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Dos Santos Nunes RG, de Amorim LC, Bezerra IC, da Silva AJ, Dos Santos CAL, Gubert P, de Menezesa IRA, Duarte AE, Barros LM, da Silveira Andrade-da-Costa BL, Dos Santos MV, Dos Santos Correia MT, da Rosa MM. Syagrus coronata fixed oil prevents rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:497-515. [PMID: 38619158 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2338431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
One prominent aspect of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the presence of elevated levels of free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Syagrus coronata (S. coronata), a palm tree, exhibits antioxidant activity attributed to its phytochemical composition, containing fatty acids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. The aim of this investigation was to examine the potential neuroprotective effects of S. coronata fixed oil against rotenone-induced toxicity using Drosophila melanogaster. Young Drosophila specimens (3-4 d old) were exposed to a diet supplemented with rotenone (50 µM) for 7 d with and without the inclusion of S. coronata fixed oil (0.2 mg/g diet). Data demonstrated that rotenone exposure resulted in significant locomotor impairment and increased mortality rates in flies. Further, rotenone administration reduced total thiol levels but elevated lipid peroxidation, iron (Fe) levels, and nitric oxide (NO) levels while decreasing the reduced capacity of mitochondria. Concomitant administration of S. coronata exhibited a protective effect against rotenone, as evidenced by a return to control levels of Fe, NO, and total thiols, lowered lipid peroxidation levels, reversed locomotor impairment, and enhanced % cell viability. Molecular docking of the oil lipidic components with antioxidant enzymes showed strong binding affinity to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) enzymes. Overall, treatment with S. coronata fixed oil was found to prevent rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Artur José da Silva
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Gubert
- Keizo Asami Institute, iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Pure and Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Western of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Pure and Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Western of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Melgarejo da Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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2
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Zhang W, Ju Y, Ren Y, Miao Y, Wang Y. Exploring the Efficient Natural Products for the Therapy of Parkinson's Disease via Drosophila Melanogaster (Fruit Fly) Models. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:77-93. [PMID: 38213160 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501281402231218071641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder, partly attributed to mutations, environmental toxins, oxidative stress, abnormal protein aggregation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the precise pathogenesis of PD and its treatment strategy still require investigation. Fortunately, natural products have demonstrated potential as therapeutic agents for alleviating PD symptoms due to their neuroprotective properties. To identify promising lead compounds from herbal medicines' natural products for PD management and understand their modes of action, suitable animal models are necessary. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) serves as an essential model for studying genetic and cellular pathways in complex biological processes. Diverse Drosophila PD models have been extensively utilized in PD research, particularly for discovering neuroprotective natural products. This review emphasizes the research progress of natural products in PD using the fruit fly PD model, offering valuable insights into utilizing invertebrate models for developing novel anti-PD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Ju
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunuo Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaodong Miao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300250, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
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3
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Shabkhizan R, Haiaty S, Moslehian MS, Bazmani A, Sadeghsoltani F, Saghaei Bagheri H, Rahbarghazi R, Sakhinia E. The Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Autophagic Response to Caloric Restriction and Fasting. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1211-1225. [PMID: 37527766 PMCID: PMC10509423 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Each cell is equipped with a conserved housekeeping mechanism, known as autophagy, to recycle exhausted materials and dispose of injured organelles via lysosomal degradation. Autophagy is an early-stage cellular response to stress stimuli in both physiological and pathological situations. It is thought that the promotion of autophagy flux prevents host cells from subsequent injuries by removing damaged organelles and misfolded proteins. As a correlate, the modulation of autophagy is suggested as a therapeutic approach in diverse pathological conditions. Accumulated evidence suggests that intermittent fasting or calorie restriction can lead to the induction of adaptive autophagy and increase longevity of eukaryotic cells. However, prolonged calorie restriction with excessive autophagy response is harmful and can stimulate a type II autophagic cell death. Despite the existence of a close relationship between calorie deprivation and autophagic response in different cell types, the precise molecular mechanisms associated with this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, we aimed to highlight the possible effects of prolonged and short-term calorie restriction on autophagic response and cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Shabkhizan
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Sadat Moslehian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Student Committee Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Advanced Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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4
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Gomes P, Tzouanou F, Skolariki K, Vamvaka-Iakovou A, Noguera-Ortiz C, Tsirtsaki K, Waites CL, Vlamos P, Sousa N, Costa-Silva B, Kapogiannis D, Sotiropoulos I. Extracellular vesicles and Alzheimer's disease in the novel era of Precision Medicine: implications for disease progression, diagnosis and treatment. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114183. [PMID: 35952764 PMCID: PMC9985072 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted membranous nano-sized particles, are critical intercellular messengers participating in nervous system homeostasis, while recent evidence implicates EVs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Specifically, small EVs have been shown to spread toxic proteins, induce neuronal loss, and contribute to neuroinflammation and AD progression. On the other hand, EVs can reduce amyloid-beta deposition and transfer neuroprotective substances between cells, mitigating disease mechanisms. In addition to their roles in AD pathogenesis, EVs also exhibit great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of other brain disorders, representing an advantageous tool for Precision Medicine. Herein, we summarize the contribution of small EVs to AD-related mechanisms and disease progression, as well as their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Foteini Tzouanou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasia Vamvaka-Iakovou
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Institute of Biosciences & Applications NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Noguera-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katerina Tsirtsaki
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Clarissa L Waites
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Institute of Biosciences & Applications NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
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Moreno-Valladares M, Moncho-Amor V, Bernal-Simon I, Agirre-Iturrioz E, Álvarez-Satta M, Matheu A. Norovirus Intestinal Infection and Lewy Body Disease in an Older Patient with Acute Cognitive Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158376. [PMID: 35955510 PMCID: PMC9368907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case report on an older woman with unspecific symptoms and predominant long-term gastrointestinal disturbances, acute overall health deterioration with loss of autonomy for daily activities, and cognitive impairment. Autopsy revealed the presence of alpha-synuclein deposits spread into intestinal mucosa lesions, enteric plexuses, pelvic and retroperitoneal nerves and ganglia, and other organs as well as Lewy pathology in the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, we isolated norovirus from the patient, indicating active infection in the colon and detected colocalization of norovirus and alpha-synuclein in different regions of the patient’s brain. In view of this, we report a concomitant norovirus infection with synthesis of alpha-synuclein in the gastrointestinal mucosa and Lewy pathology in the CNS, which might support Braak’s hypothesis about the pathogenic mechanisms underlying synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Moreno-Valladares
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (I.B.-S.); (E.A.-I.)
- Group of Cellular Oncology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (V.M.-A.); (M.Á.-S.); (A.M.)
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-943007151
| | - Veronica Moncho-Amor
- Group of Cellular Oncology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (V.M.-A.); (M.Á.-S.); (A.M.)
| | - Iraide Bernal-Simon
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (I.B.-S.); (E.A.-I.)
| | - Eñaut Agirre-Iturrioz
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (I.B.-S.); (E.A.-I.)
| | - María Álvarez-Satta
- Group of Cellular Oncology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (V.M.-A.); (M.Á.-S.); (A.M.)
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- Group of Cellular Oncology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (V.M.-A.); (M.Á.-S.); (A.M.)
