1
|
Xu C, Tang Y, Yang H, Jiang S, Peng W, Xie R. Harpagide inhibits the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in rat articular chondrocytes by the glycolytic pathways for alleviating osteoarthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111406. [PMID: 38142643 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) causes severe and functional dysfunction due to abnormal inflammation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Harpagide (HPG) on TNF-α-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. The effect of HPG on the proliferation of rat chondrocytes was studied. The anti-inflammatory effect of HPG and its molecular mechanisms were elucidated by qPCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, metabolome analysis in vitro. In addition, the OA rat model was established, and the effect of HPG on OA was verified in vivo. We revealed 10 μM HPG demonstrated biocompatibility. The results demonstrated that HPG restored the upregulation of MMP-13, COX2, IL-1β and IL-6 induced by TNF-α. Moreover, HPG reversed TNF-α induced degradation of the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. TNF-α treatment induced down-regulation of the mRNA/protein levels of proliferative markers Bcl2, CDK1 and Cyclin D1 were also recovered. HPG can inhibit TNF-α-induced inflammatory response through glycolytic metabolic pathways. HPG can restore TNF-α-induced upregulation of GRP78/IRE1α, and downregulation of AMPK proteins. In vivo experiments demonstrated that after HPG treatment, the appearance and physiological structure of articular cartilage were more integrated with highly organized chondrocytes and rich cartilage matrix compared with OA group. Finally, the molecular docking of HPG and selected key factors in glycolysis results showed that HPG had good binding potential with PFKM, PFKP, PFKFB3, PKM, HK2, and PFKL. In conclusion, the results shown HPG protects and activates chondrocytes, inhibits TNF-α-induced inflammatory response by glycolysis pathway in rat articular chondrocytes, and plays a role in the treatment of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Yuchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Shuping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weijie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang D, Guo Y, Li X, Pan M, Liu J, Zhang W, Mai K. Vitamin D 3/VDR inhibits inflammation through NF-κB pathway accompanied by resisting apoptosis and inducing autophagy in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:885-906. [PMID: 34637036 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is believed to be a contributing factor to innate immunity. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has a positive effect on inhibiting nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, particularly in mollusks. Consequently, this study will investigate the process of vitamin D3/VDR regulating NF-κB pathway and further explore their functions on inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Results showed that knockdown of VDR by using siRNA and dsRNA of VDR in vitro and in vivo led to more intense response of NF-κB signaling to lipopolysaccharide and higher level of apoptosis and autophagy. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulation after VDR silencing could partially alleviate apoptosis and induce autophagy. Overexpression of VDR restricted the K48-polyubiquitin chain-dependent inhibitor of κB (IκB) ubiquitination and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) oligomerization. Besides, VDR silencing resulted in increase of ASC speck formation. In further mechanistic studies, we showed that VDR can directly bind to IκB and IKK1 in vitro and in vivo. In the feeding trial, H&E staining, TUNEL, and electron microscope results showed that vitamin D3 deficiency (0 IU/kg) could recruit more basophilic cells and increase more TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells and lipid droplets (LDs) than vitamin D3 supplement (1000 IU/kg and 5000 IU/kg). In summary, abalone VDR plays a negative regulator role in NF-κB-mediated inflammation via interacting with IκB and inhibiting ubiquitin-dependent degradation of IκB. Vitamin D3 in combination with VDR is essential to establish a delicate balance between autophagy and apoptosis in response to inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanlin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mingzhu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jiahuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu Y, Zhang B, Lu P, Wang J, Chen C, Yin Y, Wan Q, Wang J, Jiao J, Fang X, Pu Z, Gong L, Ji L, Zhu L, Zhang R, Zhang J, Yang X, Wang Q, Huang Z, Zou J. The positive regulatory loop of TCF4N/p65 promotes glioblastoma tumourigenesis and chemosensitivity. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1042. [PMID: 36116131 PMCID: PMC9482802 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NF‐κB signaling is widely linked to the pathogenesis and treatment resistance in cancers. Increasing attention has been paid to its anti‐oncogenic roles, due to its key functions in cellular senescence and the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Therefore, thoroughly understanding the function and regulation of NF‐κB in cancers is necessary prior to the application of NF‐κB inhibitors. Methods We established glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines expressing ectopic TCF4N, an isoform of the β‐catenin interacting transcription factor TCF7L2, and evaluated its functions in GBM tumorigenesis and chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. In p65 knock‐out or phosphorylation mimic (S536D) cell lines, the dual role and correlation of TCF4N and NF‐κB signaling in promoting tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity was investigated by in vitro and in vivo functional experiments. RNA‐seq and computational analysis, immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assay, minigene splicing assay and luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify the underlying mechanism of positive feedback regulation loop between TCF4N and the p65 subunit of NF‐κB. A eukaryotic cell‐penetrating peptide targeting TCF4N, 4N, was used to confirm the therapeutic significance. Results Our results indicated that p65 subunit phosphorylation at Ser 536 (S536) and nuclear accumulation was a promising prognostic marker for GBM, and endowed the dual functions of NF‐κB in promoting tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity. p65 S536 phosphorylation and nuclear stability in GBM was regulated by TCF4N. TCF4N bound p65, induced p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, inhibited its ubiquitination/degradation, and subsequently promoted NF‐κB activity. p65 S536 phosphorylation was essential for TCF4N‐led senescence‐independent SASP, GBM tumorigenesis, tumor stem‐like cell differentiation and chemosensitivity. Activation of p65 was closely connected to alterative splicing of TCF4N, a likely positive feedback regulation loop between TCF4N and p65 in GBM. 4N increased chemosensitivity, highlighting a novel anti‐cancer strategy. Conclusion Our study defined key roles of TCF4N as a novel regulator of NF‐κB through mutual regulation with p65 and provided a new avenue for GBM inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peihua Lu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Taixing People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiantong Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhening Pu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingli Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingpeng Zhu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Treatment with Commelina communis Extract Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Murine Macrophages via Modulation of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2028514. [PMID: 35250385 PMCID: PMC8894075 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2028514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of severe inflammatory diseases caused by chronic inflammation has increased owing to unprecedented changes brought about by industrialization. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of treatment of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced murine macrophages with Commelina communis Linne extract (CCE) on synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), hypersecretion of proinflammatory cytokines, intranuclear transition of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor- (NF-) κB, and degradation of the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα. Notably, CCE treatment did not affect cell viability even at a final concentration of 1.5 mg/mL. At a high concentration of CCE, the LPS-induced high levels of NO, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6 were decreased via downregulation of inducible NO synthase and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression. Furthermore, phosphorylation of IκBα was significantly decreased upon CCE treatment, and the intranuclear transition of NF-κB p65 triggered by LPS was inhibited at a high concentration of CCE. Polyphenols and flavonoids, secondary metabolites in CCE that regulate the NF-κB pathway, may be responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity. We suggest that CCE has anti-inflammatory effects related to suppression of the NF-κB pathway and can be used to treat chronic inflammation.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou X, Ke C, Lv Y, Ren C, Lin T, Dong F, Mi Y. Asiaticoside suppresses cell proliferation by inhibiting the NF‑κB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1525-1537. [PMID: 32945376 PMCID: PMC7447327 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality. Asiaticoside (AC) exhibits antitumor effects; however, to the best of our knowledge, the biological function of AC in CRC cells remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of AC on CRC cells. In the present study, CCK-8 and colony formation assays were performed to assess the effects of AV on human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480 and LoVo). Mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by JC-1 staining. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were monitored by flow cytometry, and the expression of genes was evaluated using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, the biological effect of AC in vivo was detected using a xenograft mouse model. The findings revealed that 2 µM AC suppressed the proliferation of CRC cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, but had no adverse effects on normal human intestinal FHC cells at a range of concentrations. AC decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased the apoptosis of CRC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AC induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. AC attenuated IκBα phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, thereby preventing P65 from entering the nucleus, and resulting in inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, AC significantly reduced the expression of CDK4 and Cyclin D1 in a dose-dependent manner, significantly upregulated the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and decreased the Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio. Furthermore, treatment with the NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor JSH-23 significantly increased the cytotoxicity of AC in CRC cells. Findings of the xenograft mice model experiments revealed that AC significantly inhibited colorectal tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, AC suppressed activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by downregulating IκBα phosphorylation. This resulted in inhibition of CRC cell viability and an increase of cell apoptosis, which may form the basis of AC use in the treatment of patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Ke
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - You Lv
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Ren
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Tiansheng Lin
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Mi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin N, Yao Z, Xu L, Xu M, Yuan L, Zhuang H, Lin Y, Xu R. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells utilize the notch signaling pathway to induce apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells via NF-κB sensor. Biol Chem 2020; 401:505-515. [PMID: 31527287 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at evaluating the mechanism by which functionality of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is modulated by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Induction of apoptosis in HSCs was found to be caused by directly co-culturing HSCs with BMSCs, where the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) increased significantly in HSCs, along with an increase in their proliferation rate. Additionally, expression of Hes1 and Notch1 in HSCs co-cultured with BMSCs increased significantly at both protein and mRNA levels. Blocking of the notch signaling pathway (NSP) either by Notch1 siRNA or by DAPT treatment increased the proliferation rate while decreasing apoptosis and led to activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in HSCs co-cultured with BMSCs. These effects were found to be reversed in HSCs overexpressing IκB S32/S36 mutants. The Notch signaling-mediated cell-cell contact was partially involved in the significant inhibition of proliferation of HSCs by BMSCs. Additionally, the NF-κB pathway was found to be responsible for NSP-mediated inhibition of growth of HSCs in the co-culture system. Thus, BMSCs might have a potential therapeutic significance in treating hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lin
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linan Xu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyun Zhuang
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Kashi Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Kashi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruiyun Xu
- Department of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Z, Chen C, Miao Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Li R, Ding L, Ishfaq M, Li J. Baicalin Attenuates Mycoplasma gallisepticum-Induced Inflammation via Inhibition of the TLR2-NF-κB Pathway in Chicken and DF-1 Cells. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:3911-3923. [PMID: 31908503 PMCID: PMC6929927 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s231908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous reports demonstrated that baicalin possesses potential anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of baicalin against inflammatory responses in chicken and DF-1 cells infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). Methods An MG infection model was developed in chickens to study the anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin. Baicalin was mixed in water at a dose of 450 mg/kg per day, and the treatment is continued for 7 consecutive days. Samples were taken at 1, 4, and 7 days post treatment. Results By using transmission electron microscopy, ultrastructure of lung and tracheal cells has been examined. It can be seen that the cilia cells in the MG-infected group have pyknosis, degeneration, and necrosis. In the lung tissues, alveolar type-I epithelial cells were severely damaged. In the baicalin-treated group, cilia were swollen, mushroom-shaped edema bubbles formed on the apex, and fused together. Alveolar type I epithelial cells injury was significantly reduced. Compared to MG-infection group, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The corresponding proteins TLR2 and P-p65 decreased in the baicalin-treated group after 1 (p > 0.05), 4 (p < 0.05), and 7 days (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion The results showed that baicalin can interfere with inflammatory injury by suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α during MG infection both in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, baicalin suppressed TLR2-NFκB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB, thereby affecting the expression of inflammatory factors. The results suggested that baicalin acts as a potential anti-inflammatory agent against MG infection in chicken and DF-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusong Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangjun Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Sun A, Sun Y, Zhang S, Xia T, Guo T, Hao Z, Sun L, Jiang Y, Qiao X, Cui W, Tang L, Xu Y, Li Y, Wang L. Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus inhibits NF-κB activity via nonstructural protein 3 to evade host immune system. Virol J 2019; 16:97. [PMID: 31382996 PMCID: PMC6683377 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a member of the family Coronaviridae, causes lethal watery diarrhea in piglets. Previous studies have revealed that the coronaviruses develop various strategies to evade the host innate immunity through the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. However, the ability of TGEV to inhibit the host innate immune response by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway is not clear. Methods In this study, a dual luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the inhibition of NF-κB by TGEV infection and to identify the major viral proteins involved in the inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors. The deubiquitination of Nsp3 domains and its effect on IκBα and p65 were analyzed by western blotting. The ubiquitination level of IκBα was analyzed by immunoprecipitation. Results In ST and IPEC-J2 cells, TGEV exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of NF-κB activity. Individual TGEV protein screening revealed the high potential of non-structural protein 3 (Nsp3) to inhibit NF-κB signaling, and leading to the downregulation of the NF-κB-induced cytokine production. We demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of Nsp3 was mainly mediated through the suppression of IκBα degradation as well as the inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Furthermore, the amino acid residues at positions 590–1,215 in Nsp3 were demonstrated to inhibit the degradation of IκBα by inhibiting the IκBα ubiquitination. Conclusion TGEV infection can inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is mainly mediated by Nsp3 through the canonical pathway. The amino acid residues at positions 590–1,215 in Nsp3 compose the critical domain that mediates NF-κB inhibition. We speculate that this inhibitory effect is likely to be related to the structure of PLP2 with deubiquitinating enzyme activity of the amino acid residues at positions 590–1,215 in Nsp3. Our study provides a better understanding of the TGEV-mediated innate immune modulation and lays the basis for studies on the pathogenesis of coronavirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Aoying Sun
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhenye Hao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Cui
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yigang Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. .,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. .,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suff N, Waddington SN. The power of bioluminescence imaging in understanding host-pathogen interactions. Methods 2017; 127:69-78. [PMID: 28694065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Modelling and understanding human infection is imperative to developing treatments to reduce the global burden of infectious disease. Bioluminescence imaging is a highly sensitive, non-invasive technique based on the detection of light, produced by luciferase-catalysed reactions. In the study of infectious disease, bioluminescence imaging is a well-established technique; it can be used to detect, localize and quantify specific immune cells, pathogens or immunological processes. This enables longitudinal studies in which the spectrum of the disease process and its response to therapies can be monitored. Light producing transgenic rodents are emerging as key tools in the study of host response to infection. Here, we review the strategies for identifying biological processes in vivo, including the technology of bioluminescence imaging and illustrate how this technique is shedding light on the host-pathogen relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Suff
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom.
| | - Simon N Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
1-(2,3-Dibenzimidazol-2-ylpropyl)-2-methoxybenzene Is a Syk Inhibitor with Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Molecules 2016; 21:508. [PMID: 27096863 PMCID: PMC6274291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the protective action of our bodies against external pathogens by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Proper regulation of inflammatory responses is required to maintain our body’s homeostasis, as well as there are demands to develop proper acute or chronic inflammation. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory mechanism of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses by a novel compound, 1-(2,3-dibenzimidazol-2-ylpropyl)-2-methoxybenzene (DBMB). We found that DBMB suppressed inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), reacted to exposure to a number of toll like receptor (TLR) ligands. Such observations occurred following to decreased mRNA expression of several pro-inflammatory mediators, and such diminished mRNA levels were caused by inhibited transcriptional factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB, as evaluated by luciferase reporter assay and molecular biological approaches. To find the potential targets of DBMB, we screened phosphorylated forms of NF-κB signal molecules: inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), IκB kinase (IKK)α/β, Akt, 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), p85, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). We found that DBMB treatment could suppress signal transduction through these molecules. Additionally, we conducted in vitro kinase assays using immunoprecipitated Syk and its substrate, p85. Consequently, we could say that DBMB clearly suppressed the kinase activity of Syk kinase activity. Together, our results demonstrate that synthetic DBMB has an effect on the inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway and suggest the potential for clinical use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang L, Shao L, Creighton CJ, Zhang Y, Xin L, Ittmann M, Wang J. Function of phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 ser536 in prostate cancer oncogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6281-94. [PMID: 25749044 PMCID: PMC4467437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Majority of prostate cancer (PCa) patients carry