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Dias HJ, Santos WH, Filho LCS, Crevelin EJ, McIndoe JS, Vessecchi R, Crotti AEM. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e5062. [PMID: 38831552 DOI: 10.1002/jms.5062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
We have investigated the gas-phase fragmentation reactions of 11 synthetic 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) on a quadrupole-time-of flight (Q-TOF) hybrid mass spectrometer. We have also estimated thermochemical data for the protonated coumarins (precursor ion A) and product ion structures by computational chemistry at a B3LYP level of theory to establish the ion structures and to rationalize the fragmentation pathways. The most abundant ions in the product ion spectra of coumarins 1-11 resulted from C8H8O2, CO2, C4H4O3, C8H10O3, C8H8O2, and CH3OH eliminations through retro-Diels-Alder (RDA) reactions, remote hydrogen rearrangements (β-eliminations), and β-lactone ring contraction. Although the investigated coumarins shared most of the fragmentation pathways, formation of a benzylic product ion and its corresponding tropylium ion was diagnostic of the substituents at ring C. The thermochemical data revealed that the nature and position of the substituents at ring C played a key role in the formation of this product ion and determined its relative intensity in the product ion spectrum. The results of this study contribute to knowledge of the gas-phase ion chemistry of this important class of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert J Dias
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology, Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - William H Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences at Bauru, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Luis C S Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences at Bauru, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J Crevelin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - J Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Antônio E M Crotti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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2
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Zhang D, Latif M, Gamez G. Instantaneous Differentiation of Functional Isomers via Reactive Flowing Atmospheric Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9986-9994. [PMID: 34251188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) allows direct desorption and ionization of analytes in real time with minimal-to-no sample preparation. However, it may present inadequate capabilities for differentiating isomers. Here, a reactive flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (reactive-FAPA) AMS source is developed for rapid isomer differentiation by derivatization of analytes in real time. The effects of the reactive-FAPA operating conditions on the reagent and product ions were studied and optimized for highly volatile and non-volatile model compounds with different carbonyl functional groups. In addition, two functional isomers of valproic acid (VPA) metabolites, 4-ene VPA and γ-valprolactone, are successfully differentiated for the first time by incorporating methylamine (MA) reagent vapor into the plasma effluent used for desorption/ionization. Reactive-FAPAMS for 4-ene VPA shows only detectable peaks of the protonated acylation product [M + MA-H2O + H]+, while for γ-valprolactone, it shows detectable peaks for both protonated acylation product [M + MA-H2O + H]+ and protonated intermediate [M + MA + H]+. A method for quantitative characterization of mixtures of 4-ene VPA and γ-valprolactone is also developed and validated. In addition, reactive-FAPAMS also shows better detection sensitivity compared to nonreactive-FAPAMS for some larger analyte types, such as UV filters and steroids. The limit of detection (LOD) of pregnenolone acetate in reactive-FAPAMS is 310 ng/mL, which is about 10 times better than its LOD in nonreactive-FAPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Mohsen Latif
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Gerardo Gamez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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3
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Chiavarino B, Sinha RK, Crestoni ME, Corinti D, Filippi A, Fraschetti C, Scuderi D, Maitre P, Fornarini S. Binding Motifs in the Naked Complexes of Target Amino Acids with an Excerpt of Antitumor Active Biomolecule: An Ion Vibrational Spectroscopy Assay. Chemistry 2021; 27:2348-2360. [PMID: 33175428 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The structures of proton-bound complexes of 5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (1) and basic amino acids (AAs), namely, histidine (His) and lysine (Lys), have been examined by means of mass spectrometry coupled with IR ion spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. This selection of systems is based on the fact that 1 represents a portion of glabrescione B, a natural small molecule of promising antitumor activity, while His and Lys are protein residues lining the cavity of the alleged receptor binding site. These species are thus a model of the bioactive adduct, although clearly the isolated state of the present study bears little resemblance to the complex biological environment. A common feature of [1+AA+H]+ complexes is the presence of a protonated AA bound to neutral 1, in spite of the fact that the gas-phase basicity of 1 is comparable to those of Lys and His. The carbonyl group of 1 acts as a powerful hydrogen-bond acceptor. Within [1+AA+H]+ the side-chain substituents (imidazole group for His and terminal amino group for Lys) present comparable basic properties to those of the α-amino group, taking part to a cooperative hydrogen-bond network. Structural assignment, relying on the comparative analysis of the infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectrum and calculated IR spectra for the candidate geometries, derives from an examination over two frequency ranges: 900-1800 and 2900-3700 cm-1 . Information gained from the latter one proved especially valuable, for example, pointing to the contribution of species characterized by an unperturbed carboxylic OH or imidazole NH stretching mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Rajeev K Sinha
