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Khan IR, Sadida HQ, Hashem S, Singh M, Macha MA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Khurshid I, Bhat AA. Therapeutic implications of signaling pathways and tumor microenvironment interactions in esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116873. [PMID: 38843587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and altered signaling pathways. Downregulating these pathways in EC is essential for suppressing tumor development, preventing metastasis, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. This approach can increase tumor sensitivity to treatments, enhance patient outcomes, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and spread. The TME, comprising cellular and non-cellular elements surrounding the tumor, significantly influences EC's development, course, and treatment responsiveness. Understanding the complex relationships within the TME is crucial for developing successful EC treatments. Immunotherapy is a vital TME treatment for EC. However, the heterogeneity within the TME limits the application of anticancer drugs outside clinical settings. Therefore, identifying reliable microenvironmental biomarkers that can detect therapeutic responses before initiating therapy is crucial. Combining approaches focusing on EC signaling pathways with TME can enhance treatment outcomes. This integrated strategy aims to interfere with essential signaling pathways promoting cancer spread while disrupting factors encouraging tumor development. Unraveling aberrant signaling pathways and TME components can lead to more focused and efficient treatment approaches, identifying specific cellular targets for treatments. Targeting the TME and signaling pathways may reduce metastasis risk by interfering with mechanisms facilitating cancer cell invasion and dissemination. In conclusion, this integrative strategy has significant potential for improving patient outcomes and advancing EC research and therapy. This review discusses the altered signaling pathways and TME in EC, focusing on potential future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inamu Rashid Khan
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Ibraq Khurshid
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
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Zhou X, Tong Y, Yu C, Pu J, Zhu W, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xiong Y, Sun X. FAP positive cancer-associated fibroblasts promote tumor progression and radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38934786 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant and heterogeneous stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, which play important roles in regulating tumor progression and therapy resistance by transferring exosomes to cancer cells. However, how CAFs modulate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression and radioresistance remains incompletely understood. The expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in CAFs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 174 ESCC patients who underwent surgery and 78 pretreatment biopsy specimens of ESCC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy. We sorted CAFs according to FAP expression, and the conditioned medium (CM) was collected to culture ESCC cells. The expression levels of several lncRNAs that were considered to regulate ESCC progression and/or radioresistance were measured in exosomes derived from FAP+ CAFs and FAP- CAFs. Subsequently, cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, transwell, colony formation, and xenograft assays were performed to investigate the functional differences between FAP+ CAFs and FAP- CAFs. Finally, a series of in vitro and in vivo assays were used to evaluate the effect of AFAP1-AS1 on radiosensitivity of ESCC cells. FAP expression in stromal CAFs was positively correlated with nerve invasion, vascular invasion, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, lack of clinical complete response and poor survival. Culture of ESCC cells with CM/FAP+ CAFs significantly increased cancer proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance, compared with culture with CM/FAP- CAFs. Importantly, FAP+ CAFs exert their roles by directly transferring the functional lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to ESCC cells via exosomes. Functional studies showed that AFAP1-AS1 promoted radioresistance by enhancing DNA damage repair in ESCC cells. Clinically, high levels of plasma AFAP1-AS1 correlated with poor responses to dCRT in ESCC patients. Our findings demonstrated that FAP+ CAFs promoted radioresistance in ESCC cells through transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1; and may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yusuo Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Changhua Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Juan Pu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuandong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yaozu Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang Z, Huang T, Sheng C, Wang K, Li Y, Feng Y, Huo D, Duan F. Prognostic value of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in breast cancer: a meta-analysis and validated study in Chinese population. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1923. [PMID: 37916733 PMCID: PMC10809272 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non encoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a crucial role in breast cancer. However, the prognostic role of AFAP1-AS1 in breast cancer remains unclear. AIMS To investigate the relationship between the expression of long non-coding RNA actin filament-associated protein1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) and prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS Meta-analysis was performed to explore the correlation between AFAP1-AS1 and breast cancer. The AFAP1-AS1expression in patients with breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue from 153 patients was determined by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics and Cox proportional-hazards risk model were used to explore the relationship between expression of AFAP1-AS1 and prognosis. The combined analysis revealed a significant correlation between AFAP1-AS1 expression and both overall survival (hazard ratios, HR = 2.33, 95%Cl: 1.94-2.81, p < 0.001) as well as disease-free survival/progression-free survival (HR = 2.94, 95%CI: 2.35-3.67, p < 0.001). The relation between expression of AFAP1-AS1 and breast cancer was determined in 153 breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The findings revealed a significantly higher AFAP1-AS1expression levels in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.001). Additionally, patients exhibiting heightened levels of AFAP1-AS1 expression were correlated with an unfavorable prognosis (HR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.47-3.74, p < 0.001), which aligns consistently with the findings of the pooled analysis. The subgroup analysis of clinical characteristics revealed a significant association between high expression of AFAP1-AS1 and TNM stage (HR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.11-2.65, p = 0.015). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that AFAP1-AS1 acts as an oncogene and may serve as a novel prognostic marker for breast cancer, particularly in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Yang
- Department of Medical Research Officethe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medical Research Officethe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Chong Sheng
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Medical Research Officethe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Hospital Infection Managementthe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dandan Huo
- Department of Medical Research Officethe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Fujiao Duan
- Department of Medical Research Officethe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
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Non-coding RNAs in radiotherapy resistance: Roles and therapeutic implications in gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114485. [PMID: 36917887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has become an indispensable and conventional means for patients with advanced solid tumors including gastrointestinal cancer. However, innate or acquired radiotherapy resistance remains a significant challenge and greatly limits the therapeutic effect, which results in cancer relapse and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clarify the biological characteristics and mechanism of radiotherapy resistance. Recently, lots of studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are the potential indicators and regulators of radiotherapy resistance via the mediation of various targets/pathways in different cancers. These findings may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome radiotherapy resistance. In this review, we will shed light on the recent findings regarding the functions and regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs following radiotherapy, and comprehensively discuss their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in radiotherapy resistance of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Noncoding RNAs in esophageal cancer: A glimpse into implications for therapy resistance. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106678. [PMID: 36709789 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system and has a high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment modalities for EC. Chemoradiotherapy is currently acknowledged worldwide as being the standard treatment for locally advanced or unresectable disease. Unfortunately, due to the existence of therapy resistance, a number of EC patients fail to benefit from drug or irradiation treatment, which ultimately leads to poor outcomes. Considerable efforts have been made to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapy resistance of EC. Notably, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are current research areas for the modulation of therapy responses and may serve as new targets to overcome treatment resistance in EC. Herein, we summarized the mechanisms by which ncRNAs are involved in drug and radiation resistance in EC and highlighted their role in promoting or repressing treatment resistance. Additionally, we discussed the clinical relevance of ncRNAs, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers for EC.