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Wang J, Yang X, Zeng W, Zhang X, Yang X, Xu Y, Liu K, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Cao X. Dual Effects: Intrastriatal Injection of α-syn N103/tau N368 Preformed Fibrils Promotes Endogenous α-synuclein Aggregates in the Proximal Colon. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:2097-2116. [PMID: 35912751 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological changes in the brain can affect the gastrointestinal tract, whereas there is less evidence regarding the brain-gut axis. OBJECTIVE To identify whether cerebral endogenous phosphorylated α-synuclein induces gastrointestinal dysfunction via the brain-gut axis, mediated by the vagus nerve. METHODS α-syn N103/tau N368 preformed fibrils were injected into the dorsal lateral striatum of rodents, and the cerebral and colonic synucleinopathies and changes in the enteric nervous system were analyzed. Moreover, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy was conducted to confirm the role of the vagus nerve in brain-gut propagation. RESULTS An anterograde propagation of phosphorylated α-synuclein from the brain to the proximal colon mainly via the vagus nerve was observed at one month. The accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein was detected in the proximal colon over time, accompanied by infiltration of macrophages and eosinophils in the mucosa and submucosa. Upon injection with lower doses of preformed fibrils, the accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein and dopaminergic neuron loss was reduced to levels consistent with control at six months, while the expression levels of GFAP, Iba-1, and IL-6 increased. Under high preformed fibrils dose conditions, fecal traits and gastrointestinal motility were significantly reduced at six months, and aggregations of phosphorylated α-synuclein and an increasing level of IL-1β appeared. CONCLUSION Induced endogenous α-synuclein can quickly propagate into the proximal colon mainly via the vagus nerve. Injections of low doses of preformed fibrils can elicit recovery of the enteric nervous system and degradation of α-synuclein aggregates whereas high doses cause accumulation of pathological α-synuclein, enteric inflammation, and prominent gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zeltser G, Sukhanov IM, Nevorotin AJ. MMM - The molecular model of memory. J Theor Biol 2022; 549:111219. [PMID: 35810778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Identifying mechanisms underlying neurons ability to process information including acquisition, storage, and retrieval plays an important role in the understanding of the different types of memory, pathogenesis of many neurological diseases affecting memory and therapeutic target discovery. However, the traditional understanding of the mechanisms of memory associated with the electrical signals having a unique combination of frequency and amplitude does not answer the question how the memories can survive for life-long periods of time, while exposed to synaptic noise. Recent evidence suggests that, apart from neuronal circuits, a diversity of the molecular memory (MM) carriers, are essential for memory performance. The molecular model of memory (MMM) is proposed, according to which each item of incoming information (the elementary memory item - eMI) is encoded by both circuitries, with the unique for a given MI electrical parameters, and also the MM carriers, unique by its molecular composition. While operating as the carriers of incoming information, the MMs, are functioning within the neuron plasma membrane. Inactive (latent) initially, during acquisition each of the eMIs is activated to become a virtual copy of some real fact or events bygone. This activation is accompanied by the considerable remodeling of the MM molecule associated with the resonance effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilya M Sukhanov
- Lab. Behavioral Pharmacology, Dept. Psychopharmacology, Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, I.P. Pavlov Medical University, Leo Tolstoi Street 6/8, St. Petersburg 197022, The Russian Federation
| | - Alexey J Nevorotin
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, I.P. Pavlov Medical University, Leo Tolstoi Street 6/8, St. Petersburg 197022, The Russian Federation
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8
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Hakui H, Kioka H, Miyashita Y, Nishimura S, Matsuoka K, Kato H, Tsukamoto O, Kuramoto Y, Takuwa A, Takahashi Y, Saito S, Ohta K, Asanuma H, Fu HY, Shinomiya H, Yamada N, Ohtani T, Sawa Y, Kitakaze M, Takashima S, Sakata Y, Asano Y. Loss-of-function mutations in the co-chaperone protein BAG5 cause dilated cardiomyopathy requiring heart transplantation. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabf3274. [PMID: 35044787 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure, characterized by ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction. Familial DCM is reportedly caused by mutations in more than 50 genes, requiring precise disease stratification based on genetic information. However, the underlying genetic causes of 60 to 80% of familial DCM cases remain unknown. Here, we identified that homozygous truncating mutations in the gene encoding Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) co-chaperone 5 (BAG5) caused inherited DCM in five patients among four unrelated families with complete penetrance. BAG5 acts as a nucleotide exchange factor for heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC70), promoting adenosine diphosphate release and activating HSC70-mediated protein folding. Bag5 mutant knock-in mice exhibited ventricular dilatation, arrhythmogenicity, and poor prognosis under catecholamine stimulation, recapitulating the human DCM phenotype, and administration of an adeno-associated virus 9 vector carrying the wild-type BAG5 gene could fully ameliorate these DCM phenotypes. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that BAG5 localized to junctional membrane complexes (JMCs), critical microdomains for calcium handling. Bag5-mutant mouse cardiomyocytes exhibited decreased abundance of functional JMC proteins under catecholamine stimulation, disrupted JMC structure, and calcium handling abnormalities. We also identified heterozygous truncating mutations in three patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, a reversible DCM subtype associated with abnormal calcium homeostasis. Our study suggests that loss-of-function mutations in BAG5 can cause DCM, that BAG5 may be a target for genetic testing in cases of DCM, and that gene therapy may potentially be a treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Hakui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nishimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Matsuoka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Kato
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayako Takuwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kunio Ohta
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asanuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Nantan, Kyoto 629-0392, Japan
| | - Hai Ying Fu
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Haruki Shinomiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ohtani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Seiji Takashima
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Ventura C, Torres V, Vieira L, Gomes B, Rodrigues AS, Rueff J, Penque D, Silva MJ. New “Omics” Approaches as Tools to Explore Mechanistic Nanotoxicology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1357:179-194. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Kijtawornrat A, Prompunt E, Panya A, Chattipakorn N, Barrère-Lemaire S, Kumphune S. Post-Ischemic Treatment of Recombinant Human Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (rhSLPI) Reduced Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040422. [PMID: 33924676 PMCID: PMC8070046 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Among factors contributing to I/R injury, proteolytic enzymes could also cause cellular injury, expand the injured area and induce inflammation, which then lead to cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, protease inhibition seems to provide therapeutic benefits. Previous studies showed the cardioprotective effect of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) against myocardial I/R injury. However, the effect of a post-ischemic treatment with SLPI in an in vivo I/R model has never been investigated. In the present study, recombinant human (rh) SLPI (rhSLPI) was systemically injected during coronary artery occlusion or at the onset of reperfusion. The results show that post-ischemic treatment with rhSLPI could significantly reduce infarct size, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) activity, inflammatory cytokines and protein carbonyl levels, as well as improving cardiac function. The cardioprotective effect of rhSLPI is associated with the attenuation of p38 MAPK phosphorylation, Bax, caspase-3 and -8 protein levels and enhancement of pro-survival kinase Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In summary, this is the first report showing the cardioprotective effects against myocardial I/R injury of post-ischemic treatments with rhSLPI in vivo. Thus, these results suggest that SLPI could be used as a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Graduate Programs in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Eakkapote Prompunt
- Unit of Excellence in Infectious Disease, Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
| | - Aussara Panya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Stephanie Barrère-Lemaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier, France;
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Graduate Programs in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-62-4693987
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11
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Zarkali A, McColgan P, Ryten M, Reynolds R, Leyland LA, Lees AJ, Rees G, Weil RS. Differences in network controllability and regional gene expression underlie hallucinations in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2020; 143:3435-3448. [PMID: 33118028 PMCID: PMC7719028 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual hallucinations are common in Parkinson's disease and are associated with poorer prognosis. Imaging studies show white matter loss and functional connectivity changes with Parkinson's visual hallucinations, but the biological factors underlying selective vulnerability of affected parts of the brain network are unknown. Recent models for Parkinson's disease hallucinations suggest they arise due to a shift in the relative effects of different networks. Understanding how structural connectivity affects the interplay between networks will provide important mechanistic insights. To address this, we investigated the structural connectivity changes that accompany visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease and the organizational and gene expression characteristics of the preferentially affected areas of the network. We performed diffusion-weighted imaging in 100 patients with Parkinson's disease (81 without hallucinations, 19 with visual hallucinations) and 34 healthy age-matched controls. We used network-based statistics to identify changes in structural connectivity in Parkinson's disease patients with hallucinations and performed an analysis of controllability, an emerging technique that allows quantification of the influence a brain region has across the rest of the network. Using these techniques, we identified a subnetwork of reduced connectivity in Parkinson's disease hallucinations. We then used the Allen Institute for Brain Sciences human transcriptome atlas to identify regional gene expression patterns associated with affected areas of the network. Within this network, Parkinson's disease patients with hallucinations showed reduced controllability (less influence over other brain regions), than Parkinson's disease patients without hallucinations and controls. This subnetwork appears to be critical for overall brain integration, as even in controls, nodes with high controllability were more likely to be within the subnetwork. Gene expression analysis of gene modules related to the affected subnetwork revealed that down-weighted genes were most significantly enriched in genes related to mRNA and chromosome metabolic processes (with enrichment in oligodendrocytes) and upweighted genes to protein localization (with enrichment in neuronal cells). Our findings provide insights into how hallucinations are generated, with breakdown of a key structural subnetwork that exerts control across distributed brain regions. Expression of genes related to mRNA metabolism and membrane localization may be implicated, providing potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Zarkali
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, 8-11 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Peter McColgan
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, University College London, Russell Square House, London, WC1B 5EH, UK
| | - Mina Ryten
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, 10-12 Russell Square House, London, UK
| | - Regina Reynolds
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, 10-12 Russell Square House, London, UK
| | - Louise-Ann Leyland
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, 8-11 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Andrew J Lees
