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Duan M, Liu H, Xu S, Yang Z, Zhang F, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhao S, Jiang X. IGF2BPs as novel m 6A readers: Diverse roles in regulating cancer cell biological functions, hypoxia adaptation, metabolism, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Genes Dis 2024; 11:890-920. [PMID: 37692485 PMCID: PMC10491980 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
m6A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BP) are newly identified m6A 'readers'. They belong to a family of RNA-binding proteins, which bind to the m6A sites on different RNA sequences and stabilize them to promote cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which different upstream factors regulate IGF2BP in cancer. The current literature analyzed here reveals that the IGF2BP family proteins promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance, inhibit apoptosis, and are also associated with cancer glycolysis, angiogenesis, and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, with the discovery of their role as 'readers' of m6A and the characteristic re-expression of IGF2BPs in cancers, it is important to elucidate their mechanism of action in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also describe in detail the regulatory and interaction network of the IGF2BP family in downstream target RNAs and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as recent advances in IGF2BP biology and associated therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Gastroendoscopy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
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2
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Singh A, Singh V, Wallis N, Abis G, Oberman F, Wood T, Dhamdhere M, Gershon T, Ramos A, Yisraeli J, Spiegelman VS, Sharma AK. Development of a specific and potent IGF2BP1 inhibitor: A promising therapeutic agent for IGF2BP1-expressing cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115940. [PMID: 37976707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
IGF2BP1 is a protein that controls the stability, localization, and translation of various mRNA targets. Poor clinical outcomes in numerous cancer types have been associated with its overexpression. As it has been demonstrated to impede tumor growth and metastasis in animal models, inhibiting IGF2BP1 function is a promising strategy for combating cancer. A lead chemical, 7773, which specifically decreased IGF2BP1 RNA binding and cellular activities, was previously identified in a high-throughput screen for effective IGF2BP1 inhibitors. Additional optimization of 7773 described in this manuscript led to the discovery of six compounds that performed equally well or better than 7773. In cell lines with high levels of endogenous IGF2BP1, one of 7773 derivatives, AVJ16, was found to be most efficient at preventing cell migration. Further, AVJ16 was found to be IGF2BP1-specific because it had no effect on cell lines that expressed little or no IGF2BP1 protein. The direct binding of AVJ16 to IGF2BP1 was validated by binding tests, with a 12-fold increase in binding efficiency over the lead compound. AVJ16 was shown to bind to a hydrophobic region at the protein's KH34 di-domain interface between the KH3 and KH4 domains. Overall, the findings imply that AVJ16 is a potent and specific inhibitor of IGF2BP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Singh
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Vikash Singh
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nadav Wallis
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giancarlo Abis
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Froma Oberman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tyler Wood
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mayura Dhamdhere
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Tehila Gershon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andres Ramos
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Joel Yisraeli
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Arun K Sharma
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Fen-Xu, Jiang LH, Chen-Fu, Feng WW, Zhou CJ. CRD-BP as a Tumor Marker of Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:169-176. [PMID: 37990428 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206256546231108095912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The National Cancer Center published a comparative report on cancer data between China and the United States in the Chinese Medical Journal, which shows that colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks second in China and fourth in the United States. It is worth noting that since 2000, the case fatality rate of CRC in China has skyrocketed, while the United States has gradually declined. Finding tumor markers with high sensitivity and specificity is our primary goal to reduce the case fatality rate of CRC. Studies have shown that CRD-BP (Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1) can affect a variety of signaling pathways, such as Wnt.nuclear factor KB (NF-κB), and Hedgehog, and has good biological effects as a therapeutic target for CRC. CRD-BP is expected to become a tumor marker with high sensitivity and specificity of CRC. This paper reviews the research on CRD-BP as a tumor marker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Liaoning Command, Liaoning 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liang-Hong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Liaoning Command, Liaoning 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chen-Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Liaoning Command, Liaoning 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Liaoning Command, Liaoning 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Liaoning Command, Liaoning 116000, Liaoning Province, China
