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Jung YY, Baek SH, Um JY, Ahn KS. Fangchinoline targets human renal cell carcinoma cells through modulation of apoptotic and non‑apoptotic cell deaths. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155445. [PMID: 38996614 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The process of apoptosis is one of the essential processes involved in maintenance of homeostasis in the human body. It can aid to remove misfolded proteins or cellular organelles. This sequence is especially necessary in cancer cells. However, specifically targeting already apoptotic pathways can induce drug resistance in cancer cells and hence drugs can induce cell death by alternative mechanism. We investigated whether fangchinoline (FCN) can target renal carcinoma cells by inducing multiple cell death mechanisms. Both paraptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis were induced by FCN through stimulation of diverse molecular signaling pathways. FCN induced ROS production with GSH/GSSG imbalance, and ER stress. In addition, formation of autophagosome and autophagy related markers were stimulated by FCN. Moreover, FCN induced cell cycle arrest and PARP cleavage. Except for blocking protein synthesis, these three cell death pathways were found to be complementarily working together with each other. FCN also exhibited synergistic effects with paclitaxel in inducing programmed cell death in RCC cells. Our data indicates that FCN could induce apoptotic cell death and non-apoptotic cell death pathways and can be con-tribute to development of novel cancer prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, the Republic of Korea.
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2
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Jia Y, Li X, Meng X, Lei J, Xia Y, Yu L. Anticancer perspective of 6-shogaol: anticancer properties, mechanism of action, synergism and delivery system. Chin Med 2023; 18:138. [PMID: 37875983 PMCID: PMC10594701 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a malignant disease that has plagued human beings all the time, but the treatment effect of commonly used anticancer drugs in clinical practice is not ideal by reason of their drug tolerance and Strong adverse reactions to patients. Therefore, it is imperative to find effective and low-toxic anticancer drugs. Many research works have shown that natural products in Chinese herbal medicine have great anticancer potential, such as 6-shogaol, a monomer composition obtained from Chinese herbal ginger, which has been confirmed by numerous in vitro or vivo studies to be an excellent anti-cancer active substance. In addition, most notably, 6-shogaol has different selectivity for normal and cancer cells during treatment, which makes it valuable for further research and clinical development. Therefore, this review focus on the anti-cancer attributes, the mechanism and the regulation of related signaling pathways of 6-shogaol. In addition, its synergy with commonly used anticancer drugs, potential drug delivery systems and prospects for future research are discussed. This is the first review to comprehensively summarize the anti-cancer mechanism of 6-shogaol, hoping to provide a theoretical basis and guiding significance for future anti-cancer research and clinical development of 6-shogaol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxia Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Li
- Jianyang Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, 641400, China
| | - Xiangqi Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjie Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangmiao Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingying Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Mohan CD, Rangappa S, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Rangappa KS. Noncoding RNAs as regulators of STAT3 pathway in gastrointestinal cancers: Roles in cancer progression and therapeutic response. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1263-1321. [PMID: 36951271 DOI: 10.1002/med.21950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors (cancers of the esophagus, gastric, liver, pancreas, colon, and rectum) contribute to a large number of deaths worldwide. STAT3 is an oncogenic transcription factor that promotes the transcription of genes associated with proliferation, antiapoptosis, survival, and metastasis. STAT3 is overactivated in many human malignancies including GI tumors which accelerates tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Research in recent years demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a major role in the regulation of many signaling pathways including the STAT3 pathway. The major types of endogenous ncRNAs that are being extensively studied in oncology are microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. These ncRNAs can either be tumor-promoters or tumor-suppressors and each one of them imparts their activity via different mechanisms. The STAT3 pathway is also tightly modulated by ncRNAs. In this article, we have elaborated on the tumor-promoting role of STAT3 signaling in GI tumors. Subsequently, we have comprehensively discussed the oncogenic as well as tumor suppressor functions and mechanism of action of ncRNAs that are known to modulate STAT3 signaling in GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery and Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chakrabhavi D Mohan
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri University, Nagamangala Taluk, India
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Svolacchia F, Brongo S, Catalano A, Ceccarini A, Svolacchia L, Santarsiere A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Finelli F, Milella L, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Fabrizio T, Giuzio F. Natural Products for the Prevention, Treatment and Progression of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112981. [PMID: 37296944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the most used natural products as useful adjuvants in BC by clarifying how these products may play a critical role in the prevention, treatment and progression of this disease. BC is the leading cancer, in terms of incidence, that affects women. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of BC were widely reported. Inflammation and cancer are known to influence each other in several tumors. In the case of BC, the inflammatory component precedes the development of the neoplasm through a slowly increasing and prolonged inflammation that also favors its growth. BC therapy involves a multidisciplinary approach comprising surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There are numerous observations that showed that the effects of some natural substances, which, in integration with the classic protocols, can be used not only for prevention or integration in order to prevent recurrences and induce a state of chemoquiescence but also as chemo- and radiosensitizers during classic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Policlinic Foundation Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Brongo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Salerno, 84131 Campania, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Agostino Ceccarini
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
| | - Lorenzo Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santarsiere
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fabrizio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Federica Giuzio
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Ajeigbe OF, Maruf OR, Anyebe DA, Opafunso IT, Ajayi BO, Farombi EO. 6- shogaol suppresses AOM/DSS-mediated colorectal adenoma through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14422. [PMID: 36125935 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal adenoma appears as benign lesions and is a precursor of colorectal adenocarcinoma. The effect of 6-Shogaol (6-[S]), a bioactive agent from ginger, in early colonic adenoma growth is unknown. As a result, this study examines the effect of 6-[S] in a mouse colorectal adenoma model induced by Azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Adult male mice served as control in Group 1. Group 2 was treated orally with 6-[S] extract (20 mg/kg BW). Group 3 was exposed to AOM (25 mg/kg BW, ip) and one cycle of DSS (2.5%) in drinking water alone while Group 4 was co-treated with 6-[S] for twenty-one (21) days. The body weight gain, organ weight and length, oxidative stress indices, inflammatory markers and histological examination were estimated. Our findings show that 6-[S] co-treatment reversed AOM/DSS-induced elevation in colon weight, colon length, nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), hydrogen peroxidase (H2 O2 ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). However, the antioxidant enzyme activities measured namely catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione-S-transferase were significantly increased in 6-[S] treated mice. Taken together, the protective effect of 6-[S] on oxidative burden, inflammation, and histological aberration observed in the colon of the AOM/DSS model of adenoma growth in mice is mediated primarily owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Thus, this study reveals 6-[S] as a useful agent in the possible clinical intervention of colorectal adenoma. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Certain spices have been reported to have numerous phytochemicals with numerous medicinal purposes. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate the role of 6-[S], a phytochemical found in ginger, in the treatment of colorectal adenoma. The study's findings show that 6-[S] is protective in early colonic cancer development, as it manages colorectal adenoma cancer models of AOM/DSS. As a result, 6-[S]'s ability to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the colon may be a potential nutritional therapeutic adjuvant for colorectal adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke Florence Ajeigbe
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Rabiat Maruf
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Abu Anyebe
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoluwa Tobi Opafunso
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Babajide Oluwaseun Ajayi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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6
