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Chen YZ, Li T, Yang J, Li QM, Zhang GC, Zhang J. Transcriptomic analysis of interactions between Lymantria dispar larvae and carvacrol. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 181:105012. [PMID: 35082035 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to its biological activity, carvacrol (CAR) is widely used in medicine, agriculture, and forestry. Our previous studies showed that in Lymantria dispar larvae, CAR treatment can induce the production of antifeedants and lead to growth inhibition and death of larvae. However, the effect CAR exerts on RNA levels in L. dispar larvae remains unclear. In this study, the Illumina HiSeq4000 sequencing platform was used to sequence the total RNA of L. dispar larvae. A total of six cDNA libraries (three treatments and three controls) were established and 39,807 genes were generated. Compared with the control group, 296 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (142 up-regulated and 154 down-regulated) were identified after CAR treatment. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that these DEGs mainly clustered in the metabolism of xenobiotics, carbohydrates, and lipids. Furthermore, 12 DEGs were found to be involved in detoxification, including six cytochrome P450s, two esterases, one glutathione peroxidase, one UDP-glycosyltransferase gene, and two genes encoding heat shock proteins. The expression levels of detoxification genes changed under CAR treatment (especially P450s), which further yielded candidate genes for explorations of the insecticidal mechanism of CAR. The reliability of transcriptome data was verified by qRT-PCR. The enzyme activities of CYP450 and acid phosphatase significantly increased (by 38.52 U/mg·prot and 0.12 μmol/min·mg, respectively) 72 h after CAR treatment. However, the activity of alkaline phosphatase did not change significantly. These changes in enzyme activity corroborated the reliability of the transcriptome data at the protein level. The results of GO enrichment analysis of DEGs indicated that CAR influenced the oxidation-reduction process in L. dispar larvae. Furthermore, CAR can cause oxidative stress in L. dispar larvae, identified through the determination of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, total antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide content. This study provides useful insight into the insecticidal mechanism of CAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ze Chen
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China; School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Gaoxin St. 115, Guiyang 550018, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR CHina
| | - Qi-Meng Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Guo-Cai Zhang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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Gaudelet T, Malod-Dognin N, Pržulj N. Higher-order molecular organization as a source of biological function. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:i944-i953. [PMID: 30423061 PMCID: PMC6129285 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Molecular interactions have widely been modelled as networks. The local wiring patterns around molecules in molecular networks are linked with their biological functions. However, networks model only pairwise interactions between molecules and cannot explicitly and directly capture the higher-order molecular organization, such as protein complexes and pathways. Hence, we ask if hypergraphs (hypernetworks), that directly capture entire complexes and pathways along with protein-protein interactions (PPIs), carry additional functional information beyond what can be uncovered from networks of pairwise molecular interactions. The mathematical formalism of a hypergraph has long been known, but not often used in studying molecular networks due to the lack of sophisticated algorithms for mining the underlying biological information hidden in the wiring patterns of molecular systems modelled as hypernetworks. Results We propose a new, multi-scale, protein interaction hypernetwork model that utilizes hypergraphs to capture different scales of protein organization, including PPIs, protein complexes and pathways. In analogy to graphlets, we introduce hypergraphlets, small, connected, non-isomorphic, induced sub-hypergraphs of a hypergraph, to quantify the local wiring patterns of these multi-scale molecular hypergraphs and to mine them for new biological information. We apply them to model the multi-scale protein networks of bakers yeast and human and show that the higher-order molecular organization captured by these hypergraphs is strongly related to the underlying biology. Importantly, we demonstrate that our new models and data mining tools reveal different, but complementary biological information compared with classical PPI networks. We apply our hypergraphlets to successfully predict biological functions of uncharacterized proteins. Availability and implementation Code and data are available online at http://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/natasa/hypergraphlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gaudelet
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Noël Malod-Dognin
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nataša Pržulj
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
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3