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Kendzia S, Franke S, Kröhler T, Golob-Schwarzl N, Schweiger C, Toeglhofer AM, Skofler C, Uranitsch S, El-Heliebi A, Fuchs J, Punschart A, Stiegler P, Keil M, Hoffmann J, Henderson D, Lehrach H, Yaspo ML, Reinhard C, Schäfer R, Keilholz U, Regenbrecht C, Schicho R, Fickert P, Lax SF, Erdmann F, Schulz MH, Kiemer AK, Haybaeck J, Kessler SM. A combined computational and functional approach identifies IGF2BP2 as a driver of chemoresistance in a wide array of pre-clinical models of colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:89. [PMID: 37248468 PMCID: PMC10227963 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. In this study, the impact of the IGF2BP family of RNA-binding proteins on CRC chemoresistance was investigated using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. METHODS Gene expression data from a well-characterized cohort and publicly available cross-linking immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-Seq) data were collected. Resistance to chemotherapeutics was assessed in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Functional studies were performed in 2D and 3D cell culture models, including proliferation, spheroid growth, and mitochondrial respiration analyses. RESULTS We identified IGF2BP2 as the most abundant IGF2BP in primary and metastastatic CRC, correlating with tumor stage in patient samples and tumor growth in PDXs. IGF2BP2 expression in primary tumor tissue was significantly associated with resistance to selumetinib, gefitinib, and regorafenib in PDOs and to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in PDX in vivo. IGF2BP2 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells were more susceptible to regorafenib in 2D and to oxaliplatin, selumitinib, and nintedanib in 3D cell culture. Further, a bioinformatic analysis using CLIP data suggested stabilization of target transcripts in primary and metastatic tumors. Measurement of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) revealed a decreased basal OCR and an increase in glycolytic ATP production rate in IGF2BP2 KO. In addition, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis confirmed decreased expression of genes of the respiratory chain complex I, complex IV, and the outer mitochondrial membrane in IGF2BP2 KO cells. CONCLUSIONS IGF2BP2 correlates with CRC tumor growth in vivo and promotes chemoresistance by altering mitochondrial respiratory chain metabolism. As a druggable target, IGF2BP2 could be used in future CRC therapy to overcome CRC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kendzia
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Susanne Franke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Tarek Kröhler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Golob-Schwarzl
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Caroline Schweiger
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M Toeglhofer
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Skofler
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Uranitsch
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Brothers of Charity Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Philipp Stiegler
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlen Keil
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology, Berlin GmbH-Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology, Berlin GmbH-Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | | | - Hans Lehrach
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Reinhard
- Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, USA
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Regenbrecht
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Fickert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sigurd F Lax
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz South-West and School of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Halle Research Centre for Drug Therapy (HRCDT), Halle, Germany.
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5
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Targeting the "undruggable": RNA-binding proteins in the spotlight in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:69-83. [PMID: 35772609 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tumors refractory to conventional therapy belong to specific subpopulations of cancer cells, which have acquired a higher number of mutations/epigenetic changes than the majority of cancer cells. This property provides them the ability to become resistant to therapy. Aberrant expression of certain RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can regulate the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by binding to specific regions present in the 3´-UTR of certain mRNAs to promote or repress mRNA translation or by interacting with other proteins (including RBPs) and non-coding RNAs that are part of ribonucleoprotein complexes. In particular, an increasing interest in the RBPs involved in chemoresistance has recently emerged. In this review, we discuss how RBPs are not only affected by chemotherapeutic treatments, but also play an active role in therapeutic responses via the direct modulation of crucial cancer-related proteins. A special focus is being placed on the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these RBPs.
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6
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Ramesh-Kumar D, Guil S. The IGF2BP family of RNA binding proteins links epitranscriptomics to cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:18-31. [PMID: 35643219 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RNA binding proteins that act at the post-transcriptional level display a richness of mechanisms to modulate the transcriptional output and respond to changing cellular conditions. The family of IGF2BP proteins recognize mRNAs modified by methylation and lengthen their lifecycle in the context of stable ribonucleoprotein particles to promote cancer progression. They are emerging as key 'reader' proteins in the epitranscriptomic field, driving the fate of bound substrates under physiological and disease conditions. Recent developments in the field include the recognition that noncoding substrates play crucial roles in mediating the pro-growth features of IGF2BP family, not only as regulated targets, but also as modulators of IGF2BP function themselves. In this review, we summarize the regulatory roles of IGF2BP proteins and link their molecular role as m6A modification readers to the cellular phenotype, thus providing a comprehensive insight into IGF2BP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Ramesh-Kumar
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia 08916, Spain
| | - Sonia Guil
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia 08916, Spain.