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Wu Y, Ren Y, Liu L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao R, Lu C. Integrating pharmacokinetics and network pharmacology to identify and validate targets of Guben Xiaozhen prescription for the treatment of chronic urticaria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115628. [PMID: 35970316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Guben Xiaozhen prescription (GXP), a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat skin diseases for a long history and achieved satisfactory therapeutic effects. However, its active ingredients and targets remain to be further elucidated. AIM OF THIS STUDY Identify activity ingredients of GXP for the treatment of chronic urticaria (CU) and further validate the efficacy and targets of the selected component. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the pharmacokinetics of different disassemble groups of GXP was investigated to screen for active ingredients with improved bioavailability. Then, shared targets between active ingredients and CU were performed by network pharmacology. Finally, the ovalbumin (OVA) induced CU model was used to verify the efficacy and targets of the screened active ingredient. RESULTS Pharmacokinetic results showed that, compared with sub-division groups, the maximum concentration (Cmax) and blood concentration-time curve (AUC0-t) of eight ingredients, including 6-shogaol, 6-gingerol, calycosin, dictamnine, fraxinellone, schizandrin, cimifugin, and sec-o-glucosylhamaudol were increased in the GXP group. Then, 218 CU-related targets and 20 shared targets with six potential active compounds were screened by network pharmacology. Further analysis found that fraxinellone was not reported to be associated with CU in the literature. Therefore, the present study employed an OVA-induced CU model and found that fraxinellone could dose-dependently inhibit the locus coeruleus reaction, mast cell degranulation, and pathological skin damage. Moreover, we further verified the ADRB2 and its downstream target caspase3 predicted by network pharmacology, and fraxinellone inhibited the expression of ADRB2 and caspase3 in high dose group, suggesting that fraxinellone may play an anti-CU role by inhibiting inflammation and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION In this study, integrated pharmacokinetics and network pharmacology methods were established to screen out six effective active ingredients in GXP for the treatment of CU. This study provides a new idea for screening active substances in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuanxin Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; School of Pharmacy, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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7
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Sudeep HV, Aman K, Jestin TV, Shyamprasad K. Aframomum melegueta Seed Extract with Standardized Content of 6-Paradol Reduces Visceral Fat and Enhances Energy Expenditure in Overweight Adults - A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3777-3791. [PMID: 36329722 PMCID: PMC9624637 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s367350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Aframomum melegueta (grains of paradise) seeds have been demonstrated to possess thermogenic potential. However, it is necessary to validate the functional attributes of A. melegueta seed extract in human subjects. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial design, we have examined the thermogenic effects of a standardized A. melegueta seed extract (AfperFit). A total of 70 overweight male and female subjects (BMI ≥25.0 to ≤30.0 kg/m2) aged 20-50 years were enrolled and administered with either 250 mg of AfperFit or placebo in capsule form twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoints included energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)) and fat distribution (computed tomography (CT scan)), analyzed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. The effect of intervention on the quality of life was examined using SF-12 questionnaire. RESULTS Consumption of AfperFit significantly increased the energy expenditure (p<0.01), visceral fat area (p<0.001) and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (p<0.01) compared to placebo group. Consequently, there was significant body weight loss and reduction in BMI of subjects in AfperFit group compared to placebo (p<0.01). The safety evaluation showed that biochemical and hematological parameters were in the normal range. Supplementation of AfperFit was well tolerated during the study and no adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION Overall, this study validates the health benefits of A. melegueta seed extract as fat burner and recommends its use as a functional ingredient to improve the quality of life and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heggar Venkataramana Sudeep
- Department of Biomedicinal Research (R&D), Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 105, India,Correspondence: Heggar Venkataramana Sudeep, Research Scientist, R&D Center for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd, No. 14/A, KIADB, Jigani Industrial Area, Anekal Taluk, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 105, India, Tel +91 80-42094158, Email ;
| | - Khanna Aman
- Aman Hospital and Research Center, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390021, India
| | - Thomas V Jestin
- Leads Clinical Research and Bio Services Private Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | - Kodimule Shyamprasad
- Department of Biomedicinal Research (R&D), Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 105, India
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8
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Khatoon E, Hegde M, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. The multifaceted role of STAT3 pathway and its implication as a potential therapeutic target in oral cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:507-534. [PMID: 35987863 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and it has become a matter of serious concern due to the alarming rise in its incidence rate worldwide. Despite recent advancements in oral cancer treatment strategies, there are no significant improvements in patient's survival rate. Among the numerous cell signaling pathways involved in oral cancer development and progression, STAT3 is known to play a multifaceted oncogenic role in shaping the tumor pathophysiology. STAT3 hyperactivation in oral cancer contributes to survival, proliferation, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, immunosuppression, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. A plethora of pre-clinical and clinical studies have documented the role of STAT3 in the initiation and development of oral cancer and showed that STAT3 inhibition holds significant potential in the prevention and treatment of this cancer. However, to date, targeting STAT3 activation mainly involves inhibiting the upstream signaling molecules such as JAK and IL-6 receptors. The major challenge in targeting STAT3 lies in the complexity of its phosphorylation- and dimerization-independent functions, which are not affected by disrupting the upstream regulators. The present review delineates the significance of the STAT3 pathway in regulating various hallmarks of oral cancer. In addition, it highlights the STAT3 inhibitors identified to date through various preclinical and clinical studies that can be employed for the therapeutic intervention in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India. .,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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9
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Kirdeeva Y, Fedorova O, Daks A, Barlev N, Shuvalov O. How Should the Worldwide Knowledge of Traditional Cancer Healing Be Integrated with Herbs and Mushrooms into Modern Molecular Pharmacology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:868. [PMID: 35890166 PMCID: PMC9320176 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) is a "core" from which modern medicine has evolved over time. Besides this, one third of people worldwide have no access to modern medicine and rely only on traditional medicine. To date, drugs of plant origin, or their derivates (paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan, and omacetaxine), are very important in the therapy of malignancies and they are included in most chemotherapeutic regimes. To date, 391,000 plant and 14,000 mushroom species exist. Their medical and biochemical capabilities have not been studied in detail. In this review, we systematized the information about plants and mushrooms, as well as their active compounds with antitumor properties. Plants and mushrooms are divided based on the regions where they are used in ethnomedicine to treat malignancies. The majority of their active compounds with antineoplastic properties and mechanisms of action are described. Furthermore, on the basis of the available information, we divided them into two priority groups for research and for their potential of use in antitumor therapy. As there are many prerequisites and some examples how THM helps and strengthens modern medicine, finally, we discuss the positive points of THM and the management required to transform and integrate THM into the modern medicine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Nikolai Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Sin ZW, Mohan CD, Chinnathambi A, Govindasamy C, Rangappa S, Rangappa KS, Jung YY, Ahn KS. Leelamine Exerts Antineoplastic Effects in Association with Modulating Mitogen‑Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Cascade. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3375-3387. [PMID: 35579498 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2059092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a prominent signaling cascade that modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stress response, drug resistance, immune response, and cell motility. Activation of MAPK by various small molecules/natural compounds has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Herein, the effect of leelamine (LEE, a triterpene derived from bark of pine trees) on the activation of MAPK in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and breast cancer (BC) cells was investigated. LEE induced potent cytotoxicity of HCC (HepG2 and HCCLM3) and BC (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) cells over normal counterparts (MCF10A). LEE significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK MAPKs in a dose-dependent fashion and it did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK in HCC and BC cells. The apoptosis-driving effect of LEE was further demonstrated by cleavage of procaspase-3/Bid and suppression of prosurvival proteins (Bcl-xL and XIAP). Furthermore, LEE also reduced the SDF1-induced-migration and -invasion of HCC and BC cells. Taken together, the data demonstrated that LEE promotes apoptosis and induces an anti-motility effect by activating p38 and JNK MAPKs in HCC and BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wayne Sin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, India
| | | | - Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by albendazole in human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Biochimie 2022; 198:155-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Ashrafizadeh M, Paskeh MDA, Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Zarrabi A, Hashemi F, Hushmandi K, Hashemi M, Nabavi N, Crea F, Ren J, Klionsky DJ, Kumar AP, Wang Y. Targeting autophagy in prostate cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence for therapeutic response. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:105. [PMID: 35317831 PMCID: PMC8939209 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and new estimates revealed prostate cancer as the leading cause of death in men in 2021. Therefore, new strategies are pertinent in the treatment of this malignant disease. Macroautophagy/autophagy is a “self-degradation” mechanism capable of facilitating the turnover of long-lived and toxic macromolecules and organelles. Recently, attention has been drawn towards the role of autophagy in cancer and how its modulation provides effective cancer therapy. In the present review, we provide a mechanistic discussion of autophagy in prostate cancer. Autophagy can promote/inhibit proliferation and survival of prostate cancer cells. Besides, metastasis of prostate cancer cells is affected (via induction and inhibition) by autophagy. Autophagy can affect the response of prostate cancer cells to therapy such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, given the close association between autophagy and apoptosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that upstream mediators such as AMPK, non-coding RNAs, KLF5, MTOR and others regulate autophagy in prostate cancer. Anti-tumor compounds, for instance phytochemicals, dually inhibit or induce autophagy in prostate cancer therapy. For improving prostate cancer therapy, nanotherapeutics such as chitosan nanoparticles have been developed. With respect to the context-dependent role of autophagy in prostate cancer, genetic tools such as siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 can be utilized for targeting autophagic genes. Finally, these findings can be translated into preclinical and clinical studies to improve survival and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. • Prostate cancer is among the leading causes of death in men where targeting autophagy is of importance in treatment; • Autophagy governs proliferation and metastasis capacity of prostate cancer cells; • Autophagy modulation is of interest in improving the therapeutic response of prostate cancer cells; • Molecular pathways, especially involving non-coding RNAs, regulate autophagy in prostate cancer; • Autophagy possesses both diagnostic and prognostic roles in prostate cancer, with promises for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Francesco Crea
- Cancer Research Group-School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute & Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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13
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Yang MH, Baek SH, Hwang ST, Um JY, Ahn KS. Corilagin exhibits differential anticancer effects through the modulation of STAT3/5 and MAPKs in human gastric cancer cells. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2449-2462. [PMID: 35234310 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Corilagin (CLG) is a hydrolyzable tannin and possesses various pharmacological activities. Here, we investigated the impact of CLG as an anti-tumor agent against human gastric tumor cells. We observed that CLG could cause negative regulation of JAKs-Src-STAT3/5 signaling axis in SNU-1 cells, but did not affect these pathways in SNU-16 cells. Interestingly, CLG promoted the induction of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways in only SNU-16 cells, but not in the SNU-1 cells. CLG exhibited apoptotic effects that caused an increased accumulation of the cells in sub-G1 phase and caspase-3 activation in both SNU-1 and SNU-16 cell lines. We also noticed that CLG and docetaxel co-treatment could exhibit significantly enhanced apoptotic effects against SNU-1 cells. Moreover, the combinations treatment of CLG and docetaxel markedly inhibited cell growth, phosphorylation of JAK-Src-STAT3 and induced substantial apoptosis. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of JNK, p38, and ERK substantially blocked CLG-induced activation of MAPKs, cell viability, and apoptosis, thereby implicating the pivotal role of MAPKs in the observed anti-cancer effects of CLG. Taken together, our data suggest that CLG could effectively block constitutive STAT3/5 activation in SNU-1 cells but induce sustained MAPKs activation in SNU-16 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Yang
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Sun Tae Hwang
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Ashrafizadeh M, Saebfar H, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Bikarannejad P, Hashemi M, Daneshi S, Mirzaei S, Sharifi E, Kumar AP, Khan H, Heydari Sheikh Hossein H, Vosough M, Rabiee N, Thakur Kumar V, Makvandi P, Mishra YK, Tay FR, Wang Y, Zarrabi A, Orive G, Mostafavi E. Doxorubicin-loaded graphene oxide nanocomposites in cancer medicine: Stimuli-responsive carriers, co-delivery and suppressing resistance. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:355-382. [PMID: 35152815 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2041598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer therapy has been limited due to its drug resistance and poor internalization. Graphene oxide (GO) nanostructures have the capacity for DOX delivery while promoting its cytotoxicity in cancer. AREAS COVERED The favorable characteristics of GO nanocomposites, preparation method, and application in cancer therapy are described. Then, DOX resistance in cancer is discussed. The GO-mediated photothermal therapy and DOX delivery for cancer suppression are described. Preparation of stimuli-responsive GO nanocomposites, surface functionalization, hybrid nanoparticles, and theranostic applications are emphasized in DOX chemotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Graphene oxide nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy maximizes the anti-cancer activity of DOX against cancer cells. Apart from DOX delivery, GO nanomaterials are capable of loading anti-cancer agents and genetic tools to minimize drug resistance and enhance the cytolytic impact of DOX in cancer eradication. To enhance DOX accumulation in cancer cells, stimuli-responsive (redox-, light-, enzyme- and pH-sensitive) GO nanoparticles have been developed for DOX delivery. Further development of targeted delivery of DOX-loaded GO nanomaterials against cancer cells may be achieved by surface modification of polymers such as polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan. Doxorubicin-loaded GO nanoparticles have demonstrated theranostic potential for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Hybridization of GO with other nanocarriers such as silica and gold nanoparticles further broadens their potential anti-cancer therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Gholami
- DVM. Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Pooria Bikarannejad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838736 Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Vijay Thakur Kumar
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, U.K.,School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHUFundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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15
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Miyano K, Hasegawa S, Asai N, Uzu M, Yatsuoka W, Ueno T, Nonaka M, Fujii H, Uezono Y. The Japanese Herbal Medicine Hangeshashinto Induces Oral Keratinocyte Migration by Mediating the Expression of CXCL12 Through the Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:695039. [PMID: 35145397 PMCID: PMC8822321 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several clinical studies have reported that Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto (HST) has beneficial effects on chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM). Our previous research demonstrated that HST improves chemotherapy-induced OUM through human oral keratinocyte (HOK) migration, which was suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) inhibitors. However, the association between these molecules and HOK migration was unclear. Here, we examined the effects of HST on the expression of CXCR4/CXCR7 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands 11 and 12 (CXCL11/CXCL12) in HOKs. Our results indicated that HST upregulated CXCL12, but not CXCR4, CXCR7, nor CXCL11 in HOKs. HST-induced expression of CXCL12 was significantly suppressed by an inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but not of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, HST induced phosphorylation of ERK in HOKs. These findings suggest that HST enhances HOK migration by upregulating CXCL12 via ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriho Asai
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Vitrigel Project Research Team, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wakako Yatsuoka
- Dental Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Japan
| | - Takao Ueno
- Dental Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Supportive and Palliative Care Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yasuhito Uezono,
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16
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3-Formylchromone Counteracts STAT3 Signaling Pathway by Elevating SHP-2 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOLOGY 2021; 11:biology11010029. [PMID: 35053027 PMCID: PMC8773260 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary STAT3 acts as a potential tumor-promoting transcription factor that gets aberrantly activated in several types of human cancers and plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis. STAT3 expression has been correlated with a dismal prognosis and poor survival. In this study, we have demonstrated that 3-formylchromone inhibits the STAT3 signaling in HCC cells by modulating SHP-2 expression. It also effectively diminished the tumor growth and subsequent reduction in metastasis in the HCC mouse model without exhibiting any major side effects. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading cancers that contribute to a large number of deaths throughout the globe. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a tumorigenic protein that is overactivated in several human malignancies including HCC. In the present report, the effect of 3-formylchromone (3FC) on the STAT3 signaling pathway in the HCC model was investigated. 3FC downregulated the constitutive phosphorylation of STAT3 and non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as JAK1 and JAK2. It also suppressed the transportation of STAT3 to the nucleus and reduced its DNA-binding ability. Pervanadate treatment overrode the 3FC-triggered STAT3 inhibition, and the profiling of cellular phosphatase expression revealed an increase in SHP-2 levels upon 3FC treatment. The siRNA-driven deletion of SHP-2 led to reinstate STAT3 activation. 3FC downmodulated the levels of various oncogenic proteins and decreased CXCL12-driven cell migration and invasion. Interestingly, 3FC did not exhibit any substantial toxicity, whereas it significantly regressed tumor growth in an orthotopic HCC mouse model and abrogated lung metastasis. Overall, 3FC can function as a potent agent that can display antitumor activity by targeting STAT3 signaling in HCC models.
