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1
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Macko T, Arndt JH, Yu Y, Brüll R. Temperature gradient interaction chromatography of linear polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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2
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Yu Y, McKenna TFL, Boisson C, Lacerda Miranda MS, Martins O. Engineering Poly(ethylene-co-1-butene) through Modulating the Active Species by Alkylaluminum. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Timothy F. L. McKenna
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Boisson
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Olavo Martins
- Braskem SA, Global Catalysis, I&T E&P, 95853-000 Triunfo, Brazil
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3
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Ndiripo A, Albrecht A, Pasch H. Improving chromatographic separation of polyolefins on porous graphitic carbon stationary phases: effects of adsorption promoting solvent and column length. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17942-17950. [PMID: 35517227 PMCID: PMC9053593 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00509f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromatographic separation of complex polyolefins on porous graphitic carbon stationary phases is strongly influenced by the composition of the mobile phase. Of particular interest is the effect of the chemical structure of the adsorption promoting solvent as this component of the mobile phase determines the adsorption–desorption behavior of the polyolefin molecules. In a systematic study, alkyl alcohols and linear alkanes are used as adsorption promoting solvents and the effect of the molecules' carbon chain length on chromatographic resolution is investigated. As representative examples, solvent gradient interaction chromatography experiments on polypropylene stereoisomers and ethylene-co-1-octene copolymers are presented. In a further study, the effect of increasing chromatographic column length on the solvent gradient separation of ethylene-co-1-octene copolymers is investigated. In summary, it is shown that the polypropylene stereoisomers are retained in 1-octanol as well as in n-decane and n-dodecane, allowing for identification of the individual stereoisomers in complex blends. For ethylene-co-1-octene copolymers it is shown that separation improves with increasing carbon chain length of the adsorption promoting solvent. Maximum resolution is obtained when a column length of 300 mm is used with 1-dodecanol as the adsorption promoting solvent. The chromatographic separation of complex polyolefins on porous graphitic carbon stationary phases is strongly influenced by the composition of the mobile phase.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ndiripo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Andreas Albrecht
- Borealis Polyolefine GmbH St. Peter-Strasse 25 Linz 4021 Austria
| | - Harald Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa
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4
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Ndiripo A, Albrecht A, Pasch H. Advanced Liquid Chromatography of Polyolefins Using Simultaneous Solvent and Temperature Gradients. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7325-7333. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ndiripo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, P. O. Box X1,7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Andreas Albrecht
- Borealis Polyolefine GmbH, St. Peter-Strasse 25, Linz 4021, Austria
| | - Harald Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, P. O. Box X1,7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
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5
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Sigwinta M, Ndiripo A, Wewers F, Pasch H. Deformulation of commercial linear low‐density polyethylene resins by advanced fractionation and analysis. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mawande Sigwinta
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer ScienceUniversity of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa
- Department of ChemistryCape Peninsula University of Technology Bellville South Africa
| | - Anthony Ndiripo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer ScienceUniversity of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Francois Wewers
- Department of ChemistryCape Peninsula University of Technology Bellville South Africa
| | - Harald Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer ScienceUniversity of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa
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6
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Kot D, Macko T, Arndt JH, Brüll R. Porous graphite as platform for the separation and characterization of synthetic polymers – an overview. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1606:360038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Ndiripo A, Eselem Bungu PS, Pasch H. Comprehensive branching analysis of polyethylene by combined fractionation and thermal analysis. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ndiripo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science; University of Stellenbosch; Stellenbosch South Africa
| | | | - Harald Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science; University of Stellenbosch; Stellenbosch South Africa
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8
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Prasongsuksakul S, Anantawaraskul S, Soares JBP. Mathematical Modeling of Multiple High Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography (m-HT-TGIC) for Ethylene/1-Olefin Copolymer Blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201700061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siwakorn Prasongsuksakul
- Faculty of Engineering; Department of Chemical Engineering; Center of Excellence on Petrochemicals and Materials Technology; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Siripon Anantawaraskul
- Faculty of Engineering; Department of Chemical Engineering; Center of Excellence on Petrochemicals and Materials Technology; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 1H9 Canada
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9
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Santonja-Blasco L, Rungswang W, Alamo RG. Characterization and Morphological Distribution of Ethylene Content in Impact Propylene Copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201700046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santonja-Blasco
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department; FAMU/FSU College of Engineering; 2525 Pottsdamer St. Tallahassee FL 32310-6046 USA
| | - Wonchalerm Rungswang
- SCG Chemicals Co., Ltd; Siam Cement Group (SCG); 10 I-1 Road, Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate Muang District Rayong Province 21150 Thailand
| | - Rufina G. Alamo
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department; FAMU/FSU College of Engineering; 2525 Pottsdamer St. Tallahassee FL 32310-6046 USA
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10
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Santonja-Blasco L, Rungswang W, Alamo RG. Influence of Chain Microstructure on Liquid–Liquid Phase Structure and Crystallization of Dual Reactor Ziegler–Natta Made Impact Propylene–Ethylene Copolymers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santonja-Blasco
- Chemical
and Biomedical Engineering Department, FAMU/FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
| | - Wonchalerm Rungswang
- Siam
Cement Group (SCG), SCG Chemicals Co., Ltd., 10 I-1 Road, Map Ta Phut Industrial
Estate, Map Ta Phut, Rayong
Province 21150, Thailand
| | - Rufina G. Alamo
- Chemical
