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Muñoz J, de Santos-Rico R, Mena L, Monje CA. Humanoid Head Camera Stabilization Using a Soft Robotic Neck and a Robust Fractional Order Controller. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:219. [PMID: 38667231 PMCID: PMC11048281 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a new approach for head camera stabilization of a humanoid robot head is proposed, based on a bio-inspired soft neck. During walking, the sensors located on the humanoid's head (cameras or inertial measurement units) show disturbances caused by the torso inclination changes inherent to this process. This is currently solved by a software correction of the measurement, or by a mechanical correction by motion cancellation. Instead, we propose a novel mechanical correction, based on strategies observed in different animals, by means of a soft neck, which is used to provide more natural and compliant head movements. Since the neck presents a complex kinematic model and nonlinear behavior due to its soft nature, the approach requires a robust control solution. Two different control approaches are addressed: a classical PID controller and a fractional order controller. For the validation of the control approaches, an extensive set of experiments is performed, including real movements of the humanoid, different head loading conditions or transient disturbances. The results show the superiority of the fractional order control approach, which provides higher robustness and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Muñoz
- Center for Automation and Robotics, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl de Santos-Rico
- Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.S.-R.); (L.M.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Lisbeth Mena
- Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.S.-R.); (L.M.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Concepción A. Monje
- Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.S.-R.); (L.M.); (C.A.M.)
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Sarasso E, Emedoli D, Gardoni A, Zenere L, Canu E, Basaia S, Doretti A, Ticozzi N, Iannaccone S, Amadio S, Del Carro U, Filippi M, Agosta F. Cervical motion alterations and brain functional connectivity in cervical dystonia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:106015. [PMID: 38325256 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evaluating the neural correlates of sensorimotor control deficits in cervical dystonia (CD) is fundamental to plan the best treatment. This study aims to assess kinematic and resting-state functional connectivity (RS-FC) characteristics in CD patients relative to healthy controls. METHODS Seventeen CD patients and 14 age-/sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Electromagnetic sensors were used to evaluate dystonic pattern, mean/maximal cervical movement amplitude and joint position error with eyes open and closed, and movement quality during target reaching with the head. RS-fMRI was acquired to compare the FC of brain sensorimotor regions between patients and controls. In patients, correlations between motion analysis and FC data were assessed. RESULTS CD patients relative to controls showed reduced mean and maximal cervical range of motion (RoM) in rotation both towards and against dystonia pattern and reduced total RoM in rotation both with eyes open and closed. They had less severe dystonia pattern with eyes open vs eyes closed. CD patients showed an altered movement quality and sensorimotor control during target reaching and a higher joint position error. Compared to controls, CD patients showed reduced FC between supplementary motor area (SMA), occipital and cerebellar areas, which correlated with lower cervical RoM in rotation both with eyes open and closed and with worse movement quality during target reaching. CONCLUSIONS FC alterations between SMA and occipital and cerebellar areas may represent the neural basis of cervical sensorimotor control deficits in CD patients. Electromagnetic sensors and RS-fMRI might be promising tools to monitor CD and assess the efficacy of rehabilitative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sarasso
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Emedoli
- Department of Rehabilitation and Functional Recovery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gardoni
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Zenere
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Basaia
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Doretti
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Iannaccone
- Department of Rehabilitation and Functional Recovery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Amadio
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Del Carro
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
Smoothness (i.e. non-intermittency) of movement is a clinically important property of the voluntary movement with accuracy and proper speed. Resting head position and head voluntary movements are impaired in cervical dystonia. The current work aims to evaluate if the smoothness of voluntary head rotations is reduced in this disease. Twenty-six cervical dystonia patients and 26 controls completed rightward and leftward head rotations. Patients’ movements were differentiated into “towards-dystonia” (rotation accentuated the torticollis) and “away-dystonia”. Smoothness was quantified by the angular jerk and arc length of the spectrum of angular speed (i.e. SPARC, arbitrary units). Movement amplitude (mean, 95% CI) on the horizontal plane was larger in controls (63.8°, 58.3°–69.2°) than patients when moving towards-dystonia (52.8°, 46.3°–59.4°; P = 0.006). Controls’ movements (49.4°/s, 41.9–56.9°/s) were faster than movements towards-dystonia (31.6°/s, 25.2–37.9°/s; P < 0.001) and away-dystonia (29.2°/s, 22.9–35.5°/s; P < 0.001). After taking into account the different amplitude and speed, SPARC-derived (but not jerk-derived) indices showed reduced smoothness in patients rotating away-dystonia (1.48, 1.35–1.61) compared to controls (1.88, 1.72–2.03; P < 0.001). Poor smoothness is a motor disturbance independent of movement amplitude and speed in cervical dystonia. Therefore, it should be assessed when evaluating this disease, its progression, and treatments.
