & School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy (SEMTE), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA
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Realizing self-reinforcement of polyethylene via high-speed shear processing. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Song K, Polak R, Zhang S, Rubner MF, Cohen RE, Askar KA. Reversible Self-Healing for Preserving Optical Transparency and Repairing Mechanical Damage in Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:12797-12807. [PMID: 30848876 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research concentrates on the healing of optical properties, roughness, contact angle hysteresis, and shallow scratches in polymer/nanoparticle composites. A series of ternary composite blends [epoxy/halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)] with various CAB concentrations were fabricated and subjected to a series of mechanical damages. The optimized concentration of a nanoparticle is 1.0 vol %, and the CAB concentration is 3.0 vol % based on the mechanical reinforcement and wear resistance. Nanoscale scratching, microlevel falling-sand test, and macrolevel Taber abrasions were utilized to damage the surfaces. The induced damage (roughness and surface scratch up to hundreds of nanometers in depth) healed upon heating. At any temperatures above the softening transition of the semi-interpenetrating network structure of the polymer composites, CAB migrates into the microcracks, and the essential mechanical parameters (modulus, strength, strain to failure) are recovered; in our particular epoxy/HNTs/CAB system, optical transparency is also recovered efficiently. CAB also moves to the macroscopic air/specimen interface and favorably modifies the surface properties, reducing the roll-off angles of water droplets from ∼90° to ∼20°. Through an appropriate choice of CAB additives with different molecular weights, the healing temperature can be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Song
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering , Arizona State University , 7001 East Williams Field Road , Mesa , Arizona 85212 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Khalid A Askar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Khalifa University of Science and Technology , P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
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Wang PH, Sarkar S, Gulgunje P, Verghese N, Kumar S. Structure and rheological behavior of polypropylene interphase at high carbon nanotube concentration. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wu Z, Li L, Mu Y, Wan X. Synthesis and Adhesive Property Study of a Mussel-Inspired Adhesive Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol) Backbone. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430073 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430073 P. R. China
| | - Youbing Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
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Jia XM, Shi R, Jiao GS, Chen T, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. Temperature Effect on Interfacial Structure and Dynamics Properties in Polymer/Single-Chain Nanoparticle Composite. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Meng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
| | - Rui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
| | - Gui-Sheng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, and Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Institute of Theoretical Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130023 China
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Morphology and viscoelastic behavior of silicone rubber/EPDM/Cloisite 15A nanocomposites based on Maxwell model. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Song K, Polak R, Chen D, Rubner MF, Cohen RE, Askar KA. Spray-Coated Halloysite-Epoxy Composites: A Means To Create Mechanically Robust, Vertically Aligned Nanotube Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:20396-20406. [PMID: 27428814 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotube-filled epoxy composites were fabricated using spray-coating methods. The halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were aligned by the hydrodynamic flow conditions at the spray nozzle, and the polymer viscosity helped to preserve this preferential orientation in the final coatings on the target substrates. Electron microscopy demonstrated a consistent trend of higher orientation degree in the nanocomposite coatings as viscosity increased. The nanoindentation mechanical performances of these coatings were studied using a Hysitron TriboIndenter device. Composites showed improvements up to ∼50% in modulus and ∼100% in hardness as compared to pure epoxy, and the largest improvements in mechanical performance correlated with higher alignment of HNTs along the plane-normal direction. Achieving this nanotube alignment using a simple spray-coating method suggests potential for large-scale production of multifunctional anisotropic nanocomposite coatings on a variety of rigid and deformable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Roberta Polak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dayong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael F Rubner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert E Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Khalid A Askar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Tanver A, Huang MH, Luo Y. Energetic interpenetrating polymer network (EIPN): enhanced thermo-mechanical properties of NCO-fMWCNTs/HTPB PU and alkyne-fMWCNTs/acyl-GAP based nanocomposite and its propellants. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07742k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel energetic interpenetrating polymer network (EIPN) nanocomposite comprised of fMWCNTs covalently attached to HTPB and GAP by facile in situ polymerization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Tanver
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Mu-Hua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
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Song K, Zhang Y, Meng J, Minus ML. Spectral analysis of lamellae evolution and constraining effects aided by nano-carbons: A coupled experimental and simulation study. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Konnola R, Joji J, Parameswaranpillai J, Joseph K. Structure and thermo-mechanical properties of CTBN-grafted-GO modified epoxy/DDS composites. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10599d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxyl terminated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) (CTBN) is grafted on to graphite oxide (GO) to prepare GCTBN in order to improve the dispersion and interfacial bonding between GO and epoxy resin in an epoxy/DDS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raneesh Konnola
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram-695547
- India
| | - Jinu Joji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal-462066
- India
| | | | - Kuruvilla Joseph
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram-695547
- India
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Huang QL, Wu YJ, Xiao CF, Chen KK, Song L, Liu Z. Effects of post-treatment on the structure and properties of PVDF/FEP blend hollow fiber membranes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13565f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) blend hollow fiber membranes were prepared by the melt-spinning method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yan-jie Wu
- Department of Textiles
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Chang-fa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Kai-kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Liang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
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