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Hakobyan K, Noble B, Xu J. Pyrazole carbodithiolate-driven iterative RAFT single-additions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7443-7446. [PMID: 38946353 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02219j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
In this Communication, we comprehensively investigated substituent effects relevant to iterative reversible activation fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) single unit monomer insertion (SUMI) reactions. Through the use of the pyrazole carbodithiolate (PCDT) "Z-group" as the chain transfer component in RAFT SUMI, we show the importance of "Z-group" effects and its interplay with "R-group" (the carbon-centred radical precursor) effects. We also expanded the scope of RAFT SUMI to new monomer types and sequences thereof. As such, the C-S bond dissocation/reformation steps were found to be crucial factors in SUMI, and it was found that general substituent effects must be wholistically examined for every step of this reaction. This stands in contrast with conventional knowledge of RAFT polymerisation, where the main consideration is often centred around the propagation stage, i.e., the key C-C bond formation step. Indeed, contrary to SUMI, the latter characteristic was observed in the analogous alternating copolymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hakobyan
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Benjamin Noble
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Forysiak W, Lizak A, Szweda R. Sequence of Monomers and Position of Stereocenters Matter for Thermal Properties of Stereocontrolled Oligourethanes. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400366. [PMID: 38753463 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyurethanes are commodity materials used for multiple applications. In recent years, a new category of polyurethane material has emerged, characterized by the lack of polymer molar mass dispersity, control of the monomer arrangement in the chain, and even full stereocontrol. Various multistep synthesis strategies have been developed to fabricate sequence-defined polyurethanes. However, synthesizing stereocontrolled polyurethanes with a controlled sequence is still a challenge. Polyurethanes with structural precision, as represented by biopolymers, i. e. proteins or nucleic acids, have opened new application directions for these groups of materials. It has been shown that polyurethanes can be used as biomimetics, information carriers, molecular tags, and materials with strictly controlled properties. Precise synthesis of macromolecules allows us to fine-tune the properties of polymers to specific needs. Therefore, it is essential to collect information on the sequence-structure relationship of polymers. In our work, we present synthetic pathways to make sequence and stereo-defined oligourethanes. We demonstrate that structural details, i. e., the monomer sequences and position of the stereocenter, have a tremendous effect on the thermal properties of model oligourethanes. We show that the introduction of chirality by constitutional isomerization can be used to program the thermal characteristics of polymers, which are key features for material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Forysiak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network -, PORT Polish Centre for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lizak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network -, PORT Polish Centre for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Róża Szweda
- Łukasiewicz Research Network -, PORT Polish Centre for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Ye L, Liu M, Wang X, Yu Z, Huang Z, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Zhu X. Sequence effect on the self-assembly of discrete amphiphilic co-oligomers with fluorene-azobenzene semirigid backbones. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24181-24190. [PMID: 37575403 PMCID: PMC10416705 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04205g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequences can have a dramatic impact on the unique properties and self-assembly in natural macromolecules, which has received increasing interest. Herein, we report a series of discrete amphiphilic co-oligomers with the same composition but different building blocks in a semirigid backbone. These sequence-defined oligomers possess two primary amine groups on the side chain of the azobenzene building block, and hence, they become amphipathic due to quaternization of the amine groups when protonated in acidic aqueous solution. These oligomer isomers assembled into different nanoparticles, including nanofibers, hollow vesicles and spherical micellar complexes, in a THF/water/HCl mixture under the same conditions. UV-vis absorption spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray scattering (XRD) experiments combined with theoretical calculations reveal that the sequence-controlled co-oligomers induce different molecular packing conformations and arrangement modes of building blocks in self-assembly. Furthermore, these self-assembled nanoparticles demonstrate photoresponsive morphological transformation and fluorescence emission under UV light irradiation due to trans-to-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene. This work demonstrates that customizing functional nanoparticles can be achieved by controlling the sequence structure in synthetic co-oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liandong Ye
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Min Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhihong Yu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhihao Huang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Nianchen Zhou
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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Boyer C, Kamigaito M, Satoh K, Moad G. Radical-Promoted Single-unit Monomer Insertion (SUMI) [aka. Reversible-Deactivation Radical Addition (RDRA)]. Prog Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Forysiak W, Kozub S, John L, Szweda R. Discrete oligourethanes of sequence-regulated properties – impact of stereocontrol. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00299j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Properties and functions of natural biopolymers such as proteins are strongly dependent on the sequence of amino acid monomers. The regulation of the properties of synthetic polymers by controlling monomer...
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