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Xu X, Duan F, Xu L, Ng S, Li Y, Li Y, Wang X, Long T, Ding N, Xu E. High expression of AFAP1-AS1 is associated with poor prognosis of digestive system cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30833. [PMID: 36197192 PMCID: PMC9509167 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) is associated with prognosis in many cancers. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the potential correlation between AFAP1-AS1 and the prognosis of digestive system cancers (DSC). METHODS EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang Data (Chinese), and CNKI (Chinese) were comprehensively searched for literature published from the establishment of the database to September 2021.All case-control studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved; additionally manual retrieval and literature tracing was performed. After extracting the relevant data, Revman 5.3.5 software was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS Eighteen studies were included in analyses, high expression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in DSC, including overall survival (HR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.72-2.17, P < .001) and disease-free survival/progression-free survival (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.56-2.26, P < .001). In addition, the expression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION High expression of AFAP1-AS1 was associated with poor prognosis in DSC. Therefore, it could be used as a potential marker for evaluating prognosis in DSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fujiao Duan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Medicine, Zhengzhou University Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liran Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Viral Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiutin Ng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoge Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianjian Long
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nana Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erping Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Erping Xu, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongjing College), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450018, China (e-mail: )
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Zhang H, Fang C, Feng Z, Xia T, Lu L, Luo M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Li Y. The Role of LncRNAs in the Regulation of Radiotherapy Sensitivity in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:896840. [PMID: 35692795 PMCID: PMC9178109 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.896840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the three majors gynecological malignancies, which seriously threatens women’s health and life. Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most common treatments for cervical cancer, which can reduce local recurrence and prolong survival in patients with cervical cancer. However, the resistance of cancer cells to Radiotherapy are the main cause of treatment failure in patients with cervical cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a group of non-protein-coding RNAs with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, which play an important role in regulating the biological behavior of cervical cancer. Recent studies have shown that LncRNAs play a key role in regulating the sensitivity of radiotherapy for cervical cancer. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of LncRNAs and the molecular mechanism of radiosensitivity in cervical cancer, list the LncRNAs associated with radiosensitivity in cervical cancer, analyze their potential mechanisms, and discuss the potential clinical application of these LncRNAs in regulating radiosensitivity in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunju Fang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Feng
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuncong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuncong Liu, ; Yong Li,
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuncong Liu, ; Yong Li,
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A Pleiotropic Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Modulation of Wnt/β-Catenin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Implication in Chemotherapeutic Drug Response. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:2326-2349. [PMID: 35448163 PMCID: PMC9031703 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29040189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of modern techniques for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), tumor recurrence and metastasis are significant challenges in clinical management. Thus, ESCC possesses a poor prognosis and low five-year overall survival rate. Notably, the origin and recurrence of the cancer phenotype are under the control of complex cancer-related signaling pathways. In this review, we provide comprehensive knowledge about long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) related to Wnt/β-catenin and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in ESCC and its implications in hindering the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. We observed that a pool of lncRNAs, such as HERES, TUG1, and UCA1, associated with ESCC, directly or indirectly targets various molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and facilitates the manifestation of multiple cancer phenotypes, including proliferation, metastasis, relapse, and resistance to anticancer treatment. Additionally, several lncRNAs, such as HCP5 and PTCSC1, modulate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways during the ESCC pathogenesis. Furthermore, a few lncRNAs, such as AFAP1-AS1 and LINC01014, block the efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and gefitinib, used for ESCC treatment. Therefore, this review may help in designing a better therapeutic strategy for ESCC patients.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Mokhtari M. A Review on the Role of AFAP1-AS1 in the Pathoetiology of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777849. [PMID: 34912717 PMCID: PMC8666534 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AFAP1-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA which partakes in the pathoetiology of several cancers. The sense protein coding gene from this locus partakes in the regulation of cytophagy, cell motility, invasive characteristics of cells and metastatic ability. In addition to acting in concert with AFAP1, AFAP1-AS1 can sequester a number of cancer-related miRNAs, thus affecting activity of signaling pathways involved in cancer progression. Most of animal studies have confirmed that AFAP1-AS1 silencing can reduce tumor volume and invasive behavior of tumor cells in the xenograft models. Moreover, statistical analyses in the human subjects have shown strong correlation between expression levels of this lncRNA and clinical outcomes. In the present work, we review the impact of AFAP1-AS1 in the carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayybeh Khoshbakht
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Majid Mokhtari
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wei L, Sun J, Zhang N, Shen Y, Wang T, Li Z, Yang M. Novel Implications of MicroRNAs, Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Drug Resistance of Esophageal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:764313. [PMID: 34881242 PMCID: PMC8645845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.764313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy based on platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine, as well as targeted treatment and immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the prognosis in a portion of patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Unfortunately, a number of esophageal cancer patients develop drug resistance, resulting in poor outcomes. Multiple mechanisms contributing to drug resistance of esophageal cancer have been reported. Notably, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been identified to play crucial roles in modulating esophageal cancer drug resistance. In the present review, we highlight the underlying mechanisms how miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs impact the drug resistance of esophageal cancer. Several miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs may have potential clinical implications as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jujie Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Nasha Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Teng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zengjun Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Raei N, Safaralizadeh R, Hesseinpourfeizi M, Yazdanbod A, Pourfarzi F, Latifi-Navid S. Crosstalk between lncRNAs and miRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer drug resistance. Life Sci 2021; 284:119933. [PMID: 34508759 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Dysregulation of lncRNAs by epigenetic alteration is crucial in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Epigenetic alteration includes DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, and deregulated-gene expression by miRNAs. LncRNAs are involved in biological processes, including, uncontrolled cell division, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis and drugs. Multiple-drug resistance (MDR) is a crucial obstacle in effective chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers. MDR can be associated with the prognosis and diagnosis of patients receiving chemotherapeutic agents (i.e. cisplatin, oxaliplatin, platinum, 5-fluorouracil, gefitinib, methotrexate, taxol, cetuximab, docetaxel, and gemcitabine). In this review, we focused on recently known lncRNAs and their relation with miRNAs and chemotherapeutic drugs, and their modulation in gastrointestinal cancers. Moreover, we mentioned the future prospective and clinical application of lncRNAs as a critical indicator and biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis, staging, grading, and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Raei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Farhad Pourfarzi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
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Long noncoding RNA TTTY15 promotes growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by sponging microRNA-337-3p to upregulate the expression of JAK2. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:1038-1045. [PMID: 32868648 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) testis-specific transcript, Y-linked 15 (TTTY15) plays an important regulatory role in prostate cancer, but its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the expression pattern, biological function and underlying mechanism of TTTY15 in ESCC. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TTTY15 and microRNA (miR)-337-3p in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Cell counting kit-8 method was used to detect the proliferation of ESCC cells. Transwell method was used to determine the migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the interaction between TTTY15 and miR-337-3p. Western blot was used to analyze the effects of TTTY15 and miR-337-3p on Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) expression. In the present study, we demonstrated that the expression level of TTTY15 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues, while the expression of miR-337-3p was downregulated. In ESCC samples, the expression levels of TTTY15 and miR-337-3p were negatively correlated. TTTY15 knockdown could significantly reduce the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells, and miR-337-3p mimics had similar effects. In addition, overexpression of TTTY15 inhibited miR-337-3p by binding with it. TTTY15 could indirectly modulate JAK2, and overexpression of TTTY15 could reverse the inhibitory effects of miR-337-3p on malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. In conclusion, TTTY15 plays an oncogenic role in ESCC by targeting miR-337-3p/JAK2 axis.