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonello Filippi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Fraschetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Debora Scuderi
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Philippe Maitre
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
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4’-Methoxy-3-hydroxyflavone excited state intramolecular proton transfer reaction in alcoholic solutions: Intermolecular versus intramolecular hydrogen bonding effect. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Troiani A, de Petris G, Pepi F, Garzoli S, Salvitti C, Rosi M, Ricci A. Base-Assisted Conversion of Protonated d-Fructose to 5-HMF: Searching for Gas-Phase Green Models. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1190-1198. [PMID: 31508268 PMCID: PMC6723769 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A gas-phase investigation of the d-fructose dehydration reaction in the presence of base has been performed by the joint application of mass spectrometric techniques and theoretical calculations. Protonated addition products of d-fructose and base were generated in the gas phase by electrospray ionization using several bases of different proton affinity. The intermediates, products and decomposition channels were investigated by ion trap mass spectrometry. Electronic structure calculations allowed the identification of the ionic intermediates and products of a selected system containing NH3, helping to rationalize the observed reaction pathways. The obtained results show that the final product, the protonated 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldheyde [5-HMF]H+, is better formed using selected bases and only if these remain clustered until the end of the dehydration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Troiani
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies 'Sapienza' University of Rome P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Giulia de Petris
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies 'Sapienza' University of Rome P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Federico Pepi
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies 'Sapienza' University of Rome P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies 'Sapienza' University of Rome P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Chiara Salvitti
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies 'Sapienza' University of Rome P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Marzio Rosi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and CNR-ISTM University of Perugia Via Duranti 93 06125 Perugia Italy
| | - Andreina Ricci
- Department of Math. and Phys. University of Campania L. Vanvitelli Viale Lincoln 5 81100 Caserta Italy
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6
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Dias HJ, Baguenard M, Crevelin EJ, Palaretti V, Gates PJ, Vessecchi R, Crotti AEM. Gas-phase fragmentation reactions of protonated benzofuran- and dihydrobenzofuran-type neolignans investigated by accurate-mass electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:35-46. [PMID: 30362641 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated gas-phase fragmentation reactions of protonated benzofuran neolignans (BNs) and dihydrobenzofuran neolignans (DBNs) by accurate-mass electrospray ionization tandem and multiple-stage (MSn ) mass spectrometry combined with thermochemical data estimated by Computational Chemistry. Most of the protonated compounds fragment into product ions B ([M + H-MeOH]+ ), C ([B-MeOH]+ ), D ([C-CO]+ ), and E ([D-CO]+ ) upon collision-induced dissociation (CID). However, we identified a series of diagnostic ions and associated them with specific structural features. In the case of compounds displaying an acetoxy group at C-4, product ion C produces diagnostic ions K ([C-C2 H2 O]+ ), L ([K-CO]+ ), and P ([L-CO]+ ). Formation of product ions H ([D-H2 O]+ ) and M ([H-CO]+ ) is associated with the hydroxyl group at C-3 and C-3', whereas product ions N ([D-MeOH]+ ) and O ([N-MeOH]+ ) indicate a methoxyl group at the same positions. Finally, product ions F ([A-C2 H2 O]+ ), Q ([A-C3 H6 O2 ]+ ), I ([A-C6 H6 O]+ ), and J ([I-MeOH]+ ) for DBNs and product ion G ([B-C2 H2 O]+ ) for BNs diagnose a saturated bond between C-7' and C-8'. We used these structure-fragmentation relationships in combination with deuterium exchange experiments, MSn data, and Computational Chemistry to elucidate the gas-phase fragmentation pathways of these compounds. These results could help to elucidate DBN and BN metabolites in in vivo and in vitro studies on the basis of electrospray ionization ESI-CID-MS/MS data only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert J Dias
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Manon Baguenard
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Eduardo J Crevelin
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Palaretti
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paul J Gates
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Antônio E M Crotti
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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7