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7
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Li S, Jiang M. Elevated insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 levels predict a poor prognosis in patients with breast carcinoma using an integrated multi-omics data analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:994003. [PMID: 36092925 PMCID: PMC9448930 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.994003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) controls the cytoplasmic fate of certain mRNAs and is hypothesized to predict a poor patient prognosis in several malignant tumors. However, the prognostic relevance of IGF2BP1 in breast cancer remains debatable. Methods: We interrogated large publicly available datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and cBioportal databases to analyze the genetic alterations in the expression levels of IGF2BP1 in patients with invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA), and to discern the prognostic value of IGF2BP1 in BRCA. We applied Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to uncover a functional association between IGF2BP1 and BRCA using differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and we screened genes and proteins related to BRCA. Results: We determined that both genetic alterations in IGF2BP1 (approximately 10%) and an increase in IGF2BP1 mRNA levels were related to certain cancer subtypes and an unfavorable prognosis in BRCA patients, and we then established an OS nomogram upon our multivariate regression model. The DEGs and IGF2BP1-correlated genes/proteins that implied the involvement of cornification, keratinization, drug/xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome P450, chemical carcinogenesis, cell interactions, and cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) pathways with respect to the prognostic relevance of IGF2BP1. Conclusion: In summary, our results indicated that both genetic alterations in IGF2BP1 and increased levels of IGF2BP1 mRNA and protein predict a poor patient prognosis in BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Li
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meixiu Jiang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Meixiu Jiang,
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8
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Xi Y, Wang Y. IGF2BP1, a New Target to Overcome Drug Resistance in Melanoma? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:947363. [PMID: 35935853 PMCID: PMC9354603 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.947363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xi
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yujia Wang,
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9
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Yu Q, Zhu H, Wang H, Aimaier R, Chung M, Wang Z, Li Q. M6A-Related Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals a New Prognostic Risk Signature in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8114731. [PMID: 35722625 PMCID: PMC9201746 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8114731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is the most deadly skin cancer worldwide. Despite advances in the treatments of CMM, its incidence and mortality rates are still increasing. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of RNA modification and has attracted increasing interest in cancer initiation and progression. However, the role of m6A regulators in CMM and their correlation with prognosis remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that by applying consensus clustering, all CMM patient cases can be divided into two clusters based on overall expression levels of 25 m6A genes. We systematically analyzed the prognostic value of the 25 m6A RNA methylation regulators in CMM and found that ELAVL1, ABCF1, and IGF2BP1 yield the highest scores for predicting the prognosis of CMM. Accordingly, we derived a risk signature consisting of three selected m6A genes as an independent prognostic marker for CMM and validated our findings with data derived from a different CMM cohort. Next, we determined that CNVs in m6A genes had a significant negative impact on patient survival. The mRNA expression levels of m6A genes were correlated with CNV mutation. Moreover, in the selected three risk signature m6A regulators, GSEA analysis showed that they were closely correlated with inflammation and immune pathways. TME analysis proved that m6A gene expressions were negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, m6A regulators are vital participants in CMM pathology; and ELAVL1, ABCF1, and IGF2BP1 mRNA levels are valuable factors for prognosis prediction and treatment strategy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiong Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hainan Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310017, China
| | - Rehanguli Aimaier
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Manhon Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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10