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Wu J, Xu W, Ma L, Sheng J, Ye M, Chen H, Zhang Y, Wang B, Liao M, Meng T, Zhou Y, Chen H. Formononetin relieves the facilitating effect of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1-miR-195/miR-545 axis on progression and chemo-resistance of triple-negative breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18191-18222. [PMID: 34289449 PMCID: PMC8351708 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This investigation attempted to discern whether formononetin restrained progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by blocking lncRNA AFAP1-AS1-miR-195/miR-545 axis. We prepared TNBC cell lines (i.e. MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and normal human mammary epithelial cell line (i.e. MCF-10A) in advance, and the TNBC cell lines were, respectively, transfected by pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, si-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, pcDNA6.2/GW/EmGFP-miR-545 or pcDNA6.2/GW/EmGFP-miR-195. Resistance of TNBC cells in response to 5-Fu, adriamycin, paclitaxel and cisplatin was evaluated through MTT assay, while potentials of TNBC cells in proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed via CCK8 assay and Transwell assay. Consequently, silencing of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 impaired chemo-resistance, proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells (P<0.05), and over-expression of miR-195 and miR-545, which were sponged and down-regulated by lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 (P<0.05), significantly reversed the promoting effect of pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 on proliferation, migration, invasion and chemo-resistance of TNBC cells (P<0.05). Furthermore, CDK4 and Raf-1, essential biomarkers of TNBC progression, were, respectively, subjected to target and down-regulation of miR-545 and miR-195 (P<0.05), and they were promoted by pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 at protein and mRNA levels (P<0.05). Additionally, formononetin significantly decreased expressions of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, CDK4 and Raf-1, while raised miR-195 and miR-545 expressions in TNBC cells (P<0.05), and exposure to it dramatically contained malignant behaviors of TNBC cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, formononetin alleviated TNBC malignancy by suppressing lncRNA AFAP1-AS1-miR-195/miR-545 axis, suggesting that molecular targets combined with traditional Chinese medicine could yield significant clinical benefits in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Sheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meina Ye
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Department of Mammary Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjuan Liao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Meng
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongfeng Chen
- Department of Breast, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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14
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Dang Y, Ouyang X, Ren W, Wang L, Huang Q. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Modulates the Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating AFAP1 via miR-205-5p. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5163-5175. [PMID: 34234560 PMCID: PMC8255651 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s307424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study investigated the expression and function of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) actin filament associated protein 1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) related to gastric cancer (GC), based on previous results from a microarray analysis. Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of AFAP1-AS1 in 97 fresh GC tissues and paired non-GC tissues, as well as in six different GC cell lines (BGC-823, SGC-7901, MGC-803, AGS, MKN-45, and MKN-28). The expression levels were subsequently correlated with the clinicopathological features of patients. siRNA against AFAP1-AS1 was transfected into GC cell lines, and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected before and after silencing of AFAP1-AS1 expression. Luciferase reporter gene analysis was used to confirm the target gene of microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) in 293T cells. The potential mechanism was subsequently investigated. Results qPCR results showed that AFAP1-AS1 was significantly overexpressed in GC tumor tissues and also GC cell lines, comparing to their paired non-GC tissues. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that the overexpression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with tumor size (p=0.018) and grade of differentiation (p=0.042). Subsequently, artificially decreasing the expression of AFAP1-AS1 with its specific siRNA dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cell lines (SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells). Mechanical analysis suggested that AFAP1-AS1 is involved in regulation of its maternal gene, AFAP1, at both mRNA level and protein level. Luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, as a ceRNA, is able to sponge miR-205-5p. Moreover, miR-205-5p has been well demonstrated to participate in the regulation of AFAP1 expression and the phenotypes of GC cells, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion AFAP1-AS1, as a novel biomarker of GC, promotes the proliferation migration and invasion of GC cells and function as ceRNA to target AFAP1 by sponging miR-205-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Ouyang
- Department of Department of Pathology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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15
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Yu Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Liu X. Long noncoding RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of digestive tract cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2021; 112:797-804. [PMID: 32338027 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.5450/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted attention recently. However, many inconsistencies frequently appeared for the early diagnosis of digestive tract cancers (DTCs). We performed this meta-analysis to describe the diagnostic performance of lncRNAs in the discrimination of DTCs. METHODS data were extracted from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Their quality was evaluated using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Such parameters as sensitivity and specificity were included for pooled analyses. The STATA 12.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4 software packages were used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS sixty-nine papers were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis of DTCs showed that lncRNAs had a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.80. The area under the summary ROC curve (AUC) was 0.86. For gastric cancer (GC), the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.77 (95 % CI: 0.72-0.81) and 0.75 (95 % CI: 0.71-0.79), respectively, and the AUC was 0.83. For colorectal cancer (CRC), these three parameters were 0.82 (95 % CI: 0.76-0.86), 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.79-0.88), and 0.90, respectively. For esophageal cancer (EC) sensitivity was 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.67-0.80) and specificity reached 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.72-0.93), with an AUC of 0.82. CONCLUSIONS LncRNAs show potential diagnostic value for discrimination between DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Yu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, China
| | - Yinlong Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, China
| | | | - Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University,
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16
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Zhu ZJ, Pang Y, Jin G, Zhang HY, Wang WH, Liu JW, Tuo GX, Wu P, Yang Y, Wang ZQ, Wang K. Hypoxia induces chemoresistance of esophageal cancer cells to cisplatin through regulating the lncRNA-EMS/miR-758-3p/WTAP axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17155-17176. [PMID: 34081626 PMCID: PMC8312407 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia contributes significantly to the development of chemoresistance of many malignancies including esophageal cancer (EC). Accumulating studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs play important roles in chemotherapy resistance. Here, we identified a novel lncRNA-EMS/miR-758-3p/WTAP axis that was involved in hypoxia-mediated chemoresistance to cisplatin in human EC. Hypoxia induced the expressions of lncRNA EMS and WTAP, and reduced the expression of miR-758-3p in EC cell line ECA-109. In addition, the expressions of EMS and WTAP were required for the hypoxia-induced drug resistance to cisplatin in EC cells, while overexpression of miR-758-3p reversed such chemoresistance. The targeting relationships between EMS and miR-758-3p, as well as miR-758-3p and WTAP, were verified by luciferase-based reporter assays and multiple quantitative assays after gene overexpression/knockdown. Moreover, we found significant correlations between tumor expressions of these molecules. Notably, higher levels of EMS/WTAP, or lower levels of miR-758-3p in tumors predicted worse survivals of EC patients. Furthermore, in a xenograft mouse model, targeted knockdown of EMS and WTAP in ECA-109 cells markedly attenuated the resistance of tumors to cisplatin treatments. Our study uncovers a critical lncRNA-EMS/miR-758-3p/WTAP axis in regulating hypoxia-mediated drug resistance to cisplatin in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jiang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yao Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Hao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery 2, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guang-Xin Tuo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ze-Quan Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
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17
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Zhang H, Tian J, Tang J, Wang T. Prognostic value of long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 in esophageal carcinoma: A protocol for meta-analysis, TCGA data and bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25452. [PMID: 33879677 PMCID: PMC8078342 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, an increasing number of long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been reported to be abnormally expressed in human carcinomas and play a vital role in tumourigenesis. Some studies have been carried out to investigate the influence of the expression of LncRNA human urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) on prognosis and clinical significance in patients with esophageal cancer, but the results are contradictory and uncertain. A meta-analysis and was conducted with controversial data to accurately assess the issue. We collected relevant TCGA data to further testify the result. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to investigate the mechanism and related pathways of LncRNA UCA1 in esophageal carcinoma. METHODS Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched for relevant information. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and literature quality evaluation. Odd ratio and its 95% confidence intervals were applied to evaluate the relationship between LncRNA UCA1 and clinicopathological characteristics of esophageal carcinoma patients. Hazard ratios and its 95% confidence intervals were adopted to assess the prognostic effects of LncRNA UCA1 on overall survival and disease-free survival. Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 14.0 software. To further assess the function of LncRNA UCA1 in esophageal carcinoma, relevant data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was collected. Three databases, miRWalk, TargetScan, and miRDB, were used for prediction of target genes. Genes present in these 3 databases were considered as predicted target genes of LncRNA UCA1. Venny 2.1 were used for intersection analysis. Subsequently, GO, KEGG, and PPI network analysis were conducted based on the overlapping target genes of LncRNA UCA1 to explore the possible molecular mechanism in esophageal carcinoma. RESULTS This study provides a high-quality medical evidence for the correlation between LncRNA UCA1 expression and overall survival, and between disease-free survival and clinicopathological features. Based on bioinformatics analysis, this study enhanced the understanding of the mechanism and related pathways of LncRNA UCA1 in esophageal carcinoma. CONCLUSION The study provides updated evidence to evaluate whether the expression of LncRNA UCA1 is in association with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not damage participants' rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/8MCHW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - TianHu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