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, 1 Wakefield Street, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Geraint Rees
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17-19 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Rimona S Weil
- Dementia Research Centre, University College London, 8-11 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
- Movement Disorders Consortium, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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12
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Siima AA, Stephano F, Munissi JJE, Nyandoro SS. Ameliorative effects of flavonoids and polyketides on the rotenone induced Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicology 2020; 81:209-215. [PMID: 32937168 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder associated with the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons (DA). PD treatment remains unsatisfactory as the current synthetic drugs in clinical use relies on managing only motor symptoms. This study investigated antioxidant potentials of selected compounds namely, 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (1), 6-hydroxy-2,3,4,4'-tetramethoxychalcone (2), 6-methoxyhamiltone A (3), diosquinone (4) and toussantine D (5) against rotenone (6) induced PD in Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicity of these compounds was conducted by monitoring flies' survival for seven days and determining the lethal concentrations (LC50). Whereas compound 1 had LC50 value of 91.3 μM within three days, compounds 2, 3, 4, and 5 had LC50 values of 87.2, 58.0, 64.0 and > 1000 μM, respectively on the seventh day of the experiment. We exposed flies (1-4 days old) to 500 μM rotenone and co-treated with different doses of the test compounds in the diet for seven days at final concentrations of 11.0, 43.6 and 87.2 μM for compounds 2 and 3. The concentrations used for compound 4 were 8.0, 32.0 and 64.0 μM, while 250, 500 and 1000 μM were used for compound 5. Rotenone fed flies showed impaired climbing ability compared to control flies, the phenotype that was rescued by the treatment of tested phytochemicals. Rotenone toxicity also increased malondialdehyde levels assayed by lipid peroxidation in the brain tissues relative to control flies. This effect was reduced in flies exposed to rotenone and co-treated with the phytochemicals. Moreover, expression levels of mRNA of antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase and catalase were elevated in flies exposed to rotenone and normalized in flies that were co-treated with tested compounds. Besides compound 1, this study provides overall evidence that the tested flavonoids and polyketides ameliorated the rotenone provoked neurotoxicity in D. melanogaster by battling the induced oxidative stress in brain cells including DA neurons and hence rescue the locomotor behaviour deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Siima
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35064, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Flora Stephano
- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35064, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Joan J E Munissi
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Stephen S Nyandoro
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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13
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van der Vlag M, Havekes R, Heckman PRA. The contribution of Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1 genes to selective neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:3256-3268. [PMID: 31991026 PMCID: PMC7496448 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by selective and severe degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the locus coeruleus (LC), which underlies the most prominent symptoms. Although α-synuclein accumulation has long been established to play a causal role in the disease, it alone cannot explain the selective degenerative pattern. Recent evidence shows that the selective vulnerability could arise due to the large presence of cytosolic catecholamines and Ca2+ ions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and LC specifically that can be aberrantly affected by α-synuclein accumulation. Moreover, each has its own toxic potential, and disturbance of one can exacerbate the toxic effects of the others. This presents a mechanism unique to these areas that can lead to a vicious degenerative cycle. Interestingly, in familial variants of PD, the exact same brain areas are affected, implying the underlying process is likely the same. However, the exact disease mechanisms of many of these genetic variants remain unclear. Here, we review the effects of the PD-related genes Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1. We establish that these mutant varieties can set in motion the same degenerative process involving α-synuclein, cytosolic catecholamines and Ca2+ . Additionally, we show indications that model organisms might not accurately represent all components of this central mechanism, explaining why Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1 model organisms often lack a convincing PD-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc van der Vlag
- Neurobiology Expertise GroupGroningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology Expertise GroupGroningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Pim R. A. Heckman
- Neurobiology Expertise GroupGroningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES)University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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14
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Zou MM, Wang Q, Chu LN, Vasseur L, Zhai YL, Qin YD, He WY, Yang G, Zhou YY, Peng L, You MS. CRISPR/Cas9-induced vitellogenin knockout lead to incomplete embryonic development in Plutella xylostella. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 123:103406. [PMID: 32485215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) is important for insect egg maturation and embryo development. In the present study, we characterized the molecular structure and expression profile of Vg gene, and analyzed its reproductive functions in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), a destructive pest of cruciferous crops, using CRISPR/Cas9 system. The P. xylostella Vg (PxVg) included all conserved domains and motifs that were commonly found in most insect Vgs except for the polyserine tract. PxVg gene was highly expressed in female pupae and adults. PxVg protein was detected in eggs and female adults. PxVg was mainly expressed in the fat body and its protein was detected in most tissues, except in the midgut. CRISPR/Cas9-induced PxVg knockout successfully constructed a homozygous mutant strain with a 5-base pair nucleotide deletion. No PxVg protein was found in the mutant individuals and in their ovaries. There were no significant differences between wild (WT) and mutant (Mut-5) types of P. xylostella in terms of ovariole length and the number of fully developed oocytes in newly emerged females. No significant difference was observed in the number of eggs laid within two days, but there was a lower egg hatchability (84% for WT vs. 47% for Mut-5). This is the first study presenting the functions of Vg in ovary development, egg maturation, oviposition and embryonic development of P. xylostella. Our results suggest that the reproductive functions of Vg may be species-specific in insects. It is possible that Vg may not be the major egg yolk protein precursor in P. xylostella. Other "functional Vgs" closely involved in the yolk formation and oogenesis would need to be further explored in P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Min Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Li-Na Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liette Vasseur
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Yi-Long Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yu-Dong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei-Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Min-Sheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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15
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Ferrucci L, Gonzalez‐Freire M, Fabbri E, Simonsick E, Tanaka T, Moore Z, Salimi S, Sierra F, de Cabo R. Measuring biological aging in humans: A quest. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13080. [PMID: 31833194 PMCID: PMC6996955 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global population of individuals over the age of 65 is growing at an unprecedented rate and is expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2050. Most older individuals are affected by multiple chronic diseases, leading to complex drug treatments and increased risk of physical and cognitive disability. Improving or preserving the health and quality of life of these individuals is challenging due to a lack of well-established clinical guidelines. Physicians are often forced to engage in cycles of "trial and error" that are centered on palliative treatment of symptoms rather than the root cause, often resulting in dubious outcomes. Recently, geroscience challenged this view, proposing that the underlying biological mechanisms of aging are central to the global increase in susceptibility to disease and disability that occurs with aging. In fact, strong correlations have recently been revealed between health dimensions and phenotypes that are typical of aging, especially with autophagy, mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and DNA methylation. Current research focuses on measuring the pace of aging to identify individuals who are "aging faster" to test and develop interventions that could prevent or delay the progression of multimorbidity and disability with aging. Understanding how the underlying biological mechanisms of aging connect to and impact longitudinal changes in health trajectories offers a unique opportunity to identify resilience mechanisms, their dynamic changes, and their impact on stress responses. Harnessing how to evoke and control resilience mechanisms in individuals with successful aging could lead to writing a new chapter in human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Marta Gonzalez‐Freire
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Elisa Fabbri
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Zenobia Moore
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Shabnam Salimi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Felipe Sierra
- Division of Aging BiologyNational Institute on AgingNIHBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology BranchBiomedical Research CenterNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
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16
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Dutta R, Sarkar SR. Role of Dynein and Dynactin (DCTN-1) in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.33805/2641-8991.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology and concept of degeneration in central nervous system is very complex and overwhelming at times. There is a complex mechanism which exists among different molecules in the cytoplasm of cell bodies of neurons, antegrade and retrograde axonal transport of cargoes and accumulation of certain substances and proteins which can influence the excitatory neurotransmitter like glutamate initiating the process of neurodegeneration. Neurons have extensive processes and communication between those processes and the cell body is crucial to neuronal function, viability and survival over time with progression of age. Researchers believe neurons are uniquely dependent on microtubule-based cargo transport. There is enough evidence to support that deficits in retrograde axonal transport contribute to pathogenesis in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Cytoplasmic dynein and its regulation by Dynactin (DCTN1) is the major molecular motor cargo involved in autophagy, mitosis and neuronal cell survival. Mutation in dynactin gene located in 2p13.1,is indeed studied very extensively and is considered to be involved directly or indirectly to various conditions like Perry syndrome, familial and sporadic Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Hereditary spastic paraplegia, Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA-5), Huntingtons disease, Alzheimers disease, Charcot marie tooth disease, Hereditary motor neuropathy 7B, prion disease, parkinsons disease, malformation of cortical development, polymicrogyria to name a few with exception of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
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17
