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Samanci B, Şahin E, Samanci Y, Bilgiç B, Atasu B, Lohmann E, Peker S, Hanağası HA. Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation Improves HPCA-Linked (DYT 2) Dystonia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:184-187. [PMID: 38386491 PMCID: PMC10883396 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bedia Samanci
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of MedicineIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Erdi Şahin
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of MedicineIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Yavuz Samanci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Koc University Faculty of MedicineKoc UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of MedicineIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Burcu Atasu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)‐TübingenTübingenGermany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Ebba Lohmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)‐TübingenTübingenGermany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Selçuk Peker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Koc University Faculty of MedicineKoc UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Haşmet A. Hanağası
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of MedicineIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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Brunetti S, Micheletti S, Palmieri I, Valente EM, Fazzi E. Benign Hereditary Chorea as a Manifestation of HPCA Mutation. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:130-134. [PMID: 36704070 PMCID: PMC9847279 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brunetti
- Unit of Child Neurology and PsychiatryASST Spedali Civili of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Serena Micheletti
- Unit of Child Neurology and PsychiatryASST Spedali Civili of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Ilaria Palmieri
- Neurogenetics Research CenterIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Research CenterIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and PsychiatryASST Spedali Civili of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
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3
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Magrinelli F, Bhatia KP, Beiraghi Toosi M, Arab F, Karimiani EG, Sedighzadeh S, Ansari B, Neshatdoust M, Rocca C, Houlden H, Maroofian R. Childhood-Onset Choreo-Dystonia Due to a Recurrent Novel Homozygous Nonsense HPCA Variant: Case Series and Literature Review. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:101-108. [PMID: 36698997 PMCID: PMC9847280 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biallelic variants in HPCA were linked to isolated dystonia (formerly DYT2) in 2015. Since then, the clinical spectrum of HPCA-related disorder has expanded up to including a complex syndrome encompassing neurodevelopmental delay, generalized dystonia with bulbar involvement, and infantile seizures. Cases We report four individuals with a new phenotype of childhood-onset choreo-dystonia belonging to two unrelated Iranian pedigrees and harboring a novel homozygous nonsense pathogenic variant NM_002143.3:c.49C>T p.(Arg17*) in HPCA. Although the families are both Iranian, haplotype analysis of the exome data did not reveal a founder effect of the variant. Literature Review A systematic review of articles on HPCA and dystonia published since the disease gene discovery (PubMed; search on July 09, 2022; search strategy "HPCA AND dystonia", "HPCA AND movement disorder", "hippocalcin AND dystonia", and "hippocalcin AND movement disorder"; no language restriction) resulted in 18 references reporting 10 cases from six families. HPCA-related dystonia was isolated or in various combinations with neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, cognitive decline, and psychiatric comorbidity. Onset of dystonia ranged from infancy to early adulthood. Dystonia started in the limbs or neck and became generalized in most cases. Brain MRI was unremarkable in nearly all cases where performed. There was poor or no response to common antidystonic medications in most cases. Conclusions Our case series expands the pheno-genotypic spectrum of HPCA-related disorder by describing childhood-onset choreo-dystonia as a new phenotype, reporting on a recurrent novel pathogenic nonsense variant in HPCA, and suggesting that exon 2 of HPCA might be a mutational hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mehran Beiraghi Toosi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Neuroscience Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Fatemeh Arab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences InstituteSt. George's University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Medical GeneticsNext Generation Genetic PolyclinicMashhadIran
| | - Sahar Sedighzadeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran
- KaryoGen Medical Genetics LaboratoryIsfahanIran
| | - Behnaz Ansari
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Centre, Al‐Zahra HospitalIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Maedeh Neshatdoust
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran
| | - Clarissa Rocca
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
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Galosi S, Pollini L, Novelli M, Bernardi K, Di Rocco M, Martinelli S, Leuzzi V. Motor, epileptic, and developmental phenotypes in genetic disorders affecting G protein coupled receptors-cAMP signaling. Front Neurol 2022; 13:886751. [PMID: 36003298 PMCID: PMC9393484 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.886751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, a constantly increasing number of genetic diseases associated with epilepsy and movement disorders have been recognized. An emerging group of conditions in this field is represented by genetic disorders affecting G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)–cAMP signaling. This group of postsynaptic disorders includes genes encoding for proteins highly expressed in the central nervous system and involved in GPCR signal transduction and cAMP production (e.g., GNAO1, GNB1, ADCY5, GNAL, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA genes). While the clinical phenotype associated with ADCY5 and GNAL is characterized by movement disorder in the absence of epilepsy, GNAO1, GNB1, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA have a broader clinical phenotype, encompassing movement disorder, epilepsy, and neurodevelopmental disorders. We aimed to provide a comprehensive phenotypical characterization of genetic disorders affecting the cAMP signaling pathway, presenting with both movement disorders and epilepsy. Thus, we reviewed clinical features and genetic data of 203 patients from the literature with GNAO1, GNB1, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA deficiencies. Furthermore, we delineated genotype–phenotype correlation in GNAO1 and GNB1 deficiency. This group of disorders presents with a highly recognizable clinical phenotype combining distinctive motor, epileptic, and neurodevelopmental features. A severe hyperkinetic movement disorder with potential life-threatening exacerbations and high susceptibility to a wide range of triggers is the clinical signature of the whole group of disorders. The existence of a distinctive clinical phenotype prompting diagnostic suspicion and early detection has relevant implications for clinical and therapeutic management. Studies are ongoing to clarify the pathophysiology of these rare postsynaptic disorders and start to design disease-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galosi