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Fakhraldeen SA, Berry SM, Beebe DJ, Roopra A, Bisbach CM, Spiegelman VS, Niemi NM, Alexander CM. Enhanced immunoprecipitation techniques for the identification of RNA-binding protein partners: IGF2BP1 interactions in mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101649. [PMID: 35104504 PMCID: PMC8891971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate the expression of large cohorts of RNA species to produce programmatic changes in cellular phenotypes. To describe the function of RBPs within a cell, it is key to identify their mRNA-binding partners. This is often done by crosslinking nucleic acids to RBPs, followed by chemical release of the nucleic acid fragments for analysis. However, this methodology is lengthy, which involves complex processing with attendant sample losses, thus large amounts of starting materials and prone to artifacts. To evaluate potential alternative technologies, we tested “exclusion-based” purification of immunoprecipitates (IFAST or SLIDE) and report here that these methods can efficiently, rapidly, and specifically isolate RBP–RNA complexes. The analysis requires less than 1% of the starting material required for techniques that include crosslinking. Depending on the antibody used, 50% to 100% starting protein can be retrieved, facilitating the assay of endogenous levels of RBPs; the isolated ribonucleoproteins are subsequently analyzed using standard techniques, to provide a comprehensive portrait of RBP complexes. Using exclusion-based techniques, we show that the mRNA-binding partners for RBP IGF2BP1 in cultured mammary epithelial cells are enriched in mRNAs important for detoxifying superoxides (specifically glutathione peroxidase [GPX]-1 and GPX-2) and mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins. We show that these interactions are functionally significant, as loss of function of IGF2BP1 leads to destabilization of GPX mRNAs and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption. We speculate that this underlies a consistent requirement for IGF2BP1 for the expression of clonogenic activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saja A Fakhraldeen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott M Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Avtar Roopra
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Celia M Bisbach
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Natalie M Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St Louis
| | - Caroline M Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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11
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Wallis N, Oberman F, Shurrush K, Germain N, Greenwald G, Gershon T, Pearl T, Abis G, Singh V, Singh A, Sharma AK, Barr HM, Ramos A, Spiegelman VS, Yisraeli JK. Small molecule inhibitor of Igf2bp1 represses Kras and a pro-oncogenic phenotype in cancer cells. RNA Biol 2021; 19:26-43. [PMID: 34895045 PMCID: PMC8794255 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.2010983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Igf2bp1 is an oncofetal RNA binding protein whose expression in numerous types of cancers is associated with upregulation of key pro-oncogenic RNAs, poor prognosis, and reduced survival. Importantly, Igf2bp1 synergizes with mutations in Kras to enhance signalling and oncogenic activity, suggesting that molecules inhibiting Igf2bp1 could have therapeutic potential. Here, we isolate a small molecule that interacts with a hydrophobic surface at the boundary of Igf2bp1 KH3 and KH4 domains, and inhibits binding to Kras RNA. In cells, the compound reduces the level of Kras and other Igf2bp1 mRNA targets, lowers Kras protein, and inhibits downstream signalling, wound healing, and growth in soft agar, all in the absence of any toxicity. This work presents an avenue for improving the prognosis of Igf2bp1-expressing tumours in lung, and potentially other, cancer(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Wallis
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Froma Oberman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Khriesto Shurrush
- The Wohl Drug Discovery Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nicolas Germain
- The Wohl Drug Discovery Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gila Greenwald
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tehila Gershon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Talia Pearl
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giancarlo Abis
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vikash Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Haim M. Barr
- The Wohl Drug Discovery Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andres Ramos
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vladimir S. Spiegelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joel K. Yisraeli
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Bothrops Jararaca Snake Venom Modulates Key Cancer-Related Proteins in Breast Tumor Cell Lines. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13080519. [PMID: 34437390 PMCID: PMC8402457 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide in an uncontrolled way and may spread into other tissues where they may infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue. Several previous reports have described biochemical anti-tumorigenic properties of crude snake venom or its components, including their capability of inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell death. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no work describing cancer cell proteomic changes following treatment with snake venoms. In this work we describe the quantitative changes in proteomics of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cell lines following treatment with Bothrops jararaca snake venom, as well as the functional implications of the proteomic changes. Cell lines were treated with sub-toxic doses at either 0.63 μg/mL (low) or 2.5 μg/mL (high) of B. jararaca venom for 24 h, conditions that cause no cell death per se. Proteomics analysis was conducted on a nano-scale liquid chromatography coupled on-line with mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS). More than 1000 proteins were identified and evaluated from each cell line treated with either the low or high dose of the snake venom. Protein profiling upon venom treatment showed differential expression of several proteins related to cancer cell metabolism, immune response, and inflammation. Among the identified proteins we highlight histone H3, SNX3, HEL-S-156an, MTCH2, RPS, MCC2, IGF2BP1, and GSTM3. These data suggest that sub-toxic doses of B. jararaca venom have potential to modulate cancer-development related protein targets in cancer cells. This work illustrates a novel biochemical strategy to identify therapeutic targets against cancer cell growth and survival.
