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Interleukin-35 inhibits angiogenesis through T helper17/ Interleukin-17 related signaling pathways in IL-1β-stimulated SW1353 cells. Mol Immunol 2022; 147:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Singh AP, Sharma A. Structural Insights and Pharmaceutical Relevance of Plumbagin in Parasitic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 17:187-198. [PMID: 36065920 DOI: 10.2174/2772434417666220905121531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, natural products have been became the center of attraction for the scientific society and exploration of their biologically abilities is proceeding continuously. In search for novel antiparasitic agents with an objective of protecting humans from parasitic infections, the present work was focused on naphthoquinones possessing antiparasitic activity. Among naphthoquinones, plumbagin is one of the secondary metabolites exhibiting diverse biological properties such as antibacterial, antimalarial, antiinflammatory, insecticidal and antiparasitic. Plumbagin is reported to have antischistosomiasis, anti-haemonchosis, anti-fascioliasis, antiotoacariasis, anti-leishmaniasis, antimalaria, antiallergic and anthelmintic activities. Besides, various methods of extraction of plumbagin from different methods, their effectiveness against different parasites, and the structure-activity relationship reported by different researchers. This work highlight on recent advancements in the phytochemistry of plumbagin, studies associated with various biological activities. The structure-activity relationship studies have also been summarized. To conclude, present review could be beneficial for the scientific community to get better insight into medicinal research of plumbagin and may provide a new horizon for the rational design of plumbagin based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alok Sharma
- ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
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3
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Plumbagin promotes mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in gefitinib sensitive and resistant A549 lung cancer cell line through enhancing reactive oxygen species generation. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4155-4168. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05464-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Swain SS, Paidesetty SK, Padhy RN, Hussain T. Isoniazid-phytochemical conjugation: A new approach for potent and less toxic anti-TB drug development. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:714-730. [PMID: 32237023 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes one of the most grievous pandemic infectious diseases, tuberculosis (TB), with long-term morbidity and high mortality. The emergence of drug-resistant Mtb strains, and the co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus, challenges the current WHO-TB stewardship programs. The first-line anti-TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF), have become extensively obsolete in TB control from chromosomal mutations during the last decades. However, based on clinical trial statistics, the production of well-tolerated anti-TB drug(s) is miserably low. Alternately, semi-synthesis or structural modifications of first-line obsolete antitubercular drugs remain as the versatile approach for getting some potential medicines. The use of any suitable phytochemicals with INH in a hybrid formulation could be an ideal approach for the development of potent anti-TB drug(s). The primary objective of this review was to highlight and analyze available INH-phytochemical hybrid research works. The utilization of phytochemicals through chemical conjugation is a new trend toward the development of safer/non-toxic anti-TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasank S Swain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.,Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sudhir K Paidesetty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rabindra N Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tahziba Hussain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
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Calcium as a Key Player in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Adhesion Disorder or Intracellular Alteration? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163986. [PMID: 31426283 PMCID: PMC6721231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart disease characterized by sudden death in young people and featured by fibro-adipose myocardium replacement, malignant arrhythmias, and heart failure. To date, no etiological therapies are available. Mutations in desmosomal genes cause abnormal mechanical coupling, trigger pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, and induce fibro-adipose replacement. Here, we discuss the hypothesis that the ACM causative mechanism involves a defect in the expression and/or activity of the cardiac Ca2+ handling machinery, focusing on the available data supporting this hypothesis. The Ca2+ toolkit is heavily remodeled in cardiomyocytes derived from a mouse model of ACM defective of the desmosomal protein plakophilin-2. Furthermore, ACM-related mutations were found in genes encoding for proteins involved in excitation‒contraction coupling, e.g., type 2 ryanodine receptor and phospholamban. As a consequence, the sarcoplasmic reticulum becomes more eager to release Ca2+, thereby inducing delayed afterdepolarizations and impairing cardiac contractility. These data are supported by preliminary observations from patient induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Assessing the involvement of Ca2+ signaling in the pathogenesis of ACM could be beneficial in the treatment of this life-threatening disease.
