The p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism is associated with risk of lung cancer in the Han nationality of North China

Association between TP73 G4C14-A4T14 polymorphism and different cancer types: an updated meta-analysis of 55 case-control studies

OBJECTIVE

The TP73 G4C14-A4T14 variant has been associated with elevated cancer risk, but the evidence is inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the role of this variant in cancer development.

METHODS

Eligible literature was selected by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.

RESULTS

A meta-analysis of 55 case-control studies showed that the G4C14-A4T14 variant was significantly associated with overall cancer development in five genetic models, including the allele model (AM), codominant model 1 (COD1), COD2, dominant model (DM), and over-dominant model (OD). Sub-group analysis based on ethnicity showed significantly higher risks in Africans in COD2 and RM and in Whites in AM, COD2, DM, and recessive model (RM). Cancer-specific subgroup analysis identified significant risks of gynecological (ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer), colorectal, oral, head and neck, and other cancers. Moreover, hospital-based controls revealed significant cancer risks in the AM, COD1, COD2, DM, and RM genetic models. Our findings were confirmed by trial sequential analysis.

CONCLUSION

This meta-analysis confirmed that TP73 G4C14-A4T14 significantly elevates the overall cancer risk, especially in White, African, and hospital-based populations, and specifically predisposes individuals to gynecological, colorectal, oral, and head and neck cancers.This meta-analysis was registered at INPLASY (registration number: INPLASY202210070).

Association between p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and lung cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism (hereafter, G4C14-to-A4T14) and lung cancer risk.

METHODS

The studies on the relationship between G4C14-A4T14 and lung cancer risk published as of November 5, 2018, were comprehensively searched in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biology Medicine (CBM). The last update was on May 24, 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 12.0.

RESULTS

The association between G4C14-A4T14 and lung cancer risk was analyzed in nine studies. The findings indicate no association between G4C14-to-A4T14 and lung cancer risk (allele model: OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.73-1.11, I²  = 86.0%, P = .330; dominant model: OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.74-1.17, I²  = 82.6%, P = .551; recessive model: OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.50-1.13, I²  = 75.2%, P = .165; homozygote model: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.47-1.17, I²  = 79.6%, P = .199; heterozygote model: OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.80-1.21, I²  = 75.8%, P = .879). The heterogeneity between subgroups by cancer types and genotyping method was significantly reduced. After the deletion of suspected duplicates, no association was found between G4C14-to-A4T14 and lung cancer susceptibility.

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis confirms that G4C14-to-A4T14 is not significantly related to lung cancer risk.

Relationship of p73 gene polymorphism and additional gene-smoking and gene-obesity interaction with non-small cell lung cancer risk

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism within P73 gene and additional interactions with current smoking and obesity on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk in a Chinese population.

Results

Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between genotypes of the AT allele in G4C14-to-A4T14 and decreased NSCLC risk. NSCLC risk was significantly lower in carriers of the G4C14-to-A4T14- AT allele than those with GC/GC genotype (AT/AT + GC/AT versus GC/GC), adjusted OR (95%CI) = 0.68 (0.55–0.93). We also found that the OR (95%CI) was 1.88 (1.32-2.47) for current smokers compared with never smokers and 0.69 (0.40–0.95) for obese subjects compared to participants with normal BMI. Never smokers with AT/AT or GC/AT of the G4C14-to-A4T14 genotype have the lowest NSCLC risk compared with smokers with the GC/GC genotype after covariates adjustment, OR (95%CI) = 0.52 (0.26-0.87). Obese participants with G4C14-to-A4T14- AT/AT or GC/AT genotype have the lowest NSCLC risk compared with non- obese subjects with the GC/GC genotype after adjusting for covariates, OR (95% CI) = 0.56 (0.33–0.85).

Materials and Methods

A logistic regression model was used to examine the association between G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and NSCLC, and its interaction with current smoking and obesity. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confident intervals (95%CI) were calculated.

Conclusions

Our results support an important association between the G4C14-to-A4T14 and decreased NSCLC risk and additional impact of an interaction between G4C14-to-A4T14 and smoking or obesity on NSCLC risk.

Association of p73 gene G4C14-A4T14 polymorphism and MDM2 gene SNP309 with non-small cell lung cancer risk in a Chinese population

The present study aimed to investigate the association of p73 G4C14-A4T14 polymorphism and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) 309 T/G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Sothern China. The p73 and MDM2 genotypes of peripheral blood DNA from 186 patients with NSCLC and 196 normal controls were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with confronting two-pair primers (CTPP) and high resolution melting (HRM), respectively. The results of genotyping were consistent with those of direct sequencing. The p73 AT/AT [odds ratio (OR)=0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.22-0.97] and MDM2 TT (OR=0.48; 95% CI=0.26-0.86) genotypes were associated with a decreased risk of developing NSCLC compared with that of the p73 GC/GC and MDM2 GG genotypes, respectively. In addition, the interaction between the p73 and MDM2 polymorphisms reduced the risk of developing NSCLC in multiple ways (OR=0.13; 95% CI=0.03-0.59) for subjects carrying both the p73 AT/AT and MDM2 TT genotypes. Therefore, the SNP in p73 G4C14-A4T14 and the MDM2 309 polymorphism may be markers of genetic susceptibility to NSCLC in a Chinese population, and there is a possible gene-gene interaction involved in the incidence of NSCLC.

Association between a p73 gene polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer in the South of China

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to identify any association between the p73 gene G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the south of China.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We genotyped the p73 gene polymorphism of peripheral blood DNA from 168 patients with NSCLC and 195 normal controls using HRM (high resolution melting) and PCR-CTPP (polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers).