TMPRSS2/ERG (T/E) fusion genes and there has been tremendous interest in understanding how the T/E fusion may promote progression of PCa. We showed that T/E fusion can activate NF-kB pathway by increasing phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 Ser536 (p536), but the function of p536 has never been studied in PCa. We report here that active p536 can significantly increase cell motility and transform PNT1a cells (an immortalized normal cell line), suggesting p536 plays a critical role in promoting PCa tumorigenesis. We have discovered a set of p536 regulated genes, among which we validated the regulation of CCL2 by p536. Based on all evidence, we favor that T/E fusion, NF-kB p536 and CCL2 form a signaling chain. Finally, PNT1a cells (not tumorigenic) can form tumors in SCID mice when overexpressing of either wild type or active p65 in the presence of activated AKT, demonstrating synergistic activities of NF-kB and AKT signals in promoting PCa tumorigenesis. These findings indicate that combination therapies targeting T/E fusion, NF-kB, CCL2 and/or AKT pathways may have efficacy in T/E fusion gene expressing PCa. If successful, such targeted therapy will benefit more than half of PCa patients who carry T/E fusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Deptartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Longjiang Shao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Deptartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Duncan Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Duncan Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Xin
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Deptartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianghua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey Deptartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ren X, Ge M, Qin X, Xu P, Zhu P, Dang Y, Gu J, Ye X. S100a8/NF-κB signal pathway is involved in the 800-nm diode laser-induced skin collagen remodeling. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:673-8. [PMID: 26914682 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The 800-nm diode laser is widely used for hair removal and also promotes collagen synthesis, but the molecular mechanism by which dermis responses to the thermal damage induced by the 800-nm diode laser is still unclear. Ten 2-month-old mice were irradiated with the 800-nm diode laser at 20, 40, and 60 J/cm(2), respectively. Skin samples were taken for PCR, Western blot analysis, and histological study at day 3 or 30 after laser irradiation. The expression of S100a8 and its two receptors (advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor, RAGE and toll-like receptor 4, TRL4) was upregulated at day 3 after laser treatments. P-p65 levels were also elevated, causing the increase of cytokine (tumor necrosis factor, TNF-α and interleukin 6, IL-6) and MMPs (MMP1a, MMP9). At day 30, PCR and Western blot analysis showed significant increase of type I and III procollagen in the dermis treated with laser. Importantly, skin structure was markedly improved in the laser-irradiated skin compared with the control. Thus, it seemed that S100a8 upregulation triggered NF-κB signal pathway through RAGE and TLR4, responding to laser-induced dermis wound healing. The involvement of the NF-κB pathway in MMP gene transcription promoted the turnover of collagen in the skin, accelerating new collagen synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ren
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Minggai Ge
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaofeng Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Pingya Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yongyan Dang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xiyun Ye
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu X, Berry CT, Ruthel G, Madara JJ, MacGillivray K, Gray CM, Madge LA, McCorkell KA, Beiting DP, Hershberg U, May MJ, Freedman BD. T Cell Receptor-induced Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) Signaling and Transcriptional Activation Are Regulated by STIM1- and Orai1-mediated Calcium Entry. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8440-52. [PMID: 26826124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.713008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell activation following antigen binding to the T cell receptor (TCR) involves the mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) to activate the key transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes (NFAT) and NF-κB. The mechanism of NFAT activation by Ca(2+) has been determined. However, the role of Ca(2+) in controlling NF-κB signaling is poorly understood, and the source of Ca(2+) required for NF-κB activation is unknown. We demonstrate that TCR- but not TNF-induced NF-κB signaling upstream of IκB kinase activation absolutely requires the influx of extracellular Ca(2+) via STIM1-dependent Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+)/Orai channels. We further show that Ca(2+) influx controls phosphorylation of the NF-κB protein p65 on Ser-536 and that this posttranslational modification controls its nuclear localization and transcriptional activation. Notably, our data reveal that this role for Ca(2+) is entirely separate from its upstream control of IκBα degradation, thereby identifying a novel Ca(2+)-dependent distal step in TCR-induced NF-κB activation. Finally, we demonstrate that this control of distal signaling occurs via Ca(2+)-dependent PKCα-mediated phosphorylation of p65. Thus, we establish the source of Ca(2+) required for TCR-induced NF-κB activation and define a new distal Ca(2+)-dependent checkpoint in TCR-induced NF-κB signaling that has broad implications for the control of immune cell development and T cell functional specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Corbett T Berry
- From the Departments of Pathobiology and the School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | | | | | | | - Carolyn M Gray
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Lisa A Madge
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Kelly A McCorkell
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | | | - Uri Hershberg
- the School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Michael J May
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buckley SMK, Delhove JMKM, Perocheau DP, Karda R, Rahim AA, Howe SJ, Ward NJ, Birrell MA, Belvisi MG, Arbuthnot P, Johnson MR, Waddington SN, McKay TR. In vivo bioimaging with tissue-specific transcription factor activated luciferase reporters. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11842. [PMID: 26138224 PMCID: PMC4490336 DOI: 10.1038/srep11842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of transcription factor activated luciferase reporter cassettes in vitro is widespread but potential for in vivo application has not yet been realized. Bioluminescence imaging enables non-invasive tracking of gene expression in transfected tissues of living rodents. However the mature immune response limits luciferase expression when delivered in adulthood. We present a novel approach of tissue-targeted delivery of transcription factor activated luciferase reporter lentiviruses to neonatal rodents as an alternative to the existing technology of generating germline transgenic light producing rodents. At this age, neonates acquire immune tolerance to the conditionally responsive luciferase reporter. This simple and transferrable procedure permits surrogate quantitation of transcription factor activity over the lifetime of the animal. We show principal efficacy by temporally quantifying NFκB activity in the brain, liver and lungs of somatotransgenic reporter mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. This response is ablated in Tlr4(-/-) mice or when co-administered with the anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid analogue dexamethasone. Furthermore, we show the malleability of this technology by quantifying NFκB-mediated luciferase expression in outbred rats. Finally, we use somatotransgenic bioimaging to longitudinally quantify LPS- and ActivinA-induced upregulation of liver specific glucocorticoid receptor and Smad2/3 reporter constructs in somatotransgenic mice, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. K. Buckley