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Sergi D, Renaud J, Simola N, Martinoli MG. Diabetes, a Contemporary Risk for Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiological and Cellular Evidences. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:302. [PMID: 31787891 PMCID: PMC6856011 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a group of diseases characterized by defective glucose metabolism, is the most widespread metabolic disorder affecting over 400 million adults worldwide. This pathological condition has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of central encephalopathies and peripheral neuropathies. In further support of this notion, recent epidemiological evidence suggests a link between DM and Parkinson’s disease (PD), with hyperglycemia emerging as one of the culprits in neurodegeneration involving the nigrostriatal pathway, the neuroanatomical substrate of the motor symptoms affecting parkinsonian patients. Indeed, dopaminergic neurons located in the mesencephalic substantia nigra appear to be particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress and degeneration, likely because of their intrinsic susceptibility to mitochondrial dysfunction, which may represent a direct consequence of hyperglycemia and hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Other pathological pathways induced by increased intracellular glucose levels, including the polyol and the hexosamine pathway as well as the formation of advanced glycation end-products, may all play a pivotal role in mediating the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia on nigral dopaminergic neurons. In this review article, we will examine the epidemiological as well as the molecular and cellular clues supporting the potential susceptibility of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons to hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Justine Renaud
- Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Nicola Simola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,National Institute for Neuroscience (INN), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada
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18
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Kolber P, Krüger R. Gene-environment interaction and Mendelian randomisation. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019; 175:597-603. [PMID: 31543362 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors only account for up to a third of the cases of Parkinson's disease (PD), while the remaining cases are of unknown aetiology. Environmental exposures (such as pesticides or heavy metals) and the interaction with genetic susceptibility factors (summarized in the concept of impaired xenobiotic metabolism) are believed to play a major role in the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Beside of the classical association studies (e.g. genome-wide association studies), a novel approach to investigate environmental risk factors are Mendelian randomisation studies. This review explores the gene-environment interaction and the gain of Mendelian randomisation studies in assessing causalities of modifiable risk factors for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kolber
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Belval, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - R Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Belval, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
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19
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Rayner SL, Morsch M, Molloy MP, Shi B, Chung R, Lee A. Using proteomics to identify ubiquitin ligase-substrate pairs: how novel methods may unveil therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2499-2510. [PMID: 30919022 PMCID: PMC11105231 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligases play an integral role in fine-tuning signaling cascades necessary for normal cell function. Aberrant regulation of ubiquitin ligases has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, generally, due to mutations within the E3 ligase itself. Several proteomic-based methods have recently emerged to facilitate the rapid identification of ligase-substrate pairs-a previously challenging feat due to the transient nature of ligase-substrate interactions. These novel methods complement standard immunoprecipitations (IPs) and include proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID), ubiquitin ligase-substrate trapping, tandem ubiquitin-binding entities (TUBEs), and a molecular trapping unit known as the NEDDylator. The implementation of these techniques is expected to facilitate the rapid identification of novel substrates of E3 ubiquitin ligases, a process that is likely to enhance our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and highlight novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Rayner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Marco Morsch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific Hwy, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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20
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Brandt A, Joop G, Vilcinskas A. Tribolium castaneum as a whole-animal screening system for the detection and characterization of neuroprotective substances. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 100:e21532. [PMID: 30653719 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Natural antioxidants and plant extracts with neuroprotective properties offer a promising new therapeutic approach for PD patients, but a suitable large-scale screening system is required for their discovery and preclinical analysis. Here we used the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum ) as a whole-animal screening system for the detection and characterization of neuroprotective substances. Paraquat was added to the diet of adult beetles to induce PD-like symptoms, which were quantified using a novel positive geotaxis behavioral assay. These paraquat-induced behavioral changes were reduced in beetles fed on diets supplemented with l-dihydroxyphenylalanine, ascorbic acid, curcumin, hempseed flour, or the Chinese herb gou-teng. T. castaneum is, therefore, a valuable model for the screening of neuroprotective substances in chemical libraries and plant extracts and could be developed as a model for the preclinical testing of therapeutic candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annely Brandt
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute of Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany
- LLH-Bee Institute Kirchhain, Kirchhain, Germany
| | - Gerrit Joop
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute of Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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21
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Garretti F, Agalliu D, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A, Sulzer D. Autoimmunity in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of α-Synuclein-Specific T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:303. [PMID: 30858851 PMCID: PMC6397885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from a variety of studies implicates a role for the adaptive immune system in Parkinson's disease (PD). Similar to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who display a high number of T cells in the brain attacking oligodendrocytes, PD patients show higher numbers of T cells in the ventral midbrain than healthy, age-matched controls. Mouse models of the disease also show the presence of T cells in the brain. The role of these infiltrating T cells in the propagation of disease is controversial; however, recent studies indicate that they may be autoreactive in nature, recognizing disease-altered self-proteins as foreign antigens. T cells of PD patients can generate an autoimmune response to α-synuclein, a protein that is aggregated in PD. α-Synuclein and other proteins are post-translationally modified in an environment in which protein processing is altered, possibly leading to the generation of neo-epitopes, or self-peptides that have not been identified by the host immune system as non-foreign. Infiltrating T cells may also be responding to such modified proteins. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown associations of PD with haplotypes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes, and a polymorphism in a non-coding region that may increase MHC class II in PD patients. We speculate that the inflammation observed in PD may play both pathogenic and protective roles. Future studies on the adaptive immune system in neurodegenerative disorders may elucidate steps in disease pathogenesis and assist with the development of both biomarkers and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garretti
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dritan Agalliu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Alessandro Sette
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Limatola A, Eichmann C, Jacob RS, Ben-Nissan G, Sharon M, Binolfi A, Selenko P. Time-Resolved NMR Analysis of Proteolytic α-Synuclein Processing in vitro and in cellulo. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800056. [PMID: 30260559 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Targeted proteolysis of the disordered Parkinson's disease protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) constitutes an important event under physiological and pathological cell conditions. In this work, site-specific αSyn cleavage by different endopeptidases in vitro and by endogenous proteases in extracts of challenged and unchallenged cells was studied by time-resolved NMR spectroscopy. Specifically, proteolytic processing was monitored under neutral and low pH conditions and in response to Rotenone-induced oxidative stress. Further, time-dependent degradation of electroporation-delivered αSyn in intact SH-SY5Y and A2780 cells was analyzed. Results presented here delineate a general framework for NMR-based proteolysis studies in vitro and in cellulo, and confirm earlier reports pertaining to the exceptional proteolytic stability of αSyn under physiological cell conditions. However, experimental findings also reveal altered protease susceptibilities in selected mammalian cell lines and upon induced cell stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Limatola
- Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP-Berlin), In-cell NMR Group,, Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5430, USA
| | - Cédric Eichmann
- Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP-Berlin), In-cell NMR Group,, Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reeba Susan Jacob
- Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP-Berlin), In-cell NMR Group,, Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 761000, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gili Ben-Nissan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 761000, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 761000, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andres Binolfi
- Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP-Berlin), In-cell NMR Group,, Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET) and Plataforma Argentina de Biología Estructural y Metabolómica (PLABEM), Ocampo y Esmeralda, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Philipp Selenko
- Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP-Berlin), In-cell NMR Group,, Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 761000, Rehovot, Israel
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23
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Bagherniya M, Butler AE, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. The effect of fasting or calorie restriction on autophagy induction: A review of the literature. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:183-197. [PMID: 30172870 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation process and protective housekeeping mechanism to eliminate damaged organelles, long-lived misfolded proteins and invading pathogens. Autophagy functions to recycle building blocks and energy for cellular renovation and homeostasis, allowing cells to adapt to stress. Modulation of autophagy is a potential therapeutic target for a diverse range of diseases, including metabolic conditions, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers and infectious diseases. Traditionally, food deprivation and calorie restriction (CR) have been considered to slow aging and increase longevity. Since autophagy inhibition attenuates the anti-aging effects of CR, it has been proposed that autophagy plays a substantive role in CR-mediated longevity. Among several stress stimuli inducers of autophagy, fasting and CR are the most potent non-genetic autophagy stimulators, and lack the undesirable side effects associated with alternative interventions. Despite the importance of autophagy, the evidence connecting fasting or CR with autophagy promotion has not previously been reviewed. Therefore, our objective was to weigh the evidence relating the effect of CR or fasting on autophagy promotion. We conclude that both fasting and CR have a role in the upregulation of autophagy, the evidence overwhelmingly suggesting that autophagy is induced in a wide variety of tissues and organs in response to food deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
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24