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Chen Y, Cang S, Han L, Liu C, Yang P, Solangi Z, Lu Q, Liu D, Chiao JW. Establishment of prostate cancer spheres from a prostate cancer cell line after phenethyl isothiocyanate treatment and discovery of androgen-dependent reversible differentiation between sphere and neuroendocrine cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26567-79. [PMID: 27034170 PMCID: PMC5041999 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer can transform from androgen-responsive to an androgen-independent phenotype. The mechanism responsible for the transformation remains unclear. We studied the effects of an epigenetic modulator, phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), on the androgen-responsive LNCaP cells. After treatment with PEITC, floating spheres were formed with characteristics of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSC). These spheres were capable of self-renewal in media with and without androgen. They have been maintained in both types of media as long term cultures. Upon androgen deprivation, the adherent spheres differentiated to neuroendocrine cells (NEC) with decreased proliferation, expression of androgen receptor, and PSA. NEC reverse differentiated to spheres when androgen was replenished. The sphere cells expressed surface marker CD44 and had enhanced histone H3K4 acetylation, DNMT1 down-regulation and GSTP1 activation. We hypothesize that PEITC-mediated alteration in epigenomics of LNCaP cells may give rise to sphere cells, whereas reversible androgenomic alterations govern the shuttling between sphere PCSC and progeny NEC. Our findings identify unrecognized properties of prostate cancer sphere cells with multi-potential plasticity. This system will facilitate development of novel therapeutic agents and allow further exploration into epigenomics and androgenomics governing the transformation to hormone refractory prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Chen
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.,Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shundong Cang
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.,Department of Oncology, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liying Han
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Christina Liu
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Patrick Yang
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Zeeshan Solangi
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Quanyi Lu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Delong Liu
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - J W Chiao
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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4
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Zhang C, Ma Z, Zhang X, Wu H. Transcriptomic alterations in Sitophilus zeamais in response to allyl isothiocyanate fumigation. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 137:62-70. [PMID: 28364805 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To study the fumigation mechanisms of Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) a promising biorational alternative to present fumigants (phosphine and methyl bromide), and provide theoretical basis for its further development in the control of stored grain pests, this research presents a transcriptome analysis of Sitophilus zeamais fumigated with AITC at the concentration of LC50 (5.69μg/mL) and control over 8h. 21,869,022 and 23,873,110 clean reads in insects fumigated with AITC and control were gained, respectively. The results of RNA-seq were confirmed by qRT-PCR determination of the expression levels of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 and Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit B in the insects fumigated with AITC at different concentrations. After enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes, 117 over-expressed and 271 down-regulated transcripts were gained. Following GO enrichment, these transcripts were classified into 38 GO subgroups (at level 2), and the majority enriched GO terms were "Binding" "Cell process" and "metabolic". KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the majority enriched pathway were "Folding, sorting and degradation", "Transport and catabolism", "Energy metabolism", and "Carbohydrate metabolism". Connected with previous researches on mechanisms of isothiocyanates, cytoskeleton collapse and mitochondria dysfunction are proposed to be significant lethal mechanisms of AITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Hua Wu
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Nachat A, Turoff-Ortmeyer S, Liu C, Mcculloch M. PEITC in End-Stage B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia: Case Report of Possible Sensitization to Salvage R-CHOP. Perm J 2017; 20:74-80. [PMID: 27168399 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/15-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL) is a rare, aggressive leukemia distinct from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, with median survival of only 3 years. B-PLL is resistant to most chemotherapy and newer targeted therapies such as alemtuzumab and thalidomide. Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a natural compound from horseradish with evidence for therapeutic potential in multiple leukemia types. CASE PRESENTATION Here we present a case report of a 53-year-old man whose chronic lymphocytic leukemia transformed to end-stage B-PLL, disqualifying him for allogenic stem cell transplantation. He was treated with PEITC followed by salvage R-CHOP (Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin [doxorubicin hydrochloride], Oncovin [vincristine sulfate], Prednisone or Prednisolone) chemotherapy, which led to normalized white blood cell count and disease stabilization that requalified him for allogenic peripheral stem-cell transplant therapy. We conducted a systematic review to analyze and interpret the potential contribution of PEITC to his unexpectedly favorable R-CHOP response. Following sequential 8 weeks of PEITC/pentostatin and 6 cycles of R-CHOP, the patient received allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplant on an outpatient basis and remains well at the time of this publication, with no evidence of CD20+ small B-cells. DISCUSSION Given the limited data for R-CHOP in B-PLL, this patient's recovery suggests presensitization of B-PLL cells toward R-CHOP, potentially justifying further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arian Nachat
- Physician Lead for Integrative Medicine at Walnut Creek Hospital in CA.