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Bouchoux G. Gas phase basicities of polyfunctional molecules. Part 6: Cyanides and isocyanides. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:533-564. [PMID: 28621817 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper gathers structural and thermochemical informations related to the gas-phase basicity of molecules containing cyanides (nitriles) and isocyanides (isonitriles) functional groups. It constitutes the sixth part of a general review devoted to gas-phase basicities of polyfunctional compounds. A large corpus of cyanides and isocyanides molecules is examined under seven major chapters. In the first one, a rapid overview of the definitions and methods leading to gas-phase basicity, GB, proton affinity, PA, and protonation entropy, Δp S°, is given. In the same chapter, several aspects of the gas phase chemistry of protonated cyanides and isocyanides are also presented. Chapters II-VI detail the protonation energetics of aliphatic, unsaturated, and heteroatom substituted (halogens, O, S, N, P) cyanides. A seventh chapter is devoted to isocyanides. Experimental data available in the literature (120 references) were reevaluated according to the presently adopted basicity scale that is the NIST database anchored to PA(NH3 ) = 853.6 kJ/mol and GB (NH3 ) = 819 kJ/mol. In this latter source, however, several erroneous values have been identified which were corrected in the present review. Structural and energetic information given by G4MP2 quantum chemistry computations on ca. 60 typical systems are presented. The present review includes the GB, PA, and Δp S° values of ca. 110 cyanides and isocyanides, and, for selected examples, is completed by a set of computed heats of formation (Δf H°) at 0 and 298 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Bouchoux
- Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Sud XI, ICMO, Orsay, France
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8
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Bouchoux G, Eckert-Maksic M. Gas phase basicities of polyfunctional molecules. Part 5: Non-aromatic sp 2 nitrogen containing compounds. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:139-170. [PMID: 27275644 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper constitutes the fifth part of a general review of the gas-phase protonation thermochemistry of polyfunctional molecules (Part 1: Theory and methods, Mass Spectrom Rev 2007, 26:775-835, Part 2: Saturated basic sites, Mass Spectrom Rev 2012, 31:353-390, Part 3: Amino acids, Mass Spectrom Rev 2012, 31:391-435, Part 4: Carbonyl as basic site, Mass Spectrom Rev 2015, 34:493-534). This part is devoted to non-aromatic molecules characterized by a lone pair located on a sp2 nitrogen atom, it embraces functional groups such as imines, amidines, guanidines, diazenes, hydrazines, oximes, and phosphazenes. Specific examples are examined under five major chapters. In the first one, aliphatic and unsaturated (conjugated and cyclic) imines, hydrazones, and oximes are considered. A second chapter describes the protonation energetic of aliphatic, conjugated, or cyclic amidines. Guanidines, polyguanides, and biomolecules containing guanidine were examined in the third chapter. A fourth chapter describes the particular case of the phosphazene molecules. Finally, diazenes and azides were considered in the last chapter. Experimental data were re-evaluated according to the presently adopted basicity scale, i.e., PA(NH3 ) = 853.6 kJ/mol, GB (NH3 ) = 819 kJ/mol. Structural and energetic information given by G4MP2 quantum chemistry computations on typical systems are presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:139-170, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Bouchoux
- Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, 91120, France
- Université Paris-Sud XI, ICMO, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Mirjana Eckert-Maksic
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, HR 1000, Croatia
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9
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Fahnhorst GW, Hoye TR. A Carbomethoxylated Polyvalerolactone from Malic Acid: Synthesis and Divergent Chemical Recycling. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:143-147. [PMID: 35610909 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis of a novel substituted polyvalerolactone from the renewable monomer, 4-carbomethoxyvalerolactone (CMVL, two steps from malic acid). The polymerization proceeds to high equilibrium monomer conversion to give the semicrystalline carbomethoxylated polyester with low dispersity. The material displays a glass transition temperature of -18 °C and two melting temperatures at 68 and 86 °C. This polymer can be chemically recycled by either of two independent pathways. The first (red) cleanly returns CMVL by a backbiting depolymerization from the hydroxy terminus; the second (blue) uses a base to cleave the polyester in a retro-oxa-Michael fashion. This affords a methacrylate-like monomer that we have polymerized radically to a new polymethacrylate analogue. This is a rare example of a polymer that has been shown to have two independent chemical recycling pathways leading to two different classes of monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant W. Fahnhorst
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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10
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Sémon E, Arvisenet G, Guichard E, Le Quéré JL. Modified proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) operating conditions for in vitro and in vivo analysis of wine aroma. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:65-77. [PMID: 28981178 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry standard operating conditions, analysis of alcoholic beverages is an analytical challenge. Ethanol reacts with the primary ion H3 O+ leading to its depletion and to formation of ethanol-related ions and clusters, resulting in unstable ionization and in significant fragmentation of analytes. Different methods were proposed but generally resulted in lowering the sensitivity and/or complicating the mass spectra. The aim of the present study was to propose a simple, sensitive, and reliable method with fragmentation as low as possible, linearity within a realistic range of volatile organic compounds concentrations, and applicability to in vivo dynamic aroma release (nosespace) studies of wines. For in vitro analyses, a reference flask containing a hydro-alcoholic solution (10% ethanol) was permanently connected to the PTR-MS inlet in order to establish ethanol chemical ionization conditions. A low electric field strength to number density ratio E/N (80 Td) was used in the drift-tube. A stable reagent ion distribution was obtained with the primary protonated ethanol ion C2 H5 OH2+ accounting for more than 80% of the ionized species. The ethanol dimer (C2 H5 OH)2 H+ accounted for only 10%. Fragmentation of some aroma molecules important for white wine flavor (various esters, linalool, cis-rose oxide, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, and 2-phenylethanol) was studied from same ethanol content solutions connected alternatively with the reference solution to the instrument inlet. Linear dynamic range and limit of detection (LOD) were determined for ethyl hexanoate. Fragmentation of the protonated analytes was limited to a few ions of low intensity, or to specific fragment ions with no further fragmentation. Association and/or ligand switching reactions from ethanol clusters were only significant for the primary alcohols. Interpretation of the mass spectra was straightforward with easy detection of diagnostic ions. These results made this ethanol ionization method suitable for direct headspace analyses of model wines and to their nosespace analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Sémon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
- ChemoSens Platform, CSGA, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëlle Arvisenet
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Elisabeth Guichard
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Le Quéré
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
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11
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Holmes JL, van Huizen NA, Burgers PC. Proton affinities and ion enthalpies. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2017; 23:341-350. [PMID: 29183197 PMCID: PMC6134689 DOI: 10.1177/1469066717728451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Proton affinities of a number of alkyl acetates (CH3-C(=O)-OR) and of methyl alkanoates (R-C(=O)-OCH3, R=H, alkyl) have been assembled from the literature or measured using the kinetic method. It was observed that the proton affinities for the isomeric species CH3-C(=O)-OR and R-C(=O)-OCH3 are almost identical, an unexpected result as the charge in these protonated ester molecules is largely at the keto carbon atom and so this site should be more sensitive to alkyl substitution. Analysis of the data, including those from lone pair ionisation and core-electron ionisation experiments available from the literature, indicate that after protonation, extensive charge relaxation (or polarisation) takes place (as is also the case, according to the literature, after core-electron ionisation). By contrast, after lone pair ionisation, which results in radical cations, such relaxation processes are relatively less extensive. As a consequence, changes in ion enthalpies of these protonated molecules follow more closely the changes in neutral enthalpies, compared with changes in enthalpies of the corresponding radical cations, formed by electron detachment. Preliminary analyses of published energetic data indicate that the above finding for organic esters may well be another example of a more general phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Holmes
- Department of Chemistry and Biological
Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nick A van Huizen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of
Neuro-Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical
Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter C Burgers
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of
Neuro-Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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12
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Dias HJ, Stefani R, Tomaz JC, Vessecchi R, Crotti AEM. Differentiation between 3,4- and 4,15-Epoxyeudesmanolides by Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:7921867. [PMID: 29234552 PMCID: PMC5695018 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7921867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the fragmentation of the eudesmanolide-type sesquiterpene lactones 1α-(4-hydroxymethacryloyloxy)-3α,4α-epoxy-8α-hydroxyeudesm-11(13)-6α,12-olide (1) and 1α-(2,3-epoxyangeloyloxy)-4α,15-epoxy-8α-hydroxyeudesm-11(13)-6α,12-olide (2) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The elimination of the different ester substituent at C(1) directly from protonated 1 and 2 (A) led to the formation of two regioisomer product ions B (A - RCO2H). Further fragmentation of B resulted from consecutive eliminations of H2O and CO molecules. However, we identified four product ions that allowed for the differentiation between 3,4- and 4,15-epoxyeudesmanolides. The formation of these diagnostic ions was associated with the C(3)-O bond of compound 1, which propitiates the participation of the lone pair of the oxygen epoxide in the formation of B through a Grob-Wharton-type fragmentation, then resulting in an alternative fragmentation pathway. These data can be useful for the fast differentiation between epoxyeudesmanolide regioisomers directly from Dimerostemma extracts by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), as an alternative to NMR, or even for quantitation studies of these compounds using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Júnior Dias
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Stefani
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Araguaia, MT, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tomaz
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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13
