Self-Assembly of Conjugated Units Using Metal-Terpyridine Coordination

A Conjugated Coordination Polymer with Benzoquinone as Electrode Material for All Organic Symmetric Lithium-ion Batteries

Carbonyl rich conjugated polymer electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries possessed the advantages of strong molecular design ability, abundance and high theoretical capacity. In this work, a Co2+ coordinated conjugated polymer using 2,3,5,6-tetraamino-p-benzoquinone (TABQ) as building block was constructed and developed as electrode material for all organic symmetric lithium-ion batteries, outputting a specific capacity of over 100 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles at 50 mA g-1. Performances of Co-TABQ in half cells were explored. The Co-TABQ cathode delivered a capacity of 133.3 mAh g-1 after 150 cycles at 20 mA g-1. When cycled at higher current density of 500 mA g-1, the capacity gradually increased to 109.4 mAh g-1 after 4000 cycles. The Co-TABQ anode displayed a stable capacity of 568.6 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1. The charge transfer within the electrode was greatly reduced due to the metallic centers in the extended conjugated skeleton, and the reversible Li+ storage was achieved by the active C=O and imine groups. This work showed the great potential of metal mediated conjugated polymer in Lithium-ion batteries.

Metal-Terpyridine Assembled Functional Materials for Electrochromic, Catalytic and Environmental Applications

Molecular assembly induced by metal-terpyridine-based coordinative interactions has become an emergent research topic due to its ease of synthesis and diverse applications. This article highlights recent significant developments in the metal-terpyridine-based supramolecular architectures. At first, the design aspect of the molecular building blocks has been described, followed by elaboration on how the ligand backbone plays an important role for achieving different dimensionalities of the resulting assemblies which exhibit a wide range of potential applications. After that, we discussed different synthetic approaches for constructing these assemblies, and finally, we focused on their significant developments in three specific areas, viz., electrochromic materials, catalysis and a new application in wastewater treatment. In the field of electrochromic materials, these assemblies made important advancements in various aspects like sub-second switching time (<1 s), low switching voltage (<1 V), increased switching stability (>10000 cycles), tuning of multiple colors by using multimetallic systems, fabrication of charge storing electrochromic devices, utilizing and storing solar energy etc. Similarly, the catalysis field witnessed application of the metal-terpyridine assemblies in C-H monohalogenation, heterogeneous Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, photocatalysis, reduction of carbon dioxide, etc. Finally, the environmental application of these coordination assemblies includes capturing Cr(VI) from waste water efficiently with high capture capacity, good recyclability, wide pH independency etc.

Supramolecular systems prepared using terpyridine-containing pillararene

Recent progresses about the preparation of terpyridine-containing pillararene, as well as the utilization of those building blocks for making external stimulud-responsive supramolecular systems were summarized in this review.

A manganese (II)-based coordinative dendrimer with robust efficiency in intracellular peptide delivery

Peptides have gained increasing interests as drug candidates in modern pharmaceutical industry, however, the development of peptide drugs acting on intracellular targets is limited due to their membrane impermeability. Here, we reported the use of metal-terpyridine based coordinative dendrimer for cytosolic peptide delivery. Among the investigated transition metal ions, Mn²⁺-coordinated polymer showed the highest delivery efficiency due to balanced peptide binding and release. It showed robust efficiency in the delivery of peptides with different charge property and hydrophobicity into various primary cells. The efficiency of Mn²⁺-terpyridine based polymer is superior to cell penetrating peptides such as oligoarginines. The material also delivered an autophagy-inducing peptide derived from Beclin-1 into cells and efficiently induced autophagy in the cells. This study provides a promising alternative to cell penetrating peptides for cytosolic peptide delivery.

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A Mn²⁺/terpyridine based polymer is rationally designed for cytosolic peptide delivery.

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The polymer shows robust efficiency in the delivery of 22 peptides with different properties into various primary cells.

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The polymer delivers an autophagy-inducing peptide derived from Beclin-1 into cells and efficiently induces autophagy.

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This study provides a promising alternative to cell penetrating peptides for cytosolic peptide delivery.

One-Pot Self-Assembly of Stellated Metallosupramolecules from Multivalent and Complementary Terpyridine-Based Ligands

A series of stellated metallosupramolecular architectures have been assembled through three-component integrative self-sorting. Building on the complementary ligand pairing, the initial attempts to synthesize the hexagram complex from a combination of X-shaped tetrakis- and V-shaped bis-terpyridine ligands, and Cd^II ions, resulted in an unprecedented mixture of stellated octanuclear and dodecanuclear metallocages, which were further isolated by column chromatography. To overcome the unexpected obstacle, the multivalent ligand design along with spontaneous heteroleptic complexation was applied to realization of the one-pot synthesis of the intricate topology. A centrally situated triangle served as a prop for quantitative formation of the six-pointed stellated complex. Notably, in the absence of the triangular prop, a four-pointed star was produced.