| | | | - Chunnan Liu
- Medical Oncologist at Walnut Creek Hospital in CA.
| | - Michael Mcculloch
- Chief of Research for Integrative Medicine at the Pine Street Foundation in San Anselmo and at Walnut Creek Hospital in CA.
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6
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Novío S, Cartea ME, Soengas P, Freire-Garabal M, Núñez-Iglesias MJ. Effects of Brassicaceae Isothiocyanates on Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2016; 21:E626. [PMID: 27187332 PMCID: PMC6272898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the major progress made in the field of cancer biology, cancer is still one of the leading causes of mortality, and prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most encountered malignancies among men. The effective management of this disease requires developing better anticancer agents with greater efficacy and fewer side effects. Nature is a large source for the development of chemotherapeutic agents, with more than 50% of current anticancer drugs being of natural origin. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are degradation products from glucosinolates that are present in members of the family Brassicaceae. Although they are known for a variety of therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial properties, nowadays, cell line and animal studies have additionally indicated the chemopreventive action without causing toxic side effects of ITCs. In this way, they can induce cell cycle arrest, activate apoptosis pathways, increase the sensitivity of resistant PCa to available chemodrugs, modulate epigenetic changes and downregulate activated signaling pathways, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation, progression and invasion-metastasis. The present review summarizes the chemopreventive role of ITCs with a particular emphasis on specific molecular targets and epigenetic alterations in in vitro and in vivo cancer animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Novío
- Lennart Levi Stress and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - María Elena Cartea
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC) Aptdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Pilar Soengas
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC) Aptdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Manuel Freire-Garabal
- Lennart Levi Stress and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Núñez-Iglesias
- Lennart Levi Stress and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
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Felker P, Bunch R, Leung AM. Concentrations of thiocyanate and goitrin in human plasma, their precursor concentrations in brassica vegetables, and associated potential risk for hypothyroidism. Nutr Rev 2016; 74:248-58. [PMID: 26946249 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica vegetables are common components of the diet and have beneficial as well as potentially adverse health effects. Following enzymatic breakdown, some glucosinolates in brassica vegetables produce sulforaphane, phenethyl, and indolylic isothiocyanates that possess anticarcinogenic activity. In contrast, progoitrin and indolylic glucosinolates degrade to goitrin and thiocyanate, respectively, and may decrease thyroid hormone production. Radioiodine uptake to the thyroid is inhibited by 194 μmol of goitrin, but not by 77 μmol of goitrin. Collards, Brussels sprouts, and some Russian kale (Brassica napus) contain sufficient goitrin to potentially decrease iodine uptake by the thyroid. However, turnip tops, commercial broccoli, broccoli rabe, and kale belonging to Brassica oleracae contain less than 10 μmol of goitrin per 100-g serving and can be considered of minimal risk. Using sulforaphane plasma levels following glucoraphanin ingestion as a surrogate for thiocyanate plasma concentrations after indole glucosinolate ingestion, the maximum thiocyanate contribution from indole glucosinolate degradation is estimated to be 10 μM, which is significantly lower than background plasma thiocyanate concentrations (40-69 μM). Thiocyanate generated from consumption of indole glucosinolate can be assumed to have minimal adverse risks for thyroid health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Felker
- P. Felker and R. Bunch are with the D'Arrigo Bros. Co., of California, Salinas, California, USA. A.M. Leung is with the Division of Endocrinology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, and the Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Ronald Bunch
- P. Felker and R. Bunch are with the D'Arrigo Bros. Co., of California, Salinas, California, USA. A.M. Leung is with the Division of Endocrinology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, and the Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Angela M Leung
- P. Felker and R. Bunch are with the D'Arrigo Bros. Co., of California, Salinas, California, USA. A.M. Leung is with the Division of Endocrinology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, and the Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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8