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Pedraza-González L, Charry J, Quintero W, Alí-Torres J, Reyes A. Fast and accurate prediction of proton affinities: revisiting the extended Koopmans' theorem for protons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25324-25333. [PMID: 28890980 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04936f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work we propose schemes based on the extended Koopmans' theorem for quantum nuclei (eKT), in the framework of the any particle molecular orbital approach (APMO/KT), for the quantitative prediction of gas phase proton affinities (PAs). The performance of these schemes has been tested on a set of 300 organic molecules containing diverse functional groups. The APMO/KT scheme scaled by functional group (APMO/KT-SC-FG) displays an overall mean absolute error of 1.1 kcal mol-1 with respect to experimental data. Its performance in PA calculations is similar to that of post-Hartree-Fock composite methods or that of the APMO second order proton propagator (APMO/PP2) approach. The APMO/KT-SC-FG scheme is also employed to predict PAs of polyfunctional molecules such as the Nerve Agent VX and the 20 common α-amino acids, finding excellent agreement with available theoretical and/or experimental data. The accuracy of the predictions demonstrates that the APMO/KT-SC-FG scheme is a low-cost alternative to adiabatic methods for the calculation of accurate PAs. One of the most appealing features of the APMO/KT-SC-FG scheme, is that PAs can be derived from one single-point APMO Hartree-Fock calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pedraza-González
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av. Cra 30 # 45-03, Bogotá, Colombia.
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14
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Raczyńska ED, Gal JF, Maria PC. The guanylated bioamine agmatine – A theoretical investigation of its structure and exceptional high basicity in the gas phase. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Wellman SMJ, Jockusch RA. Tuning the Intrinsic Photophysical Properties of Chlorophylla. Chemistry 2017; 23:7728-7736. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney M. J. Wellman
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Rebecca A. Jockusch
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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16
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Li H, Jiang J, Luo Y. Identification of the protonation site of gaseous triglycine: the cis-peptide bond conformation as the global minimum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15030-15038. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01997a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive ab initio investigations have been performed to characterize stable conformers of protonated triglycine (GGGH) in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
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17
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Kaupmees K, Järviste R, Leito I. Basicity of Very Weak Bases in 1,2-Dichloroethane. Chemistry 2016; 22:17445-17449. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kaupmees
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Robert Järviste
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
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18
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Raczyńska ED, Gal JF, Maria PC. Enhanced Basicity of Push-Pull Nitrogen Bases in the Gas Phase. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13454-13511. [PMID: 27739663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen bases containing one or more pushing amino-group(s) directly linked to a pulling cyano, imino, or phosphoimino group, as well as those in which the pushing and pulling moieties are separated by a conjugated spacer (C═X)n, where X is CH or N, display an exceptionally strong basicity. The n-π conjugation between the pushing and pulling groups in such systems lowers the basicity of the pushing amino-group(s) and increases the basicity of the pulling cyano, imino, or phosphoimino group. In the gas phase, most of the so-called push-pull nitrogen bases exhibit a very high basicity. This paper presents an analysis of the exceptional gas-phase basicity, mostly in terms of experimental data, in relation with structure and conjugation of various subfamilies of push-pull nitrogen bases: nitriles, azoles, azines, amidines, guanidines, vinamidines, biguanides, and phosphazenes. The strong basicity of biomolecules containing a push-pull nitrogen substructure, such as bioamines, amino acids, and peptides containing push-pull side chains, nucleobases, and their nucleosides and nucleotides, is also analyzed. Progress and perspectives of experimental determinations of GBs and PAs of highly basic compounds, termed as "superbases", are presented and benchmarked on the basis of theoretical calculations on existing or hypothetical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa D Raczyńska
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW) , ul. Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jean-François Gal
- Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN) - UMR CNRS 7272, University Nice Sophia Antipolis , Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Pierre-Charles Maria
- Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN) - UMR CNRS 7272, University Nice Sophia Antipolis , Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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19
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Batoon P, Ren J. Proton Affinity of Isomeric Dipeptides Containing Lysine and Non-Proteinogenic Lysine Homologues. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7783-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Batoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific