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17
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Deng C, Xue R, Wang J, Cheng M, Zhu G, Zhang K, Lu T, Mao C. Discrimination between Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum and carbonised ginger by colour measurement and fingerprint analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:921-931. [PMID: 33594765 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR) has been used as a traditional Chinese herb and culinary food for thousands of years. Its two processed products, Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum (ZRP) and carbonised ginger (CG), possess different therapeutic effects. OBJECTIVES To establish an objective and comprehensive method to differentiate ZRP from CG and to evaluate their qualities. METHODOLOGY Colour values of ZRP and CG were tested to establish the colour models by spectrophotometry. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for fingerprint and quantitative analysis, and chemometric approaches were applied to discriminate between ZRP and CG. Finally, Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the colour values and the peak areas of the common chemical compositions. RESULTS Colour reference ranges of colour parameters and mathematical functions were built to distinguish ZRP from CG. In fingerprint analysis, 26 common peaks were detected in these two processed products, among which 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol, 8-shogaol and 10-shogaol were identified. Meanwhile, ZRP could be differentiated from CG by chemometrics analysis. In addition, the correlation between colour parameters and common peak areas was found and the contents of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol, and 8-shogaol were determined simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS An objective approach of colour measurement, HPLC fingerprint coupled with chemometrics analysis and quantitative assessment could be applied to discriminate ZRP from CG and evaluate the qualities of ZRP and CG rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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18
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Pyrimidine-2,4-dione targets STAT3 signaling pathway to induce cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 50:128332. [PMID: 34418571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a tumorigenic transcription factor that is persistently activated in various human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, STAT3 is considered as a prominent target to counteract the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. In the present report, pyrimidine-2,4-diones (N-methyluracil derivatives) (MNK1-MNK14) were synthesized in an ionic liquid (BMIm PF6) medium employing a ligand-free Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling process. Among the 14 derivatives, compound MNK8 showed good cytotoxicity towards both the tested cell lines and did not display a toxic effect against normal hepatocytes (LO2). MNK8 significantly increased the Sub-G1 cell count in both cell lines and the cytotoxic effect of MNK8 was found to be mediated through the suppression of constitutive phosphorylation of STAT3Y705. It also decreased the DNA interaction ability of nuclear STAT3 in HCC cells. MNK8 downregulated the levels of apoptosis-related proteins (such as Bcl-2, cyclin D1, survivin) and increased cleaved caspase-3 inferring the apoptogenic effect of MNK8. It also reduced the CXCL12-triggered cell migration and invasion in in vitro assay systems. Overall, MNK8 has been demonstrated as a new inhibitor of STAT3 signaling cascade in HCC cells.
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19
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Mohan CD, Kim C, Siveen KS, Manu KA, Rangappa S, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Rangappa KS, Kumar AP, Ahn KS. Crocetin imparts antiproliferative activity via inhibiting STAT3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1348-1362. [PMID: 34514729 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 is a key oncogenic transcription factor, often overactivated in several human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). STAT3 modulates the expression of genes that are connected with cell proliferation, antiapoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune evasion in tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of crocetin on the growth of HCC cells and dissected its underlying molecular mechanism in imparting a cytotoxic effect. Crocetin suppressed proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and counteracted the invasive capacity of HCC cells. Besides, crocetin downregulated the constitutive/inducible STAT3 activation (STAT3Y705 ), nuclear accumulation of STAT3 along with suppression of its DNA binding activity in HCC cells with no effect on STAT5 activation. Crocetin suppressed the activity of upstream kinases such as Src, JAK1, and JAK2. Sodium pervanadate treatment terminated the crocetin-propelled STAT3 inhibition suggesting the involvement of tyrosine phosphatases. Crocetin increased the expression of SHP-1 and siRNA-mediated SHP-1 silencing resulted in the negation of crocetin-driven STAT3 inhibition. Further investigation revealed that crocetin treatment inhibited the expression of STAT3 regulated genes (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, survivin, VEGF, COX-2, and MMP-9). Taken together, this report presents crocetin as a novel abrogator of the STAT3 pathway in HCC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chulwon Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Nagamangala Taluk, Karnataka, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Yang MH, Ha IJ, Lee SG, Lee J, Um JY, Ahn KS. Ginkgolide C promotes apoptosis and abrogates metastasis of colorectal carcinoma cells by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1222-1234. [PMID: 34273236 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgolide C (GGC), isolated from Ginkbiloba, has been reported to display various pharmacological actions, although, anti-cancer effect of GGC has been poorly understood till now. This study aimed to investigate whether GGC can exhibit anti-neoplastic effects against colon cancer cells and explore underlying mechanism. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling can regulate cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, and migration. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and acts as a potential therapeutic target. Abnormal activation of this signaling cascades has been reported in colon CRC. We found that GGC down-regulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. GGC inhibited the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, and β-catenin down-stream signals (Axin-1, p-GSK3β, and β-TrCP). Also, GGC suppressed the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes including c-myc, cyclin D1, and survivin. Additionally, GGC induced apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. GGC down-regulated the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 proteins. Moreover, silencing of β-catenin by small interfering RNA (siRNA) enhanced the GGC-induced apoptosis and inhibitory action of GGC on invasion. Overall, our results indicate that GGC can reduce proliferation and promote apoptosis in colon cancer cells through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, GGC can serve as a potent therapeutic agent for management of colon cancer as a novel wnt signaling inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Yang
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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22
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23
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Najafi Dorcheh S, Rahgozar S, Talei D. 6-Shogaol induces apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells by targeting p53 signalling pathway and generation of reactive oxygen species. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6148-6160. [PMID: 33939282 PMCID: PMC8406487 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapies, using medicinal herbs, are broadly recommended to attenuate the chemotherapy adverse effects. Based on our previous findings considering the anti-leukaemic effects of ginger extract on acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cells, the present study was aimed to investigate the anti-cancer role of this pharmaceutical plant on ALL mice models. Moreover, we worked towards identifying the most anti-leukaemic derivative of ginger and the mechanism through which it may exert its cytotoxic impact. In vivo experiments were performed using five groups of six C57BL/6 nude mice, and the anti-leukaemic activity of ginger extract alone or in combination with methotrexate (MTX) was examined. Results showed increased survival rate and reduced damages in mice brain and liver tissues. Subsequently, MTT assay demonstrated synergistic growth inhibitory effect of 6-shogaol (6Sh) and MTX on ALL cell lines and patients primary cells. Eventually, the molecular anti-neoplastic mechanism of 6Sh was evaluated using Bioinformatics. Flow cytometry illustrated 6Sh-mediated apoptosis in Nalm-6 cells confirmed by Western blotting and RT-PCR assays. Further analyses exhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through 6Sh. The current study revealed the in vivo novel anti-leukaemic role of ginger extract, promoted by MTX. Moreover, 6-shogaol was introduced as the major player of ginger cytotoxicity through inducing p53 activity and ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daryush Talei
- Medicinal Plants Research CenterShahed UniversityTehranIran
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24
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Cytotoxic effect of 6-Shogaol in Imatinib sensitive and resistant K562 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1625-1631. [PMID: 33515349 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic malignancy characterized by the formation of BCR-ABL fusion protein. Imatinib (IMA) is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), which exhibited a high rate of response for newly diagnosed CML patients. Emergence of IMA resistance considered as a major challenge in CML therapy. Recent studies reported the anti-cancer effect of natural extracts such as 6-Shogaol (6-SG) which is extracted from ginger and the mechanisms involved in targeting of cancer cells. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential anticancer effect of 6-SG on K562S (Imatinib sensitive) and K562R (Imatinib resistant) cells. K562S and K562R cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of 6-SG (5 μM- 50 μM) to determine its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects. Cell viability and apoptosis were investigated with spectrophotometric MTT assay and flow cytometric Annexin V staining, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of apoptotic related genes (BAX and BCL-2) and drug transporter (MDR-1 and MRP-1) genes were evaluated with qRT-PCR. According to our results, 6-SG treatment inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis in both K562S and K562R cells. Based on our RT-PCR results, 6-SG enhanced pro-apoptotic BAX gene and decreased anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene expression levels significantly in both treated K562S and K562R cells. Furthermore, 6-SG increased MDR-1 mRNA expression level in K562S and K562R cells in comparison with their control counterparts. Whereas, 6-SG decrease MRP-1 mRNA expression level in K562S cells significantly. It is the first study that reveals the apoptotic effect of 6-SG in CML cell line and IMA resistance. Therefore, 6-SG treatment can be suggested as a promising strategy for CML therapy.
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25
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Brucein D modulates MAPK signaling cascade to exert multi-faceted anti-neoplastic actions against breast cancer cells. Biochimie 2021; 182:140-151. [PMID: 33484785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prominent type of malignancy among women with a high rate of mortality. A number of previous studies have demonstrated the anticancer potential of brucein D (BD), a quassinoid extracted from Brucea javanica, against the cancers of the pancreas, bone, and liver. We investigated the impact of BD on apoptotic as well on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades in breast cancer cells. The effect of BD on p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways and its downstream functions was deciphered in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. We noted that BD decreased the viability of breast cancer cells without affecting the growth of healthy mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that BD can increase sub-G1 cells and enhanced annexin-V-PI stained cells. The apoptogenic impact of BD was further substantiated by cleavage of procaspase-3/8 and downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-xL, XIAP, and survivin). Furthermore, BD also downmodulated the migratory ability, and chemokine triggered invasion of breast cancer cells. Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK kinases abrogated the observed anticancer actions of BD. Overall, the data indicated that BD can induce substantial apoptosis and interfere with cellular invasion by modulating MAPK signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.
