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Rahn K, Abdallah AT, Gan L, Herbrich S, Sonntag R, Benitez O, Malaney P, Zhang X, Rodriguez AG, Brottem J, Marx G, Brümmendorf TH, Ostareck DH, Ostareck-Lederer A, Crysandt M, Post SM, Naarmann-de Vries IS. Insight into the mechanism of AML del(9q) progression: hnRNP K targets the myeloid master regulators CEBPA (C/EBPα) and SPI1 (PU.1). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195004. [PMID: 38008244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.195004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Deletions on the long arm of chromosome 9 (del(9q)) are recurrent abnormalities in about 2 % of acute myeloid leukemia cases, which usually involve HNRNPK and are frequently associated with other known aberrations. Based on an Hnrnpk haploinsufficient mouse model, a recent study demonstrated a function of hnRNP K in pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies via the regulation of cellular proliferation and myeloid differentiation programs. Here, we provide evidence that reduced hnRNP K expression results in the dysregulated expression of C/EBPα and additional transcription factors. CyTOF analysis revealed monocytic skewing with increased levels of mature myeloid cells. To explore the role of hnRNP K during normal and pathological myeloid differentiation in humans, we characterized hnRNP K-interacting RNAs in human AML cell lines. Notably, RNA-sequencing revealed several mRNAs encoding key transcription factors involved in the regulation of myeloid differentiation as targets of hnRNP K. We showed that specific sequence motifs confer the interaction of SPI1 and CEBPA 5' and 3'UTRs with hnRNP K. The siRNA mediated reduction of hnRNP K in human AML cells resulted in an increase of PU.1 and C/EBPα that is most pronounced for the p30 isoform. The combinatorial treatment with the inducer of myeloid differentiation valproic acid resulted in increased C/EBPα expression and myeloid differentiation. Together, our results indicate that hnRNP K post-transcriptionally regulates the expression of myeloid master transcription factors. These novel findings can inaugurate novel options for targeted treatment of AML del(9q) by modulation of hnRNP K function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Rahn
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ali T Abdallah
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lin Gan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Shelley Herbrich
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Oscar Benitez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prerna Malaney
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashely G Rodriguez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jared Brottem
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gernot Marx
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk H Ostareck
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Antje Ostareck-Lederer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martina Crysandt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Sean M Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Isabel S Naarmann-de Vries
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Fang L, Sun Y, Dong M, Yang M, Hao J, Li J, Zhang H, He N, Du L, Xu C. RMI1 facilitates repair of ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage and maintenance of genomic stability. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:426. [PMID: 38007566 PMCID: PMC10676437 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) causes a wide variety of DNA lesions, of which DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are the most deleterious. Homologous recombination (HR) is a crucial route responsible for repairing DSBs. RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1 (RMI1) is a member of an evolutionarily conserved Bloom syndrome complex, which prevents and resolves aberrant recombination products during HR, thereby promoting genome stability. However, little is known about the role of RMI1 in regulating the cellular response to IR. This study aimed to understand the cellular functions and molecular mechanisms by which RMI1 maintains genomic stability after IR exposure. Here, we showed IR upregulated the RMI1 protein level and induced RMI1 relocation to the DNA damage sites. We also demonstrated that the loss of RMI1 in cells resulted in enhanced levels of DNA damage, sustained cell cycle arrest, and impaired HR repair after IR, leading to reduced cell viability and elevated genome instability. Taken together, our results highlighted the direct roles of RMI1 in response to DNA damage induced by IR and implied that RMI1 might be a new genome safeguard molecule to radiation-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianying Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
- School of Preventive Medicine Sciences, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jianxiu Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Huanteng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Ningning He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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3