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Lotfi P, Tse DY, Di Ronza A, Seymour ML, Martano G, Cooper JD, Pereira FA, Passafaro M, Wu SM, Sardiello M. Trehalose reduces retinal degeneration, neuroinflammation and storage burden caused by a lysosomal hydrolase deficiency. Autophagy 2018; 14:1419-1434. [PMID: 29916295 PMCID: PMC6103706 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of undegraded molecular material leads to progressive neurodegeneration in a number of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) that are caused by functional deficiencies of lysosomal hydrolases. To determine whether inducing macroautophagy/autophagy via small-molecule therapy would be effective for neuropathic LSDs due to enzyme deficiency, we treated a mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB (MPS IIIB), a storage disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme NAGLU (alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase [Sanfilippo disease IIIB]), with the autophagy-inducing compound trehalose. Treated naglu–/ – mice lived longer, displayed less hyperactivity and anxiety, retained their vision (and retinal photoreceptors), and showed reduced inflammation in the brain and retina. Treated mice also showed improved clearance of autophagic vacuoles in neuronal and glial cells, accompanied by activation of the TFEB transcriptional network that controls lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic flux. Therefore, small-molecule-induced autophagy enhancement can improve the neurological symptoms associated with a lysosomal enzyme deficiency and could provide a viable therapeutic approach to neuropathic LSDs. Abbreviations: ANOVA: analysis of variance; Atg7: autophagy related 7; AV: autophagic vacuoles; CD68: cd68 antigen; ERG: electroretinogram; ERT: enzyme replacement therapy; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GNAT2: guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 2; HSCT: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; INL: inner nuclear layer; LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha; MPS: mucopolysaccharidoses; NAGLU: alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Sanfilippo disease IIIB); ONL: outer nuclear layer; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PRKCA/PKCα: protein kinase C, alpha; S1BF: somatosensory cortex; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TFEB: transcription factor EB; VMP/VPL: ventral posterior nuclei of the thalamus
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Lotfi
- a Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Dennis Y Tse
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA.,c School of Optometry , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Alberto Di Ronza
- a Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Michelle L Seymour
- d Huffington Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA.,e Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Cooper
- g Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience , Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , Kings College London , London , UK.,h Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA , Torrance , CA , USA
| | - Fred A Pereira
- d Huffington Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA.,e Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | | | - Samuel M Wu
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Marco Sardiello
- a Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital , Houston , TX , USA
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25
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Post MR, Lieberman OJ, Mosharov EV. Can Interactions Between α-Synuclein, Dopamine and Calcium Explain Selective Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease? Front Neurosci 2018; 12:161. [PMID: 29593491 PMCID: PMC5861202 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence place alpha-synuclein (aSyn) at the center of Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology, but it is still unclear why overexpression or mutated forms of this protein affect some neuronal populations more than others. Susceptible neuronal populations in PD, dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the locus coeruleus (LC), are distinguished by relatively high cytoplasmic concentrations of dopamine and calcium ions. Here we review the evidence for the multi-hit hypothesis of neurodegeneration, including recent papers that demonstrate synergistic interactions between aSyn, calcium ions and dopamine that may lead to imbalanced protein turnover and selective susceptibility of these neurons. We conclude that decreasing the levels of any one of these toxicity mediators can be beneficial for the survival of SNpc and LC neurons, providing multiple opportunities for targeted drug interventions aimed at modifying the course of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Post
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ori J Lieberman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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26
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Gęgotek A, Domingues P, Skrzydlewska E. Proteins involved in the antioxidant and inflammatory response in rutin-treated human skin fibroblasts exposed to UVA or UVB irradiation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 90:241-252. [PMID: 29455850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rutin, due to its polyphenolic structure, has antioxidant properties and can be used as a cytoprotective compound against UV-induced effects on skin cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rutin on proteomic profile in human skin fibroblasts irradiated with UV dose that induces apoptosis. METHODS Proteome analysis based on the results obtained by the QExactive OrbiTrap mass spectrometer. RESULTS Results show that rutin treatment more strongly protects against UVA-induced rather than UVB-induced increases in the total expression of proteins involved in antioxidant (such as SOD, TrxR, and Prxs 1/2) and inflammatory response (e.g., IL-17F, PAK2, and YWHAZ). However, in the case of UVB-irradiated cells, rutin additionally enhances the levels of disulfide-isomerase - an enzyme that is responsible for the formation and breakage of disulfide bonds. Moreover, UVB radiation promotes rutin-Keap1 adduct formation, which leads to the activation of Nrf2, a factor that is responsible for the synthesis of cytoprotective proteins. Furthermore, rutin partially prevents UV-induced apoptosis by restoring the physiological levels of p53, cytochrome c, and cell cycle and apoptosis regulator protein 2 that were increased following irradiation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results show that rutin effectively prevents UV-induced damages associated with proinflammatory and prooxidative activity and protects cells against apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Teves JMY, Bhargava V, Kirwan KR, Corenblum MJ, Justiniano R, Wondrak GT, Anandhan A, Flores AJ, Schipper DA, Khalpey Z, Sligh JE, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Sherman SJ, Madhavan L. Parkinson's Disease Skin Fibroblasts Display Signature Alterations in Growth, Redox Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Function, and Autophagy. Front Neurosci 2018; 11:737. [PMID: 29379409 PMCID: PMC5770791 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD) is challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of this disorder, and a poor correlation between the underlying pathology and the clinically expressed phenotype. An ideal biomarker would inform on PD-relevant pathological changes via an easily assayed biological characteristic, which reliably tracks clinical symptoms. Human dermal (skin) fibroblasts are accessible peripheral cells that constitute a patient-specific system, which potentially recapitulates the PD chronological and epigenetic aging history. Here, we compared primary skin fibroblasts obtained from individuals diagnosed with late-onset sporadic PD, and healthy age-matched controls. These fibroblasts were studied from fundamental viewpoints of growth and morphology, as well as redox, mitochondrial, and autophagic function. It was observed that fibroblasts from PD subjects had higher growth rates, and appeared distinctly different in terms of morphology and spatial organization in culture, compared to control cells. It was also found that the PD fibroblasts exhibited significantly compromised mitochondrial structure and function when assessed via morphological and oxidative phosphorylation assays. Additionally, a striking increase in baseline macroautophagy levels was seen in cells from PD subjects. Exposure of the skin fibroblasts to physiologically relevant stress, specifically ultraviolet irradiation (UVA), further exaggerated the autophagic dysfunction in the PD cells. Moreover, the PD fibroblasts accumulated higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) coupled with lower cell viability upon UVA treatment. In essence, these studies highlight primary skin fibroblasts as a patient-relevant model that captures fundamental PD molecular mechanisms, and supports their potential utility to develop diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji M. Y. Teves
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Applied Biosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vedanshi Bhargava
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Undergraduate Program, Undergraduate Biology Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Konner R. Kirwan
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Undergraduate Program, Undergraduate Biology Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Mandi J. Corenblum
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rebecca Justiniano
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Annadurai Anandhan
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Andrew J. Flores
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - David A. Schipper
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Zain Khalpey
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - James E. Sligh
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Scott J. Sherman
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,The Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,*Correspondence: Lalitha Madhavan
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Loos B, Klionsky DJ, Wong E. Augmenting brain metabolism to increase macro- and chaperone-mediated autophagy for decreasing neuronal proteotoxicity and aging. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 156:90-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tyson T, Senchuk M, Cooper JF, George S, Van Raamsdonk JM, Brundin P. Novel animal model defines genetic contributions for neuron-to-neuron transfer of α-synuclein. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7506. [PMID: 28790319 PMCID: PMC5548897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell spreading of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) is suggested to contribute to the progression of neuropathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Compelling evidence supports the hypothesis that misfolded α-syn transmits from neuron-to-neuron and seeds aggregation of the protein in the recipient cells. Furthermore, α-syn frequently appears to propagate in the brains of PD patients following a stereotypic pattern consistent with progressive spreading along anatomical pathways. We have generated a C. elegans model that mirrors this progression and allows us to monitor α-syn neuron-to-neuron transmission in a live animal over its lifespan. We found that modulation of autophagy or exo/endocytosis, affects α-syn transfer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that silencing C. elegans orthologs of PD-related genes also increases the accumulation of α-syn. This novel worm model is ideal for screening molecules and genes to identify those that modulate prion-like spreading of α-syn in order to target novel strategies for disease modification in PD and other synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Tyson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
| | - Megan Senchuk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason F Cooper
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Sonia George
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeremy M Van Raamsdonk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Patrik Brundin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
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Colonic Oxidative and Mitochondrial Function in Parkinson's Disease and Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 2017:9816095. [PMID: 28660090 PMCID: PMC5474269 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9816095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine potential mitochondrial and oxidative alterations in colon biopsies from idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects. METHODS Colonic biopsies from 7 iRBD subjects, 9 subjects with clinically diagnosed PD, and 9 healthy controls were homogenized in 5% w/v mannitol. Citrate synthase (CS) and complex I (CI) were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Oxidative damage was assessed either by lipid peroxidation, through malondialdehyde and hydroxyalkenal content by spectrophotometry, or through antioxidant enzyme levels of superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1), and catalase (CAT) by western blot. The presence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions was assessed by long PCR and electrophoresis. RESULTS Nonsignificant trends to CI decrease in both iRBD (45.69 ± 18.15; 23% decrease) and PD patients (37.57 ± 12.41; 37% decrease) were found compared to controls (59.51 ± 12.52, p: NS). Lipid peroxidation was maintained among groups (iRBD: 27.46 ± 3.04, PD: 37.2 ± 3.92, and controls: 31.71 ± 3.94; p: NS). Antioxidant enzymes SOD2 (iRBD: 2.30 ± 0.92, PD: 1.48 ± 0.39, and controls: 1.09 ± 0.318) and Gpx1 (iRBD 0.29 ± 0.12, PD: 0.56 ± 0.33, and controls: 0.38 ± 0.16) did not show significant differences between groups. CAT was only detected in 2 controls and 1 iRBD subject. One iRBD patient presented a single mtDNA deletion.
