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Jiménez-Victoria A, Peralta-Rodríguez RD, Saldívar-Guerra E, Cortez-Mazatán GY, Soriano-Melgar LDAA, Guerrero-Sánchez C. Emulsion Polymerization Using an Amphiphilic Oligoether Ionic Liquid as a Surfactant. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173475. [PMID: 36080548 PMCID: PMC9459948 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the use of an ionic liquid (IL) as a surfactant in emulsion polymerization (EP) reactions. ILs have been proposed as surfactants for micellar dispersions, emulsions, micro-emulsions and suspensions. Thus, it is important to acquire knowledge of the application of ILs in heterogeneous polymerizations. We selected the amphiphile cationic oligoether IoLiLyte C1EG™ as an IL for this purpose and compared its performance to that of the conventional surfactant dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) in the EP of methyl methacrylate and styrene. After we found the proper concentration range of the IL, this amphiphile showed similar polymerization rates to those observed with DTAB for both monomers. The evolution of monomer conversion and the final average diameter of formed polymeric particles were similar for both evaluated surfactants, demonstrating their capability to stabilize the EPs of the investigated monomers. We simulated the evolution of monomer conversion and particle size using a conventional model for emulsion polymerization, which showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the EP with this IL follows Smith-Ewart kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Jiménez-Victoria
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna #140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - René D. Peralta-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna #140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.-R.); (E.S.-G.); (C.G.-S.)
| | - Enrique Saldívar-Guerra
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna #140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.-R.); (E.S.-G.); (C.G.-S.)
| | - Gladis Y. Cortez-Mazatán
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna #140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Guerrero-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.-R.); (E.S.-G.); (C.G.-S.)
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Cui J, Kan L, Cheng F, Liu J, He L, Xue Y, Fang S, Zhang Z. Construction of bifunctional electrochemical biosensors for the sensitive detection of the SARS-CoV-2 N-gene based on porphyrin porous organic polymers. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2094-2104. [PMID: 35040456 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03869a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel porphyrin-based porous organic polymer (POP) was constructed using 5,10,15,20-tetramine (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAPP) and 5,5'-diformyl-2,2'-bipyridine (DPDD) as organic ligands via a solvothermal method (represented as TAPP-DPDD-POP). Then, it was utilized as a bifunctional scaffold for constructing a sensitive sensing strategy toward the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N-gene) of SARS-CoV-2. The obtained TAPP-DPDD-POP is composed of nanospheres with a size of 100-300 nm and possesses a highly conjugated and π-π stacking network. The coexistence of the porphyrin and bipyridine moieties of TAPP-DPDD-POP afforded considerable electrochemical activity and a strong binding interaction toward the SARS-CoV-2 N-gene-targeted antibody and targeted the aptamer strands of the N-gene. The TAPP-DPDD-POP-based aptasensor and immunosensor were manufactured for the sensitive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 N-gene, and exhibited the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.59 fg mL-1 and 0.17 fg mL-1, respectively, within the range of 0.1 fg mL-1 to 1 ng mL-1 of N-gene. The sensing performances of both the TAPP-DPDD-POP-based aptasensor and immunosensor were better than those of existing electrochemical biosensors for analyzing the N-gene, accompanied with excellent stability, high selectivity and reproducibility. The TAPP-DPDD-POP-based aptasensor and immunosensor were then employed to detect the N-gene from various environments, including human serum, river water, and seafoods. This work provides a new method of using an electrochemically active POP to sensitively and selectively analyze SARS-CoV-2 in diverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Lun Kan
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Cheng
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Jiameng Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Linghao He
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Yulin Xue
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Shaoming Fang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
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Yamashita K, Tanaka T, Matsuo T, Uchida T. Development and chemical properties of retinal prostheses using photoelectric dyes coupled to polyethylene films with various anions to achieve high durability. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs), which are built from pure organic building blocks through strong covalent bonds, are intriguing platforms with multiple functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety
- Central South University
- Changsha 410005
- China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012
- China
| | - Juntao Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety
- Central South University
- Changsha 410005
- China
| | - Linfeng Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety
- Central South University
- Changsha 410005
- China
| | - Guipeng Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety
- Central South University
- Changsha 410005
- China
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Patrocinio VMB, Agner T, Dutra GVS, Machado F, Neto BAD, Araújo PHH, Sayer C. High Molecular Weight Polystyrene Obtained by Cationic Emulsion Polymerization Catalyzed by Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquid. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201800061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M. B. Patrocinio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Tamara Agner
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Gabriel V. S. Dutra
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Fabricio Machado
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Brenno A. D. Neto
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Pedro H. H. Araújo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
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Isik M, Fernandes AM, Vijayakrishna K, Paulis M, Mecerreyes D. Preparation of poly(ionic liquid) nanoparticles and their novel application as flocculants for water purification. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py02001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic poly(ionic liquid) random copolymers that self-assemble into polymeric nanoparticles were prepared. The use of poly(ionic liquid) nanoparticles as flocculants enhanced the evolution rate of the sediment considerably in comparison with the parent polyelectrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Isik
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- San Sebastian
- Spain
| | - Ana M. Fernandes
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- San Sebastian
- Spain
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- Organic Chemistry Division
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT University
- Vellore 632014
- India
| | - Maria Paulis
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- San Sebastian
- Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- San Sebastian
- Spain
- IKERBASQUE
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Bandyopadhyay S, Métivier R, Pallavi P, Preis E, Nakatani K, Landfester K, Patra A, Scherf U. Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticle-Triplet Emitter Hybrids in Aqueous Dispersion: Fabrication and Fluorescence Quenching Behavior. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 37:271-7. [PMID: 26663576 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles based on poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene] and poly[N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-N,N-diphenylamine)-4,4'-diyl] are fabricated using anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate in water by miniemulsion technique. Average diameters of polyfluorene and polytriarylamine nanoparticles range from 70 to 100 and 100 to 140 nm, respectively. The surface of the nanoparticles is decorated with triplet emitting dye, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride. Intriguing photophysics of aqueous dispersions of these hybrid nanoparticles is investigated. Nearly 50% quenching of fluorescence is observed in the case of dye-coated polyfluorene nanoparticles; excitation energy transfer is found to be the dominant quenching mechanism. On the other hand, nearly complete quenching of emission is noticed in polytriarylamine nanoparticle-dye hybrids. It is proposed that the excited state electron transfer from the electron-rich polytriarylamine donor polymer to Ru complex leads to the complete quenching of emission of polytriarylamine nanoparticles. The current study offers promising avenues for developing aqueous solution processed-electroluminescent devices involving a conjugated polymer nanoparticle host and Ru or Ir-based triplet emitting dye as the guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Rémi Métivier
- PPSM, ENS Cachan, CNRS, UniverSud, 61 av President Wilson, 94230, Cachan, France
| | - Pragyan Pallavi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Eduard Preis
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Bergische University Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Keitaro Nakatani
- PPSM, ENS Cachan, CNRS, UniverSud, 61 av President Wilson, 94230, Cachan, France
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Bergische University Wuppertal, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42119, Wuppertal, Germany
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