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Szmyd B, Mlynarski W, Pastorczak A. Genetic predisposition to lymphomas: Overview of rare syndromes and inherited familial variants. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 788:108386. [PMID: 34893151 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 10 % of malignancies occur in carriers of germline mutations predisposing to cancer. A high risk of developing lymphomas has been noted in many primary immunodeficiencies, including DNA repair disorders. Moreover, implementation of next-generation sequencing has recently enabled to uncover rare genetic variants predisposing patients to lymphoid neoplasms. Some patients harboring inherited predisposition to lymphomas require dedicated clinical management, which will contribute to effective cancer treatment and to the prevention of potential severe toxicities and secondary malignancies. In line with that, our review summarizes the natural history of lymphoid tumors developing on different germline genetic backgrounds and discusses the progress that has been made toward successfully treating these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szmyd
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agata Pastorczak
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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4
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Qian J, Xu Y, Xu X, Tao Z, Luo Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Qian C. Hsa_circ_0091581 promotes glioma progression by regulating RMI1 via sponging miR-1243-5p. J Cancer 2021; 12:3249-3256. [PMID: 33976734 PMCID: PMC8100801 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a pervasive malignancy and the main cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Circular RNA is an important subject of cancer research, and its role and function in glioma are poorly understood. This study demonstrated that hsa_circ_0091581 is upregulated in glioma tissues and cells. The results of the CCK-8, EdU, and transwell assays indicated that hsa_circ_0091581 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. The results of the luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays indicated that the mechanism of the effects of hsa_circ_0091581 on glioma cells involves sponging miR-1243-5p to regulate RMI1. The results of the rescue experiments indicated that hsa_circ_0091581 regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells by targeting RMI1 in a miR-1243-5p dependent manner. The results of the nude mice xenograft assays showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_0091581 inhibits glioma growth in vivo. Thus, our study determined the role of hsa_circ_0091581/miR-1243-5p/RMI1 in glioma and suggests that this axis may be a novel therapeutic target in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Yingna Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenyu Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Yichang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, Anhui, China
| | - Chunfa Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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de Alencastro G, Puzzo F, Pavel-Dinu M, Zhang F, Pillay S, Majzoub K, Tiffany M, Jang H, Sheikali A, Cromer MK, Meetei R, Carette JE, Porteus MH, Pekrun K, Kay MA. Improved Genome Editing through Inhibition of FANCM and Members of the BTR Dissolvase Complex. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1016-1027. [PMID: 33678249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have the unique property of being able to perform genomic targeted integration (TI) without inducing a double-strand break (DSB). In order to improve our understanding of the mechanism behind TI mediated by AAV and improve its efficiency, we performed an unbiased genetic screen in human cells using a promoterless AAV-homologous recombination (AAV-HR) vector system. We identified that the inhibition of the Fanconi anemia complementation group M (FANCM) protein enhanced AAV-HR-mediated TI efficiencies in different cultured human cells by ∼6- to 9-fold. The combined knockdown of the FANCM and two proteins also associated with the FANCM complex, RecQ-mediated genome instability 1 (RMI1) and Bloom DNA helicase (BLM) from the BLM-topoisomerase IIIα (TOP3A)-RMI (BTR) dissolvase complex (RMI1, having also been identified in our screen), led to the enhancement of AAV-HR-mediated TI up to ∼17 times. AAV-HR-mediated TI in the presence of a nuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) was also increased by ∼1.5- to 2-fold in FANCM and RMI1 knockout cells, respectively. Furthermore, knockdown of FANCM in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) increased AAV-HR-mediated TI by ∼3.5-fold. This study expands our knowledge on the mechanisms related to AAV-mediated TI, and it highlights new pathways that might be manipulated for future improvements in AAV-HR-mediated TI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Puzzo
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mara Pavel-Dinu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Feijie Zhang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sirika Pillay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karim Majzoub
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Tiffany
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hagoon Jang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam Sheikali
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Kyle Cromer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ruhikanta Meetei
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katja Pekrun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Kay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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6