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18
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Zhang H, Si J, Yue J, Ma S. The mechanisms and reversal strategies of tumor radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1275-1286. [PMID: 33687564 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03493-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of most lethal malignancies with high aggressive potential in the world. Radiotherapy is used as one curative treatment modality for ESCC patients. Due to radioresistance, the 5-year survival rates of patients after radiotherapy is less than 20%. Tumor radioresistance is very complex and heterogeneous. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as one major component of tumor microenvironment (TME), play critical roles in regulating tumor radioresponse through multiple mechanisms and are increasingly considered as important anti-cancer targets. Cancer stemness, which renders cancer cells to be extremely resistant to conventional therapies, is involved in ESCC radioresistance due to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog and Hippo (HH) pathways, or the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia and autophagy. Non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which account for more than 90% of the genome, are involved in esophageal cancer initiation and progression through regulating the activation or inactivation of downstream signaling pathways and the expressions of target genes. Herein, we mainly reviewed the role of CAFs, cancer stemness, non-coding RNAs as well as others in the development of radioresistance and clarify the involved mechanisms. Furthermore, we summarized the potential strategies which were reported to reverse radioresistance in ESCC. Together, this review gives a systematic coverage of radioresistance mechanisms and reversal strategies and contributes to better understanding of tumor radioresistance for the exploitation of novel intervention strategies in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Zhang
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jingxing Si
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jing Yue
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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19
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Xue W, Zheng Y, Shen Z, Li L, Fan Z, Wang W, Zhu Z, Zhai Y, Zhao J, Kan Q. Involvement of long non-coding RNAs in the progression of esophageal cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:371-388. [PMID: 33605567 PMCID: PMC8118593 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system with high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of EC and searching for new targeted therapies are the current research hotspot for EC treatment. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are endogenous RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides, but without protein‐coding function. In recent years, lncRNAs have gradually become the focuses in the field of non‐coding RNA. Some lncRNAs have been proved to be closely related to the pathogenesis of EC. Many lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in EC and participate in many biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis by inhibiting or promoting target gene expression. LncRNAs can also regulate the progression of EC through epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT), which is closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of EC. In this article, we review and discuss the involvement of lncRNAs in the progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhirui Fan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zijia Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yunkai Zhai
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
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20
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Mi X, Xu R, Hong S, Xu T, Zhang W, Liu M. M2 Macrophage-Derived Exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 and MicroRNA-26a Affect Cell Migration and Metastasis in Esophageal Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:779-790. [PMID: 33230475 PMCID: PMC7595846 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes from cancer cells or immune cells, carrying bio-macromolecules or long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), participate in tumor pathogenesis and progression by modulating the microenvironment. This study aims to explore the function of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on the invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer (EC) with the involvement of the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1/microRNA-26a (miR-26a)/activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) axis. We found that lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 could specifically bind to miR-26a, thus affecting the expression of miR-26a, and ATF2 was the direct target of miR-26a. Compared with M1 macrophage-derived exosomes, M2 macrophage-derived exosomes exhibited higher AFAP1-AS1 and ATF2 expression and lower miR-26a expression. Moreover, extracellular AFAP1-AS1 could be moved to KYSE410 cells via being incorporated into M2 macrophage-derived exosomes. M2 macrophage-derived exosomes could downregulate miR-26a and promote the expression of ATF2 through high expression of AFAP1-AS1, thus promoting the migration, invasion, and lung metastasis of EC cells; M2-exosomes upregulating AFAP1-AS1 or downregulating miR-26a ameliorated this effect. In summary, M2 macrophage-derived exosomes transferred lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to downregulate miR-26a and upregulate ATF2, thus promoting the invasion and metastasis of EC. Targeting M2 macrophages and the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1/miR-26a/ATF2 signaling axis represents a potential therapeutic strategy for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian, China
| | - Rongyu Xu
- Department of Oncology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian, China
| | - Shunzhong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian, China
| | - Wanfei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000 Fujian, China
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21
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Long Non-Coding RNAs as Strategic Molecules to Augment the Radiation Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186787. [PMID: 32947897 PMCID: PMC7576487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic resistance to ionizing radiation is the major impediment in the treatment and clinical management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), leading to tumor relapse and poor prognosis. Although several biological and molecular mechanisms are responsible for resistance to radiotherapy in ESCC, the molecule(s) involved in predicting radiotherapy response and prognosis are still lacking, thus requiring a detailed understanding. Recent studies have demonstrated an imperative correlation amongst several long non-coding RNAs and their involvement in complex cellular networks like DNA damage and repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, accumulating evidence has suggested abnormal expression of lncRNAs in malignant tumor cells before and after radiotherapy effects in tumor cells' sensitivity. Thus, lncRNAs indeed represent unique molecules that can influence tumor cell susceptibility for various clinical interventions. On this note, herein, we have summarized the current status of lncRNAs in augmenting resistance/sensitivity in ESCC against radiotherapy. In addition, we have also discussed various strategies to increase the radiosensitivity in ESCC cells under clinical settings.
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22
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Ma J, Zhang Y, Deng H, Liu Y, Lei X, He P, Dong W. Thymoquinone inhibits the proliferation and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by disrupting the AKT/GSK-3β/Wnt signaling pathway via PTEN upregulation. Phytother Res 2020; 34:3388-3399. [PMID: 32901987 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although thymoquinone (TQ) has been reported to exert antitumor activity against various types of human cancers without evident toxicity, limited studies have reported the effects of TQ on esophageal cancer. Here, we showed that TQ induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. Further investigation of the potential mechanism revealed that TQ increased the levels of p53 and p21 but significantly reduced the expression of Cyclin B1, Cyclin A, and Cyclin E. Moreover, TQ led to a decrease in Bcl-2 and an increase in cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax, indicating that TQ induced apoptosis by activating the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Western blotting showed that TQ disrupted the PI3K/AKT pathway by upregulating PTEN, thus modulating GSK-3β activity, increasing β-catenin degradation, and decreasing decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in Eca109 cells. However, these changes were attenuated by disrupting PTEN function (using a potent inhibitor) or downregulating PTEN expression. In addition, in vivo results showed that the efficacy of TQ as an antitumor agent in a mouse xenograft tumor model. In conclusion, TQ suppressed human esophageal cancer cells proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo and could provide a novel therapeutic approach for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Synergistic effects of low‑dose chemotherapy and T cells in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:897-908. [PMID: 32705278 PMCID: PMC7388326 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not sensitive to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the effectiveness rate of molecular targeted therapy is low. Therefore, it is urgent to identify new treatment methods. Recently, adoptive T‑cell therapy has provided a new option for cancer treatment. Furthermore, low‑dose chemotherapy not only has no evident side effects and inhibitory effects on the human immune system, but can also enhance the immune activity of some effector cells. Therefore, it is surmised that the combination of different mechanisms of chemotherapy and immunotherapy could be a new treatment concept. In the present study, the effects of low‑dose chemotherapy combined with T cells in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma were explored using cytotoxicity assays, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot analysis and flow cytometric analysis. The results revealed that low‑dose chemotherapy and T cells had synergistic effects on tumor cell elimination in vitro. The transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β signaling pathway may be involved in the inhibition of T‑cell functions. The targeted inhibition of TGF‑β signals may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal cancer. The present results provided a novel strategy for the combination of low‑dose chemotherapy and T cells to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of RCC treatment.
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Ghafouri‐Fard S, Shoorei H, Dashti S, Branicki W, Taheri M. Expression profile of lncRNAs and miRNAs in esophageal cancer: Implications in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9269-9290. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri‐Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Sepideh Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 contributes to the progression of endometrial carcinoma by regulating miR-545-3p/VEGFA pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101606. [PMID: 32504788 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) accounts for 20%-30% of female reproductive tumors. Targeted therapy for EC has shown great advantages with small side effects. To improve the survival of EC patients, more new therapeutic targets need to be found. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are series of RNAs with over 200 nucleotides that regulate various cellular functions. LncRNA actin filamentin-1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) is involved in the development of a variety of cancers, such as pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, it is not clear whether AFAP1-AS1 has any effects on EC or the exact regulatory mechanism. Herein, we found the high expression of AFAP1-AS1 in human EC tissues, and AFAP1-AS1 was correlated with EC patients' prognosis and clinical features. AFAP-AS1 could affect EC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and contributed to endothelial cell angiogenesis. We further showed that AFAP-AS1 could promote the expression of VEGFA through the adsorption of miR-545-3p, thus promoting the angiogenesis and invasion of EC, and contribute to tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Thus, we thought AFAP1-AS1 had the potential to serve as an EC therapeutic target.
