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Tilly J, Pervaje AK, Inglefield DL, Santiso EE, Spontak RJ, Khan SA. Spectroscopic and Rheological Cross-Analysis of Polyester Polyol Cure Behavior: Role of Polyester Secondary Hydroxyl Content. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:932-939. [PMID: 31459369 PMCID: PMC6648518 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The sol-gel transition of a series of polyester polyol resins possessing varied secondary hydroxyl content and reacted with a polymerized aliphatic isocyanate cross-linking agent is studied to elucidate the effect of molecular architecture on cure behavior. Dynamic rheology is utilized in conjunction with time-resolved variable-temperature Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to examine the relationship between chemical conversion and microstructural evolution as functions of both time and temperature. The onset of a percolated microstructure is identified for all resins, and apparent activation energies extracted from Arrhenius analyses of gelation and average reaction kinetics are found to depend on the secondary hydroxyl content in the polyester polyols. The similarity between these two activation energies is explored. Gel point suppression is observed in all the resin systems examined, resulting in significant deviations from the classical gelation theory of Flory and Stockmayer. The magnitude of these deviations depends on secondary hydroxyl content, and a qualitative model is proposed to explain the observed phenomena, which are consistent with results previously reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph
C. Tilly
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of
Materials Science & Engineering, North
Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Amulya K. Pervaje
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of
Materials Science & Engineering, North
Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David L. Inglefield
- Eastman
Chemical Company, 200 South Wilcox Dr., Kingsport, Tennessee 37662, United States
| | - Erik E. Santiso
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of
Materials Science & Engineering, North
Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Richard J. Spontak
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of
Materials Science & Engineering, North
Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Saad A. Khan
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of
Materials Science & Engineering, North
Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Lyu J, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Greiser U, Tai H, Wang W. Can Flory-Stockmayer theory be applied to predict conventional free radical polymerization of multivinyl monomers? A study via Monte Carlo simulations. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Aota H. Development of a variety of novel polymers originated from multiallyl cross-linking polymerization. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/1568555042474095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Katahira C, Morishita N, Ikeda JI, Lim PB, Inoue M, Iwasaki Y, Aota H, Matsumoto A. Mechanistic discussion of cationic crosslinking copolymerizations of 1,2-epoxycyclohexane with diepoxide crosslinkers accompanied by intramolecular and intermolecular chain transfer reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Miwa Y, Inoue S, Enomoto T, Aota H. Discussion of “Greatly Delayed Gelation from Theory in Free-Radical Cross-Linking Multivinyl Polymerization Accompanied by Microgel Formation” Based on Multiallyl Polymerization. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100824j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering & High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yuta Miwa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering & High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering & High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Takashi Enomoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering & High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aota
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering & High Technology Research Center, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
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Novel flexible network polymers consisting of oligomeric primary polymer chains originated in the mechanistic discussion of multiallyl crosslinking polymerization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-006-0595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Thermodynamic, morphological, mechanical and fracture properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) modified divinylester(DVE)/styrene(St) thermosets. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Kumada K, Ichiryu Y, Aota H, Shiraki K, Iwata T. Further discussion on the estimation of primary polymer chain length of vinyl-type network polymers based on the thermal decomposition of azo crosslinks. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Influence of structural parameters on the degradation of ultrahigh-molecular-weight vinyl-type network-polymer precursors during elution through size exclusion chromatography columns. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Ueda A, Aota H, Ikeda JI. Effect of hydrogen bonds on intermolecular crosslinking reaction by introduction of carboxyl groups in free-radical crosslinking monomethacrylate/dimethacrylate copolymerizations. Eur Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(02)00055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Hirao C, Miyata K, Aota H, Takayama Y, Toridome H. Further Discussion of the Specific Polymerization Behavior of Triallyl Isocyanurate. Enhanced Occurrence of Intermolecular Crosslinking at an Early Stage of Polymerization. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Asai S, Shimizu S, Aota H. Free-radical cross-linking polymerization of unsymmetrical divinyl compounds 2. Steric effect on gelation in the copolymerizations of allyl methacrylate with several alkyl methacrylates. Eur Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(01)00269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Oe H, Aota H. Degradation of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Poly(styrene-co-m-divinylbenzene)s as Network-Polymer Precursors in SEC Columns. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Characterization of precursors of crosslinked polymers in the free-radical crosslinking copolymerization of benzyl methacrylate with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Eur Polym J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(00)00087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Ohashi T, Oe H, Aota H, Ikeda JI. Amphiphilic polymethacrylates as crosslinked polymer precursors obtained by free-radical monomethacrylate/dimethacrylate copolymerizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0518(20001215)38:24<4396::aid-pola80>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Matsumoto A, Taniguchi A. Approach to Ideal Network Formation in Free-Radical Crosslinking Copolymerization of Benzyl Acrylate with 1,6-Hexanediol Diacrylate. Polym J 1999. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.31.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Aota H, Sanai Y, Matsumoto A, Kamachi M. Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopic Pursuit of Network Formation Processes in Free-Radical Crosslinking Polymerizations I. Microscopic Environmental Evaluation around Copper(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin Spin Probe Incorporated into or Excluded from Polymer Network in Methyl Methacrylate-Ethylene Dimethacrylate Copolymerization. Polym J 1996. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.28.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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