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Zhu J, Wang R, Ma Z, Zuo W, Zhu M. Unleashing the Power of PET-RAFT Polymerization: Journey from Porphyrin-Based Photocatalysts to Combinatorial Technologies and Advanced Bioapplications. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1371-1390. [PMID: 38346318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of photoinduced energy/electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (PET-RAFT) not only revolutionized the field of photopolymerization but also accelerated the development of porphyrin-based photocatalysts and their analogues. The continual expansion of the monomer family compatible with PET-RAFT polymerization enhances the range of light radiation that can be harnessed, providing increased flexibility in polymerization processes. Furthermore, the versatility of PET-RAFT polymerization extends beyond its inherent capabilities, enabling its integration with various technologies in diverse fields. This integration holds considerable promise for the advancement of biomaterials with satisfactory bioapplications. As researchers delve deeper into the possibilities afforded by PET-RAFT polymerization, the collaborative efforts of individuals from diverse disciplines will prove invaluable in unleashing its full potential. This Review presents a concise introduction to the fundamental principles of PET-RAFT, outlines the progress in photocatalyst development, highlights its primary applications, and offers insights for future advancements in this technique, paving the way for exciting innovations and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ruili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
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Shen ZQ, Zhang G, Yang K, Zhang YJ, Gong H, Liao G, Liu SY. Direct C-H Arylation Derived Ternary D-A Conjugated Polymers: Effects of Monomer Geometries, D/A Ratios, and Alkyl Side Chains on Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Pollutant Degradation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300566. [PMID: 37931779 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymer (CP) featuring high charge mobility and widely tunable energy bands have shown promising prospects in photocatalysis. In this work, a library of ternary D-A CPs (22 polymers) based on benzothiadiazole, bithiophene, and fluorene derivatives (i.e., fluorene [Fl], 9,9-dihexylfluorene [HF], and 9,9'-spirobifluorene [SF]) with and without alkyl side chains, and with 3D geometry are designed and synthesized via atom-economical direct C-H arylation polymerization to explore the synergetic effects of stereochemistry, D/A ratio, and alkyl chains on the properties and photocatalytic performances, which reveal that 1) the cross-shaped 3D spirobifluorene (SF) building block shows the highest hydrogen evolution rates (HER) owing to the sufficient photocatalytic active sites exposed, 2) the alkyl-free linear polymer (FlBtBT0.05 ) exhibit the highest photocatalytic pollutant degradation performance owing to its superior charge separation, and 3) the alkyl side chains are redundances that will exert detrimental effects on the aqueous photocatalysis owing to their insulating and hydrophobic property. The structure-property-performance correlation results obtained will provide a desirable guideline for the rational design of CP-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Qi Shen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Guangfu Liao
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shi-Yong Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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Xie P, Yan W, Ji H, He H, Zhang L, Cao H. Emulsion-Directed Synthesis of Poly-Porphyrin Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for PET-RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300336. [PMID: 37571924 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysts have attracted extensive attention in photo-induced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization due to their remarkable advantages such as easy preparation, tunable photoelectric properties, and recyclability. In this study, zinc (II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTAPP)-based poly-porphyrin nanoparticles (PTAPP-Zn) are constructed by an emulsion-directed approach. It is investigated as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for PET-RAFT polymerization of various methacrylate monomers under visible light exposure, and the reactions show refined polymerization control with high monomer conversions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the PTAPP-Zn nanoparticles with the larger pore size enhance photocatalytic activity in PET-RAFT polymerization. In addition, the capabilities of oxygen tolerance and temporal control are demonstrated and PTAPP-Zn particles can be easily recycled and reused without an obvious decrease in catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weifeng Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hongyu Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Haochen He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liangshun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hongliang Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Fu W, Li N, Shi M, Wu M, Sun G, Shen W, Li Q, Ma J. RuSe 2-CoTe Heterogeneous Surfaces Coated with NC Layer for Excellent HER Performance under Alkaline Condition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13189-13196. [PMID: 37674321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic hydrogen production has been a promising high-purity hydrogen production technology, attracting a large number of researchers' research interest. Ru has a hydrogen binding capacity similar to Pt, but its price is far lower than Pt, making it a promising alternative to Pt. However, a single Se electronic structure modulation is not sufficient to enable RuSe2 to be used for practical applications on a large scale due to the lack of electrons. Therefore, choosing a suitable way to electronically modulate the Ru atoms in RuSe2 can effectively improve the activity of the catalyst. Cobalt telluride (CoTe) can