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Hola E, Ortyl J. Pyrylium salt as a visible-light-induced photoredox catalyst for polymer and organic synthesis – Perspectives on catalyst design and performance. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Petko F, Świeży A, Ortyl J. Photoinitiating systems and kinetics of frontal photopolymerization processes – the prospects for efficient preparation of composites and thick 3D structures. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The frontal photopolymerisation combining a versatile interest in many applications and economic efficiency is destined to occupy a growing polymer economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Petko
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Świeży
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Photo HiTech Ltd, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Kraków, Poland
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3
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Allonas X, Lecompère M, Gachet B, Criqui A, Maréchal D, Croutxé-Barghorn C. Pyridines as retarding agents in photoinduced thermal frontal cationic polymerization of epoxydes. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01332g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization of epoxide in the presence of pyridines as retarding agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - M. Lecompère
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - B. Gachet
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - A. Criqui
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - D. Maréchal
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - C. Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
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4
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Gachet B, Lecompère M, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Burr D, L'Hostis G, Allonas X. Highly reactive photothermal initiating system based on sulfonium salts for the photoinduced thermal frontal cationic polymerization of epoxides: a way to create carbon-fiber reinforced polymers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:41915-41920. [PMID: 35516561 PMCID: PMC9057885 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07561b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new combination of sulfonium salts has been investigated to cure opaque and thick carbon composite materials through photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization reaction. The photopolymerization occurs at the surface of the cycloaliphatic epoxide through the excitation of a triarylsulfonium salt and releases enough heat to decompose an alkyl-based sulfonium salt acting as a latent thermal initiator. Thus, a thermal front propagates into the medium leading to the polymerization of the whole sample. Thermal properties and optimal parameters are investigated to obtain frontal polymerization in the depth of the material. Front velocities were as high as 12.9 cm min−1 and were found to increase with an increasing concentration of thermal sulfonium salt. The effect of an addition of carbon filler is investigated with a concentration of up to 50 wt%, which allows the formation of a composite material with a high content of carbon without the need for thermal post curing. Photoinduced thermal frontal polymerization of epoxides made possible by use of a dual-cure initiating system based on sulfonium salts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Gachet
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Maxime Lecompère
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Dominique Burr
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Gildas L'Hostis
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique Textiles (LPMT), Université de Haute Alsace 11 rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
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Zhou YN, Li JJ, Wu YY, Luo ZH. Role of External Field in Polymerization: Mechanism and Kinetics. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2950-3048. [PMID: 32083844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in developing advanced polymerization techniques subjected to external fields. Various physical modulations, such as temperature, light, electricity, magnetic field, ultrasound, and microwave irradiation, are noninvasive means, having superb but distinct abilities to regulate polymerizations in terms of process intensification and spatial and temporal controls. Gas as an emerging regulator plays a distinctive role in controlling polymerization and resembles a physical regulator in some cases. This review provides a systematic overview of seven types of external-field-regulated polymerizations, ranging from chain-growth to step-growth polymerization. A detailed account of the relevant mechanism and kinetics is provided to better understand the role of each external field in polymerization. In addition, given the crucial role of modeling and simulation in mechanisms and kinetics investigation, an overview of model construction and typical numerical methods used in this field as well as highlights of the interaction between experiment and simulation toward kinetics in the existing systems are given. At the end, limitations and future perspectives for this field are critically discussed. This state-of-the-art research progress not only provides the fundamental principles underlying external-field-regulated polymerizations but also stimulates new development of advanced polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ning Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hong Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Synthesis, optical, and thermal properties of 2,4,6-tris(4-substituted phenyl)pyrylium tosylates and triflimides. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Pierrel J, Ibrahim A, Croutxé‐Barghorn C, L'Hostis G, Allonas X. Full control of polymer properties during the two‐stage on‐demand free‐radical photopolymerization of fiber‐reinforced polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Pierrel
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Céline Croutxé‐Barghorn
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Gildas L'Hostis
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique TextilesUniversity of Haute Alsace 11 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Haute Alsace 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse France
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Lecompère M, Allonas X, Maréchal D, Criqui A. Versatility of Pyrylium Salt/Vinyl Ether Initiating System for Epoxide Dual-Cure Polymerization: Kick-Starting Effect of the Coinitiator. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 28117522 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pyrylium salts combined with vinyl ethers are shown to act as new versatile dual-cure initiating systems for both photochemical and thermal initiation of oxirane monomers. The combination of both possibilities allows the curing of thick samples through photoinduced frontal polymerization. On the basis of quantum calculations and photochemical experiments, some clues are given about the reaction mechanisms involved. Interestingly, a sequential kick-starting effect is observed in the presence of vinyl ether enabling the curing of oxetane monomers. Thereby, this communication presents a short overview of potential of pyrylium salts in cationic polymerization of oxiranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lecompère
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093, Mulhouse, France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093, Mulhouse, France
| | - David Maréchal
- Mäder Research, 130 rue de la Mer Rouge, 68200, Mulhouse, France
| | - Adrien Criqui
- Mäder Research, 130 rue de la Mer Rouge, 68200, Mulhouse, France
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Lecompère M, Allonas X, Maréchal D, Criqui A. Mechanistic approach to a photochemical/thermal dual-cure initiating system based on pyrylium salt–hydroperoxide for epoxide cationic polymerization. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01741j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An initiating system based on pyrylium salts and the hydroperoxide group is a promising method to perform a dual-cure of epoxides via cationic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Lecompère
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
| | - X. Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
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10
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Lecompere M, Allonas X, Marechal D, Criqui A. Dual-cure Photo-thermal Initiating System for Cationic Polymerization of Epoxy under LED Visible Light. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2017. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.30.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lecompere
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace
- Mader
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace
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