Terpyridine-metal complexes: Applications in catalysis and supramolecular chemistry

As an NNN-tridentate ligand, the 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine plays an important role in coordination chemistry. With three coordination sites and low LUMO, terpyridine and its derivatives are one of the typical Pincer ligand and/or non-innocent ligands in transition metal catalysis. Interesting catalytic reactivities have been obtained with these tpy-metal complexes targeting some challenging transformations, such as C-C bond formation and hydrofunctionalization. On the other hand, terpyridine ligands can form "closed-shell" octahedral complexes, which provide a linear and stable linkage in supramolecular chemistry. Numerous supramolecular architectures have been achieved using modified terpyridine ligands including Sierpiński triangles, hexagonal gasket and supramolecular rosettes. This review presents a summary of recent progress regarding transition metal-terpyridine complexes with the focus on their applications in catalysis and supramolecular structure construction. Facile synthesis of terpyridine derivatives is also described. We hope this article can serve to provide some general perspectives of the terpyridine ligand and their applications in coordination chemistry.

Metallogels: Availability, Applicability, and Advanceability

Introducing metal components into gel matrices provides an effective strategy to develop soft materials with advantageous properties such as: optical activity, conductivity, magnetic response activity, self-healing activity, catalytic activity, etc. In this context, a thorough overview of application-oriented metallogels is provided. Considering that many well-established metallogels start from serendipitous discoveries, insights into the structure-gelation relationship will offer a profound impact on the development of metallogels. Initially, design strategies for discovering new metallogels are discussed, then the advanced applications of metallogels are summarized. Finally, perspectives regarding the design of metallogels, the potential applications of metallogels and their derivative materials are briefly proposed.

Terpyridine-based metallosupramolecular constructs: tailored monomers to precise 2D-motifs and 3D-metallocages

Comprehensive summary of the recent developments in the growing field of terpyridine-based, discrete metallosupramolecular architectures.

Terpyridine and Quaterpyridine Complexes as Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Applications

Terpyridine and quaterpyridine-based complexes allow wide light harvesting of the solar spectrum. Terpyridines, with respect to bipyridines, allow for achieving metal-complexes with lower band gaps in the metal-to-ligand transition (MLCT), thus providing a better absorption at lower energy wavelengths resulting in an enhancement of the solar light-harvesting ability. Despite the wider absorption of the first tricarboxylate terpyridyl ligand-based complex, Black Dye (BD), dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) performances are lower if compared with N719 or other optimized bipyridine-based complexes. To further improve BD performances several modifications have been carried out in recent years affecting each component of the complexes: terpyridines have been replaced by quaterpyridines; other metals were used instead of ruthenium, and thiocyanates have been replaced by different pinchers in order to achieve cyclometalated or heteroleptic complexes. The review provides a summary on design strategies, main synthetic routes, optical and photovoltaic properties of terpyridine and quaterpyridine ligands applied to photovoltaic, and focuses on n-type DSCs.

Color Bricks: Building Highly Organized and Strongly Absorbing Multicomponent Arrays of Terpyridyl Perylenes on Metal Oxide Surfaces

Terpyridine-substituted perylenes containing cyclic anhydrides in the peri position were synthesized. The anhydride group served as an anchor for assembly of the terpyridyl-crowned chromophores as monomolecular layers on metal oxide surfaces. Further coordination with Zn(2+) ions allowed for layer-by-layer formation of supramolecular assemblies of perylene imides on the solid substrates. With properly selected anchor and linker molecules it was possible to build high quality structures of greater than ten successive layers by a simple and straightforward procedure. The prepared films were stable and had a broad spectral coverage and high absorbance. To demonstrate their potential use, the synthesized dyes were employed in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells, and electron injection from the perylene antennas to titanium dioxide was observed.

Synthesis and structural analysis of tungsten-carbonyl dimers bridged with oligo(2,5-dialkoxy-1,4-phenylene vinylene)s through pyridine coordination

Synthesis, structural analysis and basic optical properties of tungsten carbonyl dimers bridged with oligo(2,5-dialkoxy-1,4-phenylene vinylene)s through coordination with pyridine have been explored.

Assembling mono-, di- and tri-nuclear coordination complexes with a ditopic analogue of 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine: syntheses, structures and catalytic studies

Diverse metal assemblies based on a ditopic analogue of 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine are structurally characterized and applied for catalytic aerobic alcohol oxidation.