Avenue, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Jianhua Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific
Avenue, Stockton, California 95211, United States
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20
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Martínez-Cifuentes M, Clavijo-Allancan G, Zuñiga-Hormazabal P, Aranda B, Barriga A, Weiss-López B, Araya-Maturana R. Protonation Sites, Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Computational Calculations of o-Carbonyl Carbazolequinone Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071071. [PMID: 27399676 PMCID: PMC4964447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of a new type of tetracyclic carbazolequinones incorporating a carbonyl group at the ortho position relative to the quinone moiety was synthesized and analyzed by tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS-MS), using Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID) to dissociate the protonated species. Theoretical parameters such as molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), local Fukui functions and local Parr function for electrophilic attack as well as proton affinity (PA) and gas phase basicity (GB), were used to explain the preferred protonation sites. Transition states of some main fragmentation routes were obtained and the energies calculated at density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP level were compared with the obtained by ab initio quadratic configuration interaction with single and double excitation (QCISD). The results are in accordance with the observed distribution of ions. The nature of the substituents in the aromatic ring has a notable impact on the fragmentation routes of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Martínez-Cifuentes
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Casilla 9845, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Graciela Clavijo-Allancan
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Pamela Zuñiga-Hormazabal
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Braulio Aranda
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Andrés Barriga
- Unidad de Espectrometría de Masas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Casilla 233, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Boris Weiss-López
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Casilla 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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Morrison LJ, Brodbelt JS. Charge site assignment in native proteins by ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) mass spectrometry. Analyst 2016; 141:166-76. [PMID: 26596460 PMCID: PMC4679510 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01819f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of all gas-phase charge sites of natively sprayed proteins and peptides is demonstrated using 193 nm UVPD. The high sequence coverage offered by UVPD is exploited for the accurate determination of charge sites in protein systems up to 18 kDa, allowing charge site to be studied as a function of protein conformation and the presence of disulfide bonds. Charging protons are found on both basic sidechains and on the amide backbone of less basic amino acids such as serine, glutamine, and proline. UVPD analysis was performed on the 3+ charge state of melittin, the 5+ to 8+ charge states of ubiquitin, and the 8+ charge state of reduced and oxidized β-lactoglobulin. The location of charges in gas-phase proteins is known to impact structure; molecular modeling of different charge site motifs of 3+ melittin demonstrates how placement of protons in simulations can dramatically impact the predicted structure of the molecule. The location of positive charge sites in ubiquitin and β-lactoglobulin are additionally found to depend on the presence or absence of salt-bridges, columbic repulsion across the length of the peptide, and protein conformation. Charge site isomers are demonstrated for ubiquitin and β-lactoglobulin but found to be much less numerous than previously predicted.
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Riffet V, Bouchoux G, Frison G. Microhydration of Protonated Nα-Acetylhistidine: A Theoretical Approach. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:11527-39. [PMID: 26252717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Extensive exploration of the potential energy surfaces of protonated Nα-acetylhistidine hydrated by 0-3 molecules of water was performed. The methodology combined hierarchical and genealogical (Darwin family tree) approaches using polarizable AMOEBA force field and M06 functional. It is demonstrated that this mixed approach allows recovering a larger number of conformers than the number recovered by using any one of the two methods alone. Hydration enthalpies of protonated Nα-acetylhistidine and of model compounds have been computed using higher theoretical methods, up to the G4MP2 procedure. Excellent agreement with experiment is observed for successive hydration of methylamonium and imidazolium cations using MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p)//M06/6-311++G(d,p) and G4MP2 methods, thereby validating the theory levels used for hydrated protonated Nα-acetylhistidine. It is found that the first hydration enthalpy of protonated Nα-acetylhistidine is ca. 10 kJ mol(-1) lower than that of imidazolium, a result explained by the local environment of the positively charged imidazolium moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Riffet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique and CNRS , 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Guy Bouchoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique and CNRS , 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Gilles Frison
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique and CNRS , 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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