and Biomedical Engineering Department, FAMU/FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
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11
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Eselem Bungu PS, Pasch H. Comprehensive analysis of branched polyethylene: the multiple preparative fractionation concept. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00893g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A concept for the comprehensive analysis of branched polyethylene is developed where a multiple fractionation protocol is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. S. Eselem Bungu
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science
- University of Stellenbosch
- 7602 Matieland
- South Africa
| | - H. Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science
- University of Stellenbosch
- 7602 Matieland
- South Africa
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12
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Al-Khazaal AZ, Soares JBP. Joint Effect of Poly(ethyhlene-co-1-octene) Chain Length and 1-Octene Fraction on High-Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaal Z. Al-Khazaal
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
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13
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Separating effective high density polyethylene segments from olefin block copolymers using high temperature liquid chromatography with a preloaded discrete adsorption promoting solvent barrier. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1465:107-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Zhou Z, Miller MD, Lee D, Cong R, Klinker C, Huang T, Li Pi Shan C, Winniford B, deGroot AW, Fan L, Karjala T, Beshah K. NMR Study of the Separation Mechanism of Polyethylene–Octene Block Copolymer by HT-LC with Graphite. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zhou
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - M. D. Miller
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - D. Lee
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - R. Cong
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - C. Klinker
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - T. Huang
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - C. Li Pi Shan
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - B. Winniford
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - A. W. deGroot
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - L. Fan
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - T. Karjala
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - K. Beshah
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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15
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Inwong N, Anantawaraskul S, Soares JBP, Al- Khazaal AZ. High Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography (HT-TGIC) of Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymers: Model Development and Validation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201500040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nantiya Inwong
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Siripon Anantawaraskul
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
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16
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Al-Khazaal AZ, Soares JBP. Effect of Column Type on Polyolefin Fractionation by High-Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201400202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaal Z. Al-Khazaal
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2V4
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17
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18
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Inwong N, Anantawaraskul S, Soares JBP, Al-Khazaal AZ. High Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography (HT-TGIC) for Blends of Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymers: A Mathematical Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nantiya Inwong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Siripon Anantawaraskul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kasetsart University; Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
| | - Abdulaal Z. Al-Khazaal
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
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19
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Mekap D, Malz F, Brüll R, Zhou Z, Cong R, deGroot AW, Parrott AR. Studying the Interactions of Polyethylene with Graphite in the Presence of Solvent by High Temperature Thermal Gradient Interactive Chromatography, Thermal Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, and Solution Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5017902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Mekap
- Division
Plastics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F. Malz
- Division
Plastics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R. Brüll
- Division
Plastics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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20
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Mekap D, Macko T, Brüll R, Cong R, deGroot AW, Parrott AR. Studying Binary Solvent Mixtures as Mobile Phase for Thermal Gradient Interactive Chromatography (TGIC) of Poly(ethylene-stat-1-octene). Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie502423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyaranjan Mekap
- Division Plastics,
Group Material Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tibor Macko
- Division Plastics,
Group Material Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Brüll
- Division Plastics,
Group Material Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rongjuan Cong
- Performance
Plastics
Characterization and Testing Group, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport
Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - A. Willem deGroot
- Performance
Plastics
Characterization and Testing Group, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport
Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Albert R. Parrott
- Performance
Plastics
Characterization and Testing Group, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport
Boulevard, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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21
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Monrabal B, Romero L. Separation of Polypropylene Polymers by Crystallization and Adsorption Techniques. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loli Romero
- Polymer Char, c/Gustave Eiffel 8; E-46980 Paterna Spain
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22
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Al-Khazaal AZ, Soares JBP. Characterization of Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymers Using High-Temperature Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaal Z. Al-Khazaal
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1
| | - João B. P. Soares
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta Canada T8G 2R3
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23
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Monrabal B, López E, Romero L. Advances in Thermal Gradient Interaction Chromatography and Crystallization Techniques for Composition Analysis in Polyolefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther López
- Polymer Char; c/ Gustave Eiffel 8; E-46980; Paterna; Spain
| | - Loli Romero
- Polymer Char; c/ Gustave Eiffel 8; E-46980; Paterna; Spain
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24
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Polyolefin Characterization: Recent Advances in Separation Techniques. POLYOLEFINS: 50 YEARS AFTER ZIEGLER AND NATTA I 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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