1
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Hong W, Lin J, Tian X, Wang L. Linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of self-associative hydrogen-bonded polymers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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2
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Breul K, Kissel S, Seiffert S. Sticker Multivalency in Metallo-supramolecular Polymer Networks. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Breul
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kissel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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3
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Breul K, Seiffert S. Amphiphilic poly(ether urethanes) carrying associative terpyridine side groups with controlled spacing. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00121c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis for metallo-supramolecular crosslinkable polyurethanes with uniform vs. random sticker spacings is presented to study how sticker density and distribution affect the mechanical properties of the corresponding gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Breul
- Department of Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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4
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Xu X, Jerca FA, Jerca VV, Hoogenboom R. Self-Healing and Moldable Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Supramolecular Hydrogels Based on a Transient Metal Coordination Network. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Florica Adriana Jerca
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Centre of Organic Chemistry “Costin D. Nenitzescu” Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202B, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Valentin Victor Jerca
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Centre of Organic Chemistry “Costin D. Nenitzescu” Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202B, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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5
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Zhang R, Zhang C, Yang Z, Wu Q, Sun P, Wang X. Hierarchical Dynamics in a Transient Polymer Network Cross-Linked by Orthogonal Dynamic Bonds. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchun Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology (AISMST), School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Pingchuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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6
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Golkaram M, Loos K. A Critical Approach to Polymer Dynamics in Supramolecular Polymers. Macromolecules 2019; 52:9427-9444. [PMID: 31894159 PMCID: PMC6933822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, the concurrent (1) development of polymer synthesis and (2) introduction of new mathematical models for polymer dynamics have evolved the classical framework for polymer dynamics once established by Doi-Edwards/de Gennes. Although the analysis of supramolecular polymer dynamics based on linear rheology has improved a lot recently, there are a large number of insecurities behind the conclusions, which originate from the complexity of these novel systems. The interdependent effect of supramolecular entities (stickers) and chain dynamics can be overwhelming depending on the type and location of stickers as well as the architecture and chemistry of polymers. This Perspective illustrates these parameters and strives to determine what is still missing and has to be improved in the future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Schmolke W, Ahmadi M, Seiffert S. Enhancement of metallo-supramolecular dissociation kinetics in telechelic terpyridine-capped poly(ethylene glycol) assemblies in the semi-dilute regime. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19623-19638. [PMID: 31465047 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03911b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of supramolecular polymer assemblies is governed by that of their polymeric building blocks and that of the transient bonds between them. Entrapment of such bonds by topological crowding often causes renormalization of the bond lifetimes towards prolonging. In the present study, by contrast, we show that this effect can also be inverse in the case of telechelic metallo-supramolecular polymers in semi-dilute solution. We focus on linear poly(ethylene glycols) capped by terpyridine binding motifs at both ends that can form metal-ligand coordinative bonds with various transition metal ions, thereby creating transient metallo-supramolecular assemblies of varying length and binding strength. Oscillatory shear rheology measurements along with theoretical modelling of the mechanical spectra of these samples reveals a pronounced enhancement of the complex dissociation kinetics that is dependent on the length of the polymeric chain segment, with longer segments yielding faster dissociation times up to six orders of magnitude shorter than described for the free complexes. This finding indicates that the dynamic activity of the polymer chain itself causes complex destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willi Schmolke
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Mostafa Ahmadi
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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8
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Boothroyd SC, Hoyle DM, McLeish TCB, Munch E, Schach R, Smith AJ, Thompson RL. Association and relaxation of supra-macromolecular polymers. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:5296-5307. [PMID: 31225548 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the structures created by assembling functionalised entangled polymers and the effect these have on the rheology of the material. A polybutadiene (PBd) linear polymer precursor of sufficient molecular weight to be entangled is used. This is end functionalised with the self-associating group 2-ureido-4pyrimidinone (UPy). Interestingly, despite the relatively high molecular weight of the precursor diluting the UPy concentration, the effect on the material's properties is significant. To characterise the assembled microstructure we present linear rheology, extensional non-linear rheology and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The linear rheology shows that the functionalised PBd assembles into large macro-structures where the terminal relaxation time is up to seven orders of magnitude larger than the precursor. The non-linear rheology shows strain-hardening over a broad range of strain-rates. We then show by both SAXS and modelling of the extensional data that there must exist clusters of UPy associations and hence assembled polymers with branched architecture. By modelling the supra-molecular structure as an effective linear polymer, we show that this would be insufficient in predicting the strain-hardening behaviour at lower extension-rates. Therefore, in this flow regime the strain-hardening is likely to be caused by branching. This is backed up by SAXS measurements which show that UPy clusters larger than pair-pair groups exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Boothroyd
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - David M Hoyle
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Thomas C B McLeish
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Etienne Munch
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Centre de Technologies, 63040 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 9, France
| | - Regis Schach
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Centre de Technologies, 63040 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrew J Smith
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Richard L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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9
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Golkaram M, Fodor C, van Ruymbeke E, Loos K. Linear Viscoelasticity of Weakly Hydrogen-Bonded Polymers near and below the Sol-Gel Transition. Macromolecules 2018; 51:4910-4916. [PMID: 30018463 PMCID: PMC6041770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Supramolecular polymers bearing weak
hydrogen bonds (sticker) can express outstanding dynamic properties
due to their labile association. Studying the linear viscoelasticity
(LVE) of this type of polymer can provide us with sufficient knowledge
to design polymeric materials for applications that need dynamic properties
such as self-healing. Using different compositions of flexible weak
stickers, LVE analysis showed scalings corresponding to a transition
from a linear precursor to a cluster. By introducing one sticker per
repeating unit of the precursor polymer, the effect of sticker distribution
along the chain as well as phase separation is excluded. However,
even a fully functionalized polymer could not show any network formation,
whereas surprisingly, a stable cluster was formed. This proves that
weakly associated networks do not dissociate rapidly and can relax
as a cluster at extended time before the dissociation of stickers
can lead to the relaxation of linear analogous (slow kinetics similar
to strong physical or even chemical bonds.) On the other hand, the
absence of a gel even in fully sticker-functionalized polymers shows
that the weakness of these polymers can be described as their weakness
in complete association (thermodynamically not favored).
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Csaba Fodor
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyne van Ruymbeke
- Bio-and Soft Matter, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Zhuge F, Brassinne J, Fustin CA, van Ruymbeke E, Gohy JF. Synthesis and Rheology of Bulk Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers from Telechelic Entangled Precursors. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flanco Zhuge
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jérémy Brassinne
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Charles-André Fustin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Evelyne van Ruymbeke
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1 & Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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11
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Tan CSY, Agmon G, Liu J, Hoogland D, Janeček ER, Appel EA, Scherman OA. Distinguishing relaxation dynamics in transiently crosslinked polymeric networks. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric materials based on reversible non-covalent associations possess diverse mechanical behaviour, which can be orthogonally accessed through polymer molecular weight and control over physical crosslinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Soo Yun Tan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Gillie Agmon
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Ji Liu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Dominique Hoogland
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Emma-Rose Janeček
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Eric A. Appel
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
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12
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Shabbir A, Javakhishvili I, Cerveny S, Hvilsted S, Skov AL, Hassager O, Alvarez NJ. Linear Viscoelastic and Dielectric Relaxation Response of Unentangled UPy-Based Supramolecular Networks. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Shabbir
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Irakli Javakhishvili
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Silvina Cerveny
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM CSIC/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC), Paseo Manuel de
Lardizabal 5, San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - Søren Hvilsted
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Anne L. Skov
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Ole Hassager
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Nicolas J. Alvarez
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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