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 1 (IGF2BP1) Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Associated with Chemotherapy Responsiveness in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136940. [PMID: 34203267 PMCID: PMC8267666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) is an RNA-binding protein and serves as a post-transcriptional fine-tuner regulating the expression of mRNA targets. However, the clinicopathological roles of IGF2BP1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains limited. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the clinical significance and biomarker potentials of IGF2BP1 in CRC. A total of 266 specimens from two sets of CRC patients were collected. IGF2BP1 expression was studied by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The Kaplan-Meier survival plot and a log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to determine the survival impact of IGF2BP1. Public datasets sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Human Cancer Metastasis Database (HCMDB), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plotter, and two CRC cell lines, HCT-116 and DLD-1, were used for validating our findings. We showed that IGF2BP1 was overexpressed in tumor specimens compared to 13 paired normal parts by examining the immunoreactivity of IGF2BP1 (p = 0.045). The increased expression of IGF2BP1 in primary tumor parts was observed regardless of metastatic status (p < 0.001) in HCMDB analysis. IGF2BP1 expression was significantly associated with young age (59.6% vs. 46.7%, p-value = 0.043) and advanced stage (61.3% vs. 40.0%, p-value = 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, IGF2BP1 remained an independent prognostic factor (HR = 1.705, p-value = 0.005). TCGA datasets analysis indicated that high IGF2BP1 expression showed a lower 5-year survival rate (58% vs. 65%) in CRC patients. The increased expression of IGF2BP1 in chemotherapy non-responder rectal cancer patients was observed using a ROC plotter. Overexpression of IGF2BP1 promoted the colony-forming capacity and 5-fluorouracil and etoposide resistance in CRC cells. Here, IGF2BP1 was an independent poor prognostic marker in CRC patients and contributed to aggressive phenotypes in CRC cell lines.
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Feng G, Zhao J, Lei J, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang T, Lu H. Identification of Igf2bp1 gene family and effect on chicken myoblast proliferation. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.1932916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Feng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiarong Zhao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Lei
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Biegel JM, Dhamdhere M, Gao S, Gowda CP, Kawasawa YI, Spiegelman VS. Inhibition of the mRNA-Binding Protein IGF2BP1 Suppresses Proliferation and Sensitizes Neuroblastoma Cells to Chemotherapeutic Agents. Front Oncol 2021; 11:608816. [PMID: 33796454 PMCID: PMC8008117 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.608816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain at chromosome 17q21 in neuroblastoma is associated with a poor prognosis, independent of MYCN amplification status. Several potential proto-oncogenes have been identified in this region, one of them-insulin-like growth-factor-2 mRNA binding protein (IGF2BP1)-is expressed at high levels in stage 4 tumors, and associated with overall lower patient survival. Here, we demonstrate that down-regulation of IGF2BP1 activity, either by transcript silencing or chemical inhibition, suppresses neuroblastoma cell growth. Furthermore, the combination of IGF2BP1 inhibition along with commonly used chemotherapeutics that broadly affect DNA synthesis, or cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors that disrupt signal transduction, have a synergistic effect on the suppression of neuroblastoma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Biegel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pediatric Department, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Mayura Dhamdhere
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pediatric Department, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Chethana P. Gowda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pediatric Department, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Departments of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Vladimir S. Spiegelman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pediatric Department, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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16
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Resistance to Molecularly Targeted Therapies in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051115. [PMID: 33807778 PMCID: PMC7961479 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer with invasive growth patterns. In 2021, 106,110 patients are projected to be diagnosed with melanoma, out of which 7180 are expected to die. Traditional methods like surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are not effective in the treatment of metastatic and advanced melanoma. Recent approaches to treat melanoma have focused on biomarkers that play significant roles in cell growth, proliferation, migration, and survival. Several FDA-approved molecular targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed against genetic biomarkers whose overexpression is implicated in tumorigenesis. The use of targeted therapies as an alternative or supplement to immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of metastatic melanoma. Although this treatment strategy is more efficacious and less toxic in comparison to traditional therapies, targeted therapies are less effective after prolonged treatment due to acquired resistance caused by mutations and activation of alternative mechanisms in melanoma tumors. Recent studies focus on understanding the mechanisms of acquired resistance to these current therapies. Further research is needed for the development of better approaches to improve prognosis in melanoma patients. In this article, various melanoma biomarkers including BRAF, MEK, RAS, c-KIT, VEGFR, c-MET and PI3K are described, and their potential mechanisms for drug resistance are discussed.
