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Dutta P, Pal D, Roy A, Mandal RK, Panda CK. Role of MLH1 and MSH2 deficiency in the development of tumorigenesis and chemo-tolerance of cervical Carcinoma: Clinical implications. Gene 2023; 888:147746. [PMID: 37657688 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CACX) is one of the top causes of cancer death in women globally. The involvement of several cellular pathways in carcinogenesis is still poorly understood. Here, we focused to evaluate the contributory role of Mismatch Repair (MMR) pathway genes-MLH1 and MSH2 in CACX and their association with chemo-tolerance of the disease. For this purpose, molecular profiles (expression/promoter methylation/deletion) of the genes were analysed in both normal cervical epithelium and tumour tissue, also validated in in-silico dataset as well. Later on, prognostic importance of the genes was identified through analysis of their methylation/expression status in plasma DNA of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and cisplatin-tolerant CACX cell lines respectively. It was found that the expression profile of MLH1 and MSH2 genes was considerably reduced from undifferentiated basal-parabasal layers of normal cervical epithelium towards progression of the disease. Further analysis showed that frequent deletion [34-48%] and promoter methylation events [28-46%] of the genes were the plausible reasons for their reduced expression during tumorigenesis. Incidentally, the prevalence of MLH1 [32%] and MSH2 [27%] promoter methylation found in CTCs of plasma of the clinically advanced CACX patients implicated their prognostic importance of the disease. In addition, the patients having high alterations of those genes resulted in poor patient outcomes even after the therapy. In in-depth analysis of this result in cisplatin-tolerant CACX cell lines, we discovered that increased promoter methylation frequency of those genes at higher concentrations of cisplatin and gradual accumulation of the cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle were the rational causes for their reduced expression and MMR deficiency in the system. Hence, it is possible to conclude that the gradual down-regulation of MLH1 and MSH2 proteins may be a key event for MMR pathway inactivation in CACX. This might also be associated with chemo-tolerance and overall poor survival among the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dutta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Debolina Pal
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata 700014, India
| | - Ranajit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India.
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Ghosh A, Roychowdhury T, Nandi R, Maiti R, Ghosh NN, Molla SA, Mukhopadhyay S, Prodhan C, Chaudhury K, Das P, Sarkar NK, Chattopadhyay S, Bhattacharya R, Bose CK, Maiti DK. Inhibitory role of a smart nano-trifattyglyceride of Moringa oleifera root in epithelial ovarian cancer, through attenuation of FSHR - c-Myc axis. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:481-492. [PMID: 34765512 PMCID: PMC8572721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Epithelial ovarian cancer has the deadliest prognosis amongst gynaecological cancers, warranting an unmet need for newer drug targets. Based on its anticancer as well as abortifacient potential, Moringa oleifera Lam. root was hypothesized to have some implications in follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) dependent cancers like epithelial ovarian cancer. Experimental procedure Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. root extract (MRE) was studied in epithelial ovarian cancer cell line through in vitro studies viz. MTT assay, clonogenic assay, cell cycle analysis, flow cytometry, western blot analysis, immunocytochemical analysis of FSHRand c-Myc expression and in vivo studies viz. effect of MRE in mice model of ovarian carcinoma. The structure of the active compound of MRE was elucidated following solvent extraction, purification through column chromatography, preparative TLC and bioactivity guided structural identification through 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT-135, ESIMS,FT-IR spectrophotometry, UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometry and DFT study. Results and conclusion Crude MRE displayed cytotoxic activity, induced apoptosis, and attenuated expression of FSHR and c-Myc in ovarian cancer cell line OAW42. MRE also attenuated expression of CD31, FSHR, and c-Myc in tumour xenograft mouse model. Finally, the active compound purified from ethyl acetate-n-hexane subfraction ofMRE, that attenuated viability of ovarian carcinoma cell lines and reduced FSHR and c-Myc expression, was identified as a naturally hydrated-trifattyglyceride, showing aDFT-optimized folded amphipathic structure for easy transportation through hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions in a biological system, indicating its immense therapeutic relevance in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Moringa oleifera Lam. Root: suggested anticancer role for epithelial ovarian cancer. Moringa root extract: potent antiproliferative effect in vitro and in vivo. Reduced expression of FSHR, c-Myc expression in vitro and in vivo. Active compound identification: solvent extraction, purification and activity validation. The active compound: A novel naturally hydrated-trifattyglyceride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Tanaya Roychowdhury
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Rajesh Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Rituparna Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Narendra N Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Sabir A Molla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Soma Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Gynaecological Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata, 700094, India
| | - Chandraday Prodhan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Keya Chaudhury