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De U, Son JY, Jeon Y, Ha SY, Park YJ, Yoon S, Ha KT, Choi WS, Lee BM, Kim IS, Kwak JH, Kim HS. Plumbagin from a tropical pitcher plant (Nepenthes alata Blanco) induces apoptotic cell death via a p53-dependent pathway in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:492-500. [PMID: 30458268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone) has displayed antitumor activity in vitro and in animal models; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of plumbagin isolated from Nepenthes alata against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We examined the cytotoxicity, cell cycle regulation, apoptotic cell death, and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MCF-7 cells. Plumbagin exhibited potent cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells (wild-type p53) compared to that in SK-OV-3 (null-type) human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Specifically, plumbagin upregulated the expression of p21CIP1/WAF1 in MCF-7 cells, causing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase through inhibition of cyclin B1 levels. Plumbagin also significantly increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and release of cytochrome c, resulting in apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, plumbagin dramatically increased the intracellular ROS level, whereas pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine protected against plumbagin-induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that ROS formation plays a pivotal role in antitumor activity in MCF-7 cells. In mice bearing MCF-7 cell xenografts, plumbagin significantly reduced tumor growth and weight without apparent side effects. We therefore concluded that plumbagin exerts anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells through the generation of intracellular ROS, resulting in the induction of apoptosis via a p53-dependent pathway. This study thus identifies a new anticancer mechanism of plumbagin against p53-dependent breast cancer cells and suggests a novel strategy for overcoming of breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umasankar De
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Son
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukyoung Jeon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Ha
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungpil Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- School of Korean Medicine and Healthy Aging Korean Medicine Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Mu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Kwak
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Ghosh SK, Ganta A, Spanjaard RA. Discovery and cellular stress pathway analysis of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives with novel, highly potent broad-spectrum anticancer activity. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:12. [PMID: 29422060 PMCID: PMC5804083 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy and targeted therapies have made important strides in cancer treatment yet they often fail and new therapies are still needed. Here, we employed a phenotypic screen to identify and analyze the mechanism of action of novel small molecules that interfere with critical pathways involved in tumor cell growth, using chemoresistant A375 melanoma cells as a model. METHODS Cell culture studies were performed in ATCC-recommended media. Compounds, and compound libraries were obtained from Boston University or purchased commercially. Effects on A375 cell viability, proliferation and morphology were determined by Celigo Image Cytometer and viability staining. Anticancer activity of the lead compound was tested in a xenograft nude mouse model. Signaling and cell death pathways were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting, and/or fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS After evaluating 4477 compounds, one hit compound CB533 was identified that caused significant reduction of A375 cell growth. CB533 is an unexplored 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) derivative which unlike 1,4-NQ, induced rapid cell death without generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that a pyrrolidine in the 1,4-NQ nucleus in lead compound Pyr-1 yielded optimal activity. CB533 and Pyr-1 had growth-suppressing effects on a large variety of chemotherapy-resistant cancer cell lines in the nano to picomolar range. Pyr-1 also significantly reduced growth of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in nude mice. Pyr-1 rapidly induced activation of major stress pathways and autophagy, which was efficiently blocked by ERK, and somewhat by PI3K inhibitors. CONCLUSION CB533 and lead Pyr-1 represent novel broad-spectrum, anticancer compounds that are up to 1000-fold more potent than plumbagin, a natural 1,4-NQ with known anticancer activity. Since the growth suppression activities of CB533 and Pyr-1 are unaffected by the chemotherapy resistance of cancer cells, these compounds have promising therapeutic potential. The pyrrolidine in the 3 position of the 1,4-NQ nucleus of Pyr-1 is a critical component of the pharmacophore. Pyr-1-induced cellular stress was mediated by an ERK, and to a lesser extent by an AKT-dependent pathway without involving apoptosis. Our data suggest that Pyr-1 derives its greatly enhanced antitumor activity via mimicking ROS-induced stress signaling without generating ROS, and likely committing cells to autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal K Ghosh
- Cancer Center, Departments of Otolaryngology, Dermatology and Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Abhishek Ganta
- Cancer Center, Departments of Otolaryngology, Dermatology and Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Remco A Spanjaard
- Cancer Center, Departments of Otolaryngology, Dermatology and Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. .,Q-Ring, Inc, Brookline, MA, 02446, USA.
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Escobedo-González R, Vargas-Requena CL, Moyers-Montoya E, Aceves-Hernández JM, Nicolás-Vázquez MI, Miranda-Ruvalcaba R. In silico Study of the Pharmacologic Properties and Cytotoxicity Pathways in Cancer Cells of Various Indolylquinone Analogues of Perezone. Molecules 2017; 22:E1060. [PMID: 28672837 PMCID: PMC6152338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several indolylquinone analogues of perezone, a natural sesquiterpene quinone, were characterized in this work by theoretical methods. In addition, some physicochemical, toxicological and metabolic properties were predicted using bioinformatics software. The predicted physicochemical properties are in agreement with the solubility and cLogP values, the penetration across the cell membrane, and absorption values, as well as with a possible apoptosis-activated mechanism of cytotoxic action. The toxicological predictions suggest no mutagenic, tumorigenic or reproductive effects of the four target molecules. Complementarily, the results of a performed docking study show high scoring values and hydrogen bonding values in agreement with the cytotoxicity IC50 value ranking, i.e: indolylmenadione > indolylperezone > indolylplumbagine > indolylisoperezone. Consequently, it is possible to suggest an appropriate apoptotic pathway for each compound. Finally, potential metabolic pathways of the molecules were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Escobedo-González
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, C.P. 54740, México.