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Serena Galosi
| | - Luca Pollini
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Novelli
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Martina Di Rocco
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Dzinovic I, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Genetic intersection between dystonia and neurodevelopmental disorders: Insights from genomic sequencing. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 102:131-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Garavaglia B, Vallian S, Romito LM, Straccia G, Capecci M, Invernizzi F, Andrenelli E, Kazemi A, Boesch S, Kopajtich R, Olfati N, Shariati M, Shoeibi A, Sadr-Nabavi A, Prokisch H, Winkelmann J, Zech M. AOPEP variants as a novel cause of recessive dystonia: Generalized dystonia and dystonia-parkinsonism. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 97:52-56. [PMID: 35306330 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genetic basis of autosomal-recessive dystonia remains poorly understood. Our objective was to report identification of additional individuals with variants in AOPEP, a recently described gene for recessively inherited dystonic disorders (OMIM:619565). METHODS Ongoing analysis on a high-throughput genetic platform and international case-recruitment efforts were undertaken. RESULTS Novel biallelic, likely pathogenic loss-of-function alleles were identified in two pedigrees of different ethnic background. Two members of a consanguineous Iranian family shared a homozygous c.1917-1G>A essential splice-site variant and featured presentations of adolescence-onset generalized dystonia. An individual of Chinese descent, homozygous for the nonsense variant c.1909G>T (p.Glu637*), displayed childhood-onset generalized dystonia combined with later-manifesting parkinsonism. One additional Iranian patient with adolescence-onset generalized dystonia carried an ultrarare, likely protein-damaging homozygous missense variant (c.1201C>T [p.Arg401Trp]). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the implication of AOPEP in recessive forms of generalized dystonia and dystonia-parkinsonism. Biallelic AOPEP variants represent a worldwide cause of dystonic movement-disorder phenotypes and should be considered in dystonia molecular testing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Garavaglia
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C.Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Sadeq Vallian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Luigi M Romito
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C.Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Straccia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C.Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Capecci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurorehabilitation Clinic, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona", "Politecnica delle Marche" University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C.Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Andrenelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurorehabilitation Clinic, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona", "Politecnica delle Marche" University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Arezu Kazemi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Kopajtich
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany
| | - Nahid Olfati
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shariati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Qaem Medical Center, Mashhad, Iran; Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shoeibi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Qaem Medical Center, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ariane Sadr-Nabavi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Qaem Medical Center, Mashhad, Iran; Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany.
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Siegert S, Schmidt WM, Pletschko T, Bittner RE, Gobara S, Freilinger M. Specific Cognitive Changes due to Hippocalcin Alterations? A Novel Familial Homozygous Hippocalcin Variant Associated with Inherited Dystonia and Altered Cognition. Neuropediatrics 2021; 52:377-382. [PMID: 33511595 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research suggested an hippocalcin (HPCA)-related form of DYT2-like autosomal recessive dystonia. Two reports highlight a broad spectrum of the clinical phenotype. Here, we describe a novel HPCA gene variant in a pediatric patient and two affected relatives. METHODS Whole exome sequencing was applied after a thorough clinical and neurological examination of the index patient and her family members. Results of neuropsychological testing were analyzed. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous missense variant in the HPCA gene [c.182C>T p.(Ala61Val)] in our pediatric patient and the two affected family members. Clinically, the cases presented with dystonia, dysarthria, and jerky movements. We observed a particular cognitive profile with executive dysfunctions in our patient, which corresponds to the cognitive deficits that have been observed in the patients previously described. CONCLUSION We present a novel genetic variant of the HPCA gene associated with autosomal recessive dystonia in a child with childhood-onset dystonia supporting its clinical features. Furthermore, we propose specific HPCA-related cognitive changes in homozygous carriers, underlining the importance of undertaking a systematic assessment of cognition in HPCA-related dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Siegert
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Pletschko
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Reginald E Bittner
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Gobara
- Ambulatorium Sonnenschein, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Michael Freilinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Pandey S, Bhattad S, Dinesh S. Tremor in Primary Monogenic Dystonia. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2021; 21:48. [PMID: 34264428 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-021-01135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tremor is an important phenotypic feature of dystonia with wide variability in the reported prevalence ranging from 14 to 86.67%. This variability may be due to the types of dystonia patients reported in different studies. This article reviews research articles reporting tremor in primary monogenic dystonia. RECENT FINDINGS We searched the MDS gene data and selected all research articles reporting tremor in primary monogenic dystonia. Tremor was reported in nine dystonia genes, namely DYT-HPCA, DYT-ANO3, DYT-KCTD17, DYT-THAP1, DYT-PRKRA, DYT-GNAL, DYT-TOR1A, DYT-KMT2B, and DYT-SGCE in the descending order of its frequency. HPCA gene mutation is rare, but all reported patients had tremor. Similarly, tremor was reported in eight genes associated with dystonia parkinsonism, namely DYT-SLC6A3, DYT-TH, DYT-SPR, DYT-PTS, DYT-GCH1, DYT-TAF1, DYT-QDPR, and DYT-SCL30A10 in the descending order of its prevalence. DYT-HPCA and DYT-ANO3 gene showed the highest prevalence of tremor in isolated dystonia, and DYT-SLC6A3 has the highest prevalence of tremor in combined dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Pandey
- Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Academic Block, Room No 501, New Delhi, 110002, India.
| | - Sonali Bhattad
- Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Academic Block, Room No 501, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Shreya Dinesh
- Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Academic Block, Room No 501, New Delhi, 110002, India
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