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17
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Lixin S, Wei S, Haibin S, Qingfu L, Tiemin P. miR-885-5p inhibits proliferation and metastasis by targeting IGF2BP1 and GALNT3 in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:1371-1381. [PMID: 33052627 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) continues to increase worldwide, however its molecular pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Recent studies have implicated microRNAs in iCCA progression. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-885-5p was significantly decreased in iCCA tissues. Downregulation of miR-885-5p was correlated with vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, unfavorable overall survival, and shorter disease-free survival. Silencing or overexpressing miR-885-5p by lentiviral approaches significantly influenced iCCA cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, overexpression of miR-885-5p inhibited iCCA metastasis and proliferation by directly inhibiting GALNT3 as well as by indirectly promoting the downregulation of insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1). Furthermore, miR-885-5p inhibited iCCA metastasis by downregulating the PI3K/AKT/MMPs signaling pathway via targeting GALNT3. Collectively, we demonstrated that miR-885-5p was an important mediator of iCCA proliferation and metastasis by regulating GALNT3 and IGF2BP1, thus offering a potential target for iCCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Lixin
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sun Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Song Haibin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lang Qingfu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pei Tiemin
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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18
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Xu Z, Zhou X, Wu J, Cui X, Wang M, Wang X, Gao Z. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carrying microRNA-150 suppresses the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells via targeting IGF2BP1. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5323-5335. [PMID: 35117898 PMCID: PMC8798822 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) plays a critical role in varied types of human cancers. In this study, we explored the effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (exo) carrying miR-150 (MSC-Exo-150) on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. METHODS MiR-150 expression in OS cell lines was assessed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). MSCs were transfected with cell-miR-67 or has-miR-150, and grouped as MSC-67 or MSC-150. Exosomes were isolated from each group, and separately named MSC-Exo-67, MSC-Exo-150 and MSC-Exo. MTT or flow cytometry assay was used to analyze the proliferation or apoptosis of U2SO and HOS cells, respectively. Wound healing or transwell assay was utilized to examine the migration or invasion of U2SO and HOS cells, respectively. The target relationship of miR-150 and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was established using StarBase2.0 and verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis. Xenografted tumor model was established in rats to confirm the inhibitory effect of MSC-Exo-150 on the growth of xenografted tumor in vivo. RESULTS The expression of miR-150 was downregulated in OS cell lines, and significantly higher in MSC-150 cells than that in MSCs. MiR-150 was overexpressed in MSC-Exo-150 group compared with MSC-Exo group. After transfection of MSC-Exo-150 into U2SO and HOS cells, cell viability, mobility and invasion rate were decreased, and the cell apoptosis was increased. MiR-150 targeted IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP1 expression was negatively modulated by miR-150. Overexpression of IGF2BP1 reversed the anti-tumor effect of MSC-Exo-150 on HOS cells. CONCLUSIONS MSC-Exo-150 inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis of OS cells by targeting IGF2BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenchao Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
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19
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Abstract
The oncofetal mRNA-binding protein, IMP1 or insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1), promotes the overexpression of several oncogenic proteins by binding to and stabilizing their mRNAs. IMP1 is frequently overexpressed in melanoma and is associated with a poor prognosis, but the full spectrum of IMP1 target transcripts remains unknown. Here, we report the identification of protein kinase C-α (PKCα), as a novel molecular target of IMP1. Overexpression of IMP1 resulted in increased levels of PKCα, while RNAi knockdown of IMP1 resulted in decreased PKCα mRNA stability, PKCα protein levels, and MAPK/ERK activation. In addition to IMP1 acting as a positive regulator of PKCα mRNA, we also report the identification of miR-340 as a negative regulator of PKCα mRNA. In melanoma cancer cells, inhibition of miR-340 led to increased PKCα protein levels. PKCα plays important roles in numerous signaling pathways including the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. PKCα activates RAF1, which in turn activates MEK1, and activates downstream transcriptional targets of MAPK through activation of JNK signaling. Together, these pathways provide a way to activate MAPK signaling downstream of BRAF and MEK1 inhibitors, which are commonly used to treat melanoma. Analysis of 117 melanoma tumors samples showed that overexpression of PKCα is associated with poorer overall survival. In patients harboring BRAF or NRAS mutations, PKCα overexpression is associated with an 11-fold increased risk of death. Thus, PKCα mRNA is a novel target of IMP1, which is commonly overexpressed in melanoma and is linked to poorer overall survival.