| | - Claudia Lucia Vargas-Requena
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Henry Dunant #4600, Ciudad Juárez 32310, México.
| | - Edgar Moyers-Montoya
- Instituto de Ingeniería y tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ave. Del Charro 450 Norte, Ciudad Juárez 32310, México.
| | - Juan Manuel Aceves-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, C.P. 54740, México.
| | - María Inés Nicolás-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, C.P. 54740, México.
| | - René Miranda-Ruvalcaba
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, C.P. 54740, México.
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Kawiak A, Domachowska A. Plumbagin Suppresses the Invasion of HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells through Inhibition of IKKα-Mediated NF-κB Activation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164064. [PMID: 27727280 PMCID: PMC5058502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-overexpressing breast cancers account for about 30% of breast cancer occurrences and have been correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness and invasiveness. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is overexpressed in a subset of HER2-positive breast cancers and its upregulation has been associated with the metastatic potential of HER2-overexpressing tumors. The present study aimed at determining the potential of plumbagin, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone, to inhibit the invasion of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells and determine the involvement of NF-κB inhibition in plumbagin-mediated cell invasion suppression. In the present research we showed that plumbagin inhibited the transcriptional activity of NF-κB in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The suppression of NF-κB activation corresponded with the inhibition of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and downregulation of NF-κB-regulated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression. Plumbagin suppressed the invasion of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells and the inhibition of cell invasion was associated with the ability of plumbagin to inhibit NF-κB transcriptional activity. The silencing of NF-κB p65 increased the sensitivity of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells to plumbagin-induced cell invasion inhibition. NF-κB inhibition was associated with IκB kinase α (IKKα) activity suppression and inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. The knockdown of IKKα resulted in increased sensitivity of HER2-positive cells to plumbagin-induced suppression of NF-κB transcriptional activity and expression of MMP-9. In conclusion, plumbagin inhibits the invasion of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells through the inhibition of IKKα-mediated NF-κB activation and downregulation of NF-κB-regulated MMP-9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kawiak
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk & Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Laboratory of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Subfaculty of Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Domachowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk & Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Somasundaram V, Hemalatha SK, Pal K, Sinha S, Nair AS, Mukhopadhyay D, Srinivas P. Selective mode of action of plumbagin through BRCA1 deficient breast cancer stem cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:336. [PMID: 27229859 PMCID: PMC4882782 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies over the past decade and half have identified cancer stem cells (CSCs) to be responsible for tumorigenesis, invasion, sustenance of metastatic disease, radio- and chemo-resistance and tumor relapse. Recent reports have described the plasticity of breast CSCs (BCSCs) to shift between the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET) states as the reason for their invasive capabilities. Additionally, BRCA1 has been found to be a mammary stem cell fate determinant. However, it is not clear what would be the best marker that can be used for identifying CSCs in BRCA1 mutated cancers. Also, anticancer agents that can reduce CSC population in a BRCA1 defective condition have not been addressed so far. Methods Putative BCSCs were identified based on Hoechst exclusion, CD44+/24–/low expression and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) positivity using flow cytometry. The ‘stemness’ of the isolated ALDH1+ cells were analysed by immunofluorescence, western blotting for stem cell and EMT markers as well as in vitro mammosphere assays. Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by Plumbagin (PB) in BCSCs was assayed by Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining. Ovarian cancer xenografts treated with PB were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis to study the ability of PB to target CSCs. Results We have confirmed that ALDH1 positivity is the best marker for the identification of BCSCs in BRCA1-defective breast cancer cell lines when compared to the CD marker profile and Side Population (SP) analysis. BRCA1 status was observed to be a determinant of the abundance of epithelial-like (ALDH1+) or mesenchymal-like (CD44+/24–/low) BCSCs, and the reconstitution of a full length, wild type BRCA1 in HCC1937 breast cancer cells possessing a mutated BRCA1, transforms them from ‘stem-like’ to more ‘mesenchymal’. For the first time we have shown that Plumbagin (PB), a naturally occurring naphthoquinone which is predominantly a ROS inducer, could reduce BCSCs specifically in BRCA1-defective, basal-like cancer cells. Conclusions The best marker for identifying BCSCs in BRCA1 defective condition could be ALDH1 and that BRCA1 mutated BCSCs would be mostly ‘stem like’ than ‘mesenchymal’. Also ROS inducers like PB could reduce BCSCs in BRCA1 defective cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2372-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Somasundaram
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.,Present address: Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 567, Room 254, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
| | - Sreelatha K Hemalatha
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sutapa Sinha