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Xie M, Li Y, Wang SH, Yu QT, Meng X, Liao XM. The Involvement of NR2B and tau Protein in MG132-Induced CREB Dephosphorylation. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 62:154-162. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is an insidious disorder affecting more than 1-2% of the population over the age of 65. Understanding the etiology of PD may create opportunities for developing new treatments. Genomic and transcriptomic studies are useful, but do not provide evidence for the actual status of the disease. Conversely, proteomic studies deal with proteins, which are real time players, and can hence provide information on the dynamic nature of the affected cells. The number of publications relating to the proteomics of PD is vast. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the current proteomics literature and establish the connections between the past and the present to foresee the future. Areas covered: PubMed and Web of Science were used to retrieve the literature associated with PD proteomics. Studies using human samples, model organisms and cell lines were selected and reviewed to highlight their contributions to PD. Expert commentary: The proteomic studies associated with PD achieved only limited success in facilitating disease diagnosis, monitoring and progression. A global system biology approach using new models is needed. Future research should integrate the findings of proteomics with other omics data to facilitate both early diagnosis and the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kasap
- a Department of Medical Biology/DEKART Proteomics Laboratory , Kocaeli University Medical School , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Gurler Akpinar
- a Department of Medical Biology/DEKART Proteomics Laboratory , Kocaeli University Medical School , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Aylin Kanli
- a Department of Medical Biology/DEKART Proteomics Laboratory , Kocaeli University Medical School , Kocaeli , Turkey
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Ottolini D, Calí T, Szabò I, Brini M. Alpha-synuclein at the intracellular and the extracellular side: functional and dysfunctional implications. Biol Chem 2017; 398:77-100. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is an abundant neuronal protein whose physiological function, even if still not completely understood, has been consistently related to synaptic function and vesicle trafficking. A group of disorders known as synucleinopathies, among which Parkinson’s disease (PD), is deeply associated with the misfolding and aggregation of α-syn, which can give rise to proteinaceous inclusion known as Lewy bodies (LB). Proteostasis stress is a relevant aspect in these diseases and, currently, the presence of oligomeric α-syn species rather than insoluble aggregated forms, appeared to be associated with cytotoxicity. Many observations suggest that α-syn is responsible for neurodegeneration by interfering with multiple signaling pathways. α-syn protein can directly form plasma membrane channels or modify with their activity, thus altering membrane permeability to ions, abnormally associate with mitochondria and cause mitochondrial dysfunction (i.e. mitochondrial depolarization, Ca2+ dys-homeostasis, cytochrome c release) and interfere with autophagy regulation. The picture is further complicated by the fact that single point mutations, duplications and triplication in α-syn gene are linked to autosomal dominant forms of PD. In this review we discuss the multi-faced aspect of α-syn biology and address the main hypothesis at the basis of its involvement in neuronal degeneration.
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Tyson T, Steiner JA, Brundin P. Sorting out release, uptake and processing of alpha-synuclein during prion-like spread of pathology. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:275-289. [PMID: 26617280 PMCID: PMC4958606 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that is characterized by the formation of intracellular protein inclusion bodies composed primarily of a misfolded and aggregated form of the protein α-synuclein. There is growing evidence that supports the prion-like hypothesis of α-synuclein progression. This hypothesis postulates that α-synuclein is a prion-like pathological agent and is responsible for the progression of Parkinson pathology in the brain. Potential misfolding or aggregation of α-synuclein that might occur in the peripheral nervous system as a result of some insult, environmental or genetic (or more likely a combination of both) that might spread into the midbrain, eventually causing degeneration of the neurons in the substantia nigra. As the disease progresses further, it is likely that α-synuclein pathology continues to spread throughout the brain, including the cortex, leading to deterioration of cognition and higher brain functions. While it is unknown why α-synuclein initially misfolds and aggregates, a great deal has been learned about how the cell handles aberrant α-synuclein assemblies. In this review, we focus on these mechanisms and discuss them in an attempt to define the role that they might play in the propagation of misfolded α-synuclein from cell-to-cell. The prion-like hypothesis of α-synuclein pathology suggests a method for the transmission of misfolded α-synuclein from one neuron to another. This hypothesis postulates that misfolded α-synuclein becomes aggregation prone and when released and taken up by neighboring cells, seeds further misfolding and aggregation. In this review we examine the cellular mechanisms that are involved in the processing of α-synuclein and how these may contribute to the prion-like propagation of α-synuclein pathology. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Tyson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer A Steiner
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Patrik Brundin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
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Ayyadevara S, Mercanti F, Wang X, Mackintosh SG, Tackett AJ, Prayaga SVS, Romeo F, Shmookler Reis RJ, Mehta JL. Age- and Hypertension-Associated Protein Aggregates in Mouse Heart Have Similar Proteomic Profiles. Hypertension 2016; 67:1006-13. [PMID: 26975704 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are largely defined by protein aggregates in affected tissues. Aggregates contain some shared components as well as proteins thought to be specific for each disease. Aggregation has not previously been reported in the normal, aging heart or the hypertensive heart. Detergent-insoluble protein aggregates were isolated from mouse heart and characterized on 2-dimensional gels. Their levels increased markedly and significantly with aging and after sustained angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Of the aggregate components identified by high-resolution proteomics, half changed in abundance with age (392/787) or with sustained hypertension (459/824), whereas 30% (273/901) changed concordantly in both, each P<0.05. One fifth of these proteins were previously associated with age-progressive neurodegenerative or cardiovascular diseases, or both (eg, ApoE, ApoJ, ApoAIV, clusterin, complement C3, and others involved in stress-response and protein-homeostasis pathways). Because fibrosis is a characteristic of both aged and hypertensive hearts, we posited that aging of fibroblasts may contribute to the aggregates observed in cardiac tissue. Indeed, as cardiac myofibroblasts "senesced" (approached their replicative limit) in vitro, they accrued aggregates with many of the same constituent proteins observed in vivo during natural aging or sustained hypertension. In summary, we have shown for the first time that compact (detergent-insoluble) protein aggregates accumulate during natural aging, chronic hypertension, and in vitro myofibroblast senescence, sharing many common proteins. Thus, aggregates that arise from disparate causes (aging, hypertension, and replicative senescence) may have common underlying mechanisms of accrual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Ayyadevara
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.).
| | - Federico Mercanti
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Xianwei Wang
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Samuel G Mackintosh
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Alan J Tackett
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Sastry V S Prayaga
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Francesco Romeo
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.)
| | - Robert J Shmookler Reis
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.).
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- From the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock (S.A., F.M., X.W., R.J.S.R., J.L.M.); Department of Geriatrics (S.A., R.J.S.R.), Division of Cardiology (F.M., X.W., S.V.S.P., J.L.M.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (S.G.M., A.J.T., R.J.S.R.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock; and Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy (F.M., F.R.).
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Yang J, Hertz E, Zhang X, Leinartaité L, Lundius EG, Li J, Svenningsson P. Overexpression of α-synuclein simultaneously increases glutamate NMDA receptor phosphorylation and reduces glucocerebrosidase activity. Neurosci Lett 2015; 611:51-8. [PMID: 26610904 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn)-containing protein aggregates throughout the nervous system is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). The mechanisms whereby α-syn exerts neurodegeneration remain to be fully understood. Here we show that overexpression of α-syn in transgenic mice leads to increased phosphorylation of glutamate NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunits NR1 and NR2B in substantia nigra and striatum as well as reduced glucocerebrosidase (GCase) levels. Similarly, molecular studies performed in mouse N2A cells stably overexpressing human α-syn ((α-syn)N2A) showed that phosphorylation states of the same NMDAR subunits were increased, whereas GCase levels and lysosomal GCase activity were reduced. (α-syn)N2A cells showed an increased sensitivity to neurotoxicity towards 6-hydroxydopamine and NMDA. However, wildtype N2A, but not (α-syn)N2A cells, showed a further reduction in viability when co-incubated with 6-hydroxydopamine and the lysosomal inhibitors NH4Cl and leupeptin, suggesting that α-syn per se perturbs lysosomal functions. NMDA treatment reduced lysosomal GCase activity to the same extent in (α-syn)N2A cells as in wildtype N2A cells, indicating that the α-syn-dependent difference in NMDA neurotoxicity is unrelated to an altered GCase activity. Nevertheless, these data provide molecular evidence that overexpression of α-syn simultaneously induces two potential neurotoxic hits by increasing glutamate NMDA receptor phosphorylation, consistent with increased NMDA receptors functionality, and reducing GCase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Yang
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ellen Hertz
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden
| | - Lina Leinartaité
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden
| | - Ebba Gregorsson Lundius
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Mental Health Center, Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin 300222, China.
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden.