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20
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Ghoshal A, Rodrigues LC, Gowda CP, Elcheva IA, Liu Z, Abraham T, Spiegelman VS. Extracellular vesicle-dependent effect of RNA-binding protein IGF2BP1 on melanoma metastasis. Oncogene 2019; 38:4182-4196. [PMID: 30936459 PMCID: PMC7727312 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0797-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein with an oncofetal pattern of expression shown to be implicated in the development of a variety of malignancies. In this study, we explored the role and mechanisms of IGF2BP1 in melanoma development and progression. In two different in vivo models, we showed that while genetic deletion or shRNA-mediated suppression of IGF2BP1 did not affect primary tumor formation, it drastically suppressed lung metastasis. Here we demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by melanoma cells mediate the effects of IGF2BP1 on metastasis: EVs from the IGF2BP1 knockdown melanoma cells failed to promote metastasis whereas EVs isolated from IGF2BP1-overexpressed melanoma cells further accelerated EV-induced metastasis. Moreover, the EVs from IGF2BP1 knockdown melanoma cells inhibited fibronectin deposition and accumulation of CD45+ cells in the lungs compared to control EVs, thus blocking the pre-metastatic niche formation potential of EVs. IGF2BP1 knockdown did not affect size, number, or protein/RNA concentration of secreted EVs or their uptake by recipient cells in vitro or in vivo. However, RNA-sequencing and proteomics analysis of the EVs revealed differential expression in a number of mRNA, proteins and miRNAs. This suggested that IGF2BP1 is intimately involved in the regulation of the cargo of EVs, thereby affecting the pro-metastatic function of melanoma-derived EVs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the role of RNA-binding protein IGF2BP1 in EV-mediated promotion of melanoma metastasis and may provide novel avenues for the development of metastatic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Ghoshal
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Lucas C Rodrigues
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Chethana P Gowda
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Irina A Elcheva
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Science, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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21
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Montalvo-Quiros S, Aragoneses-Cazorla G, Garcia-Alcalde L, Vallet-Regí M, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Cancer cell targeting and therapeutic delivery of silver nanoparticles by mesoporous silica nanocarriers: insights into the action mechanisms using quantitative proteomics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4531-4545. [PMID: 30806414 PMCID: PMC6667342 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07667g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An approach for safely delivering AgNPs to cancer cells and the evaluation of the affected cellular mechanism are presented. The use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanovehicles decorated with transferrin (Tf, targeting agent) provides a nanoplatform for the nucleation and immobilization of AgNPs (MSNs-Tf-AgNPs). We performed the physico-chemical characterization of the nanosystems and evaluated their therapeutic potential using bioanalytical strategies to estimate the efficiency of the targeting, the degree of cellular internalization in two cell lines with different TfR expression, and the cytotoxic effects of the delivered AgNPs. In addition, cellular localization of the nanosystems in cells has been evaluated by a transmission electron microscopy analysis of ultrathin sections of human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells exposed to MSNs-Tf-AgNPs. The in vitro assays demonstrate that only the nanosystem functionalized with Tf is able to transport the AgNPs inside the cells which overexpress transferrin receptors. Therefore, this novel nanosystem is able to deliver AgNPs specifically to cancer cells overexpressing Tf receptors and offers the possibility of a targeted therapy using reduced doses of silver nanoparticles as cytotoxic agents. Then, a quantitative proteomic experiment validated through the analysis of gene expression has been performed to identify the molecular mechanisms of action associated with the chemotherapeutic potential of the MSNs-Tf-AgNP nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montalvo-Quiros
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Hartman ML, Sztiller-Sikorska M, Czyz M. Whole-exome sequencing reveals novel genetic variants associated with diverse phenotypes of melanoma cells. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:588-602. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz L. Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
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Cross-Talk between Wnt and Hh Signaling Pathways in the Pathology of Basal Cell Carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071442. [PMID: 29987229 PMCID: PMC6069411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. The cost of care for BCC is one of the highest for all cancers in the Medicare population in the United States. Activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway appears to be a key driver of BCC development. Studies involving mouse models have provided evidence that activation of the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) family of transcription factors is a key step in the initiation of the tumorigenic program leading to BCC. Activation of the Wnt pathway is also observed in BCCs. In addition, the Wnt signaling pathway has been shown to be required in Hh pathway-driven development of BCC in a mouse model. Cross-talks between Wnt and Hh pathways have been observed at different levels, yet the mechanisms of these cross-talks are not fully understood. In this review, we examine the mechanism of cross-talk between Wnt and Hh signaling in BCC development and its potential relevance for treatment. Recent studies have identified insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1), a direct target of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as the factor that binds to GLI1 mRNA and upregulates its levels and activities. This mode of regulation of GLI1 appears important in BCC tumorigenesis and could be explored in the treatment of BCCs.