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26
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Aziz MA, Sarwar MS, Akter T, Uddin MS, Xun S, Zhu Y, Islam MS, Hongjie Z. Polyphenolic molecules targeting STAT3 pathway for the treatment of cancer. Life Sci 2021; 268:118999. [PMID: 33421525 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is accounted as the second-highest cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have consistently highlighted the role of natural polyphenolic compounds against various cancers. A plethora of potential bioactive polyphenolic molecules, primarily flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes, have been explored from the natural sources for their chemopreventive and chemoprotective activities. Moreover, combinations of these polyphenols with current chemotherapeutic agents have also demonstrated their strong role against both progression and resistance of malignancies. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitously-expressed signaling molecule in almost all body cells. Thousands of literatures have revealed that STAT3 plays significant roles in promoting the cellular proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression, metastasis, angiogenesis and immunosuppression as well as chemoresistance through the regulation of its downstream target genes such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. For its key role in cancer development, researchers considered STAT3 as a major target for cancer therapy that mainly focuses on abrogating the expression (activation or phosphorylation) of STAT3 in tumor cells both directly and indirectly. Polyphenolic molecules have explicated their protective actions in malignant cells via targeting STAT3 both in vitro and in vivo. In this article, we reviewed how polyphenolic compounds as well as their combinations with other chemotherapeutic drugs inhibit cancer cells by targeting STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
| | - Tahmina Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Song Xun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Zhang Hongjie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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27
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Ahmed SA, Parama D, Daimari E, Girisa S, Banik K, Harsha C, Dutta U, Kunnumakkara AB. Rationalizing the therapeutic potential of apigenin against cancer. Life Sci 2020; 267:118814. [PMID: 33333052 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the remarkable advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer during the past couple of decades, it remains the second largest cause of mortality in the world, killing approximately 9.6 million people annually. The major challenges in the treatment of the advanced stage of this disease are the development of chemoresistance, severe adverse effects of the drugs, and high treatment cost. Therefore, the development of drugs that are safe, efficacious, and cost-effective remains a 'Holy Grail' in cancer research. However, the research over the past four decades shed light on the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential of natural products and their underlying mechanism of action. Apigenin is one such compound, which is known to be safe and has significant potential in the prevention and therapy of this disease. AIM To assess the literature available on the potential of apigenin and its analogs in modulating the key molecular targets leading to the prevention and treatment of different types of cancer. METHOD A comprehensive literature search has been carried out on PubMed for obtaining information related to the sources and analogs, chemistry and biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, biological activities, bioavailability and toxicity of apigenin. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in many in vitro, in vivo and a few cohort studies that evidenced the effectiveness of apigenin and its analogs in modulating important molecular targets and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, etc., which play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. In addition, apigenin was also shown to inhibit chemoresistance and radioresistance and make cancer cells sensitive to these agents. Reports have further revealed the safety of the compound and the adaptation of nanotechnological approaches for improving its bioavailability. SIGNIFICANCE Hence, the present review recapitulates the properties of apigenin and its pharmacological activities against different types of cancer, which warrant further investigation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semim Akhtar Ahmed
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Enush Daimari
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Pan Bazar, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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28
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Kirtonia A, Sethi G, Garg M. The multifaceted role of reactive oxygen species in tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4459-4483. [PMID: 32358622 PMCID: PMC11105050 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is an essential requirement of the biological systems for performing various normal cellular functions including cellular growth, differentiation, senescence, survival and aging in humans. The changes in the basal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are detrimental to cells and often lead to several disease conditions including cardiovascular, neurological, diabetes and cancer. During the last two decades, substantial research has been done which clearly suggests that ROS are essential for the initiation, progression, angiogenesis as well as metastasis of cancer in several ways. During the last two decades, the potential of dysregulated ROS to enhance tumor formation through the activation of various oncogenic signaling pathways, DNA mutations, immune escape, tumor microenvironment, metastasis, angiogenesis and extension of telomere has been discovered. At present, surgery followed by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy is the major therapeutic modality for treating patients with either early or advanced stages of cancer. However, the majority of patients relapse or did not respond to initial treatment. One of the reasons for recurrence/relapse is the altered levels of ROS in tumor cells as well as in cancer-initiating stem cells. One of the critical issues is targeting the intracellular/extracellular ROS for significant antitumor response and relapse-free survival. Indeed, a large number of FDA-approved anticancer drugs are efficient to eliminate cancer cells and drug resistance by increasing ROS production. Thus, the modulation of oxidative stress response might represent a potential approach to eradicate cancer in combination with FDA-approved chemotherapies, radiotherapies as well as immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kirtonia
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
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29
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Yadav AK, Jang BC. Anti-Survival and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of 6-Shogaol on SW872 Human Liposarcoma Cells via Control of the Intrinsic Caspase Pathway, STAT-3, AMPK, and ER Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101380. [PMID: 32998376 PMCID: PMC7650770 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Notably, 6-Shogaol, a bioactive natural substance, has anticancer effects on many types of tumors. Up to date, the anticancer effect and mode of action of 6-Shogaol on liposarcoma are not known. In this study, we investigated whether 6-Shogaol inhibits the growth of SW872 and 93T449 cells, two different human liposarcoma cell lines. Of note, 6-Shogaol inhibited the growth of SW872 and 93T449 cells without affecting that of normal 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Specifically, 6-Shogaol further induced the apoptosis of SW872 cells, as evidenced by nuclear DNA fragmentation, increased sub G1 population, activation of the intrinsic caspase pathway, and PARP cleavage. However, pretreatment with either z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor, or N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, attenuated the 6-Shogaol’s growth-suppressive and apoptosis-inducing effects on SW872 cells. Moreover, 6-Shogaol activated AMPK while inhibited STAT-3 in SW872 cells, and siRNA-based genetic silencing of AMPK or STAT-3 considerably blocked the growth-suppressive and apoptotic response of 6-Shogaol to SW872 cells. Moreover, 6-Shogaol also upregulated the expression and phosphorylation of GRP-78, eIF-2α, ATF4, and CHOP, known ER stress markers, in SW872 cells, illustrating the induction of ER stress. These findings collectively demonstrate that 6-Shogaol has strong antigrowth and proapoptotic effects on SW872 cells through regulation of the intrinsic caspase pathway, oxidative stress, STAT-3, AMPK, and ER stress.
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30
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Sin ZW, Bhardwaj V, Pandey AK, Garg M. A brief overview of antitumoral actions of bruceine D. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2020; 1:200-217. [PMID: 36046775 PMCID: PMC9400783 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality globally. In combating cancer, conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are administered as first-line therapy. However, these are usually accompanied with adverse side effects that decrease the quality of patient’s lives. As such, natural bioactive compounds have gained an attraction in the scientific and medical community as evidence of their anticancer properties and attenuation of side effects mounted. In particular, quassinoids have been found to exhibit a plethora of inhibitory activities such as anti-proliferative effects on tumor development and metastasis. Recently, bruceine D, a quassinoid isolated from the shrub Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), has come under immense investigation on its antineoplastic properties in various human cancers including pancreas, breast, lung, blood, bone, and liver. In this review, we have highlighted the antineoplastic effects of bruceine D and its mode of actions in different tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wayne Sin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Vipul Bhardwaj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
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31
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Cui L, Li C, Zhuo Y, Yang L, Cui N, Li Y, Zhang S. Saikosaponin A inhibits the activation of pancreatic stellate cells by suppressing autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110216. [PMID: 32497863 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are the main effector cells in the development of pancreatic fibrosis. Finding substances that inhibit PSC activation is an important approach to inhibiting pancreatic fibrosis. Saikosaponin A (SSa) has numerous pharmacological activities, but its effect on PSCs remains unknown. This study was conducted to explore the effects of SSa on PSC activation in cultured rat PSCs. Cell viability, proliferation, migration and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assays, the iCELLigence System, Transwell assays and flow cytometry. Markers of PSC activation, autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome were measured by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and western blotting. Rapamycin and phenformin hydrochloride were used to determine the effect of SSa via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. The results showed that SSa suppressed PSC viability, proliferation, and migration and promoted apoptosis. SSa inhibited PSC activation, restrained PSC autophagy and suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, there was interaction between autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome during SSa inhibition of PSCs. Moreover, promotion of p-AMPK increased autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Inhibition of p-mTOR increased autophagy and decreased the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our results indicated that SSa inhibited PSC activation by inhibiting PSC autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the use of SSa to treat pancreatic fibrosis and further suggest that targeting autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome may provide new strategies for the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China
| | - Caixia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China
| | - Naiqiang Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Institute of TCM, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300107, China.
