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Koźmiński W, Pera J. Involvement of the Peripheral Nervous System in Episodic Ataxias. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110448. [PMID: 33105744 PMCID: PMC7690566 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic ataxias comprise a group of inherited disorders, which have a common hallmark—transient attacks of ataxia. The genetic background is heterogeneous and the causative genes are not always identified. Furthermore, the clinical presentation, including intraictal and interictal symptoms, as well as the retention and progression of neurological deficits, is heterogeneous. Spells of ataxia can be accompanied by other symptoms—mostly from the central nervous system. However, in some of episodic ataxias involvement of peripheral nervous system is a part of typical clinical picture. This review intends to provide an insight into involvement of peripheral nervous system in episodic ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Koźmiński
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Li J, You Y, Yue W, Jia M, Yu H, Lu T, Wu Z, Ruan Y, Wang L, Zhang D. Genetic Evidence for Possible Involvement of the Calcium Channel Gene CACNA1A in Autism Pathogenesis in Chinese Han Population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142887. [PMID: 26566276 PMCID: PMC4643966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent studies suggested that calcium channel genes might be involved in the genetic etiology of ASD. CACNA1A, encoding an alpha-1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channel, has been reported to play an important role in neural development. Previous study detected that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in CACNA1A confers risk to ASD in Central European population. However, the genetic relationship between autism and CACNA1A in Chinese Han population remains unclear. To explore the association of CACNA1A with autism, we performed a family-based association study. First, we carried out a family-based association test between twelve tagged SNPs and autism in 239 trios. To further confirm the association, the sample size was expanded to 553 trios by recruiting 314 additional trios. In a total of 553 trios, we identified association of rs7249246 and rs12609735 with autism though this would not survive after Bonferroni correction. Our findings suggest that CACNA1A might play a role in the etiology of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yang You
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Meixiang Jia
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tianlan Lu
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliu Wu
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Ruan
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (LFW)
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, The Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University), Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (LFW)
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