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Asha S Nair
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
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Increased sensitivity of BRCA defective triple negative breast tumors to plumbagin through induction of DNA Double Strand Breaks (DSB). Sci Rep 2016; 6:26631. [PMID: 27220670 PMCID: PMC4879579 DOI: 10.1038/srep26631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have earlier shown that Plumbagin (PB) can induce selective cytotoxicity to BRCA1 defective ovarian cancer cells; however, the effect of this molecule in BRCA1 mutated breast cancers has not been analyzed yet. Here, we report that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by PB resulted in DNA DSB and activates downstream signaling by ATR/ATM kinases and subsequent apoptosis. PB reduces DNA- dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) expression and inhibits NHEJ (Non Homologous End Joining) activity in BRCA1 defective breast cancer cells. Also, PB induces apoptosis in two different BRCA1 conditional knock out murine models: MMTV-Cre; BRCA1Co/Co and WAP-Cre; BRCA1Co/Co, at 2 mg/kg body weight, but 32 mg/kg of carboplatin (CN) was needed to induce apoptosis in them. This is the first study where two different tissue specific promoter driven transgenic mice models with BRCA1 exon 11 deletions are used for preclinical drug testing. The apoptosis induced by PB in HR (Homologous Recombination) defective triple negative BRCA1 mutant cell lines and in mouse models occur by inducing ROS mediated DNA DSB. The toxicity profile as compared with CN in transgenic mice provides evidence for PB’s safer disposition as a therapeutic lead in breast cancer drug development.
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Somasundaram V, Nadhan R, K Hemalatha S, Kumar Sengodan S, Srinivas P. Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species: Clues to target oxidative damage repair defective breast cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 101:184-92. [PMID: 27017408 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of various biomolecules in cancer progression and therapy has led to the exploration of the roles of two cardinal players, namely Nitric Oxide (NO) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in cancer. Both ROS and NO display bimodal fashions of functional activity in a concentration dependent manner, by inducing either pro- or anti- tumorigenic signals. Researchers have identified the potential capability of NO and ROS in therapies owing to their role in eliciting pro-apoptotic signals at higher concentrations and their ability to sensitize cancer cells to one another as well as to other therapeutics. We review the prospects of NO and ROS in cancer progression and therapy, and analyze the role of a combinatorial therapy wherein an NO donor (SNAP) is used to sensitize the oxidative damage repair defective, triple negative breast cancer cells (HCC 1937) to a potent ROS inducer. Preliminary findings support the potential to employ various combinatorial regimes for anti-cancer therapies with regard to exploiting the chemo-sensitization property of NO donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Somasundaram
- Cancer Research Program 5, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P O, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Revathy Nadhan
- Cancer Research Program 5, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P O, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Sreelatha K Hemalatha
- Cancer Research Program 5, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P O, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Sengodan
- Cancer Research Program 5, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P O, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Cancer Research Program 5, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P O, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India.
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R.S. R, K.H. S, Somasundaram V, S. SK, Nadhan R, Nair RS, Srinivas P. Plumbagin, a naphthaquinone derivative induces apoptosis in BRCA 1/2 defective castrate resistant prostate cancer cells as well as prostate cancer stem-like cells. Pharmacol Res 2016; 105:134-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Widhalm JR, Rhodes D. Biosynthesis and molecular actions of specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone natural products produced by horticultural plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2016; 3:16046. [PMID: 27688890 PMCID: PMC5030760 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The 1,4-naphthoquinones (1,4-NQs) are a diverse group of natural products found in every kingdom of life. Plants, including many horticultural species, collectively synthesize hundreds of specialized 1,4-NQs with ecological roles in plant-plant (allelopathy), plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions. Numerous horticultural plants producing 1,4-NQs have also served as sources of traditional medicines for hundreds of years. As a result, horticultural species have been at the forefront of many basic studies conducted to understand the metabolism and function of specialized plant 1,4-NQs. Several 1,4-NQ natural products derived from horticultural plants have also emerged as promising scaffolds for developing new drugs. In this review, the current understanding of the core metabolic pathways leading to plant 1,4-NQs is provided with additional emphasis on downstream natural products originating from horticultural species. An overview on the biochemical mechanisms of action, both from an ecological and pharmacological perspective, of 1,4-NQs derived from horticultural plants is also provided. In addition, future directions for improving basic knowledge about plant 1,4-NQ metabolism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Widhalm
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
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| | - David Rhodes
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
