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Mygiakis E, Glynos E, Sakellariou G. Controlled block-polymerization of styrene, divinylbenzene and ethylene oxide. Intermolecular cross-linking towards well-defined miktoarm copolymer stars. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Golder MR, Nguyen HVT, Oldenhuis NJ, Grundler J, Park EJ, Johnson JA. Brush-First and ROMP-Out with Functional (Macro)monomers: Method Development, Structural Investigations, and Applications of an Expanded Brush-Arm Star Polymer Platform. Macromolecules 2018; 51:9861-9870. [PMID: 31303680 PMCID: PMC6625813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of complex functional polymeric nanomaterials is often challenging. Ru-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of multivalent macromonomers followed by cross-linking to form brush-arm star (BASP) polymers enables access to well-defined nano-structures with diverse functionality. This "brush-first" method leaves active Ru in the BASP microgel core, which could potentially be used in a subsequent "ROMP-out" (RO) step to introduce further modifications to the BASP structure via the addition of (macro)monomers. Here, we study this RO approach in depth. The efficiency of RO is assessed for a variety of BASP compositions using a combination of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and gel permeation chromatography. To demonstrate the modularity of the RO process, arylboronic acid-functionalized BASPs were prepared; uptake of these RO-BASPs into hypersialylated cancer cells was enhanced relative to non-functionalized BASPs as determined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. In addition, the self-assembly of miktoarm BASPs prepared via brush-first and RO with different macromonomers is demonstrated. The combination of brush-first ROMP with RO provides a simple, modular strategy for access to a wide array of functional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Golder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nathan J. Oldenhuis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julian Grundler
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Avenue, Winter Park, Florida 32789, United States
| | - Ellane J. Park
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Avenue, Winter Park, Florida 32789, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Jin X, Sun P, Tong G, Zhu X. Star polymer-based unimolecular micelles and their application in bio-imaging and diagnosis. Biomaterials 2018; 178:738-750. [PMID: 29429845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a novel kind of polymer with covalently linked core-shell structure, star polymers behave in nanostructure in aqueous medium at all concentration range, as unimolecular micelles at high dilution condition and multi-micelle aggregates in other situations. The unique morphologies endow star polymers with excellent stability and functions, making them a promising platform for bio-application. A variety of functions including imaging and therapeutics can be achieved through rational structure design of star polymers, and the existence of plentiful end-groups on shell offers the opportunity for further modification. In the last decades, star polymers have become an attracting platform on fabrication of novel nano-systems for bio-imaging and diagnosis. Focusing on the specific topology and physicochemical properties of star polymers, we have reviewed recent development of star polymer-based unimolecular micelles and their bio-application in imaging and diagnosis. The main content of this review summarizes the synthesis of integrated architecture of star polymers and their self-assembly behavior in aqueous medium, focusing especially on the recent advances on their bio-imaging application and diagnosis use. Finally, we conclude with remarks and give some outlooks for further exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gangsheng Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Iatridi Z, Lencina MMS, Tsitsilianis C. PNIPAM-based heteroarm star-graft quarterpolymers: synthesis, characterization and pH-dependent thermoresponsiveness in aqueous media. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00393h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the design of PSn(P2VP-b-PAA-g-PNIPAM)n heteroarm star-graft quarterpolymers, the thermoresponsiveness of which is strongly dependent on pH ionic strength, and their macromolecular features, e.g. arm number and grafting density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharoula Iatridi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Patras
- 26504 Patras
- Greece
| | | | - Constantinos Tsitsilianis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Patras
- 26504 Patras
- Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences ICE/HT-FORTH
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Kodiyath R, Choi I, Patterson B, Tsitsilianis C, Tsukruk VV. Interfacial behavior of pH responsive ampholytic heteroarm star block terpolymers. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shi X, Miao M, An Z. Core cross-linked star (CCS) polymers with tunable polarity: synthesis by RAFT dispersion polymerization, self-assembly and emulsification. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py21120g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Iatridi Z, Roiter Y, Stavrouli N, Minko S, Tsitsilianis C. Phase behavior and self-assembly of PSn(P2VP-b-PAA)n multiarmed multisegmented star terpolymers with ampholytic arms. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00090j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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