significantly enhance electrocatalytic performance due to tellurium's low electronegativity and excellent metal properties. In this work, the NC layer possesses excellent electrical conductivity and CoTe acts as an electron donor to optimize the electronic structure locally and trigger electron transfer efficiently. The RuSe2-CoTe/NC electrode requires an overpotential of only 25.4 mV (10 mA cm-2), which is superior to that of RuSe2/NF (65 mV) and CoTe/NC (115 mV). Meanwhile, the Tafel slope of RuSe2-CoTe/NC (67.8 mV dec-1) was better than that of RuSe2/NF (113.6 mV dec-1) and CoTe/NC (209.5 mV dec-1), showing that the build-up of the superior heterojunction makes the RuSe2-CoTe/NC with better hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) reaction kinetics. In addition, after 30 h of long-term stability testing, no significant decrease in catalytic activity was observed, proving the good stability of the RuSe2-CoTe/NC catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Fu
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Nan Li
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Minghao Shi
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Mianmian Wu
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Guifang Sun
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Qingfei Li
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jiangquan Ma
- Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
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Huang S, Shan G, Qin C, Liu S. Polymerization-Enhanced Photophysical Performances of AIEgens for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010078. [PMID: 36615271 PMCID: PMC9822127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIE polymers have been extensively researched in the fields of OLEDs, sensing, and cancer treatment since its first report in 2003, which have achieved numerous breakthroughs during the years. In comparison with small molecules, it can simultaneously combine the unique advantages of AIE materials and the polymer itself, to further enhance their corresponding photophysical performances. In this review, we enumerate and discuss the common construction strategies of AIE-active polymers and summarize the progress of research on polymerization enhancing luminescence, photosensitization, and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with their related applications in chemo/bio-sensing and therapy. To conclude, we also discuss current challenges and prospects of the field for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Huang
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Guogang Shan
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Chao Qin
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Shunjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
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Goździuk M, Kavetskyy T, Roquero DM, Smutok O, Gonchar M, Královič DP, Švajdlenková H, Šauša O, Kalinay P, Nosrati H, Lebedevaite M, Grauzeliene S, Ostrauskaite J, Kiv A, Zgardzińska B. UV-Cured Green Polymers for Biosensorics: Correlation of Operational Parameters of Highly Sensitive Biosensors with Nano-Volumes and Adsorption Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6607. [PMID: 36233949 PMCID: PMC9572821 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The investigated polymeric matrixes consisted of epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (RD1), vanillin dimethacrylate (VDM), triarylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate salts (PI), and 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA). Linseed oil-based (ELO/PI, ELO/10RD1/PI) and soybean oil-based (AESO/VDM, AESO/VDM/DMPA) polymers were obtained by cationic and radical photopolymerization reactions, respectively. In order to improve the cross-linking density of the resulting polymers, 10 mol.% of RD1 was used as a reactive diluent in the cationic photopolymerization of ELO. In parallel, VDM was used as a plasticizer in AESO radical photopolymerization reactions. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was used to characterize vegetable oil-based UV-cured polymers regarding their structural stability in a wide range of temperatures (120-320 K) and humidity. The polymers were used as laccase immobilization matrixes for the construction of amperometric biosensors. A direct dependence of the main operational parameters of the biosensors and microscopical characteristics of polymer matrixes (mostly on the size of free volumes and water content) was established. The biosensors are intended for the detection of trace water pollution with xenobiotics, carcinogenic substances with a very negative impact on human health. These findings will allow better predictions for novel polymers as immobilization matrixes for biosensing or biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Goździuk
- Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, 82100 Drohobych, Ukraine
- Department of Materials Engineering, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel Massana Roquero
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Oleh Smutok
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
- Department of Analytical Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Mykhailo Gonchar
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, 82100 Drohobych, Ukraine
- Department of Analytical Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - David P. Královič
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Ondrej Šauša
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Kalinay
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hamed Nosrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Migle Lebedevaite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigita Grauzeliene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Ostrauskaite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arnold Kiv
- Department of Innovation Technologies, South-Ukrainian K.D. Ushynsky National Pedagogical University, 65020 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Bożena Zgardzińska
- Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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