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Tong Y, Yang L, Yu C, Zhu W, Zhou X, Xiong Y, Wang W, Ji F, He D, Cao X. Tumor-Secreted Exosomal lncRNA POU3F3 Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in ESCC by Inducing Fibroblast Differentiation into CAFs. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:1-13. [PMID: 32637576 PMCID: PMC7321817 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), an activated subpopulation of fibroblasts, occupy a central position in the tumor microenvironment and have been shown to promote chemoresistance in multiple cancer types by secreting inflammatory cytokines. Herein, we report that tumor-secreted exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) through transformation of normal fibroblasts (NFs) to CAFs. Primary CAFs and matched NFs were isolated from tumor tissues and matched normal esophageal epithelial tissues of ESCC patients. Fluorescence microscopy and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the transportation of exosomal lncRNAs from ESCC cells to NFs. To identify the specific lncRNAs involved, 14 ESCC-related lncRNAs were measured in NFs after incubation with exosomes from ESCC cells. We demonstrated that lncRNA POU3F3 can be transferred from ESCC cells to NFs via exosomes and that it mediated fibroblast activation. Activated fibroblasts further promoted proliferation and cisplatin resistance of ESCC cells through secreting interleukin 6 (IL-6). Moreover, our clinical data showed that high levels of plasma exosomal lncRNA POU3F3 correlated significantly with lack of complete response and poor survival in ESCC patients. Therefore, these data demonstrate that lncRNA POU3F3 is involved in cisplatin resistance in ESCC and that this effect is mediated through exosomal lncRNA POU3F3-induced transformation of NFs to CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuo Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changhua Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xilei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozu Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanwei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuzhi Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongcheng He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 promotes triple negative breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-145 to regulate MTH1 expression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7662. [PMID: 32376943 PMCID: PMC7203232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin fiber-associated protein 1-antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) is upregulated in various cancers and associated with cancer proliferation and metastasis. Several cancer-related pathways have been linked to up-expression of this long non-coding (lnc)RNA, but the underlying mechanisms are yet unknown. In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), AFAP1-AS1 expression is also significantly overexpressed compared to that in other subtypes of breast cancer from the TCGA dataset. In this study, we performed bioinformatic RNAhybrid analyses and identified that miR-145 is a potential target of AFAP1-AS1 and able to reduce MutT homolog-1 (MTH1) expression. Thus, this study investigated the oncogenic activity of AFAP1-AS1 in TNBC cells and the underlying mechanisms that are yet poorly understood. The results showed that miR-145 expression was low, whereas AFAP1-AS1 and MTH1 expression was high in TNBC cells and that miR-145 mimics reduced TNBC cell proliferation and invasion, whereas miR-145 knockdown exerted the opposite activity in TNBC cells. Moreover, knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 reduced tumor cell proliferation and invasion, but miR-145 co-transfection rescued tumor cell viability and colony formation ability. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that AFAP1-AS1 could directly target miR-145, while miR-145 could directly target MTH1. After knockdown of ATF6, AFAP1-AS1 was reduced along with AFAP1-AS1 promoter activity. This study revealed that AFAP1-AS1 could promote TNBC cell proliferation and invasion via regulation of MTH1 expression through targeting of miR-145.
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Jiang W, Xia J, Xie S, Zou R, Pan S, Wang ZW, Assaraf YG, Zhu X. Long non-coding RNAs as a determinant of cancer drug resistance: Towards the overcoming of chemoresistance via modulation of lncRNAs. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 50:100683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gou C, Han P, Li J, Gao L, Ji X, Dong F, Su Q, Zhang Y, Liu X. Knockdown of lncRNA BLACAT1 enhances radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating PSEN1. Br J Radiol 2020; 93:20190154. [PMID: 31944856 PMCID: PMC7362927 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20190154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work focused on the function role and underlying mechanism of BLACAT1 in regulating the radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells via PSEN1. METHODS BLACAT1 and PSEN1 expression in HNSCC tissues and cells were measured by qRT-PCR. Kaplan-Meier method and Spearman's correlation analysis determined the prognostic roles and association of BLCAT1 and PSEN1 in HNSCC. The impacts of BLACAT1 and PSEN1, alone and in combination, on radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells were separately assessed through CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, western blot and γH2AX foci staining assays. RESULTS Our study disclosed that BLACAT1 and PSEN1 were both in association with poor prognosis and radioresistance of HNSCC cells. BLACAT1 knockdown improved the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells by changing cellular activities containing repressed cell viability, accelerated cell apoptosis, induced cell cycle arrest, and stimulated DNA damage response. Further, we found that PSEN1 was positively correlated with BLACAT1. Rescue assays confirmed that BLACAT1 regulated the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells by modulating PSEN1. CONCLUSION We revealed that BLACAT1 knockdown enhanced radioresistance of HNSCC cells via regulating PSEN1, exposing the probable target role of BLACAT1 in HNSCC. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This was the first time that the pivotal role of BLACAT1 was investigated in HNSCC, which provided a novel therapeutic direction for HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Gou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Pengbing Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Liying Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Xuejuan Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Qun Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, No.2 Small West Lake East Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, 730050, China
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Bidirectional interaction of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 and CRKL accelerates the proliferative and metastatic abilities of hepatocarcinoma cells. J Adv Res 2020; 24:121-130. [PMID: 32280542 PMCID: PMC7139140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1), a long non-coding RNA transcribed from the antisense strand of protein coding gene AFAP1, has attracted attention in cancer research. Despite, its biological function and regulatory mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma still unknown. The present study revealed AFAP1-AS1 mediated hepatocarcinoma progression through targeting CRKL. The bidirectional interaction of AFAP1-AS1 and oncogenic protein CRKL, and the deregulation of AFAP1-AS1 effects on Ras, MEK and c-Jun activities were investigated in depth. AFAP1-AS1 was upregulated in surgical tumorous tissues from hepatocarcinoma patients compared with the paired paracancerous non-tumor liver tissues, and in hepatocarcinoma Huh7, HCCLM3 and HepG2 cell lines compared with LO2, a normal liver cell line. AFAP1-AS1 knockdown noticeably suppressed the proliferative, migratory and invasive properties, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of HepG2 and HCCLM3 through upregulating E-cadherin and downregulating N-cadherin and vimentin. CRKL knockdown reduced AFAP1-AS1 expression levels in HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells. AFAP1-AS1 suppression impaired CRKL expression in HepG2 and HCCLM3. AFAP1-AS1 level change was positively correlated with the expression level changes of Ras, MEK and c-Jun in mediating the invasiveness of hepatocarcinoma cells. Current work demonstrated AFAP1-AS1 to be an applicable progression indicator of hepatocarcinoma. AFAP1-AS1 probably promotes the proliferation, EMT progression and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells via CRKL mediated Ras/MEK/c-Jun and cadherin/vimentin signaling pathways. AFAP1-AS1-CRKL bidirectional feedback signaling is worthy of further study on the monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Talebi A, Masoodi M, Mirzaei A, Mehrad-Majd H, Azizpour M, Akbari A. Biological and clinical relevance of metastasis-associated long noncoding RNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:848-868. [PMID: 31310341 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a foremost cancer-related death worldwide owing to rapid metastasis and poor prognosis. Metastasis, as the most important reason for death, is biologically a multifaceted process involving a range of cell signaling pathways. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as transcriptional regulators, can regulate numerous genomic processes and cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. LncRNAs have also been shown to involve in/regulate the cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways. Hence, they have increasingly been brought to international attention in molecular oncology research. A number of researchers have attempted to reveal the biological and clinical relevance of lncRNAs in ESCC tumourigenesis and metastasis. The aberrant expression of these molecules in ESCC has regularly been reported to involve in various cellular processes and clinical features, including diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic responses. Here, we especially consider the pathways in which lncRNAs act as metastasis-mediated effectors, mainly by interacting with epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated factors. We review the biological roles of lncRNAs through involving in ESCC metastasis as well as the clinical significance of the metastasis-related lncRNAs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Talebi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Masoodi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrad-Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mazaher Azizpour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu W, Li Y, Zhang Y, Shen X, Su Z, Chen L, Cai W, Wang F, Ju S. Circulatinglong non-coding RNA FEZF1-AS1 and AFAP1-AS1 serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Geng YD, Wang SB, Lu TQ, Teng W. [Expression and functions of long non-coding RNA actin filament-associated protein 1-antisense RNA1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:594-601. [PMID: 31875436 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) actin filament-associated protein 1-antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its effect on the biobehavior of OSCC cells. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in the tumor tissue and matching adjacent normal tissue of OSCC patients (n=55), SCC25 cells, and normal oral keratinocyte lines (NOK) cells. The correlation between AFAP1-AS1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC patients was analyzed. The relationship between AFAP1-AS1 and prognosis was also studied with the Kaplan-Meier method. AFAP1-AS1 siRNA was transfected into the SCC25 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Trans-well were used to detect cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. The expression of the invasion-associated protein, AFAP1, and Rho GTPase family members, was detected by Western blot. In addition, the immunofluorescence of the cytoskeletal actin filament was observed. RESULTS The expression of AFAP1-AS1 was higher in the OSCC tissues than in the NOK cells, and the relative expression of AFAP1-AS1 was higher in the SCC25 cells than in the NOK cells (P<0.001). AFAP1-AS1 expression was associated with the degree of diffe-rentiation, TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, and poor prognosis of OSCC (P<0.05). Patients with a high expression of AFAP1-AS1 had lower survival rates than those with a low expression of AFAP1-AS1 (P<0.05). After transfected by AFAP1-AS1 siRNA, the expression of AFAP1-AS1 was downregulated. The inhibition of AFAP1-AS1 expression consequently suppressed the proliferation, invasion, and migration of SCC25. Moreover, AFAP1-AS1 siRNA upregulated the expression levels of AFAP1, RhoA, Rac2, Rab10, RhoGDI, and Pfn1 but downregulated the expression of RhoC. Immunofluorescence showed that AFAP1-AS1 also reduced the formation of stress filaments in the cytoskeleton and affected the integrity of the actin fila-ment. CONCLUSIONS The expression of AFAP1-AS1 was high in the OSCC tissues and SCC25 cells and is associated with the development and prognosis of OSCC. The knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 might inhibit the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells by regulating the integrity of the actin filament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Geng
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shu-Bin Wang
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Tai-Qing Lu
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wei Teng
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Chen B, Li Q, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhuang H, Jiang X, Xiong W. The long coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 promotes tumor cell growth and invasion in pancreatic cancer through upregulating the IGF1R oncogene via sequestration of miR-133a. Cell Cycle 2019; 17:1949-1966. [PMID: 30300116 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1496741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in the progression of many cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in PC remains largely unclear. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the potential functions of lncRNAs in PC and reveal the underlying mechanisms of their effects. Screening of published microarray data (GEO accession Nos. GSE16515 and GSE32688), revealed lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to be one of the most upregulated lncRNAs in PC tissues. High expression of AFAP1-AS1 was correlated with advanced stages, tumor size and lymph node metastasis, as well as with poorer overall survival in patients with PC. Functionally, knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 by transfection with siRNA inhibited the proliferative and invasive capacities of PaCa-2 and SW1990 PC cells, promoted apoptosis of PC cells in vitro, and impaired in-vivo tumorigenicity. In particular, it was hypothesized that AFAP1-AS1 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), effectively becoming a sink for miR-133a whose expression was found to be downregulated in PC tissues and cell lines, and which was negatively correlated with the expression of AFAP1-AS1. We also found that the IGF1R oncogene which is an important regulator of MEK/ERK signaling pathway, was positively regulated by AFAP1-AS1 through ameliorating miR-133a-mediated IGF1R repression in PC tissues. Moreover, we demonstrated that knockdown of IGF1R by transfection with si-IGF1R suppressed cell proliferation, invasion and migration of PaCa-2 and SW1990 PC cells, suggesting that IGF1R may function as an oncogene in PC cells. Further investigations revealed that miR-133a reversed the biological effects of AFAP1-AS1 on PC cells. Collectively, the findings provide new evidence that AFAP1-AS1 could regulate the progression of pancreatic cancer by acting as a ceRNA, and suggest it has potential for use as both a biomarker for the early detection PC and for the development of individualized therapies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qinhua Li
- b Department of Hepatology , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yongping Zhou
- c Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xujing Wang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Huiren Zhuang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- d Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wujun Xiong
- b Department of Hepatology , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Zhao W, Shan B, He D, Cheng Y, Li B, Zhang C, Duan C. Recent Progress in Characterizing Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Drug Resistance. J Cancer 2019; 10:6693-6702. [PMID: 31777598 PMCID: PMC6856905 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is an important cause of failure in cancer chemotherapies. A large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be related to drug resistance in cancers. Therefore, lncRNAs provide potential targets for cancer therapies. The lncRNAs involved in cancer drug resistance are attracting interest from an increasing number of researchers. This review summarizes the latest research on the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer drug resistance and envisages their future developments and therapeutic applications. This research suggests that lncRNAs regulate drug resistance through multiple mechanisms. LncRNAs do not affect drug resistance directly; usually, they do so by regulating the expression of some intermediate regulatory factors. In addition, lncRNAs exhibit a diversity of functions in cancer drug resistance. The overexpression of most lncRNAs promotes drug resistance, while a few lncRNAs have inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bin Shan
- College of Medical Sciences, Washington State University Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Dan He
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yuanda Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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36
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Li CY, Zhang WW, Xiang JL, Wang XH, Wang JL, Li J. Integrated analysis highlights multiple long non‑coding RNAs and their potential roles in the progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:2583-2599. [PMID: 31638253 PMCID: PMC6859451 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Investigations into the molecular changes that occur as a result of the disease, as well as identification of novel biomarkers for its diagnosis and prognosis, are urgently required. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play a critical role in tumor progression. The present study performed data mining analyses for ESCC via an integrated study of accumulated datasets and identification of the differentially expressed lncRNAs from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. The identified intersection of differentially expressed genes (lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs) in ESCC tissues between the GEO and TCGA datasets was investigated. Based on these intersected lncRNAs, the present study constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of lncRNAs in ESCC. A total of 81 intersection lncRNAs were identified; 67 of these were included in the ceRNA network. Functional analyses revealed that these 67 key lncRNAs primarily dominated cellular biological processes. The present study then analyzed the associations between the expression levels of these 67 key lncRNAs and the clinicopathological characteristics of the ESCC patients, as well as their survival time using TCGA. The results revealed that 31 of these lncRNAs were associated with tumor grade, tumor‑node‑metastasis (TNM) stage and lymphatic metastasis status (P<0.05). In addition, 15 key lncRNAs were demonstrated to be associated with survival time (P<0.05). Finally, 5 key lncRNAs were selected for validation of their expression levels in 30 patients newly diagnosed with ESCC via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). The results suggested that the fold changes in the trends of up‑ and downregulation between GEO, TCGA and RT‑qPCR were consistent. In addition, it was also demonstrated that a select few of these 5 key lncRNAs were significantly associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The results of the clinically relevant analysis and the aforementioned bioinformatics were similar, hence proving that the bioinformatics analysis used in the present study is credible. Overall, the results from the present study may provide further insight into the functional characteristics of lncRNAs in ESCC through bioinformatics integrative analysis of the GEO and TCGA datasets, and reveal potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Lian Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Ling Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Yao Z, Zhang Y, Xu D, Zhou X, Peng P, Pan Z, Xiao N, Yao J, Li Z. Research Progress on Long Non-Coding RNA and Radiotherapy. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5757-5770. [PMID: 31375656 PMCID: PMC6690404 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of non-protein-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, are involved in multiple biological and pathological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune escape. Many studies have shown that lncRNAs participate in the complex network of cancer and play vital roles as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes in a variety of cancers. Moreover, recent research has shown that abnormal expression of lncRNAs in malignant tumor cells before and after radiotherapy may participate in the progression of cancers and affect the radiation sensitivity of malignant tumor cells mediated by specific signaling pathways or cell cycle regulation. In this review, we summarize the published studies on lncRNAs in radiotherapy regarding the biological function and mechanism of human cancers, including esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancers, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Danghui Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xuejun Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyao Pan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jianxin Yao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Xiao Y, Su M, Ou W, Wang H, Tian B, Ma J, Tang J, Wu J, Wu Z, Wang W, Zhou Y. Involvement of noncoding RNAs in epigenetic modifications of esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109192. [PMID: 31387188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a serious digestive malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Apart from genetic mutations, many epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with chromatin remodeling have been identified in the regulation of gene expression in EC. Recently, noncoding RNAs, and mainly lncRNAs and miRNAs, have been revealed to be involved in the epigenetic regulation of EC. In this review, we focus on describing new insights on epigenetic processes associated with noncoding RNAs, which have been characterized to be responsible for the development and progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Min Su