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Muñoz J, Monje CA, Nagua LF, Balaguer C. A graphical tuning method for fractional order controllers based on iso-slope phase curves. ISA TRANSACTIONS 2020; 105:296-307. [PMID: 32493576 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2020.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fractional order controllers are widely used in the robust control field. As a generalization of the ubiquitous PID controllers, fractional order controllers are able to reach design specifications their integer counterparts cannot, and as a result they outperform them at particular situations. Their main drawback is that generalization of the design tools is not always evident, and therefore tuning this kind of controller is always a new and different challenge. Existing methods often use numerical computation to find the controller parameters that fit the specifications. This paper describes a graphical solution for fractional order controllers, which avoids the solution by nonlinear equations and helps designer to solve the control problem in a very intuitive way. This approach is tested in the servomotors of a real bio-inspired soft neck and results are compared with those obtained from other control strategies. The experiments show that the controller tuned by this method works as expected from a robust controller and that this approach is very competitive compared to other state of the art methods, while offering a more simplified and direct tuning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Muñoz
- University Carlos III of Madrid, RoboticsLab, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Concepción A Monje
- University Carlos III of Madrid, RoboticsLab, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis F Nagua
- University Carlos III of Madrid, RoboticsLab, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Balaguer
- University Carlos III of Madrid, RoboticsLab, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
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Avanzino L, Cherif A, Crisafulli O, Carbone F, Zenzeri J, Morasso P, Abbruzzese G, Pelosin E, Konczak J. Tactile and proprioceptive dysfunction differentiates cervical dystonia with and without tremor. Neurology 2020; 94:e639-e650. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000008916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine whether different phenotypes of cervical dystonia (CD) express different types and levels of somatosensory impairment.MethodsWe assessed somatosensory function in patients with CD with and without tremor (n = 12 each) and in healthy age-matched controls (n = 22) by measuring tactile temporal discrimination thresholds of the nondystonic forearm and proprioceptive acuity in both the dystonic (head/neck) and nondystonic body segments (forearm/hand) using a joint position‐matching task. The head or the wrist was passively displaced along different axes to distinct joint positions by the experimenter or through a robotic exoskeleton. Participants actively reproduced the experienced joint position, and the absolute joint position‐matching error between the target and the reproduced positions served as a marker of proprioceptive acuity.ResultsTactile temporal discrimination thresholds were significantly elevated in both CD subgroups compared to controls. Proprioceptive acuity of both the dystonic and nondystonic body segments was elevated in patients with CD and tremor with respect to both healthy controls and patients with CD without tremor. That is, tactile abnormalities were a shared dysfunction of both CD phenotypes, while proprioceptive dysfunction was observed in patients with CD with tremor.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the pathophysiology in CD can be characterized by 2 abnormal neural processes: a dysfunctional somatosensory gating mechanism involving the basal ganglia that triggers involuntary muscle spasms and abnormal processing of proprioceptive information within a defective corticocerebellar loop, likely affecting the feedback and feedforward control of head positioning. This dysfunction is expressed mainly in CD with tremor.
