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Taniguchi H, Suzuki Y, Imai K, Adachi Y. Antitumoral RNA-targeted oligonucleotide therapeutics: the third pillar after small molecule inhibitors and antibodies. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2952-2961. [PMID: 35701833 PMCID: PMC9459246 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide therapeutics, drugs consisting of 10–50 nucleotide‐long single‐ or double‐stranded DNA or RNA molecules that can bind to specific DNA or RNA sequences or proteins, include antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), aptamers, and decoys. These oligonucleotide therapeutics could potentially become the third pillar of drug development. In particular, ASOs and siRNAs are advanced tools that are widely used to silence gene expression. They are used in clinical trials, as they have high specificity for target mRNAs and non‐coding RNAs and limited toxicity. However, their clinical application remains challenging. Although chemotherapy has benefits, it has severe adverse effects in many patients. Therefore, new modalities for targeted molecular therapy against tumors, including oligonucleotide therapeutics, are required, and they should be compatible with diagnosis using next‐generation sequencing. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic uses of ASOs, siRNAs, and miRNAs in clinical studies on malignant tumors. Understanding previous research and development will help in developing novel oligonucleotide therapeutics against malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasunori Suzuki
- Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohzoh Imai
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Adachi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Kubo T, Yamano HO, Lin Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and risk of gastrointestinal malignant tumors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:2104-2111. [PMID: 31158304 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is a potent mitogen and is inhibited by IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3). High serum IGF1 and low IGFBP3 are associated with increased risk of several carcinomas. Here, we assessed the relationship of these peptides with the risk of gastrointestinal malignancies, in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS The analysis involved 916 cases who had been diagnosed as gastrointestinal malignancies (C15-25) and 2306 controls. To estimate odds ratios for incidence of malignancies associated with these levels, a conditional logistic model was used. RESULTS Both higher total and free IGFBP3 were associated with a decreased risk of tumor (P for trend < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). People in the second to fifth quintiles had lower risk compared to the first quintile (odds ratios ranged 0.532-0.650 and 0.582-0.725, respectively). After adjustment for IGF1, body mass index, drinking, and smoking, total IGFBP3 was inversely correlated with cancer risk (P for trend = 0.031). After adjustment, free IGFBP3 was inversely associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.007). Although total IGF1 was inversely correlated with tumor risk, it was not after controlling for IGFBP3 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.589, respectively). Free IGF1 was not associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.361). Limiting subjects to those followed for over 3 years reinforced the inverted relationships of total and free IGFBP3 with risk for tumors (P for trend = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION Both total and free IGFBP3 may be inversely associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Adachi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- The Institute of Medical Science Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kubo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Yamano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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George B, George SK, Shi W, Haque A, Shi P, Eskandari G, Axelson M, Larsson O, Kaseb AO, Amin HM. Dual inhibition of IGF-IR and ALK as an effective strategy to eradicate NPM-ALK + T-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:80. [PMID: 31340850 PMCID: PMC6657048 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase-expressing (NPM-ALK+) T cell lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm. NPM-ALK, an oncogenic tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in this lymphoma. Recently, selective ALK inhibitors have emerged as a first-line therapy for this neoplasm. Unfortunately, ALK inhibitors were hindered by emergence of resistance and relapse. We have previously demonstrated that type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is commonly expressed and activated in this lymphoma. In addition, IGF-IR and NPM-ALK are physically associated and reciprocally enhance their phosphorylation/activation. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that combined inhibition of IGF-IR and NPM-ALK could significantly improve the effects of inhibiting each kinase alone. Methods We used clinically utilized inhibitors of IGF-IR (picropodophyllin; PPP) and ALK (ASP3026) to assess the in vitro cellular effects of combined treatment versus treatment using a single agent. Moreover, we used a systemic NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma mouse model to analyze the in vivo effects of PPP and ASP3026 alone or in combination. Results Our data show that combined treatment with PPP and ASP3026 decreased the viability, proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation, and increased apoptosis of NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma cells in vitro. The in vitro effects of combined treatment were synergistic and significantly more pronounced than the effects of PPP or ASP3026 alone. Biochemically, simultaneous antagonism of IGF-IR and ALK induced more pronounced decrease in pIGF-IRY1135/1136, pNPM-ALKY646, and pSTAT3Y705 levels than antagonizing IGF-IR or ALK alone. Moreover, combined targeting of IGF-IR and NPM-ALK decreased significantly systemic lymphoma tumor growth and improved mice survival in vivo. Consistent with the in vitro results, the in vivo effects of the combined therapy were more pronounced than the effects of targeting IGF-IR or ALK alone. Conclusions Combined targeting of IGF-IR and ALK is more effective than targeting IGF-IR or ALK alone in NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma. This strategy might also limit emergence of resistance to high doses of ALK inhibitors. Therefore, it could represent a successful therapeutic approach to eradicate this aggressive lymphoma. Importantly, combined inhibition is feasible because of the clinical availability of IGF-IR and ALK inhibitors. Our findings are applicable to other types of cancer where IGF-IR and ALK are simultaneously expressed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0768-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawana George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of the University of Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Abedul Haque
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ghazaleh Eskandari
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Magnus Axelson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Depertment of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Mytilinaiou M, Nikitovic D, Berdiaki A, Papoutsidakis A, Papachristou DJ, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN. IGF-I regulates HT1080 fibrosarcoma cell migration through a syndecan-2/Erk/ezrin signaling axis. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:9-18. [PMID: 28962916 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosarcoma is a tumor of mesenchymal origin, originating from fibroblasts. IGF-I is an anabolic growth factor which exhibits significant involvement in cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the possible participation of syndecan-2 (SDC-2), a cell membrane heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan on IGF-I dependent fibrosarcoma cell motility. Our results demonstrate that SDC-2-deficient HT1080 cells exhibit attenuated IGF-I-dependent chemotactic migration (p < 0.001). SDC-2 was found to co-localize to IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) in a manner dependent on IGF-I activity (P ≤ 0.01). In parallel, the downregulation of SDC-2 significantly inhibited both basal and due to IGF-I action ERK1/2 activation, (p < 0.001). The phosphorylation levels of ezrin (Thr567), which is suggested to act as a signaling bridge between the cellular membrane receptors and actin cytoskeleton, were strongly enhanced by IGF-I at both 1h and 24h (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). The formation of an immunoprecipitative complex revealed an association between SDC2 and ezrin which was enhanced through IGF-I action (p < 0.05). Immunoflourescence demonstrated a co-localization of IGF-IR, SDC2 and ezrin upregulated by IGF-I action. IGF-I enhanced actin polymerization and ezrin/actin specific localization to cell membranes. Finally, treatment with IGF-I strongly increased SDC2 expression at both the mRNA and protein level (p < 0.001). Therefore, we propose a novel SDC2-dependent mechanism, where SDC2 is co-localized with IGF-IR and enhances its' IGFI-dependent downstream signaling. SDC2 mediates directly IGFI-induced ERK1/2 activation, it recruits ezrin, contributes to actin polymerization and ezrin/actin specific localization to cell membranes, ultimately facilitating the progression of IGFI-dependent fibrosarcoma cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mytilinaiou
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Papoutsidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
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