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Villamil-Ortiz JG, Cardona-Gomez GP. Comparative analysis of autophagy and tauopathy related markers in cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease animal models. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:84. [PMID: 26042033 PMCID: PMC4436888 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral ischemia (CI) are neuropathologies that are characterized by aggregates of tau protein, a hallmark of cognitive disorder and dementia. Protein accumulation can be induced by autophagic failure. Autophagy is a metabolic pathway involved in the homeostatic recycling of cellular components. However, the role of autophagy in those tauopathies remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis to identify autophagy related markers in tauopathy generated by AD and CI during short-term, intermediate, and long-term progression using the 3xTg-AD mouse model (aged 6,12, and 18 months) and the global CI 2-VO (2-Vessel Occlusion) rat model (1,15, and 30 days post-ischemia). Our findings confirmed neuronal loss and hyperphosphorylated tau aggregation in the somatosensory cortex (SS-Cx) of the 3xTg-AD mice in the late stage (aged 18 months), which was supported by a failure in autophagy. These results were in contrast to those obtained in the SS-Cx of the CI rats, in which we detected neuronal loss and tauopathy at 1 and 15 days post-ischemia, and this phenomenon was reversed at 30 days. We proposed that this phenomenon was associated with autophagy induction in the late stage, since the data showed a decrease in p-mTOR activity, an association of Beclin-1 and Vps34, a progressive reduction in PHF-1, an increase in LC3B puncta and autophago-lysosomes formation were observed. Furthermore, the survival pathways remained unaffected. Together, our comparative study suggest that autophagy could ameliorates tauopathy in CI but not in AD, suggesting a differential temporal approach to the induction of neuroprotection and the prevention of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria P. Cardona-Gomez
- *Correspondence: Gloria P. Cardona-Gomez, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Calle 62 #52–59, Torre 1, Piso 4, Laboratorio 412, Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Jahromi SR, Haddadi M, Shivanandappa T, Ramesh SR. Attenuation of neuromotor deficits by natural antioxidants of Decalepis hamiltonii in transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2015; 293:136-50. [PMID: 25754960 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be a major factor for the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we have investigated oxidative status in transgenic Drosophila model of PD. Our results revealed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in A30P and A53T α-synuclein PD model flies compared to control. We have demonstrated for the first time the ameliorating potential of natural antioxidants characterized from the roots of Dh in A30P and A53T α-synuclein PD model flies. Feeding of transgenic flies with aqueous Dh root extract for 21 days significantly improved their climbing ability and circadian rhythm of locomotor activity which was associated with reduction in levels of ROS and LPO and enhancement in the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Dh protected against paraquat (PQ) sensitivity in α-synuclein transgenic flies and delayed the onset of PD-like symptoms which appears to be mediated by suppression of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Jahromi
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - M Haddadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - T Shivanandappa
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - S R Ramesh
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India.
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Hydrodynamic size-based separation and characterization of protein aggregates from total cell lysates. Nat Protoc 2014; 10:134-48. [PMID: 25521790 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe a protocol that uses hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation (FFF) coupled with multiangle light scattering (MALS) for hydrodynamic size-based separation and characterization of complex protein aggregates. The fractionation method, which requires 1.5 h to run, was successfully modified from the analysis of protein aggregates, as found in simple protein mixtures, to complex aggregates, as found in total cell lysates. In contrast to other related methods (filter assay, analytical ultracentrifugation, gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography), hollow-fiber flow FFF coupled with MALS allows a flow-based fractionation of highly purified protein aggregates and simultaneous measurement of their molecular weight, r.m.s. radius and molecular conformation (e.g., round, rod-shaped, compact or relaxed). The polyethersulfone hollow fibers used, which have a 0.8-mm inner diameter, allow separation of as little as 20 μg of total cell lysates. In addition, the ability to run the samples in different denaturing and nondenaturing buffer allows defining true aggregates from artifacts, which can form during sample preparation. The protocol was set up using Paraquat-induced carbonylation, a model that induces protein aggregation in cultured cells. This technique will advance the biochemical, proteomic and biophysical characterization of molecular-weight aggregates associated with protein mutations, as found in many CNS degenerative diseases, or chronic oxidative stress, as found in aging, and chronic metabolic and inflammatory conditions.
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The amazing ubiquitin-proteasome system: structural components and implication in aging. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 314:171-237. [PMID: 25619718 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteome quality control (PQC) is critical for the maintenance of cellular functionality and it is assured by the curating activity of the proteostasis network (PN). PN is constituted of several complex protein machines that under conditions of proteome instability aim to, firstly identify, and then, either rescue or degrade nonnative polypeptides. Central to the PN functionality is the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) which is composed from the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the proteasome; the latter is a sophisticated multi-subunit molecular machine that functions in a bimodal way as it degrades both short-lived ubiquitinated normal proteins and nonfunctional polypeptides. UPS is also involved in PQC of the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria and it also interacts with the other main cellular degradation axis, namely the autophagy-lysosome system. UPS functionality is optimum in the young organism but it is gradually compromised during aging resulting in increasing proteotoxic stress; these effects correlate not only with aging but also with most age-related diseases. Herein, we present a synopsis of the UPS components and of their functional alterations during cellular senescence or in vivo aging. We propose that mild UPS activation in the young organism will, likely, promote antiaging effects and/or suppress age-related diseases.
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Dujardin S, Bégard S, Caillierez R, Lachaud C, Delattre L, Carrier S, Loyens A, Galas MC, Bousset L, Melki R, Aurégan G, Hantraye P, Brouillet E, Buée L, Colin M. Ectosomes: a new mechanism for non-exosomal secretion of tau protein. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100760. [PMID: 24971751 PMCID: PMC4074092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies. Recently, studies have suggested that Tau may be secreted and play a role in neural network signalling. However, once deregulated, secreted Tau may also participate in the spreading of Tau pathology in hierarchical pathways of neurodegeneration. The mechanisms underlying neuron-to-neuron Tau transfer are still unknown; given the known role of extra-cellular vesicles in cell-to-cell communication, we wondered whether these vesicles could carry secreted Tau. We found, among vesicles, that Tau is predominately secreted in ectosomes, which are plasma membrane-originating vesicles, and when it accumulates, the exosomal pathway is activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Dujardin
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Bégard
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Raphaëlle Caillierez
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Cédrick Lachaud
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Delattre
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Carrier
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Anne Loyens
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Galas
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
- CMRR, CHR, Lille, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- Laboratoire d′Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, UPR 3082 CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratoire d′Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, UPR 3082 CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gwennaëlle Aurégan
- Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Institute of Biomedical Imaging (I2BM), Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- CNRS, URA2210, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Philippe Hantraye
- Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Institute of Biomedical Imaging (I2BM), Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- CNRS, URA2210, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Emmanuel Brouillet
- Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Institute of Biomedical Imaging (I2BM), Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- CNRS, URA2210, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
- CMRR, CHR, Lille, France
- * E-mail: (MC); (LB)
| | - Morvane Colin
- Inserm, UMR837, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, IMPRT, JPARC, Lille, France
- CMRR, CHR, Lille, France
- * E-mail: (MC); (LB)
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Xie M, Shi R, Pan Y, Zeng T, Chen Q, Wang S, Liao X. Proteasome Inhibition-Induced Downregulation of Akt/GSK-3β Pathway Contributes to Abnormality of Tau in Hippocampal Slice. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:888-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Alberio T, Bondi H, Colombo F, Alloggio I, Pieroni L, Urbani A, Fasano M. Mitochondrial proteomics investigation of a cellular model of impaired dopamine homeostasis, an early step in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:1332-44. [PMID: 24675778 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70611g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Impaired dopamine homeostasis is an early event in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species consequent to dopamine oxidation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and eventually cell death. Alterations in the mitochondrial proteome due to dopamine exposure were investigated in the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. The combination of two orthogonal proteomic approaches, two-dimensional electrophoresis and shotgun proteomics (proteomeXchange dataset PXD000838), was used to highlight the specific pathways perturbed by the increase of intracellular dopamine, in comparison with those perturbed by a specific mitochondrial toxin (4-methylphenylpyridinium, MPP(+)), a neurotoxin causing Parkinsonism-like symptoms in animal models. Proteins altered by MPP(+) did not completely overlap with those affected by dopamine treatment. In particular, the MPP(+) target complex I component NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3 was not affected by dopamine together with 26 other proteins. The comparison of proteomics approaches highlighted the fragmentation of some mitochondrial proteins, suggesting an alteration of the mitochondrial protease activity. Pathway and disease association analysis of the proteins affected by dopamine revealed the overrepresentation of the Parkinson's disease and the parkin-ubiquitin proteasomal system pathways and of gene ontologies associated with generation of precursor metabolites and energy, response to topologically incorrect proteins and programmed cell death. These alterations may be globally interpreted in part as the result of a direct effect of dopamine on mitochondria (e.g. alteration of the mitochondrial protease activity) and in part as the effect on mitochondria of a general activation of cellular processes (e.g. regulation of programmed cell death).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Alberio
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, Italy.