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Kiyama R, Wada-Kiyama Y. Estrogenic endocrine disruptors: Molecular mechanisms of action. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 83:11-40. [PMID: 26073844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of more than 450 estrogenic chemicals including estrogenic endocrine disruptors is provided here to understand the complex and profound impact of estrogen action. First, estrogenic chemicals are categorized by structure as well as their applications, usage and effects. Second, estrogenic signaling is examined by the molecular mechanism based on the receptors, signaling pathways, crosstalk/bypassing and autocrine/paracrine/homeostatic networks involved in the signaling. Third, evaluation of estrogen action is discussed by focusing on the technologies and protocols of the assays for assessing estrogenicity. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of estrogen action is important to assess the action of endocrine disruptors and will be used for risk management based on pathway-based toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoiti Kiyama
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Yuko Wada-Kiyama
- Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
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Jamal MS, Parveen S, Beg MA, Suhail M, Chaudhary AGA, Damanhouri GA, Abuzenadah AM, Rehan M. Anticancer compound plumbagin and its molecular targets: a structural insight into the inhibitory mechanisms using computational approaches. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87309. [PMID: 24586269 PMCID: PMC3937309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a naphthoquinone derivative from the roots of plant Plumbago zeylanica and belongs to one of the largest and diverse groups of plant metabolites. The anticancer and antiproliferative activities of plumbagin have been observed in animal models as well as in cell cultures. Plumbagin exerts inhibitory effects on multiple cancer-signaling proteins, however, the binding mode and the molecular interactions have not yet been elucidated for most of these protein targets. The present study is the first attempt to provide structural insights into the binding mode of plumbagin to five cancer signaling proteins viz. PI3Kγ, AKT1/PKBα, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and Stat3 using molecular docking and (un)binding simulation analysis. We validated plumbagin docking to these targets with previously known important residues. The study also identified and characterized various novel interacting residues of these targets which mediate the binding of plumbagin. Moreover, the exact modes of inhibition when multiple mode of inhibition existed was also shown. Results indicated that the engaging of these important interacting residues in plumbagin binding leads to inhibition of these cancer-signaling proteins which are key players in the pathogenesis of cancer and thereby ceases the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Jamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Parveen
- Bareilly College, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Mohd A. Beg
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeel G. A. Chaudhary
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A. Damanhouri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Abuzenadah
- KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Rehan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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17
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Gaascht F, Dicato M, Diederich M. Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Solander ex Ellis) Contains Powerful Compounds that Prevent and Cure Cancer. Front Oncol 2013; 3:202. [PMID: 23971004 PMCID: PMC3747514 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention uses natural or synthetic molecules without toxic effects to prevent and/or block emergence and development of diseases including cancer. Many of these natural molecules modulate mitogenic signals involved in cell survival, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, or on processes involved in the development of metastases occur naturally, especially in fruits and vegetables bur also in non-comestible plants. Carnivorous plants including the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Solander ex Ellis) are much less investigated, but appear to contain a wealth of potent bioactive secondary metabolites. Aim of this review is to give insight into molecular mechanisms triggered by compounds isolated from these interesting plants with either therapeutic or chemopreventive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Gaascht
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lupescu A, Jilani K, Zbidah M, Lang E, Lang F. Enhanced Ca2+ entry, ceramide formation, and apoptotic death of erythrocytes triggered by plumbagin. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1956-1961. [PMID: 23110447 DOI: 10.1021/np300611r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 1), a natural product from plants with potential anticancer potency, induces apoptosis. Mechanisms involved in 1-induced apoptosis include mitochondrial depolarization, inactivation of NF-κB, and altered expression of anti- and proapoptotic Bcl proteins. Similar to nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo suicidal death or eryptosis, which, like apoptosis, results in cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface. Triggers of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) activity ([Ca(2+)]i) and ceramide formation. The present study explored whether 1 stimulates eryptosis. Cell volume was estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine exposure from annexin-V-binding, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, [Ca(2+)]i from Fluo-3 fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing antibodies. A 48 h exposure to 1 (2 μM) decreased forward scatter and increased annexin-V-binding significantly, events paralleled by increased [Ca(2+)]i and ceramide formation. Exposure to 1 was followed by a slight but significant increase of hemolysis. Removal of extracellular Ca(2+) slightly, but significantly blunted the effect of 1 (2 μM) on annexin-V-binding. The present observations demonstrate that 1 may trigger suicidal death of erythrocytes, cells devoid of mitochondria and nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Lupescu
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen , Gmelinstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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