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86–96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Juliette M. K. M. Delhove
- Stem Cell Group, Cardiovascular & Cell Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dany P. Perocheau
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86–96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Rajvinder Karda
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86–96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ahad A. Rahim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29–39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Steven J. Howe
- Wolfson Institute for Gene Therapy, Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Natalie J. Ward
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86–96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Mark A. Birrell
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Maria G. Belvisi
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Patrick Arbuthnot
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mark R. Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Simon N. Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86–96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tristan R. McKay
- Stem Cell Group, Cardiovascular & Cell Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lawrence DW, Gullickson G, Kornbluth J. E3 ubiquitin ligase NKLAM positively regulates macrophage inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Immunobiology 2014; 220:83-92. [PMID: 25182373 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated macrophages generate potent anti-microbial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species within their phagosomes. Previous studies have shown that the E3 ubiquitin ligase natural killer lytic-associated molecule (NKLAM) is a macrophage phagosomal protein that plays a role in macrophage anti-bacterial activity. In vivo, NKLAM-knockout (KO) mice produce less nitric oxide (NO) upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) than wild type (WT) mice. In vitro, we found that NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein were diminished in LPS-stimulated NKLAM-KO bone marrow-derived and splenic macrophages. Additionally, LPS-stimulated NKLAM-KO macrophages displayed defects in STAT1 tyrosine phosphorylation and production of interferon beta (IFNβ). The JAK/STAT pathway is critical for the production of IFNβ, which augments iNOS protein expression in mice. iNOS protein expression is also regulated by the transcription factor NFκB, thus we investigated whether NKLAM influences NFκB function. LPS-stimulated NKLAM-KO macrophages showed evidence of delayed nuclear translocation of the NFκB subunit p65. This was associated with a reduction in p65/DNA colocalization. The defect in p65 translocation was independent of IKBα degradation. NKLAM-KO macrophages also expressed less p65 and showed evidence of defective p65 phosphorylation at serine 536. Importantly, LPS-stimulated NKLAM-KO macrophages have diminished NFκB transcriptional activity as assessed by transfection of a luciferase reporter plasmid. Collectively, our data implicate NKLAM as a novel modulator of macrophage iNOS expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Lawrence
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States
| | - Gail Gullickson
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States
| | - Jacki Kornbluth
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States; Veterans Administration Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63106, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liang J, Luan Y, Lu B, Zhang H, Luo YN, Ge P. Protection of ischemic postconditioning against neuronal apoptosis induced by transient focal ischemia is associated with attenuation of NF-κB/p65 activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96734. [PMID: 24800741 PMCID: PMC4011781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that nuclear factor κB/p65 plays a protective role in the protection of ischemic preconditioning and detrimental role in lethal ischemia-induced programmed cell death including apoptosis and autophagic death. However, its role in the protection of ischemic postconditioning is still unclear. Methods Rat MCAO model was used to produce transient focal ischemia. The procedure of ischemic postconditioning consisted of three cycles of 30 seconds reperfusion/reocclusion of MCA. The volume of cerebral infarction was measured by TTC staining and neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Western blotting was used to analyze the changes in protein levels of Caspase-3, NF-κB/p65, phosphor- NF-κB/p65, IκBα, phosphor- IκBα, Noxa, Bim and Bax between rats treated with and without ischemic postconditioning. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to examine the distribution of NF-κB/p65 and Noxa. Results Ischemic postconditioning made transient focal ischemia-induced infarct volume decrease obviously from 38.6%±5.8% to 23.5%±4.3%, and apoptosis rate reduce significantly from 46.5%±6.2 to 29.6%±5.3% at reperfusion 24 h following 2 h focal cerebral ischemia. Western blotting analysis showed that ischemic postconditioning suppressed markedly the reduction of NF-κB/p65 in cytoplasm, but elevated its content in nucleus either at reperfusion 6 h or 24 h. Moreover, the decrease of IκBα and the increase of phosphorylated IκBα and phosphorylated NF-κB/p65 at indicated reperfusion time were reversed by ischemic postconditioning. Correspondingly, proapoptotic proteins Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, Noxa, Bim and Bax were all mitigated significantly by ischemic postconditioning. Confocal microscopy revealed that ischemic postconditioning not only attenuated ischemia-induced translocation of NF-κB/p65 from neuronal cytoplasm to nucleus, but also inhibited the abnormal expression of proapoptotic protein Noxa within neurons. Conclusions We demonstrated in this study that the protection of ischemic postconditioning on neuronal apoptosis caused by transient focal ischemia is associated with attenuation of the activation of NF-κB/p65 in neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxin Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi-nan Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Handschick K, Beuerlein K, Jurida L, Bartkuhn M, Müller H, Soelch J, Weber A, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Schneider H, Scharfe M, Jarek M, Stellzig J, Schmitz ML, Kracht M. Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 is a chromatin-bound cofactor for NF-κB-dependent gene expression. Mol Cell 2014; 53:193-208. [PMID: 24389100 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Given the intimate link between inflammation and dysregulated cell proliferation in cancer, we investigated cytokine-triggered gene expression in different cell cycle stages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that G1 release through cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) and CDK4 primes and cooperates with the cytokine-driven gene response. CDK6 physically and functionally interacts with the NF-κB subunit p65 in the nucleus and is found at promoters of many transcriptionally active NF-κB target genes. CDK6 recruitment to distinct chromatin regions of inflammatory genes was essential for proper loading of p65 to its cognate binding sites and for the function of p65 coactivators, such as TRIP6. Furthermore, cytokine-inducible nuclear translocation and chromatin association of CDK6 depends on the kinase activity of TAK1 and p38. These results have widespread biological implications, as aberrant CDK6 expression or activation that is frequently observed in human tumors modulates NF-κB to shape the cytokine and chemokine repertoires in chronic inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Handschick