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Priyabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Nirmal K Sarkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street Road, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | | | - Rittwika Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Gynaecological Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata, 700094, India
| | - Chinmoy K Bose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Gynaecological Oncology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata, 700094, India
| | - Dilip K Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
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Hypomethylation of LIMD1 and P16 by downregulation of DNMT1 results in restriction of liver carcinogenesis by amarogentin treatment. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nuntawong P, Lohseethong K, Juengwatanatrakul T, Yusakul G, Putalun W, Tanaka H, Sakamoto S, Morimoto S. Competitive immunochromatographic test strips for the rapid semi-quantitative analysis of the biologically active bitter glycoside, amarogentin. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2021; 42:48-61. [PMID: 32896225 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1819308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amarogentin (AG), a biologically active secoiridoid glycoside, is responsible for the efficacy of Gentianaceae based medications. Thus, qualitative and quantitative analyses of AG are of significance for batch to batch quality control purposes. By conjugating colloidal gold nanoparticles with the AG-specific monoclonal antibody, MAb 1E9, we were able to develop a single-step competitive immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for simple quantification of the AG content in plant samples. With a limit of detection of 250 ng/mL, the analytical results were obtained after immersing the ICA test strip in the detection mixture for 15 min. This new ICA is superior to conventional ICAs as it is considerably faster due to the speed with which the test strips can be produced and the omission of the time-consuming preparation phase that was previously required to make the fiber pad. Moreover, our ICA only needs a small amount of analyte (20 µL).The reliability of the reported test strip was confirmed by comparing its semi-quantitative results with those obtained via an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA). The positive correlation between these methods (R2 = 0.984) indicated that this new ICA could be applied for the semi-quantitative analysis of the AG content in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Amarogentin Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Angiogenesis after Insufficient Radiofrequency Ablation via Affecting Stemness and the p53-Dependent VEGFA/Dll4/Notch1 Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5391058. [PMID: 33145353 PMCID: PMC7596460 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5391058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Whether and how amarogentin suppresses the angiogenesis effect in liver cancer cells after insufficient radiofrequency ablation (iRFA) are still poorly studied. Methods The number of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and the level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were assessed in liver cancer tissue after iRFA. Then, CD133-positive cells were detected in iRFA models of HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines treated with amarogentin. Tube formation assays were applied to observe the antiangiogenesis effects of amarogentin. In addition, the angiogenesis-related molecules p53, delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4), and Notch1 were detected in the iRFA cells and mouse models treated with amarogentin. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels of CD133 and VEGFA were significantly higher in the residual liver cancer tissue than in the liver cancer tissues treated by hepatectomy. Amarogentin then markedly decreased the percentage of CD133-positive cells in the iRFA model in both HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines. The number of tubules formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was significantly decreased by amarogentin. Inversely, the antiangiogenesis effect of amarogentin was counteracted after p53 silencing in the iRFA cell models. Conclusion Amarogentin prevents the malignant transformation of liver cancer after iRFA via affecting stemness and the p53-dependent VEGFA/Dll4/Notch1 pathway to inhibit cancer cell angiogenesis.
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Patel K, Kumar V, Verma A, Rahman M, Patel DK. Amarogentin as Topical Anticancer and Anti-Infective Potential: Scope of Lipid Based Vesicular in its Effective Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:7-15. [DOI: 10.2174/1574891x13666180913154355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for the development of liposomes based nanomedicines formulation
for better efficacy and safety of the available drugs in the market. Liposomes have various
applications in the field of pharmaceutical and medical field for their drug target potential,
diagnostic importance and imaging techniques. Natural plant based drugs and their derivatives
have been used in the medicine, nutraceuticals, perfumery, cosmetic and beverages
industry. More than half of the prescribed drugs in the worldwide are mainly derived from
different natural sources. Development of plant derived product is an emerging field of food,
pharmaceutical and health industries. Plants belonging to the Gentianaecae family are well
known for their bitter taste and Swertia chirata is one of best plants among them. Various
active phytochemical of Swertia chirata are bitter secoiridoids like gentiopicroside,
amarogentin, swertiamarin, isovitexin and isogentisin. People use different species of Swertia
in the form of decoction, infusion, paste and juice for the treatment of fever and enteric diseases.