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Du C, Li Y, Guo Y, Han M, Zhang W, Qian H. The suppression of torulene and torularhodin treatment on the growth of PC-3 xenograft prostate tumors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:1146-52. [PMID: 26742427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Torulene and torularhodin are two of the principal carotenoids in Sporidiobolus pararoseus and have a similar structure to that of lycopene. The present study was to elucidate the anti-cancer activity of torulene and torularhodin in vivo with lycopene as a control. Nude mice were orally supplemented every day with a low or high dose [9 or 18 mg/kg body weight (BW)] of lycopene, torularhodin or torulene. Two weeks after the supplementation, mice were injected once with hormone-independent prostatic carcinoma PC-3 cells. When the tumor of the control group load exceeded 200 mm(3), mice were killed and the study was terminated. Compared with the controls, high-carotenoid supplementation lowered the mean number of tumors from 248.13 ± 28.74 to 50.83 ± 7.63, 70.34 ± 6.77, and 60.53 ± 6.78 mm(3) (P < 0.05, n = 8) by, respectively. Histological examination showed tumor degeneration, apoptosis and necrosis presented at the end of the experiment. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry results showed Bcl-2 expression of the control group was higher than that of the carotenoid-treated group while the expression of Bax was lower than the carotenoid-treated group. High-carotenoid supplementation also increased the mRNA expressions of caspase-3, 8 and 9 in tumor tissues. These results show that both torulene and torularhodin supplementation inhibit the growth of prostate cancer in nude mice and suggest that such an action is associated the apoptosis of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Yingchao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Yahui Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Mei Han
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - He Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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9
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Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA. Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S5-S24. [PMID: 25869442 PMCID: PMC4600419 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall prognosis of the affected patient. Genomic instability arises from many different pathways, such as telomere damage, centrosome amplification, epigenetic modifications, and DNA damage from endogenous and exogenous sources, and can be perpetuating, or limiting, through the induction of mutations or aneuploidy, both enabling and catastrophic. Many cancer treatments induce DNA damage to impair cell division on a global scale but it is accepted that personalized treatments, those that are tailored to the particular patient and type of cancer, must also be developed. In this review, we detail the mechanisms from which genomic instability arises and can lead to cancer, as well as treatments and measures that prevent genomic instability or take advantage of the cellular defects caused by genomic instability. In particular, we identify and discuss five priority targets against genomic instability: (1) prevention of DNA damage; (2) enhancement of DNA repair; (3) targeting deficient DNA repair; (4) impairing centrosome clustering; and, (5) inhibition of telomerase activity. Moreover, we highlight vitamin D and B, selenium, carotenoids, PARP inhibitors, resveratrol, and isothiocyanates as priority approaches against genomic instability. The prioritized target sites and approaches were cross validated to identify potential synergistic effects on a number of important areas of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, United States
| | | | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research & Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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10
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Gupta P, Wright SE, Kim SH, Srivastava SK. Phenethyl isothiocyanate: a comprehensive review of anti-cancer mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:405-24. [PMID: 25152445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiological evidence suggests a strong inverse relationship between dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables and the incidence of cancer. Among other constituents of cruciferous vegetables, isothiocyanates (ITC) are the main bioactive chemicals present. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is present as gluconasturtiin in many cruciferous vegetables with remarkable anti-cancer effects. PEITC is known to not only prevent the initiation phase of carcinogenesis process but also to inhibit the progression of tumorigenesis. PEITC targets multiple proteins to suppress various cancer-promoting mechanisms such as cell proliferation, progression and metastasis. Pre-clinical evidence suggests that combination of PEITC with conventional anti-cancer agents is also highly effective in improving overall efficacy. Based on accumulating evidence, PEITC appears to be a promising agent for cancer therapy and is already under clinical trials for leukemia and lung cancer. This is the first review which provides a comprehensive analysis of known targets and mechanisms along with a critical evaluation of PEITC as a future anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Stephen E Wright
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kyunghee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul 131-701, South Korea.
| | - Sanjay K Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kyunghee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul 131-701, South Korea.
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