RESULTS

The results of genotyping by HRM and PCR-CTPP were consistent with direct sequencing, the p73 genotype distribution in 168 lung cancer patients being as follows: GC/GC 101 cases (60.1%), GC/ AT 59 cases (35.1%), AT/AT 8 cases (4.8%). The carriers of AT/AT genotype had a significantly reduced risk of NSCLC (OR=0.370; 95%CI: 0.170-0.806; p=0.010) as compared with non-carriers. However, we found no relations between p73 genotypes and histological type (p=0.798, x2=0.452), tumor stage (p=0.806, x2=0.806), or lymph node metastasis (p=0.578, x2=1.098).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism may be a modifier of NSCLC susceptibility in the Chinese population.

Association of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism with non-small cell lung cancer risk

The p73 gene is a structural and functional homolog of the p53 gene, which has a crucial role in mediating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Numerous previous studies have investigated the polymorphism of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 at exon 2, as it was suggested to affect gene expression and result in functional significance. However, the correlation of this polymorphism with clinicopathological variables of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between the gene polymorphism of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 and the risk of developing NSCLC. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers and direct DNA sequencing in 186 NSCLC patients and 196 cancer-free controls. χ²-tests and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the experimental data, including the determination of odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and P-values. The results demonstrated that the AT/AT genotype was associated with a significantly decreased risk of NSCLC (P=0.010; OR=0.370; 95% CI=0.170-0.806) compared with the GC allele genotypes including GC/GC and GC/AT. In addition, carriers of the AT allele exhibited a significantly reduced risk of NSCLC (P=0.038; OR=0.713; 95% CI=0.517-0.983) compared with non-carriers. In conclusion, these results indicated that the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism was a potential marker of NSCLC genetic susceptibility. However, further studies with a larger population are required in order to confirm these results.

Role of p73 Dinucleotide Polymorphism in Prostate Cancer and p73 Protein Isoform Balance

Background. Molecular markers for prostate cancer (PCa) risks are currently lacking. Here we address the potential association of a dinucleotide polymorphism (DNP) in exon 2 of the p73 gene with PCa risk/progression and discern any disruption of p73 protein isoforms levels in cells harboring a p73 DNP allele. Methods. We investigated the association between p73 DNP genotype and PCa risk/aggressiveness and survival by fitting logistic regression models in 1,292 incident cases and 682 controls. Results. Although we detected no association between p73 DNP and PCa risk, a significant inverse relationship between p73 DNP and PCa aggressiveness (AT/AT + GC/AT versus GC/GC, OR = 0.55, 95%Cl = 0.31–0.99) was detected. Also, p73 DNP is marginally associated with overall death (dominant model, HR = 0.76, 95%Cl = 0.57–1.00, P = 0.053) as well as PCa specific death (HR = 0.69, 95%Cl = 0.45–1.06, P = 0.09). Western blot analyses for p73 protein isoforms indicate that cells heterozygous for the p73 DNP have lower levels of ∆Np73 relative to TAp73 (P < 0.001). Conclusions. Our findings are consistent with an association between p73 DNP and low risk for PCa aggressiveness by increasing the expressed TAp73/∆Np73 protein isoform ratio.

Association between the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control and family-based study

p73, a structural and functional homolog of p53, plays an important role in modulating cell cycle control and apoptosis. We examined whether the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism was related to the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) among Chinese populations. The G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism was genotyped in 593 NPC cases and 480 controls, and in 102 NPC trios. Logistic regression analysis and transmission/disequilibrium tests (TDT) were performed to evaluate whether there was an association between the polymorphism and NPC, respectively. Functional analyses were conducted to verify the biological relevance of the polymorphism. We observed that compared with the GC/GC genotype, the genotypes containing AT allele (GC/AT + AT/AT genotypes) were associated with significantly increased susceptibility to NPC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16-1.95; P = 0.002]. Furthermore, compared with the GC/GC genotype, the GC/AT + AT/AT genotypes were significantly associated with the advanced lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.02-2.11; P = 0.041). A significantly greater than expected transmission of the AT allele from heterozygous parents to offspring was also observed (P = 0.049) using the TDT. By using the TdT-mediated dUPT-biotin nick end labeling assay, we observed lower apoptosis in NPC tissues from the AT allele carriers compared with that from non-carriers. Furthermore, the relative TAp73 RNA levels of the AT allele were lower than those of the GC allele in heterozygous cells. Our findings suggest that the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism may play a role in mediating the susceptibility to NPC in Chinese populations.

Association of functional polymorphisms in the MxA gene with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection

Myxovirus resistance A (MxA) is an antiviral protein induced by type I interferons α and β (IFN-α and IFN-β) that can inhibit virus replication. We examined whether the MxA polymorphisms were related to the risk and severity of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in Chinese populations. The MxA C-123A and G-88T polymorphisms were genotyped in two independent case–control populations in China by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). MxA messenger RNA was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 45 healthy children and 19 patients with EV71 infection. Significantly decreased susceptibility to EV71 infection was observed for the -123A allele and -88T allele carriers, with ORs (95 % CIs) estimated as 0.56 (0.39–0.81) and 0.64 (0.47–0.88), respectively, in the northern population. This association was confirmed in the southern population, with ORs (95 % CIs) estimated as 0.58 (0.38–0.89) and 0.67(0.47–0.95), respectively. The A_-123T_-88 haplotype was also significantly associated with lower risk of EV71 infection in both the northern (OR = 0.62; 95 % CI = 0.44–0.85) and the southern population (OR = 0.63; 95 % CI = 0.43–0.92). Furthermore, we observed higher MxA messenger RNA levels in IFNβ1a-stimulated PBMCs from the -123A or -88T allele carriers compared with that from nocarriers. Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in the MxA promoter may play a role in mediating the susceptibility to EV71 infection in Chinese population.