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Knut Beuerlein
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Liane Jurida
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marek Bartkuhn
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Helmut Müller
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Johanna Soelch
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Axel Weber
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Heike Schneider
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren Scharfe
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Jarek
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julia Stellzig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maru GB, Gandhi K, Ramchandani A, Kumar G. The Role of Inflammation in Skin Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 816:437-69. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
19
|
Su J, Zhao P, Kong L, Li X, Yan J, Zeng Y, Li Y. Trichothecin induces cell death in NF-κB constitutively activated human cancer cells via inhibition of IKKβ phosphorylation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71333. [PMID: 23936501 PMCID: PMC3731298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is involved in tumorigenesis and chemo-resistance. As the key regulator of NF-κB, IKKβ is a major therapeutic target for various cancers. Trichothecin (TCN) is a metabolite isolated from an endophytic fungus of the herbal plant Maytenus hookeri Loes. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor activity of TCN and found that TCN markedly inhibits the growth of cancer cells with constitutively activated NF-κB. TCN induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, activating pro-apoptotic proteins, including caspase-3, -8 and PARP-1, and decreasing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and survivin. Reporter activity assay and target genes expression analysis illustrated that TCN works as a potent inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway. TCN inhibits the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα and blocks the nuclear translocation of p65, and thus inhibits the expression of NF-κB target genes XIAP, cyclin D1, and Bcl-xL. Though TCN does not directly interfere with IKKβ kinase, it suppresses the phosphorylation of IKKβ. Overexpression of constitutively activated IKKβ aborted TCN induced cancer cell apoptosis, whereas knockdown of endogenous IKKβ with siRNA sensitized cancer cells toward apoptosis induced by TCN. Moreover, TCN showed a markedly weaker effect on normal cells. These findings suggest that TCN may be a potential therapeutic candidate for cancer treatment, targeting NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peiji Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lingmei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bandyopadhaya A, Kesarwani M, Que YA, He J, Padfield K, Tompkins R, Rahme LG. The quorum sensing volatile molecule 2-amino acetophenon modulates host immune responses in a manner that promotes life with unwanted guests. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1003024. [PMID: 23166496 PMCID: PMC3499575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that bacterial quorum sensing (QS) signals are important mediators of immunomodulation. However, whether microbes utilize these immunomodulatory signals to maintain infection remain unclear. Here, we show that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS-regulated molecule 2-amino acetophenone (2-AA) modulates host immune responses in a manner that increases host ability to cope with this pathogen. Mice treated with 2-AA prior to infection had a 90% survival compared to 10% survival rate observed in the non-pretreated infected mice. Whilst 2-AA stimulation activates key innate immune response pathways involving mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, it attenuates immune response activation upon pretreatment, most likely by upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines. 2-AA host pretreatment is characterized by a transcriptionally regulated block of c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-κB activation, with relatively preserved activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. These kinase changes lead to CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (c/EBPβ) activation and formation of the c/EBPβ-p65 complex that prevents NF-κB activation. 2-AA's aptitude for dampening the inflammatory processes while increasing host survival and pathogen persistence concurs with its ability to signal bacteria to switch to a chronic infection mode. Our results reveal a QS immunomodulatory signal that promotes original aspects of interkingdom communication. We propose that this communication facilitates pathogen persistence, while enabling host tolerance to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunava Bandyopadhaya
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Meenu Kesarwani
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yok-Ai Que
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jianxin He
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Katie Padfield
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ronald Tompkins
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Laurence G. Rahme
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alexander HA, Sooranna SR, Myatt L, Johnson MR. Myometrial tumor necrosis factor-α receptors increase with gestation and labor and modulate gene expression through mitogen-activated kinase and nuclear factor-κB. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:43-54. [PMID: 22228740 DOI: 10.1177/1933719111413297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that myometrial tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression did not increase with preterm or term labor. To further investigate the role of TNF-α in human labor, we studied TNF-α receptor (TNFR1A and B) expression, regulation, and associated intracellular signaling pathways in human myometrial samples obtained both before and after the onset of labor and in primary cultures of uterine smooth muscle cells (USMCs). We found that the mRNA expression of both receptors increased with advancing gestation and labor and protein levels of TNFR1B were significantly higher in term laboring myometrial samples than in nonlabor controls. Tumor necrosis factor- treatment of USMCs activated all mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) subtypes and nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB). The TNF-α induced increases in the expression of TNFR1B and prostaglandin H synthase type 2 were reduced by inhibitors of NF-κB and MAPKs, respectively. The TNF-α induced increase in interleukin 8 (IL-8) appeared to be independent of MAPK and NF-κB pathway. These data suggest that the uterus may become more sensitive to the action of TNF-α with advancing gestation and labor and that TNF-α acts via MAPK and NF-κB to promote labor-associated gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen A Alexander