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Shorrocks AMK, Jones SE, Tsukada K, Morrow CA, Belblidia Z, Shen J, Vendrell I, Fischer R, Kessler BM, Blackford AN. The Bloom syndrome complex senses RPA-coated single-stranded DNA to restart stalled replication forks. Nat Commun 2021; 12:585. [PMID: 33500419 PMCID: PMC7838300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bloom syndrome helicase BLM interacts with topoisomerase IIIα (TOP3A), RMI1 and RMI2 to form the BTR complex, which dissolves double Holliday junctions to produce non-crossover homologous recombination (HR) products. BLM also promotes DNA-end resection, restart of stalled replication forks, and processing of ultra-fine DNA bridges in mitosis. How these activities of the BTR complex are regulated in cells is still unclear. Here, we identify multiple conserved motifs within the BTR complex that interact cooperatively with the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein RPA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RPA-binding is required for stable BLM recruitment to sites of DNA replication stress and for fork restart, but not for its roles in HR or mitosis. Our findings suggest a model in which the BTR complex contains the intrinsic ability to sense levels of RPA-ssDNA at replication forks, which controls BLM recruitment and activation in response to replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie K Shorrocks
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Samuel E Jones
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kaima Tsukada
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Carl A Morrow
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Zoulikha Belblidia
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Johanna Shen
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Andrew N Blackford
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
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7
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Sun Y, Fang L, Yang M, He N, Wang J, Zhang M, Ji K, Wang Q, Liu Y, Du L, Wang Y, Xu C, Liu Q. Identification and Bioinformatic Assessment of circRNA Expression After RMI1 Knockdown and Ionizing Radiation Exposure. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 40:80-92. [PMID: 33202158 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1 (RMI1) is an important component of the BLM-Topo IIIα-RMI1-RMI2 complex and plays a critical role in maintaining genome stability. However, the cellular functions of RMI1 in response to ionizing radiation (IR) are poorly understood. In this study, we found that RMI1 knockdown led to enhanced radiosensitivity and apoptosis after irradiation. To analyze the effect of RMI1 knockdown on the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing on four groups of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells: control cells and RMI1 knockdown cells with or without IR exposure. A total of 179 and 160 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) were identified under RMI1 knockdown without and with exposure to IR, respectively. The Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that these DE-circRNAs were involved in a variety of functions and signal pathways, including histone H3-K36 methylation, nuclear pore organization, mRNA destabilization, the mismatch repair pathway, and the apoptotic signaling pathway. Overall, our results indicate that RMI1 plays a crucial role in the response to IR and, more generally, that circRNAs are important in the regulatory mechanism of the radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianying Fang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaihua Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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8
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Characterization of acute myeloid leukemia with del(9q) - Impact of the genes in the minimally deleted region. Leuk Res 2018; 76:15-23. [PMID: 30476680 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is an aggressive disease that arises from clonal expansion of malignant hematopoietic precursor cells of the bone marrow. Deletions on the long arm of chromosome 9 (del(9q)) are observed in 2% of acute myeloid leukemia patients. Our deletion analysis in a cohort of 31 del(9q) acute myeloid leukemia patients further supports the importance of a minimally deleted region composed of seven genes potentially involved in leukemogenesis: GKAP1, KIF27, C9ORF64, HNRNPK, RMI1, SLC28A3 and NTRK2. Importantly, among them HNRNPK, encoding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is proposed to function in leukemogenesis. We show that expression of HNRNPK and the other genes of the minimally deleted region is significantly reduced in patients with del(9q) compared with normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia. Also, two mRNAs interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, namely CDKN1A and CEBPA are significantly downregulated. While the deletion size is not correlated with outcome, associated genetic aberrations are important. Patients with an additional t(8;21) show a good prognosis. RUNX1-RUNX1T1, which emerges from the t(8;21) leads to transcriptional down-regulation of CEBPA. Acute myeloid leukemia patients with mutations in CEBPA have a good prognosis as well. Interestingly, in del(9q) patients with CEBPA mutation mRNA levels of HNRNPK and the other genes located in the minimally deleted region is restored to normal karyotype level. Our data indicate that a link between CEBPA and the genes of the minimally deleted region, among them HNRNPK contributes to leukemogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia with del(9q).