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Henamayee S, Banik K, Sailo BL, Shabnam B, Harsha C, Srilakshmi S, VGM N, Baek SH, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB. Therapeutic Emergence of Rhein as a Potential Anticancer Drug: A Review of Its Molecular Targets and Anticancer Properties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102278. [PMID: 32408623 PMCID: PMC7288145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second-highest cause of mortality in the world, and it kills nearly 9.6 million people annually. Besides the fatality of the disease, poor prognosis, cost of conventional therapies, and associated side-effects add more burden to patients, post-diagnosis. Therefore, the search for alternatives for the treatment of cancer that are safe, multi-targeted, effective, and cost-effective has compelled us to go back to ancient systems of medicine. Natural herbs and plant formulations are laden with a variety of phytochemicals. One such compound is rhein, which is an anthraquinone derived from the roots of Rheum spp. and Polygonum multiflorum. In ethnomedicine, these plants are used for the treatment of inflammation, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and bacterial and helminthic infections. Increasing evidence suggests that this compound can suppress breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Recent studies have reported that this compound modulates different signaling cascades in cancer cells and can prevent angiogenesis and progression of different types of cancers. The present review highlights the cancer-preventing and therapeutic properties of rhein based on the available literature, which will help to extend further research to establish the chemoprotective and therapeutic roles of rhein compared to other conventional drugs. Future pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies could support this compound as an effective anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahu Henamayee
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Bethsebie Lalduhsaki Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Bano Shabnam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Satti Srilakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Guwahati), Assam 781125, India; (S.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Naidu VGM
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Guwahati), Assam 781125, India; (S.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea;
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.S.A.); or (A.B.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-2316 (K.S.A.)
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.H.); (K.B.); (B.L.S.); (B.S.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.A.); or (A.B.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-2316 (K.S.A.)
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Woźniak M, Makuch S, Winograd K, Wiśniewski J, Ziółkowski P, Agrawal S. 6-Shogaol enhances the anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan via increase of apoptosis and autophagy in colon cancer cells in hypoxic/aglycemic conditions. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:141. [PMID: 32393373 PMCID: PMC7216385 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development and growth of colorectal cancer based on constitutive activation of numerous signaling pathways that stimulate proliferation and metastasis. Plant-derived agents excel by targeting multiple aspects of tumor progression. Previous investigations have shown that ginger derivatives- shogaols possess anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we have examined the anti-cancer effects of 6-shogaol alongside with the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents/regimens in the tumor-like microenvironment conditions. METHODS Cytotoxicity on two colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and SW620) was measured by MTT test. Apoptosisassay, immunocytochemical and Western blotting analysis for autophagy and apoptosis detection were performed. RESULTS Here, we report that 6-shogaol by itself or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents/regimens exerted a cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. Cell death might be linked with the activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related pathways. In the tumor-like microenvironment, which is characterized by hypoxia and glucose starvation, 6-shogaol with chemotherapeutics is significantly more potent than conventional chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that the addition of 6-shogaol to established chemotherapeutic regimens could potentially be a remarkable therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kinga Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Miyano K, Eto M, Hitomi S, Matsumoto T, Hasegawa S, Hirano A, Nagabuchi K, Asai N, Uzu M, Nonaka M, Omiya Y, Kaneko A, Ono K, Fujii H, Higami Y, Kono T, Uezono Y. The Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto enhances oral keratinocyte migration to facilitate healing of chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:625. [PMID: 31953420 PMCID: PMC6969174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy often induces oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) in patients with cancer, characterized by severe painful inflammation. Mouth-washing with the Japanese herbal medicine hangeshashinto (HST) ameliorates chemotherapy-induced OUM in patients with colorectal cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that HST decreased interleukin 1β-induced prostaglandin E2 production in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and OUM-induced mechanical or spontaneous pain in rats. However, HST effects on tissue repair functions in HOKs remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of HST on scratch-induced wound healing in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, HST enhanced wound healing mainly through scratch-induced HOK migration. Screening of the seven constituent medicinal herbs and their major components revealed that Scutellaria root, processed ginger, and Glycyrrhiza components mainly induced the scratch-induced HOK migration. Pharmacokinetic analyses indicated that the active ingredient concentrations in rat plasma following oral HST administration were below the effective doses for HOK migration, suggesting direct effects of HST in OUM. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 inhibitors significantly suppressed HST-induced HOK migration. Moreover, HST enhanced tissue repair in our OUM rat model. Thus, HST likely enhanced OUM tissue repair through oral keratinocyte migration upon MAPK and CXCR4 activation and may be useful in patients with cancer-associated OUM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Moeko Eto
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Seiya Hasegawa
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Ayane Hirano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kaori Nagabuchi
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Noriho Asai
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuji Omiya
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneko
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Kono
- Center for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
- Division of Supportive Care Research, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
- Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial Care, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Reddy D, Kumavath R, Ghosh P, Barh D. Lanatoside C Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Cancer Cell Growth by Attenuating MAPK, Wnt, JAK-STAT, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120792. [PMID: 31783627 PMCID: PMC6995510 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are a diverse family of naturally derived compounds having a steroid and glycone moiety in their structures. CG molecules inhibit the α-subunit of ubiquitous transmembrane protein Na+/K+-ATPase and are clinically approved for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the CGs were found to exhibit selective cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, raising interest in their use as anti-cancer molecules. In this current study, we explored the underlying mechanism responsible for the anti-cancer activity of Lanatoside C against breast (MCF-7), lung (A549), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. Using Real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence studies, we observed that (i) Lanatoside C inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in cell-specific and dose-dependent manner only in cancer cell lines; (ii) Lanatoside C exerts its anti-cancer activity by arresting the G2/M phase of cell cycle by blocking MAPK/Wnt/PAM signaling pathways; (iii) it induces apoptosis by inducing DNA damage and inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways; and finally, (iv) molecular docking analysis shows significant evidence on the binding sites of Lanatoside C with various key signaling proteins ranging from cell survival to cell death. Our studies provide a novel molecular insight of anti-cancer activities of Lanatoside C in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanasekhar Reddy
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India;
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-8547-648-620
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, West Bengal, India;
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Yang L, Lin S, Xu L, Lin J, Zhao C, Huang X. Novel activators and small-molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 49:10-22. [PMID: 31677966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is observed in a subset of many cancers, making activated STAT3 a highly promising potential therapeutic target supported by multiple preclinical and clinical studies. However, early-phase clinical trials have produced mixed results with STAT3-targeted cancer therapies, revealing substantial complexity to targeting aberrant STAT3 signaling. This review discusses the diverse mechanisms of oncogenic activation of STAT3, and the small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehe Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Shichong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lingyuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chengguang Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Nonaka K, Bando M, Sakamoto E, Inagaki Y, Naruishi K, Yumoto H, Kido JI. 6-Shogaol Inhibits Advanced Glycation End-Products-Induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 Expression by Regulating Oxidative Responses in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203705. [PMID: 31619000 PMCID: PMC6832546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cause diabetes mellitus (DM) complications and accumulate more highly in periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis and DM. AGEs aggravate periodontitis with DM by increasing the expression of inflammation-related factors in periodontal tissues. 6-Shogaol, a major compound in ginger, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. However, the influence of shogaol on DM-associated periodontitis is not well known. In this study, the effects of 6-shogaol on AGEs-induced oxidative and anti-oxidative responses, and IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were investigated. When HGFs were cultured with 6-shogaol and AGEs, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzymes (heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1] and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 [NQO1]), and IL-6 and ICAM-1 expressions were investigated. RAGE expression and phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB were examined by western blotting. 6-Shogaol significantly inhibited AGEs-induced ROS activity, and increased HO-1 and NQO1 levels compared with the AGEs-treated cells. The AGEs-stimulated expression levels of receptor of AGE (RAGE), IL-6 and ICAM-1 and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and p65 were attenuated by 6-shogaol. These results suggested that 6-shogaol inhibits AGEs-induced inflammatory responses by regulating oxidative and anti-oxidative activities and may have protective effects on periodontitis with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nonaka
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Mika Bando
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Eijiro Sakamoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Yuji Inagaki
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Koji Naruishi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Hiromichi Yumoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
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Lechner JF, Stoner GD. Gingers and Their Purified Components as Cancer Chemopreventative Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E2859. [PMID: 31394732 PMCID: PMC6719158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention by ingested substituents is the process through which nutraceuticals and/or their bioactive components antagonize carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis is the course of action whereby a normal cell is transformed into a neoplastic cell. This latter action involves several steps, starting with initiation and followed by promotion and progression. Driving these stages is continued oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn, causes a myriad of aberrant gene expressions and mutations within the transforming cell population and abnormal gene expressions by the cells within the surrounding lesion. Chemoprevention of cancer with bioreactive foods or their extracted/purified components occurs primarily via normalizing these inappropriate gene activities. Various foods/agents have been shown to affect different gene expressions. In this review, we discuss how the chemoprevention activities of gingers antagonize cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Lechner
- Retired from Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, USA.