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hanna RN, Shaked I, Hubbeling HG, Punt JA, Wu R, Herrley E, Zaugg C, Pei H, Geissmann F, Ley K, Hedrick CC. NR4A1 (Nur77) deletion polarizes macrophages toward an inflammatory phenotype and increases atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2011; 110:416-27. [PMID: 22194622 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.253377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE NR4A1 (Nur77) is a nuclear receptor that is expressed in macrophages and within atherosclerotic lesions, yet its function in atherosclerosis is unknown. OBJECTIVE Nur77 regulates the development of monocytes, particularly patrolling Ly6C(-) monocytes that may be involved in resolution of inflammation. We sought to determine how absence of nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 (NR4A1) in hematopoietic cells affected atherosclerosis development. METHODS AND RESULTS Nur77(-/-) chimeric mice on a Ldlr(-/-) background showed a 3-fold increase in atherosclerosis development when fed a Western diet for 20 weeks, despite having a drastic reduction in Ly6C(-) patrolling monocytes. In a second model, mice deficient in both Nur77 and ApoE (ApoE(-/-)Nur77(-/-)) also showed increased atherosclerosis after 11 weeks of Western diet. Atherosclerosis was associated with a significant change in macrophage polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype, with high expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide and low expression of Arginase-I. Moreover, we found increased expression of toll-like receptor 4 mRNA and protein in Nur77(-/-) macrophages as well as increased phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NFκB. Inhibition of NFκB activity blocked excess activation of Nur77(-/-) macrophages. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the absence of Nur77 in monocytes and macrophages results in enhanced toll-like receptor signaling and polarization of macrophages toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype. Despite having fewer monocytes, Nur77(-/-) mice developed significant atherosclerosis when fed a Western diet. These studies indicate that Nur77 is a novel target for modulating the inflammatory phenotype of monocytes and macrophages and may be important for regulation of atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Hanna
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Genetos DC, Karin NJ, Geist DJ, Donahue HJ, Duncan RL. Purinergic signaling is required for fluid shear stress-induced NF-κB translocation in osteoblasts. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:737-44. [PMID: 21237152 PMCID: PMC3049820 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluid shear stress regulates gene expression in osteoblasts, in part by activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. We examined whether this process was under the control of purinoceptor activation. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts under static conditions expressed the NF-κB inhibitory protein IκBα and exhibited cytosolic localization of NF-κB. Under fluid shear stress, IκBα levels decreased, and concomitant nuclear localization of NF-κB was observed. Cells exposed to fluid shear stress in ATP-depleted medium exhibited no significant reduction in IκBα, and NF-κB remained within the cytosol. Similar results were found using oxidized ATP or Brilliant Blue G, P2X(7) receptor antagonists, indicating that the P2X(7) receptor is responsible for fluid shear-stress-induced IκBα degradation and nuclear accumulation of NF-κB. Pharmacologic blockage of the P2Y6 receptor also prevented shear-induced IκBα degradation. These phenomena involved neither ERK1/2 signaling nor autocrine activation by P2X(7)-generated lysophosphatidic acid. Our results suggest that fluid shear stress regulates NF-κB activity through the P2Y(6) and P2X(7) receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian C Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fang Y, Zhou X, Lin M, Ying M, Luo P, Zhu D, Lou J, Yang B, He Q. Inhibition of all-trans-retinoic acid-induced proteasome activation potentiates the differentiating effect of retinoid in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Carcinog 2011; 50:24-35. [PMID: 20945414 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is nowadays considered to be the sole efficient agent for differentiation-based therapy in leukemia; however, the mechanisms of ATRA's biological effects remain largely unknown. Here we first reported that ATRA-induced myeloid leukemia differentiation was accompanied with the increased level of ubiquitin-protein conjugates and the upregulation of proteasome activity. To explore the functional role of the activated proteasome in retinoic acid (RA) signaling, the effects of proteasome inhibitors on RA-induced cell differentiation were determined. Our results demonstrated that inhibition of ATRA-elevated proteasome activity obviously promoted the myeloid maturation program triggered by ATRA, suggesting that the overactivated proteasome is not beneficial for ATRA's effects. Further studies demonstrated that the synergistic differentiating effects of ATRA and proteasome inhibitors might be associated with the protection of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) from degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). Moreover, the accumulated RARα was able to enhance the transcription of its target gene, which might also contribute to the enhanced differentiation of leukemia cells. Together, by linking the UPP to ATRA-dependent signaling, our data provide a novel insight into studying the mechanisms of ATRA-elicited cellular effects and imply the possibility of combination of ATRA and proteasome inhibitors in leukemia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Fang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao X, Hume SL, Johnson C, Thompson P, Huang J, Gray J, Lamb HK, Hawkins AR. The transcription repressor NmrA is subject to proteolysis by three Aspergillus nidulans proteases. Protein Sci 2010; 19:1405-19. [PMID: 20506376 DOI: 10.1002/pro.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of specific cleavage of transcription repressor proteins by proteases and how this may be related to the emerging theme of dinucleotides as cellular signaling molecules is poorly characterized. The transcription repressor NmrA of Aspergillus nidulans discriminates between oxidized and reduced dinucleotides, however, dinucleotide binding has no effect on its interaction with the zinc finger in the transcription activator AreA. Protease activity in A. nidulans was assayed using NmrA as the substrate, and was absent in mycelium grown under nitrogen sufficient conditions but abundant in mycelium starved of nitrogen. One of the proteases was purified and identified as the protein Q5BAR4 encoded by the gene AN2366.2. Fluorescence confocal microscopy showed that the nuclear levels of NmrA were reduced approximately 38% when mycelium was grown on nitrate compared to ammonium and absent when starved of nitrogen. Proteolysis of NmrA occurred in an ordered manner by preferential digestion within a C-terminal surface exposed loop and subsequent digestion at other sites. NmrA digested at the C-terminal site was unable to bind to the AreA zinc finger. These data reveal a potential new layer of control of nitrogen metabolite repression by the ordered proteolytic cleavage of NmrA. NmrA digested at the C-terminal site retained the ability to bind NAD(+) and showed a resistance to further digestion that was enhanced by the presence of NAD(+). This is the first time that an effect of dinucleotide binding to NmrA has been demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhao
