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Stimuli-Responsive Poly(aspartamide) Derivatives and Their Applications as Drug Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168817. [PMID: 34445521 PMCID: PMC8396293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(aspartamide) derivatives, one kind of amino acid-based polymers with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, meet the key requirements for application in various areas of biomedicine. Poly(aspartamide) derivatives with stimuli-responsiveness can usually respond to external stimuli to change their chemical or physical properties. Using external stimuli such as temperature and pH as switches, these smart poly(aspartamide) derivatives can be used for convenient drug loading and controlled release. Here, we review the synthesis strategies for preparing these stimuli-responsive poly(aspartamide) derivatives and the latest developments in their applications as drug carriers.
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Adelnia H, Tran HDN, Little PJ, Blakey I, Ta HT. Poly(aspartic acid) in Biomedical Applications: From Polymerization, Modification, Properties, Degradation, and Biocompatibility to Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2083-2105. [PMID: 33797239 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) is an anionic polypeptide that is a highly versatile, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer that fulfils key requirements for use in a wide variety of biomedical applications. The derivatives of PASP can be readily tailored via the amine-reactive precursor, poly(succinimide) (PSI), which opens up a large window of opportunity for the design and development of novel biomaterials. PASP also has a strong affinity with calcium ions, resulting in complexation, which has been exploited for bone targeting and biomineralization. In addition, recent studies have further verified the biocompatibility and biodegradability of PASP-based polymers, which is attributed to their protein-like structure. In light of growing interest in PASP and its derivatives, this paper presents a comprehensive review on their synthesis, characterization, modification, biodegradation, biocompatibility, and applications in biomedical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Adelnia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4012, Australia
| | - Huong D N Tran
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4012, Australia.,Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Queensland 4575, Australia
| | - Idriss Blakey
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Hang T Ta
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.,School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 411, Australia
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