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9
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Kennedy JA, Syed S, Schmidt KH. Structural Motifs Critical for In Vivo Function and Stability of the RecQ-Mediated Genome Instability Protein Rmi1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145466. [PMID: 26717309 PMCID: PMC4696737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rmi1 is a member of the Sgs1/Top3/Rmi1 (STR) complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been implicated in binding and catalytic enhancement of Top3 in the dissolution of double Holliday junctions. Deletion of RMI1 results in a severe growth defect resembling that of top3Δ. Despite the importance of Rmi1 for cell viability, little is known about its functional domains, particularly in Rmi1 of S. cerevisiae, which does not have a resolved crystal structure and the primary sequence is poorly conserved. Here, we rationally designed point mutations based on bioinformatics analysis of order/disorder and helical propensity to define three functionally important motifs in yeast Rmi1 outside of the proposed OB-fold core. Replacing residues F63, Y218 and E220 with proline, designed to break predicted N-terminal and C-terminal α-helices, or with lysine, designed to eliminate hydrophobic residues at positions 63 and 218, while maintaining α-helical structure, caused hypersensitivity to hydroxyurea. Further, Y218P and E220P mutations, but not F63P and F63K mutations, led to reduced Rmi1 levels compared to wild type Rmi1, suggesting a role of the C-terminal α-helix in Rmi1 stabilization, most likely by protecting the integrity of the OB-fold core. Our bioinformatics analysis also suggests the presence of a disordered linker between the N-terminal α-helix and the OB fold core; a P88A mutation, designed to increase helicity in this linker, also impaired Rmi1 function in vivo. In conclusion, we propose a model that maps all functionally important structural features for yeast Rmi1 based on biological findings in yeast and structure-prediction-based alignment with the recently established crystal structure of the N-terminus of human Rmi1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Kennedy
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, and Microbiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, United States of America.,Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Salahuddin Syed
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, and Microbiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, United States of America.,Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Kristina H Schmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, and Microbiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, United States of America.,Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
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Abstract
Double Holliday junctions (dHJS) are important intermediates of homologous recombination. The separate junctions can each be cleaved by DNA structure-selective endonucleases known as Holliday junction resolvases. Alternatively, double Holliday junctions can be processed by a reaction known as "double Holliday junction dissolution." This reaction requires the cooperative action of a so-called "dissolvasome" comprising a Holliday junction branch migration enzyme (Sgs1/BLM RecQ helicase) and a type IA topoisomerase (Top3/TopoIIIα) in complex with its OB (oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding) fold containing accessory factor (Rmi1). This review details our current knowledge of the dissolution process and the players involved in catalyzing this mechanistically complex means of completing homologous recombination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Bizard
- Nordea Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Ian D Hickson
- Nordea Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Guiraldelli MF, Eyster C, Pezza RJ. Genome instability and embryonic developmental defects in RMI1 deficient mice. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:835-43. [PMID: 23900276 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RMI1 forms an evolutionarily conserved complex with BLM/TOP3α/RMI2 (BTR complex) to prevent and resolve aberrant recombination products, thereby promoting genome stability. Most of our knowledge about RMI1 function has been obtained from biochemical studies in vitro. In contrast, the role of RMI1 in vivo remains unclear. Previous attempts to generate an Rmi1 knockout mouse line resulted in pre-implantation embryonic lethality, precluding the use of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and embryonic morphology to assess the role of RMI1 in vivo. Here, we report the generation of an Rmi1 deficient mouse line (hy/hy) that develops until 9.5 days post coitum (dpc) with marked defects in development. MEFs derived from Rmi1(hy/hy) are characterized by severely impaired cell proliferation, frequently having elevated DNA content, high numbers of micronuclei and an elevated percentage of partial condensed chromosomes. Our results demonstrate the importance of RMI1 in maintaining genome integrity and normal embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel F Guiraldelli
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Biology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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12
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Chen SH, Chan NL, Hsieh TS. New mechanistic and functional insights into DNA topoisomerases. Annu Rev Biochem 2013; 82:139-70. [PMID: 23495937 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-061809-100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are nature's tools for resolving the unique problems of DNA entanglement that occur owing to unwinding and rewinding of the DNA helix during replication, transcription, recombination, repair, and chromatin remodeling. These enzymes perform topological transformations by providing a transient DNA break, formed by a covalent adduct with the enzyme, through which strand passage can occur. The active site tyrosine is responsible for initiating two transesterifications to cleave and then religate the DNA backbone. The cleavage reaction intermediate is exploited by cytotoxic agents, which have important applications as antibiotics and anticancer drugs. The reactions mediated by these enzymes can also be regulated by their binding partners; one example is a DNA helicase capable of modulating the directionality of strand passage, enabling important functions like reannealing denatured DNA and resolving recombination intermediates. In this review, we cover recent advances in mechanistic insights into topoisomerases and their various cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hartman Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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