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Wei Ou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yue Yang, Yue Yang, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Junliang Ma
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jinming Tang
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhining Wu
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of the 2nd Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
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Chen Y, Bao C, Zhang X, Lin X, Fu Y. Knockdown of LINC00511 promotes radiosensitivity of thyroid carcinoma cells via suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:1249-1257. [PMID: 31135274 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1617569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is the most widespread malignancy in endocrine system with the increasing incidence. Despite of the advanced approaches to the management of thyroid carcinoma, the therapeutic effects remain unpleasant largely due to the radiosensitivity of thyroid carcinoma cells. LncRNAs play important part in the tumorigenesis and development, especially in the radiosensitivity of tumor cells. However, their roles in thyroid carcinoma still needed to be explored deeply. The purpose of our research is to inspect the possible biological role and regulation mechanism of LINC00511 desirable for therapies of thyroid carcinoma patients. In the present study, LINC00511 was significantly overexpressed in thyroid carcinoma and its silencing boosted radiosensitivity of thyroid carcinoma cells. Then we unveiled that LINC00511 regulated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway which was resistant to radiation treatment. Besides, TAF1 modulated JAK2 at transcriptional level. Moreover, LINC00511 bound to TAF1 and further promoted JAK2 expression. In conclusion, rescue experiments verified that the radiosensitivity of thyroid carcinoma cells was attributed to LINC00511/TAF1/JAK2/STAT3 axis. The current paper investigated the underlying mechanism of LINC00511 and set a new therapeutic direction for the therapy of thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzong Chen
- Division of PET/CT, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Chunchun Bao
- Division of PET/CT, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiuxing Zhang
- Division of PET/CT, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xinshi Lin
- Division of PET/CT, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yimou Fu
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
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40
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Zhou XL, Zhu WG, Zhu ZJ, Wang WW, Deng X, Tao WJ, Ji FZ, Tong YS. Lymphopenia in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Relationship to Malnutrition, Various Disease Parameters, and Response to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Oncologist 2019; 24:e677-e686. [PMID: 31040254 PMCID: PMC6693723 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains challenging, because detection often occurs at advanced stages and because of the high incidence of lymph node metastasis. This article focuses on whether lymphopenia is associated with response and tumor progression in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received concurrent chemotherapy. Background. Lymphopenia occurs commonly in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and may influence treatment outcomes. We aimed to examine its association with treatment response and tumor progression in patients with locally advanced ESCC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods. A total of 286 patients with stage II–IVa ESCC treated with CCRT between 2015 and 2017 were analyzed. Total lymphocyte counts were assessed at baseline, weekly, and 4 weeks after CCRT. Pretreatment lymphopenia was defined as total lymphocyte count <1,000 cells per mm3 at diagnosis, and treatment‐related lymphopenia was defined as total lymphocyte count <200 cells per mm3 with 6 weeks after starting CCRT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze factors associated treatment‐related lymphopenia and treatment response. Results. Lymphopenia was observed in 44 patients (15.4%) at initial diagnosis. Pretreatment lymphopenia was significantly associated with greater tumor length, worse T status, body mass index ≤18.5 kg/m2, and weight loss ≥3 kg in the previous 3 months. Six weeks after starting CCRT, 89 patients (31%) developed treatment‐related lymphopenia. Tumor progression and cancer‐related death were more frequently observed in treatment‐related lymphopenia group than those without (76.4% vs. 52.8% and 58.4% vs. 39.6%). A complete response (CR) was achieved in 62 patients (21.7%). In multivariate analysis, treatment‐related lymphopenia was significantly associated with lack of clinical CR, and older age, lower tumor location, greater tumor length, and larger planning target volume were independent predictors of treatment‐related lymphopenia. Conclusion. Treatment‐related lymphopenia during CCRT is an independent predictor for poor treatment response in ESCC. Implications for Practice. A total of 286 patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), and treatment‐related lymphopenia occurred in 31% of patients within 6 weeks from the start of CCRT. Treatment‐related lymphopenia was significantly associated with lack of treatment response, and older age, lower tumor location, greater tumor length, and larger planning target volume were independent predictors of treatment‐related lymphopenia. Lymphocyte count is an inexpensive biomarker that may be easily used by clinicians to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Lei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jing Tao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Zhi Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Suo Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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41
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Wang H, Pan T, Zhang Y, Li C. LINC00473/miR-374a-5p regulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via targeting SPIN1 to weaken the effect of radiotherapy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14562-14572. [PMID: 31017716 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent type in esophageal cancers. Despite accumulating achievements in treatments of ESCC, patients still suffer from recurrence because of the treatment failures, one of the reasons for which is radioresistance. Therefore, it is a necessity to explore the molecular mechanism underlying ESCC radioresistance. Long intergenic noncoding RNA 473 (LINC00473) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in several human malignancies. However, its biological function in radiosensitivity of ESCC remains to be fully understood. This study explored the role of LINC00473 in radiosensitivity of ESCC cells and whether LINC00473 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to realize its modulation on radioresistance. We found that LINC00473 was markedly upregulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines, and its expression was remarkably related to cellular response to irradiation. In addition, knockdown of LINC00473 could sensitize ESCC cells to radiation in vitro. As for the underlying mechanism, we uncovered that there was a mutual inhibition between LINC00473 and miR-374a-5p. Spindlin1 (SPIN1) was verified as a downstream target of miR-374a-5p, and LINC00473 upregulated SPIN1 expression through negatively modulating miR-374a-5p expression. Furthermore, we revealed that SPIN1 could aggravate the radioresistance of ESCC cells. Finally, overexpression of SPIN1 reversed the LINC00473 silencing-enhanced radiosensitivity in ESCC cells. To sum up, we demonstrated that LINC00473 facilitated radioresistance by regulating the miR-374a-5p/SPIN1 axis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizuo Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Yanshan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Tumor Chemotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Yinguo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Wuwei, Wuwei, Gansu, China
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Hu X, Tang J, Zeng G, Hu X, Bao P, Wu J, Liang Y, Deng W, Tang Y. RGS1 silencing inhibits the inflammatory response and angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis rats through the inactivation of Toll‐like receptor signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20432-20442. [PMID: 31012109 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics The People's Hospital of Gaozhou Gaozhou P.R. China
| | - Gang Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Xuyun Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health Beijing P.R. China
| | - Peng Bao
- Medical Department of Hospital of Stomatology Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jionglin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Weixi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou P.R. China
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43
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Long noncoding RNAs in cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2019; 419:152-166. [PMID: 29414303 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has recently been investigated as key modulators that regulate many biological processes in human cancers via diverse mechanisms. LncRNAs can interact with macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, or protein to exert cellular effects and to act as either tumor promoters or tumor suppressors in various malignancies. Moreover, the aberrant expression of lncRNAs may be detected in multiple cancer phenotypes by employing the rapidly developing modern gene chip technology and bioinformatics analysis. Herein, we highlight the mechanisms of action of lncRNAs, their functional cellular roles and their involvement in cancer progression. Finally, we provide an overview of recent progress in the lncRNA field and future potential for lncRNAs as cancer diagnostic markers and therapeutics.