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Huang X, Zhang H, Guo X, Zhu Z, Cai H, Kong X. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:88. [PMID: 29954406 PMCID: PMC6025799 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) plays essential roles in embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. IGF2BP1 serves as a post-transcriptional fine-tuner regulating the expression of some essential mRNA targets required for the control of tumor cell proliferation and growth, invasion, and chemo-resistance, associating with a poor overall survival and metastasis in various types of human cancers. Therefore, IGF2BP1 has been traditionally regarded as an oncogene and potential therapeutic target for cancers. Nevertheless, a few studies have also demonstrated its tumor-suppressive role. However, the details about the contradictory functions of IGF2BP1 are unclear. The growing numbers of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as its direct regulators, during tumor cell proliferation, growth, and invasion in multiple cancers. Thus, the mechanisms of post-transcriptional modulation of gene expression mediated by IGF2BP1, miRNAs, and lncRNAs in determining the fate of the development of tissues and organs, as well as tumorigenesis, need to be elucidated. In this review, we summarized the tissue distribution, expression, and roles of IGF2BP1 in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis, and focused on modulation of the interconnectivity between IGF2BP1 and its targeted mRNAs or non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The potential use of inhibitors of IGF2BP1 and its related pathways in cancer therapy was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, 650504, Yunnan Province, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, 610500, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoran Guo
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zongxin Zhu
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Haibo Cai
- Department of Oncology, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, 655400, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Xiangyang Kong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, 650504, Yunnan Province, China.
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Torres-Collado AX, Knott J, Jazirehi AR. Reversal of Resistance in Targeted Therapy of Metastatic Melanoma: Lessons Learned from Vemurafenib (BRAF V600E-Specific Inhibitor). Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060157. [PMID: 29795041 PMCID: PMC6025215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and has a very low survival rate. Over 50% of melanomas harbor various BRAF mutations with the most common being the V600E. BRAFV600E mutation that causes constitutive activation of the MAPK pathway leading to drug-, immune-resistance, apoptosis evasion, proliferation, survival, and metastasis of melanomas. The ATP competitive BRAFV600E selective inhibitor, vemurafenib, has shown dramatic success in clinical trials; promoting tumor regression and an increase in overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. Regrettably, vemurafenib-resistance develops over an average of six months, which renders melanomas resistant to other therapeutic strategies. Elucidation of the underlying mechanism(s) of acquisition of vemurafenib-resistance and design of novel approaches to override resistance is the subject of intense clinical and basic research. In this review, we summarize recent developments in therapeutic approaches and clinical investigations on melanomas with BRAFV600E mutation to establish a new platform for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Xavier Torres-Collado
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Knott
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Ali R Jazirehi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Andres SF, Williams KN, Rustgi AK. The Molecular Basis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2018; 14:69-79. [PMID: 30237756 PMCID: PMC6141197 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-018-0403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a vexing clinical problem. In contrast to early stage disease, once CRC metastasizes to other organs, long-term survival is compromised. We seek to review the molecular pathogenesis, animal models, and functional genomics for an enhanced understanding of how CRC metastasizes and how this can be exploited therapeutically. RECENT FINDINGS Mouse models may recapitulate certain aspects of metastatic human CRC and allow for studies to identify regulators of metastasis. Modulation of transcription factors, onco-proteins, or tumor suppressors have been identified to activate known metastatic pathways. CD44 variants, microRNAs and RNA binding proteins are emerging as metastatic modulators. SUMMARY CRC metastasis is a multi-faceted and heterogeneous disease. Despite common pathways contributing to metastatic development, there are numerous variables that modulate metastatic signals in subsets of patients. It is paramount that studies continue to investigate metastatic drivers, enhancers and inhibitors in CRC to develop therapeutic targets and improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Andres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kathy N Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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