Swertia chirata possesses anticarcinogenic, antioxidative, hypoglycemic, antihepatotoxic,
antimalarial, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Amarogentin, a bitter
secoiridoid glycoside present in Swertia chirata plant is an activator of human bitter taste
receptor. Pharmacologically, amarogentin has antibacterial, antihepatitis, anticholinergic and
chemopreventive activities, moreover, amarogentin has been proven for their anti-lieshmanial
activity. Other studies also suggested that amarogentin acts on liver carcinogenesis, skin carcinogenesis
and reduced tumour progression. In the present review, we have collected and
compiled the data regarding biological sources, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry,
anticancer and anti-infective potential of amarogentin. For better understanding of various
aspects of amarogentin, we have also discussed Swertia chirayita in a very concise manner.
Further data related to various patents on amarogentin have also been discussed in this manuscript.
However, we also admit that new advance biological research will also increase the
medicinal and pharmacological value of amarogentin. Information regarding the chemistry of
amarogentin, its biological sources, bioavailability as a pharmacological agent for the treatment
and management of skin disorders and various forms of cancers will be beneficial to the
scientists in the medicinal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh K. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Roy R, Pal D, Sur S, Mandal S, Saha P, Panda CK. Pongapin and Karanjin, furanoflavanoids of
Pongamia pinnata
, induce G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by differential reactive oxygen species modulation, DNA damage, and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell signaling. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1084-1094. [PMID: 30834631 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Roy
- Department of Oncogene RegulationChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Debolina Pal
- Department of Oncogene RegulationChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Subhayan Sur
- Department of Oncogene RegulationChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
- Department of Pathology, Edward A. Doisy Research CentreSaint Louis University St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Suvra Mandal
- Department of ChemistryNational Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development Bidhannagar West Bengal India
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Department of Oncogene RegulationChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
- Department of Cancer ChemopreventionChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene RegulationChittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata West Bengal India
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Sakamoto S, Wada S, Morita Y, Yamaguchi T, Tanaka H, Morimoto S. Magnetic particles-based enzyme immunoassay for rapid determination of secoiridoid glycoside, amarogentin. Talanta 2019; 194:731-736. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Dasgupta H, Islam S, Alam N, Roy A, Roychoudhury S, Panda CK. Hypomethylation of mismatch repair genes MLH1 and MSH2 is associated with chemotolerance of breast carcinoma: Clinical significance. J Surg Oncol 2018; 119:88-100. [PMID: 30481381 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to understand the importance of mismatch repair genes MLH1 and MSH2 in chemotolerance and prognosis of breast carcinoma (BC). METHODS First, the alterations (deletion/methylation/expression) of MLH1 and MSH2 were analyzed in 45 neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)-treated and 133 pretherapeutic BC samples. The chemotolerant BC cells were characterized by treating two BC cell lines MCF-7 and MDA MB 231 with two anthracycline antitumor antibiotics, doxorubicin and nogalamycin. RESULTS The deletion frequencies were 32% to 38% in MLH1/MSH2 genes and promoter methylation frequencies were 49% to 62% in MLH1 and 41% to 51% in MSH2 in both NACT-treated and pretherapeutic samples. The overall alteration of MLH1 and MSH2 was 58% to 71% in the samples. Reduced messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were found in both the genes and it showed concordance with the molecular alterations. NACT-treated patients showed better prognosis. The chemotherapeutic drug induced increased mRNA/protein expression of the genes in BC cell lines was due to their promoter hypomethylation, as analyzed by quantitative methylation assay. This phenomenon was also evident in NACT-treated BC samples. CONCLUSION MLH1/MSH2 genes play a critical role in the development of BC. Hypomethylation of MLH1/MSH2 genes might be important in chemotolerance of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemantika Dasgupta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Saimul Islam
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Neyaz Alam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Susanta Roychoudhury
- Research Divison, Saroj Gupta Cancer Center and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Induction of HRR genes and inhibition of DNMT1 is associated with anthracycline anti-tumor antibiotic-tolerant breast carcinoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 453:163-178. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Pal D, Sur S, Roy R, Mandal S, Kumar Panda C. Epigallocatechin gallate in combination with eugenol or amarogentin shows synergistic chemotherapeutic potential in cervical cancer cell line. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:825-836. [PMID: 30078217 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, antitumor activity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG; major component of green tea polyphenol), eugenol (active component of clove), and amarogentin (active component of chirata plant) either alone or in combination were evaluated in Hela cell line. It was evident that EGCG with eugenol-amrogentin could highly inhibit the cellular proliferation and colony formation than individual treatments. Induction of apoptosis was also higher after treatment with EGCG in combination with eugenol-amrogentin than individual compound treatments. The antiproliferative effect of these compounds was due to downregulation of cyclinD1 and upregulation of cell cycle inhibitors LIMD1, RBSP3, and p16 at G1/S phase of cell cycle. Treatment of these compounds could induce promoter hypomethylation of LimD1 and P16 genes as a result of reduced expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Thus, our study indicated the better chemotherapeutic effect of EGCG in combination with eugenol-amarogentin in Hela cell line. The chemotherapeutic effect might be due to the epigenetic modification particularly DNA hypomethylation through downregulation of DNMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Pal
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittarangan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhayan Sur
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittarangan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rituparna Roy
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittarangan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Suvra Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, National Research Institute for Ayurvedic Drug Development, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittarangan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Huang C, Li R, Zhang Y, Gong J. Amarogentin Induces Apoptosis of Liver Cancer Cells via Upregulation of p53 and Downregulation of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in Mice. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2017; 16:546-558. [PMID: 27402632 PMCID: PMC5665146 DOI: 10.1177/1533034616657976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Amarogentin has been reported to have a preventive effect on liver cancer via inducing cancer cell apoptosis. We attempted to elucidate the roles of p53-associated apoptosis pathways in the chemopreventive mechanism of amarogentin. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a novel supplementary strategy for the treatment of liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The purity of amarogentin was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The inhibitory ratios of the liver cell lines were determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 following treatment with a gradient concentration of amarogentin. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide kits. The gene and protein expression of p53-associated molecules, such as Akt, human telomerase reverse transcriptase, RelA, and p38, was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining in liver cancer cells and mouse tumor tissues after treatment with amarogentin. RESULTS The inhibitory effect of amarogentin on cell proliferation was more obvious in liver cancer cells, and amarogentin was more likely to induce the apoptosis of liver cancer cells than that of normal liver cells. The gene and protein expression levels of Akt, RelA, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase were markedly higher in the control group than in the preventive group and treatment groups. Only the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase was downregulated, accompanied by the upregulation of p53. CONCLUSION The results of our study suggest that amarogentin promotes apoptosis of liver cancer cells by the upregulation of p53 and downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and prevents the malignant transformation of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, Wanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runqin Li
- Division of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, Wanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinglin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Dasgupta H, Mukherjee N, Islam S, Bhattacharya R, Alam N, Roy A, Roychoudhury S, Biswas J, Panda CK. Frequent alterations of homologous recombination repair pathway in primary and chemotolerant breast carcinomas: clinical importance. Future Oncol 2017; 13:159-174. [PMID: 27646721 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To understand the importance of homologous recombination repair pathway in development of breast carcinoma (BC), alterations of some key regulatory genes like BRCA1, BRCA2, FANCC and FANCD2 were analyzed in pretherapeutic/neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)-treated BC samples. Materials & methods: Alterations (deletion/methylation/expression) of the genes were analyzed in 118 pretherapeutic and 41 NACT-treated BC samples. Results: High deletion/methylation (29–68%) and 64–78% overall alterations of the genes were found in the samples. Concordance was evident between alteration and protein expression of the genes. Estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative tumors showed significantly high alterations even in NACT-treated samples having low CD44 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression. Pretherapeutic patients with alterations showed poor prognosis. Conclusion: Alterations of homologous recombination repair pathway genes are needed for the development of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemantika Dasgupta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India
| | - Nupur Mukherjee
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India
| | - Saimul Islam
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India
| | - Rittwika Bhattacharya
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India
| | - Neyaz Alam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College & Hospital, West Bengal, India
| | - Susanta Roychoudhury
- Saroj Gupta Cancer Center & Research Institute, MG Road, Thakurpukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India
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