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Zhang S, Jiang H, Xu Z, Jiang Y, She Y, Huang X, Feng S, Chen W, Chen S, Chen Y, Qiu G, Zhong S. The resistance of esophageal cancer cells to paclitaxel can be reduced by the knockdown of long noncoding RNA DDX11-AS1 through TAF1/TOP2A inhibition. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2233-2248. [PMID: 31720085 PMCID: PMC6834486 DOI: pmid/31720085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. The currently used chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of EC is paclitaxel (PTX), the efficacy of which is affected by the development of drug resistance. The present study aims to define the role of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) DDX11-AS1 in the progression of EC with the involvement of PTX-resistant EC cells. First, EC and adjacent normal tissue samples were collected from 82 patients with EC, after which the expression levels of DDX11-AS1, TOP2A and TAF1 were determined. The results showed that DDX11-AS1, TOP2A and TAF1 were highly expressed in EC tissues, and there was a positive correlation between the expression levels of DDX11-AS1 and TOP2A. A PTX-resistant EC cell line was constructed. Next, we evaluated the effects of DDX11-AS1 and TOP2A on the resistance of EC cells to PTX, and the regulatory relationships between DDX11-AS1, TOP2A and TAF1 were investigated. DDX11-AS1 could promote TOP2A transcription via TAF1, and the knockdown of TOP2A or DDX11-AS1 could increase the sensitivity of EC cells to PTX. The effect of DDX11-AS1 on the growth of PTX-inhibited tumors was confirmed using a tumor formation assay in nude mice. It was verified that knocking down DDX11-AS1 reduced the expression level of TOP2A and inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, our findings suggest that DDX11-AS1 knockdown results in reduced resistance of EC cells to PTX by inhibiting TOP2A transcription via TAF1. Therefore, DDX11-AS1 knockdown could be a promising therapeutic strategy for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated of Ji-Nan University Medical CollegeGuangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Nursing, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated of Ji-Nan University Medical CollegeGuangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi She
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shanna Feng
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wanying Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Qiu
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515031, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
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45
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Yang W, Han Y, Zhao X, Duan L, Zhou W, Wang X, Shi G, Che Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Hong L, Fan D. Advances in prognostic biomarkers for esophageal cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 19:109-119. [PMID: 30582379 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1563485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinhui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Gaokai Shi
- The First Brigade of Student, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yinggang Che
- The First Brigade of Student, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Chen M, Liu P, Chen Y, Chen Z, Shen M, Liu X, Li X, Li A, Lin Y, Yang R, Ni W, Zhou X, Zhang L, Tian Y, Li J, Chen J. Long Noncoding RNA FAM201A Mediates the Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer by Regulating ATM and mTOR Expression via miR-101. Front Genet 2018; 9:611. [PMID: 30574162 PMCID: PMC6292217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to identify the potential long non-coding (lnc.)-RNA and its associated molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) in order to assess whether it could be a biomarker for the prediction of the response to radiotherapy and prognosis in patients with ESCC. Methods: Microarrays and bioinformatics analysis were utilized to screen the potential lncRNAs associated with radiosensitivity in radiosensitive (n = 3) and radioresistant (n = 3) ESCC tumor tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed in 35 ESCC tumor tissues (20 radiosensitive and 15 radioresistant tissues, respectively) to validate the lncRNA that contributed the most to the radiosensitivity of ESCC (named the candidate lncRNA). MTT, flow cytometry, and western blot assays were conducted to assess the effect of the candidate lncRNA on radiosensitivity in vitro in ECA109/ECA109R ESCC cells. A mouse xenograft model was established to confirm the function of the candidate lncRNA in the radiosensitivity of ESCC in vivo. The putative downstream target genes regulated by the candidate lncRNA were predicted using Starbase 2.0 software and the TargetScan database. The interactions between the candidate lncRNA and the putative downstream target genes were examined by Luciferase reporter assay, and were confirmed by PCR. Results: A total of 113 aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were identified by microarray analysis, of which family with sequence similarity 201-member A (FAM201A) was identified as the lncRNA that contributed the most to the radiosensitivity of ESCC. FAM201A was upregulated in radioresistant ESCC tumor tissues and had a poorer short-term response to radiotherapy resulting in inferior overall survival. FAM201A knockdown enhanced the radiosensitivity of ECA109/ECA109R cells by upregulating ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression via the negative regulation of miR-101 expression. The mouse xenograft model demonstrated that FAM201A knockdown improved the radiosensitivity of ESCC. Conclusion: The lncRNA FAM201A, which mediated the radiosensitivity of ESCC by regulating ATM and mTOR expression via miR-101 in the present study, may be a potential biomarker for predicting radiosensitivity and patient prognosis, and may be a therapeutic target for enhancing cancer radiosensitivity in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and Fujian Provincial Platform for Medical Laboratory Research of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuangui Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minmin Shen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Anchuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongqiang Yang
- Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, Department Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Wei Ni
- Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, Department Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, Department Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Prognostic Value of Long Noncoding RNAs in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5340894. [PMID: 30598708 PMCID: PMC6287160 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5340894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) are a huge threat to human health, which mainly include esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GICs. A total of 111 articles were included, and 13103 patients (3123 with esophageal cancer, 4972 with gastric cancer, and 5008 with colorectal cancer) were enrolled in this study. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) values and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of overall survival (OS) related to different lncRNA expressions in esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and gastrointestinal cancer patients were 1.92 (1.70–2.16), 1.96 (1.77–2.16), 2.10 (1.87–2.36), and 2.00 (1.87–2.13), respectively. We have identified 74 lncRNAs which were associated closely with poor prognosis of GIC patients, including 58 significantly upregulated lncRNA expression and 16 significantly downregulated lncRNA expression. In addition, 47 of the included studies revealed relative mechanisms and 12 of them investigated the correlation between lncRNAs and microRNAs. Taken together, this meta-analysis supports that specific lncRNAs are significantly related to the prognosis of GIC patients and may serve as novel markers for predicting the prognosis of GIC patients. Furthermore, lncRNAs may have a promising contribution to lncRNA-based targeted therapy and clinical decision-making in the future.
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Su M, Xiao Y, Ma J, Cao D, Zhou Y, Wang H, Liao Q, Wang W. Long non-coding RNAs in esophageal cancer: molecular mechanisms, functions, and potential applications. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:118. [PMID: 30223861 PMCID: PMC6142629 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The lack of early diagnostic biomarkers and effective prognostic indicators for metastasis and recurrence has resulted in the poor prognosis of EC. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanisms of EC development have yet to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological progression of EC. LncRNAs may regulate gene expression through the recruitment of histone-modifying complexes to the chromatin and through interactions with RNAs or proteins. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the dysregulation of lncRNAs plays important roles in the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and stemness of EC, which suggests potential clinical implications. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the context of EC and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhang Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junliang Ma
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Key laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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The role of long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 in human malignant tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1524-1531. [PMID: 30173945 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type Table of endogenous RNA longer than 200 nucleotides in length, and this kind of RNAs lack or possess limited ability of coding proteins. A large number of studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs could take part in massive biological processes, such as transcriptional activation and interference, cellular differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs has been clarified to play extremely important roles in various diseases, especially in human cancers. LncRNA actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) is a newly recognized cancer-related lncRNA deriving from the antisense strand of DNA at the AFAP1 coding gene locus. A slew of new studies suggest that AFAP1-AS1 is involved in many kinds of malignant tumors. Moreover, in recent years, the dysregulated expression of AFAP1-AS1 has been confirmed to be associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression. Evidence has increasingly shown that AFAP1-AS1 could probably serve as a novel potential molecular biomarker in tumor diagnosis and therapeutic target in tumor treatment. In this review, we sum up present stage new hottest research issues in respect of the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of AFAP1-AS1 in occurrence and progression of human tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we summarize the recent researches about the expression and molecular biological mechanisms of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in tumor development. Existing relevant studies are acquired and analyzed by searching Pubmed, BioMedNet, GEO database and Academic Search Elit systematically. RESULTS Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 is an important tumor-associated lncRNA and its aberrant expression has been found in many malignancies so far, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, retinoblastoma, laryngeal cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma and thyroid cancer. In addition, the dysregulated expression of AFAP1-AS1 is related to carcinogensis, overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and tumor progression containing lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological grade, tumor size and tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS A series of studies provide detailed information to understand lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 role in various human cancers. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 is an oncogene in tumors that have been studied so far, and it may act as a useful tumor biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Yao J, Shen X, Li H, Xu J, Shao S, Huang JX, Lin M. LncRNA-ECM is overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and promotes tumor metastasis. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3935-3942. [PMID: 30128011 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of long non-coding(lnc) RNA-extracellular matrix (ECM) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its effect on ESCC metastasis. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the expression of lncRNA-ECM in ESCC tissues was investigated and compared with that in corresponding adjacent tissues. In addition, the expression of lncRNA-ECM in the human ESCC cell lines TE-1, EC9706, KYSE150, Eca109 and KYSE30 was also detected and compared with that in the normal esophageal mucosal epithelial cell line HET-1A. The clinicopathological association between lncRNA-ECM and ESCC was assessed. Silencing and overexpression of lncRNA-ECM in ESCC TE-1 and Eca109 cells determined the correlation between lncRNA-ECM expression and ESCC invasion and metastasis. The possible target genes of lncRNA-ECM were predicted and verified by bioinformatics analysis and experimental results. The expression level of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) was detected in ESCC tissues by RT-qPCR and the correlation between the expression of ICAM1 and lncRNA-ECM was analyzed. Changes in the expression of ICAM1 in ESCC TE-1 and Eca109 cell lines were evaluated after knocking down lncRNA-ECM and transfection of lncRNA-ECM overexpression plasmids. The expression level of lncRNA-ECM in the tissues of ESCC with lymph node metastasis were significantly increased compared with ESCC with no lymph metastasis (P<0.05). LncRNA-ECM silencing notably reduced the invasion and metastasis of TE-1 and Eca109 cells, while lncRNA-ECM overexpression promoted the invasion and metastasis of the two cell lines. The expression level of ICAMI was directly correlated with the expression of lncRNA-ECM, suggesting that ICAM1 may be the downstream target gene of lncRNA-ECM. LncRNA-ECM was revealed as being overexpressed in ESCC. LncRNA-ECM expression was positively correlated with metastasis and may affect the metastasis of ESCC through ICAMI regulation. These findings indicate that lncRNA-ECM may be promising as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of prognosis for ESCC, and it may also serve as a novel therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yao
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Shen
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Shao
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Xing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Mei Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
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