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Kwon YT, Lee Y, Berkmen GK, Lim HR, Scorr L, Jinnah HA, Yeo WH. Soft Material-Enabled, Active Wireless, Thin-Film Bioelectronics for Quantitative Diagnostics of Cervical Dystonia. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2019; 4:1900458. [PMID: 33043125 PMCID: PMC7546326 DOI: 10.1002/admt.201900458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in flexible materials, nanomanufacturing, and system integration have provided a great opportunity to develop wearable flexible hybrid electronics for human healthcare, diagnostics, and therapeutics. However, existing medical devices still rely on rigid electronics with many wires and separate components, which hinders wireless, comfortable, continuous monitoring of health-related human motions. Here, we introduce advanced materials and system integration technologies that enable a soft, active wireless, thin-film bioelectronics. The low-modulus, highly flexible wearable electronic system incorporates a nanomembrane wireless circuit and functional chip components, enclosed by a soft elastomeric membrane. The bioelectronic system offers a gentle, seamless mounting on the skin, while offering a comfortable, highly sensitive and accurate detection of head movements. We utilize the wireless wearable hybrid system for quantitative diagnostics of cervical dystonia (CD) that is characterized by involuntary abnormal head postures and repetitive head movements, sometimes with neck muscle pain. A set of analytical and experimental studies shows a soft system packaging, hard-soft materials integration, and quantitative assessment of physiological signals detected by the SKINTRONICS. In vivo demonstration, involving ten human subjects, captures the device feasibility for use in CD measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Tae Kwon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yongkuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Gamze Kilic Berkmen
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hyo-Ryoung Lim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Laura Scorr
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, GA 30322, USA
| | - H A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, GA 30322, USA
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Bexander CSM, Hodges PW. Cervical Rotator Muscle Activity With Eye Movement at Different Speeds is Distorted in Whiplash. PM R 2019; 11:944-953. [PMID: 30609281 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) report difficulty with quick head movements and cervicoocular dysfunction. Changes in coordination between eye movement and neck muscle activity may be involved. OBJECTIVE To examine whether activity of superficial and deep neck muscles increases with eye movement when the head is held in a fixed position, whether this differs between directions and speed of eye movement, and whether this is modified in WAD. DESIGN Convenience case series with unmatched controls. SETTING Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Nine individuals with chronic WAD grade II and 11 pain-free controls. METHODS Electromyography (EMG) was recorded from muscles that could act to rotate the neck to the right (right obliquus capitis inferior [OI], multifidus [MF], splenius capitis [SC], and left sternocleidomastoid [SCM]) with intramuscular or surface electrodes in 9 WAD participants and 11 pain-free controls. Eyes were rotated without head movement to track slow and medium-speed targets to the right or left, and as fast as possible (FP). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Amplitude of EMG. RESULTS In controls, SCM and SC EMG increased with right gaze (all P's < .03). EMG of the deep OI muscle increased in both directions (P < .001). WAD involved counterintuitive greater activity of SCM with left rotation across speeds of eye movement (SC with slow movement, P < .036), decreased OI EMG with gaze left (P < .019), and no change in MF EMG (P < .6) in either gaze direction. For FP tasks, EMG of all muscles was greater than slower speeds in controls (all P's < .0001), but not WAD (all P's > .33). CONCLUSIONS Coordination between neck muscle activity and eye movements with increasing speed is modified in WAD. Contrasting changes are present in deep and superficial neck muscles with implications for neck function that may explain some common WAD symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina S M Bexander
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul W Hodges
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Park J, Yang KY, Lee J, Youn K, Lee J, Chung SG, Kim HC, Kim K. Objective Evaluation of Cervical Dystonia Using an Inertial Sensor-Based System. J Med Biol Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-018-0400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Pancani S, Tindale W, Shaw PJ, McDermott CJ, Mazzà C. An Objective Functional Characterisation of Head Movement Impairment in Individuals with Neck Muscle Weakness Due to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169019. [PMID: 28068376 PMCID: PMC5222498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck muscle weakness and head drop are well recognised in patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but an objective characterisation of the consequent head movement impairment is lacking. The aim of this study was to quantitatively characterise head movements in ALS compared to aged matched controls. Methods We evaluated two groups, one of thirteen patients with ALS and one of thirteen age-matched controls, during the execution of a series of controlled head movements, performed while wearing two inertial sensors attached on the forehead and sternum, respectively. We quantified the differences between the two groups from the sensor data using indices of velocity, smoothness and movement coupling (intended as a measure of undesired out of plane movements). Findings Results confirmed a general limitation in the ability of the ALS patients to perform and control head movements. High inter-patient variability was observed due to a wide range of observed functional impairment levels. The ability to extend the head backward and flex it laterally were the most compromised, with significantly lower angular velocity (P < 0.05, Cohen’s d > 0.8), reduced smoothness and greater presence of coupled movements with respect to the controls. A significant reduction of angular velocity (P < 0.05, Cohen’s d > 0.8) in extension, axial rotation and lateral flexion was observed when patients were asked to perform the movements as fast as possible. Interpretation This pilot study is the first study providing a functional objective quantification of head movements in ALS. Further work involving different body areas and correlation with existing methods of evaluating neuromuscular function, such as dynamometry and EMG, is needed to explore the use of this approach as a marker of disease progression in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pancani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Wendy Tindale
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. McDermott
- NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Mazzà