| | - Gary D Stoner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Yang MH, Jung SH, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Pleiotropic Pharmacological Actions of Capsazepine, a Synthetic Analogue of Capsaicin, against Various Cancers and Inflammatory Diseases. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050995. [PMID: 30871017 PMCID: PMC6429077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsazepine is a synthetic analogue of capsaicin that can function as an antagonist of TRPV1. Capsazepine can exhibit diverse effects on cancer (prostate cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, oral cancer, and osteosarcoma) growth and survival, and can be therapeutically used against other major disorders such as colitis, pancreatitis, malaria, and epilepsy. Capsazepine has been reported to exhibit pleiotropic anti-cancer effects against numerous tumor cell lines. Capsazepine can modulate Janus activated kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of the transcription (STAT) pathway, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-JNK-CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) pathways. It can inhibit cell proliferation, metastasis, and induce apoptosis. Moreover, capsazepine can exert anti-inflammatory effects through the downregulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the blockage of activation of both transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, and member 1 (TRPA1). This review briefly summarizes the diverse pharmacological actions of capsazepine against various cancers and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Yang
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Jung
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Lee JH, Kim C, Lee J, Um JY, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Arctiin is a pharmacological inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 residue and potentiates bortezomib-induced apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects in human multiple myeloma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 55:282-292. [PMID: 30668440 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctiin is a main component from the fruits of Arctium lappa L., that can be prescribed for cold or flu in East Asian countries; it has also been found to exert chemopreventive actions against various tumor cells. HYPOTHESIS In view of this evidence, we examined arctiin for its ability to trigger apoptosis and inhibit the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. METHODS We evaluated the effect of arctiin on STAT3 signaling cascades and its regulated functional responses in MM cells. RESULTS Arctiin effectively blocked the constitutive activation of STAT3 phosphorylation in the residue of tyrosine 705. Arctiin also abrogated the constitutive activation of Src phosphorylation and Janus-activated kinases (JAKs) 1/2. Furthermore, it was found that arctiin treatment clearly enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of protein tyrosine phosphatase ε (PTPε), and the silencing of PTPε caused a reversal of the arctiin-induced PTPε expression and the blockadge of STAT3 phosphorylation. Interestingly, arctiin could not repress IL-6-induced STAT3 activation in serum-starved U266 cells and when arctiin was incubated with a complete culture medium in RPMI 8226 and MM.1S cells. Arctiin suppressed cell proliferation, accumulated cells in the G2/M cell-cycle phase, and induced apoptosis within U266 cells, although the knockdown of PTPε prevented PARP cleavage and caspase-3 activation induced by the arctiin. In addition, arctiin exerted cytotoxicity in MM cells, but did not do so in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Arctiin down-modulated diverse oncogenic gene products regulated by STAT3, although the induction of apoptosis by arctiin was abrogated upon transfection with pMXs-STAT3C in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells. Arctiin also potentiated bortezomib-induced antitumor effects in U266 cells. CONCLUSION On the whole, our results indicate that arctiin is a potentially new inhibitor of constitutive STAT3 activation through the induction of PTPε in MM, cells and therefore has great value in treating various tumors sheltering constitutively activated STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Chulwon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
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Loh CY, Arya A, Naema AF, Wong WF, Sethi G, Looi CY. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STATs) Proteins in Cancer and Inflammation: Functions and Therapeutic Implication. Front Oncol 2019; 9:48. [PMID: 30847297 PMCID: PMC6393348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway is connected upstream with Janus kinases (JAK) family protein and capable of integrating inputs from different signaling pathways. Each family member plays unique functions in signal transduction and crucial in mediating cellular responses to different kind of cytokines. STAT family members notably STAT3 and STAT5 have been involved in cancer progression whereas STAT1 plays opposite role by suppressing tumor growth. Persistent STAT3/5 activation is known to promote chronic inflammation, which increases susceptibility of healthy cells to carcinogenesis. Here, we review the role of STATs in cancers and inflammation while discussing current therapeutic implications in different cancers and test models, especially the delivery of STAT3/5 targeting siRNA using nanoparticulate delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yap Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Fadhil Naema
- Center of Biotechnology Researches, University of Al-Nahrain, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, Rahmani AH. Ginger: A Novel Strategy to Battle Cancer through Modulating Cell Signalling Pathways: A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:5-16. [PMID: 30659535 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190119142331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have been performed in understanding the development of cancer. Though, the mechanism of action of genes in the development of cancer remains to be explained. The current mode of treatment of cancer shows adverse effects on normal cells and also alter the cell signalling pathways. However, ginger and its active compound have fascinated research based on animal model and laboratories during the past decade due to its potentiality in killing cancer cells. Ginger is a mixture of various compounds including gingerol, paradol, zingiberene and shogaol and such compounds are the main players in diseases management. Most of the health-promoting effects of ginger and its active compound can be attributed due to its antioxidant and anti-tumour activity. Besides, the active compound of ginger has proven its role in cancer management through its modulatory effect on tumour suppressor genes, cell cycle, apoptosis, transcription factors, angiogenesis and growth factor. In this review, the role of ginger and its active compound in the inhibition of cancer growth through modulating cell signalling pathways will be reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Cui L, Li C, Gao G, Zhuo Y, Yang L, Cui N, Zhang S. FTY720 inhibits the activation of pancreatic stellate cells by promoting apoptosis and suppressing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Life Sci 2019; 217:243-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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44
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Kim C, Lee SG, Yang WM, Arfuso F, Um JY, Kumar AP, Bian J, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Formononetin-induced oxidative stress abrogates the activation of STAT3/5 signaling axis and suppresses the tumor growth in multiple myeloma preclinical model. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:123-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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45
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Li Y, Li Y, Lu W, Li H, Wang Y, Luo H, Wu Y, Dong W, Bai G, Zhang Y. Integrated Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of Zi Dian Fang on Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:597. [PMID: 29971001 PMCID: PMC6018083 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current hormone-based treatments for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) are associated with potentially serious adverse reactions. Zi Dian Fang (ZDF) is a multi-target Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used to treat both the symptoms and root causes of ITP, with fewer side effects than hormone-based treatments. This study analysis of the therapeutic effects of ZDF on ITP from three aspects: platelet proliferation, immunoregulation, and inflammation. After detection of 52 chemical constituents of ZDF by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, The main targets and pathways affected by ZDF were screened by network pharmacology and verified by Western blot and ELISA. Meanwhile, metabolomics analysis were applied to a mouse model of ITP to identify and screen endogenous terminal metabolites differentially regulated by ZDF. Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis of the therapeutic effects of ZDF on ITP may be as follows: ZDF counteracts ITP symptoms mainly by inhibiting Ras/MAPKs (Ras/Mitogen-activated protein kinases) pathway, and the expression of upstream protein (Ras) and downstream protein (p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p38) were inhibited, which affects the content of effect index associated with proliferation (Thrombopoietin, TPO; Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, GM-CSF), inflammation (Tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α; Interleukin-6, IL-6), immune (Interleukin-2, IL-2; Interferon-gamma, IFN-γ; Interleukin-4, IL-4), so that the body’s arginine, Δ12-prostaglandin j2 (Δ12-PGJ2), 9-cis-Retinoic Acid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), oleic acid amide and other 12 endogenous metabolites significantly changes. Considering the established safety profile, the present study suggests ZDF may be a useful alternative to hormone-based therapies for the treatment of ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenliang Lu
- Tasly Institute, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Tasly Institute, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Houmin Luo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenying Dong
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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46
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Rajagopal C, Lankadasari MB, Aranjani JM, Harikumar KB. Targeting oncogenic transcription factors by polyphenols: A novel approach for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:273-291. [PMID: 29305909 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the major causative factor of cancer and chronic inflammation is involved in all the major steps of cancer initiation, progression metastasis and drug resistance. The molecular mechanism of inflammation driven cancer is the complex interplay between oncogenic and tumor suppressive transcription factors which include FOXM1, NF-kB, STAT3, Wnt/β- Catenin, HIF-1α, NRF2, androgen and estrogen receptors. Several products derived from natural sources modulate the expression and activity of multiple transcription factors in various tumor models as evident from studies conducted in cell lines, pre-clinical models and clinical samples. Further combination of these natural products along with currently approved cancer therapies added an additional advantage and they considered as promising targets for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. In this review we discuss the application of multi-targeting natural products by analyzing the literature and future directions for their plausible applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rajagopal
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India.