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Argyropoulou A, Aligiannis N, Trougakos IP, Skaltsounis AL. Natural compounds with anti-ageing activity. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 30:1412-37. [PMID: 24056714 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70031c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex molecular process driven by diverse molecular pathways and biochemical events that are promoted by both environmental and genetic factors. Specifically, ageing is defined as a time-dependent decline of functional capacity and stress resistance, associated with increased chance of morbidity and mortality. These effects relate to age-related gradual accumulation of stressors that result in increasingly damaged biomolecules which eventually compromise cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, the findings that genetic or diet interventions can increase lifespan in evolutionarily diverse organisms indicate that mortality can be postponed. Natural compounds represent an extraordinary inventory of high diversity structural scaffolds that can offer promising candidate chemical entities in the major healthcare challenge of increasing health span and/or delaying ageing. Herein, those natural compounds (either pure forms or extracts) that have been found to delay cellular senescence or in vivo ageing will be critically reviewed and summarized according to affected cellular signalling pathways. Moreover, the chemical structures of the identified natural compounds along with the profile of extracts related to their bioactive components will be presented and discussed. Finally, novel potential molecular targets for screening natural compounds for anti-ageing activity, as well as the idea that anti-ageing interventions represent a systemic approach that is also effective against age-related diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
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Adams GR, Bamman MM. Characterization and regulation of mechanical loading-induced compensatory muscle hypertrophy. Compr Physiol 2013; 2:2829-70. [PMID: 23720267 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c110066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian systems, skeletal muscle exists in a dynamic state that monitors and regulates the physiological investment in muscle size to meet the current level of functional demand. This review attempts to consolidate current knowledge concerning development of the compensatory hypertrophy that occurs in response to a sustained increase in the mechanical loading of skeletal muscle. Topics covered include: defining and measuring compensatory hypertrophy, experimental models, loading stimulus parameters, acute responses to increased loading, hyperplasia, myofiber-type adaptations, the involvement of satellite cells, mRNA translational control, mechanotransduction, and endocrinology. The authors conclude with their impressions of current knowledge gaps in the field that are ripe for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Adams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
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Ortega-Arellano HF, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Velez-Pardo C. Dmp53, basket and drICE gene knockdown and polyphenol gallic acid increase life span and locomotor activity in a Drosophila Parkinson's disease model. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:608-15. [PMID: 24385865 PMCID: PMC3873193 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism(s) by which dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons are eroded in Parkinson's disease (PD) is critical for effective therapeutic strategies. By using the binary tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-Gal4/UAS-X RNAi Drosophila melanogaster system, we report that Dmp53, basket and drICE gene knockdown in dopaminergic neurons prolong life span (p < 0.05; log-rank test) and locomotor activity (p < 0.05; χ(2) test) in D. melanogaster lines chronically exposed to (1 mM) paraquat (PQ, oxidative stress (OS) generator) compared to untreated transgenic fly lines. Likewise, knockdown flies displayed higher climbing performance than control flies. Amazingly, gallic acid (GA) significantly protected DAergic neurons, ameliorated life span, and climbing abilities in knockdown fly lines treated with PQ compared to flies treated with PQ only. Therefore, silencing specific gene(s) involved in neuronal death might constitute an excellent tool to study the response of DAergic neurons to OS stimuli. We propose that a therapy with antioxidants and selectively "switching off" death genes in DAergic neurons could provide a means for pre-clinical PD individuals to significantly ameliorate their disease condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Flavio Ortega-Arellano
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Marlene Jimenez-Del-Rio
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
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Casadei N, Pöhler AM, Tomás-Zapico C, Torres-Peraza J, Schwedhelm I, Witz A, Zamolo I, De Heer R, Spruijt B, Noldus LPJJ, Klucken J, Lucas JJ, Kahle PJ, Krüger R, Riess O, Nuber S. Overexpression of synphilin-1 promotes clearance of soluble and misfolded alpha-synuclein without restoring the motor phenotype in aged A30P transgenic mice. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:767-81. [PMID: 24064336 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lewy bodies and neurites are the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. These structures are composed of fibrillized and ubiquitinated alpha-synuclein suggesting that impaired protein clearance is an important event in aggregate formation. The A30P mutation is known for its fast oligomerization, but slow fibrillization rate. Despite its toxicity to neurons, mechanisms involved in either clearance or conversion of A30P alpha-synuclein from its soluble state into insoluble fibrils and their effects in vivo are poorly understood. Synphilin-1 is present in Lewy bodies, interacting with alpha-synuclein in vivo and in vitro and promotes its sequestration into aggresomes, which are thought to act as cytoprotective agents facilitating protein degradation. We therefore crossed animals overexpressing A30P alpha-synuclein with synphilin-1 transgenic mice to analyze its impact on aggregation, protein clearance and phenotype progression. We observed that co-expression of synphilin-1 mildly delayed the motor phenotype caused by A30P alpha-synuclein. Additionally, the presence of N- and C-terminal truncated alpha-synuclein species and fibrils were strongly reduced in double-transgenic mice when compared with single-transgenic A30P mice. Insolubility of mutant A30P and formation of aggresomes was still detectable in aged double-transgenic mice, paralleled by an increase of ubiquitinated proteins and high autophagic activity. Hence, this study supports the notion that co-expression of synphilin-1 promotes formation of autophagic-susceptible aggresomes and consecutively the degradation of human A30P alpha-synuclein. Notably, although synphilin-1 overexpression significantly reduced formation of fibrils and astrogliosis in aged animals, a similar phenotype is present in single- and double-transgenic mice suggesting additional neurotoxic processes in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative disorders of the central nervous system that produces motor and non-motor symptoms. The majority of cases are idiopathic and characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies containing fibrillar α-synuclein. Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) immunoreactivity was observed among others in cases with PD. Key disease-associated proteins are SUMO-modified, linking this posttranslational modification to neurodegeneration. SUMOylation and SUMO-mediated mechanisms have been intensively studied in recent years, revealing nuclear and extranuclear functions for SUMO in a variety of cellular processes, including the regulation of transcriptional activity, modulation of signal transduction pathways, and response to cellular stress. This points to a role for SUMO more than just an antagonist to ubiquitin and proteasomal degradation. The identification of risk and age-at-onset gene loci was a breakthrough in PD and promoted the understanding of molecular mechanisms in the pathology. PD has been increasingly linked with mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitochondrial quality control. Interestingly, SUMO is involved in many of these processes and up-regulated in response to cellular stress, further emphasizing the importance of SUMOylation in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Eckermann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Waldweg 33, 37073, Goettingen, Germany,
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Sepe S, Payan-Gomez C, Milanese C, Hoeijmakers JH, Mastroberardino PG. Nucleotide excision repair in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:568-77. [PMID: 23726220 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Impaired DNA repair involving the nucleotide excision repair (NER)/transcription-coupled repair (TCR) pathway cause human pathologies associated with severe neurological symptoms. These clinical observations suggest that defective NER/TCR might also play a critical role in chronic neurodegenerative disorders (ND), such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Involvement of NER/TCR in these disorders is also substantiated by the evidence that aging constitutes the principal risk factor for chronic ND and that this DNA repair mechanism is very relevant for the aging process itself. Our understanding of the exact role of NER/TCR in chronic ND, however, is extremely rudimentary; while there is no doubt that defective NER/TCR can lead to neuronal death, evidence for its participation in the etiopathogenesis of ND is inconclusive thus far. Here we summarize the experimental observations supporting a role for NER/TCR in chronic ND and suggest questions and lines of investigation that might help in addressing this important issue. We also present a preliminary yet unprecedented meta-analysis on human brain microarray data to understand the expression levels of the various NER factors in the anatomical areas relevant for chronic ND pathogenesis. In summary, this review intends to highlight elements supporting a role of NER/TCR in these devastating disorders and to propose potential strategies of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sepe
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Bahnassawy L, Nicklas S, Palm T, Menzl I, Birzele F, Gillardon F, Schwamborn JC. The parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 mutation R1441G inhibits neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2487-96. [PMID: 23600457 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene cause familial as well as sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) that is characterized by an age-dependent degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. LRRK2 is strongly expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs), but still the exact molecular function of LRRK2 in these cells remains unknown. By performing a systemic analysis of the gene expression profile of LRRK2-deficient NSCs, we found that the expression of several PD-associated genes, such as oxidation and reduction in mitochondria, are deregulated on LRRK2 absence. Our data, indeed, indicate that LRRK2 regulates the level of cellular oxidative stress and thereby influences the survival of NSCs. Furthermore, the lack of LRRK2 leads to an up-regulation of neuronal differentiation-inducing processes, including the Let-7a pathway. On the other hand, the constitutive mutant of LRRK2(R1441G), known to cause PD, leads to down-regulation of the same pathway. In agreement with the function of Let-7a during neuronal differentiation, LRRK2-deficient NSCs differentiate faster than wild-type cells, while LRRK2(R1441G)-expressing NSCs show impaired neuronal differentiation. These results might help better characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of LRRK2 in NSCs and would further improve potential cell-replacement strategies as well as drug discovery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia'a Bahnassawy
- Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration Group, ZMBE, Institute of Cell Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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