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Porcacchia P, Palomar FJ, Cáceres-Redondo MT, Huertas-Fernández I, Martín-Rodríguez JF, Carrillo F, Koch G, Mir P. Parieto-motor cortical dysfunction in primary cervical dystonia. Brain Stimul 2014; 7:650-7. [PMID: 25041687 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystonia is considered as a motor network disorder involving the dysfunction of the posterior parietal cortex, a region involved in preparing and executing reaching movements. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS We used transcranial magnetic stimulation to test the hypothesis that cervical dystonic patients may have a disrupted parieto-motor connectivity. METHODS We enrolled 14 patients with primary cervical dystonia and 14 controls. A paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol was applied over the right posterior parietal cortex and the right primary motor area. Changes in the amplitudes of motor evoked potential were analyzed as an index of parieto-motor effective connectivity. Patients and healthy subjects were also evaluated with a reaching task. Reaction and movement times were measured. RESULTS In healthy subjects, but not in dystonic patients, there was a facilitation of motor evoked potential amplitudes when the conditioning parietal stimulus preceded the test stimulus applied over the primary motor area by 4 ms. Reaction and movement times were significantly slower in patients than in controls. In dystonic patients, the relative strength of parieto-motor connectivity correlated with movement times. CONCLUSIONS Parieto-motor cortical connectivity is impaired in cervical dystonic patients. This neurophysiological trait is associated with slower reaching movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Porcacchia
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J Palomar
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - María T Cáceres-Redondo
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ismael Huertas-Fernández
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan F Martín-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Fátima Carrillo
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Laboratorio di Neurologia Clinica e Comportamentale, Fondazione S. Lucia I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.
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Bonnechère B, Salvia P, Dugailly PM, Maroye L, Van Geyt B, Feipel V. Influence of movement speed on cervical range of motion. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2014; 23:1688-93. [PMID: 24610237 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-014-3249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cervical range of motion (RoM) has been the subject of many studies. However, only very few of these studies have considered the influence of movement execution speed on the cervical kinematics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of movement speed on cervical RoM. METHOD Cervical RoM was recorded using an optoelectronic system; 32 healthy subjects performed movements in two modes: the best possible and as fast as possible. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary movements (flexion-extension, lateral bending, axial rotation) and coupled movements were studied. Paired Student's tests were performed to compare the two modes of movement. RESULTS The results showed that cervical RoM differed significantly between movement speeds. Amplitudes were higher for each movement (p < 0.001 for flexion-extension, p < 0.001 for lateral flexion, p = 0.008 for axial rotations) when movements were performed as quickly as possible. The range of movements carried out the best possible reached only 95% of those during movements carried out as fast as possible. Concerning coupled movements, an increase in rotational movements coupled to lateral flexion during fast movements was observed. CONCLUSION The range of motion reported in the literature corresponds to movement carried out in a mode resembling the best possible of our study. Movements made as quickly as possible can display larger motion ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium,
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Tsang SM, Szeto GP, Lee RY. Altered spinal kinematics and muscle recruitment pattern of the cervical and thoracic spine in people with chronic neck pain during functional task. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2014; 24:104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Duc C, Salvia P, Lubansu A, Feipel V, Aminian K. A wearable inertial system to assess the cervical spine mobility: comparison with an optoelectronic-based motion capture evaluation. Med Eng Phys 2013; 36:49-56. [PMID: 24075589 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In clinical settings, the cervical range of motion (ROM) is commonly used to assess cervical spine function. This study aimed at assessing cervical spine mobility based on head and thorax kinematics measured with a wearable inertial system (WS). Sequences of imposed active head movements (lateral bending, axial rotation and flexion-extension) were recorded in ten controls and 13 patients who had undergone an arthrodesis. Orientation of the head relative to the thorax was computed in terms of 3D helical angles and compared with the values obtained using an optoelectronic reference system (RS). Movement patterns from WS and RS showed excellent concurrent validity (CMC up to 1.00), but presented slight differences of bias (mean bias<2.5°) and dispersion (mean dispersion<4.2°). ROM obtained using WS also showed some differences compared to RS (mean difference<5.7°), within the range of those reported in literature. WS enabled the observation of the same significant differences between controls and patients as RS. Moreover, ROM from WS presented good test-retest repeatability (ICC between 0.63 and 0.99 and SEM<6.2°). In conclusion, WS can provide angles and ROM comparable to those obtained with RS and relevant for the cervical assessment after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Duc
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
| | - P Salvia
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - A Lubansu
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium; Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - V Feipel
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium; Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - K Aminian
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
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Movement coordination and differential kinematics of the cervical and thoracic spines in people with chronic neck pain. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2013; 28:610-7. [PMID: 23777907 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the kinematics and inter-regional coordination of movements between the cervical and thoracic spines in motion adds to our understanding of the performance and interplay of these spinal regions. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chronic neck pain on the three-dimensional kinematics and coordination of the cervical and thoracic spines during active movements of the neck. METHODS Three-dimensional spinal kinematics and movement coordination between the cervical, upper thoracic, and lower thoracic spines were examined by electromagnetic motion sensors in thirty-four individuals with chronic neck pain and thirty-four age- and gender-matched asymptomatic subjects. All subjects performed a set of free active neck movements in three anatomical planes in sitting position and at their own pace. Spinal kinematic variables (angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration) of the three defined regions, and movement coordination between regions were determined and compared between the two groups. FINDINGS Subjects with chronic neck pain exhibited significantly decreased cervical angular velocity and acceleration of neck movement. Cross-correlation analysis revealed consistently lower degrees of coordination between the cervical and upper thoracic spines in the neck pain group. The loss of coordination was most apparent in angular velocity and acceleration of the spine. INTERPRETATION Assessment of the range of motion of the neck is not sufficient to reveal movement dysfunctions in chronic neck pain subjects. Evaluation of angular velocity and acceleration and movement coordination should be included to help develop clinical intervention strategies to promote restoration of differential kinematics and movement coordination.