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
BEX2 has a functional interplay with c-Jun/JNK and p65/RelA in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:111. [PMID: 20482821 PMCID: PMC2881879 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously demonstrated that BEX2 is differentially expressed in breast tumors and has a significant role in promoting cell survival and growth in breast cancer cells. BEX2 expression protects breast cancer cells against mitochondrial apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest. In this study we investigated the transcriptional regulation of BEX2 and feedback mechanisms mediating the cellular function of this gene in breast cancer. Results We found a marked induction of BEX2 promoter by c-Jun and p65/RelA using luciferase reporter assays in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, we confirmed the binding of c-Jun and p65/RelA to the BEX2 promoter using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Importantly, transfections of c-Jun or p65/RelA in MCF-7 cells markedly increased the expression of BEX2 protein. Overall, these results demonstrate that BEX2 is a target gene for c-Jun and p65/RelA in breast cancer. These findings were further supported by the presence of a strong correlation between BEX2 and c-Jun expression levels in primary breast tumors. Next we demonstrated that BEX2 has a feedback mechanism with c-Jun and p65/RelA in breast cancer. In this process BEX2 expression is required for the normal phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and the activation of p65. Moreover, it is necessary for the phosphorylation of c-Jun and JNK kinase activity in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, using c-Jun stable lines we showed that BEX2 expression is required for c-Jun mediated induction of cyclin D1 and cell proliferation. Importantly, BEX2 down-regulation resulted in a significant increase in PP2A activity in c-Jun stable lines providing a possible underlying mechanism for the regulatory effects of BEX2 on c-Jun and JNK. Conclusions This study shows that BEX2 has a functional interplay with c-Jun and p65/RelA in breast cancer. In this process BEX2 is a target gene for c-Jun and p65/RelA and in turn regulates the phosphorylation/activity of these proteins. These suggest that BEX2 is involved in a novel feedback mechanism with significant implications for the biology of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
27
|
Characterization of bioactive thiophenes from the dichloromethane extract of Echinops grijisii as Michael addition acceptors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:1975-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
28
|
Kim YE, Kang HB, Park JA, Nam KH, Kwon HJ, Lee Y. Upregulation of NF-kappaB upon differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. BMB Rep 2009; 41:705-9. [PMID: 18959816 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.10.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-kappaB is a transcriptional regulator involved in many biological processes including proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Recently, we reported that expression and activity of NF-kappaB is comparatively low in undifferentiated human embryonic stem (ES) cells, but increases during differentiation. Here, we found a lower expression of NF-kappaB p65 protein in mouse ES cells when compared with mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Protein levels of NF-kappaB p65 and relB were clearly enhanced during retinoic acid-induced differentiation. Furthermore, increased DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB in response to TNF-alpha, an agonist of NF-kappaB signaling, was seen in differentiated but not undifferentiated mouse ES cells. Taken together with our previous data in human ES cells, it is likely that NF-kappaB expression and activity of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway is comparatively low in undifferentiated ES cells, but increases during differentiation of ES cells in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kang HB, Kim YE, Kwon HJ, Sok DE, Lee Y. Enhancement of NF-kappaB expression and activity upon differentiation of human embryonic stem cell line SNUhES3. Stem Cells Dev 2007; 16:615-23. [PMID: 17784835 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2007.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-kappaB is involved in many biological processes including proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Because human embryonic stem (ES) cells have the potential to differentiate to various lineages, understanding mechanisms involved in stemness and lineage differentiation is an important issue. We investigated expression of NF-kappaB in the human ES cell lines SNUhES3 and MizhES4 and found that expression of NF-kappaB mRNA and protein in these two cell lines was significantly lower compared to those of other adult cell lines. However, when SNUhES3 cells were induced to differentiate by retinoic acid, expression levels of NF-kappaB significantly increased compared to undifferentiated SNUhES3 cells. As the components of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) signaling are expressed comparably in undifferentiated and differentiated SNUhES3 cells, we examined the responsiveness of SNUhES3 cells to treatment with TNF-alpha, an agonist of NF-kappaB signaling. Nuclear localization of NF-kappaB in response to TNF-alpha was evident in differentiated, but not undifferentiated, SNUhES3 cells. In agreement with this observation, induction of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in response to TNF-alpha was seen only in differentiated SNUhES3 cells. On the basis of an IkappaB kinase (IKK) inhibitor study, expression of IL-8 induced by TNF-alpha was dependent on NF-kappaB activity. Taken together, our results suggest that expression and activity of NF-kappaB is comparatively low in undifferentiated human ES cells, but increases during differentiation of the ES cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Bum Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Several recent studies have identified nuclear factor-kappaB as a key modulator in driving inflammation to cancers. Besides this transcription factor, essential in regulating inflammation and cancer development, an inflammatory microenvironment inhabiting various inflammatory cells and a network of signaling molecules are also indispensable for the malignant progression of transformed cells, which is attributed to the mutagenic predisposition of persistent infection-fighting agents at sites of chronic inflammation. As a subverted host response to inflammation-induced tumors, the inflammatory cells and regulators may facilitate angiogenesis and promote the growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. Thus far, research regarding inflammation-associated cancer development has focused on cytokines and chemokines as well as their downstream targets in linking inflammation and cancer. Moreover, other proteins with extensive roles in inflammation and cancer, such as signal transducers and activators of transcription, Nrf2, and nuclear factor of activated T cells, are also proposed to be promising targets for future studies. The elucidation of their specific effects and interactions will accelerate the development of novel therapeutic interventions against cancer development triggered by inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitian Lu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|