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Zhang F, Thakur K, Hu F, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Cross-talk between 10-gingerol and its anti-cancerous potential: a recent update. Food Funct 2017; 8:2635-2649. [PMID: 28745358 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Since time immortal, ginger, as an ancient herb, has been used throughout the world in foods and beverages due to its typical strong and pungent flavor. Besides its use as a spice, it also serves as an excellent source of several bioactive phenolics, including nonvolatile pungent compounds, such as gingerols, paradols, shogaols, and gingerones. Gingerols constitute key ingredients in fresh ginger, with the most abundant being 6-gingerol (6-G), 8-gingerol (8-G), and 10-gingerol (10-G). Many studies have investigated the various valuable pharmacological properties of these ingredients and experimentally verified the mechanistic aspects of their health effects; however, to date, most research on the anti-cancerous activities of gingerols have focused largely on 6-G. Thus, the present article deals with the number of recent studies that have indicated and highlighted the role of 10-G with respect to its cancer prevention attributes in particular and its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and gastrointestinal tract protective potential in general. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of all the experimentally validated health benefits of 10-G for nutraceutical applications. The various findings have warranted the further investigation of 10-G and its possible use in various cancer treatments as well as its promising role as a chemo-preventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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48
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10-Gingerol as an inducer of apoptosis through HTR1A in cumulus cells: In-vitro and in-silico studies. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2017; 12:397-406. [PMID: 31435270 PMCID: PMC6695051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cumulus cells play a crucial role as essential mediators in the maturation of ova. Ginger contains 10-gingerol, which induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Based on this hypothesis, this study aimed to determine whether 10-gingerol is able to induce apoptosis in normal cells, namely, cumulus cells. Methods This study used an in vitro analysis by culturing Cumulus cells in M199 containing 10-gingerol in various concentrations (12, 16, and 20 μM) and later detected early apoptotic activity using an Annexin V-FITC detection kit. Result The in vitro data revealed that the number of apoptosis cells increased along with the period of incubation as follows: 12 μM (63.71% ± 2.192%); 16 μM (74.51% ± 4.596%); and 20 μM (78.795% ± 1.435%). The substance 10-gingerol induces apoptosis in cumulus cells by inhibiting HTR1A functions and inactivating GSK3B and AKT-1. Conclusions These findings indicate that further examination is warranted for 10-gingerol as a contraception agent.
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Key Words
- 10-Gingerol
- ARG, arginine
- Apoptosis
- Cumulus cells
- FOXO, forkhead box
- GLU, glutamine
- GLY, glycine
- GSK3B, glycogen synthase kinase-3β
- HTR1A
- HTR1A, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1 A
- ILE, ileusine
- ILK, integrin-linked kinase
- In silico
- In vitro
- LYS, lysine
- MDM2, murine double minute clone 2
- MET, methionine
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS3, nitric oxide synthase 3
- PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue delete on chromosome ten
- RICTOR, rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
- TYR, tyrosine
- eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- mTORC1, mTOR complex 1
- mTORC2, mTOR complex 2
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d,l-Sulforaphane Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in Human Gliomablastoma Cells by Inactivating STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010072. [PMID: 28054986 PMCID: PMC5297707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
d,l-Sulforaphane (SFN), a synthetic analogue of broccoli-derived isomer l-SFN, exerts cytotoxic effects on multiple tumor cell types through different mechanisms and is more potent than the l-isomer at inhibiting cancer growth. However, the means by which SFN impairs glioblastoma (GBM) cells remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of SFN in GBM cells and determined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cell viability assays, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot results revealed that SFN could induced apoptosis of GBM cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, via up-regulation of caspase-3 and Bax, and down-regulation of Bcl-2. Mechanistically, SFN treatment led to increase the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in GBM cells. Meanwhile, SFN also suppressed both constitutive and IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, and the activation of upstream JAK2 and Src tyrosine kinases, dose- and time-dependently. Moreover, blockage of ROS production by using the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine totally reversed SFN-mediated down-regulation of JAK2/Src-STAT3 signaling activation and the subsequent effects on apoptosis by blocking the induction of apoptosis-related genes in GBM cells. Taken together, our data suggests that SFN induces apoptosis in GBM cells via ROS-dependent inactivation of STAT3 phosphorylation. These findings motivate further evaluation of SFN as a cancer chemopreventive agent in GBM treatment.
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50
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Zuo D, Zhou Z, Wang H, Zhang T, Zang J, Yin F, Sun W, Chen J, Duan L, Xu J, Wang Z, Wang C, Lin B, Fu Z, Liao Y, Li S, Sun M, Hua Y, Zheng L, Cai Z. Alternol, a natural compound, exerts an anti-tumour effect on osteosarcoma by modulating of STAT3 and ROS/MAPK signalling pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:208-221. [PMID: 27624867 PMCID: PMC5264147 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumour. Alternol, a novel compound purified from microbial fermentation products exerts anti-tumour effects across several cancer types. The effect of alternol on human OS remains to be elucidated. We first evaluated the anti-tumour effect of alternol in several human OS cell lines in vitro and investigated its underlying mechanism. Alternol inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest in a dose and time-dependent manner. Moreover, alternol treatment inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in 143B and MG63 human OS cells, as evaluated using a STAT3-dependent dual luciferase reporter system. Exposure to alternol resulted in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and p38 activation. Furthermore, alternol-induced cell death was significantly restored in the presence of the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or a caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. NAC also prevented G2/M phase arrest and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), but did not reverse STAT3 inactivation. Finally, alternol suppressed tumour growth in vivo in the nude mouse OS tibia orthotopic model. Immunohistochemistry revealed that alternol treatment resulted in down-regulation of phosph-STAT3 Tyr705 and up-regulation of cleaved caspase-3 and phosph-SAPK (Stress-activated protein kinases)/JNK expression. Taken together, our results reveal that alternol suppresses cell proliferation, migration and induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest by modulating of ROS-dependent MAPK and STAT3 signalling pathways in human OS cells. Therefore, alternol is a promising candidate for developing anti-tumour drugs target OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiepeng Chen
- Strand Biotechnology Institute of Research, Shantou, China
| | - Lili Duan
- Strand Biotechnology Institute of Research, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongren Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeze Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxiong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longpo Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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