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15
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Anastasopoulos D, Ziavra N, Pearce R, Bronstein AM. Trunk bradykinesia and foveation delays during whole-body turns in spasmodic torticollis. J Neurol 2013; 260:2057-65. [PMID: 23649610 PMCID: PMC3734595 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-6937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated how the abnormal head posture and motility in spasmodic torticollis interferes with ecological movements such as combined eye-to-foot whole-body reorientations to visual targets. Eight mildly affected patients and 10 controls voluntarily rotated eyes and body in response to illuminated targets of eccentricities up to ±180°. The experimental protocol allowed separate evaluation of the effects of target location, visibility and predictability on movement parameters. Patients’ latencies of eye, head, trunk and foot motion were prolonged but showed a normal modification pattern when target location was predictable. Peak head-on-trunk displacement and velocity were reduced both ipsi- and contralaterally with respect to the direction of torticollis. Surprisingly, peak trunk velocity was also reduced, even more than in previously studied patients with Parkinson’s disease. As a consequence, patients made short, hypometric gaze saccades and only exceptionally foveated initially nonvisible targets with a single large gaze shift (4 % of predictable trials as opposed to 30 % in controls). Foveation of distant targets was massively delayed by more than half a second on average. Spontaneous dystonic head movements did not interfere with the execution of voluntary gaze shifts. The results show that neck dystonia does not arise from gaze (head-eye) motor centres but the eye-to-foot turning synergy is seriously compromised. For the first time we identify significant ‘secondary’ complications of torticollis such as trunk bradykinesia and foveation delays, likely to cause additional disability in patients. Eye movements per se are intact and compensate for the reduced head/trunk performance in an adaptive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Anastasopoulos
- Academic Department of Neuro-Otology, Centre for Neuroscience, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
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16
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Duc C, Salvia P, Lubansu A, Feipel V, Aminian K. Objective evaluation of cervical spine mobility after surgery during free-living activity. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2013; 28:364-9. [PMID: 23578604 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of cervical spine mobility after surgery is mainly based on the measurement of the range of motion during imposed movements. It can thus be questionable if this assessment represents the mobility experienced during daily life. The goal of this study was to propose a new evaluation tool based on the monitoring of cervical spine movement during daily activities. METHODS The detection of cervical movement and the determination of primary motion component (lateral bending, axial rotation or flexion-extension), using two inertial sensors, were first validated in laboratory settings. Fifteen patients who underwent a cervical arthrodesis and nine healthy control subjects were monitored during their daily activity for half a day. The frequency of cervical movement was quantified according to posture, i.e. static and walking periods. The amplitude and velocity of cervical movement were evaluated using the median and cumulative distribution function. FINDINGS The movement detection and classification showed an excellent performance (sensitivity and specificity>94%). For the daily monitoring, the patients presented a movement frequency similar to controls, whereas the amplitude and velocity in patients were lower than in controls (P<0.05). The differences between patients and controls were larger for the velocity parameters (effect sizes>0.37 and >0.54 for static and walking periods respectively) than for the amplitude parameters. INTERPRETATION Body-worn inertial sensors enable the quantitative evaluation of global cervical movement. The movement amplitude and velocity during free-living conditions can be used as objective parameters to evaluate the cervical spine mobility after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Duc
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
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