1
|
Roytman S, Paalanen R, Carli G, Marusic U, Kanel P, van Laar T, Bohnen NI. Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson's disease: an integrative review. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:82-92. [PMID: 38767478 PMCID: PMC11246153 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population. Posture and gait control does not happen automatically, as previously believed, but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms. To effectively exert control over the body, the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information, including visual, vestibular, and somatosensory signals. The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work. Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults. Insufficient emphasis, however, has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance. In the present work, we review the contributions of somatosensory, visual, and vestibular modalities, along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson's disease. We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows, previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults. Lastly, we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates, both at the level of neurobiology (concerning positron emission tomography imaging) and at the level of electrophysiology (concerning electroencephalography). We hope that this integrative review, drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience, paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches, to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stiven Roytman
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca Paalanen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Giulia Carli
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Prabesh Kanel
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Teus van Laar
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nico I Bohnen
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neurology Service and GRECC, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Beylergil SB, Noecker AM, Kilbane C, McIntyre CC, Shaikh AG. Does Vestibular Motion Perception Correlate with Axonal Pathways Stimulated by Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease? CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:554-569. [PMID: 37308757 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perception of our linear motion - heading - is critical for postural control, gait, and locomotion, and it is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has variable effects on vestibular heading perception, depending on the location of the electrodes within the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Here, we aimed to find the anatomical correlates of heading perception in PD. Fourteen PD participants with bilateral STN DBS performed a two-alternative forced-choice discrimination task where a motion platform delivered translational forward movements with a heading angle varying between 0 and 30° to the left or to the right with respect to the straight-ahead direction. Using psychometric curves, we derived the heading discrimination threshold angle of each patient from the response data. We created patient-specific DBS models and calculated the percentages of stimulated axonal pathways that are anatomically adjacent to the STN and known to play a major role in vestibular information processing. We performed correlation analyses to investigate the extent of these white matter tracts' involvement in heading perception. Significant positive correlations were identified between improved heading discrimination for rightward heading and the percentage of activated streamlines of the contralateral hyperdirect, pallido-subthalamic, and subthalamo-pallidal pathways. The hyperdirect pathways are thought to provide top-down control over STN connections to the cerebellum. In addition, STN may also antidromically activate collaterals of hyperdirect pathway that projects to the precerebellar pontine nuclei. In select cases, there was strong activation of the cerebello-thalamic projections, but it was not consistently present in all participants. Large volumetric overlap between the volume of tissue activation and the STN in the left hemisphere positively impacted rightward heading perception. Altogether, the results suggest heavy involvement of basal ganglia cerebellar network in STN-induced modulation of vestibular heading perception in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Balta Beylergil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Angela M Noecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Camilla Kilbane
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cameron C McIntyre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aasef G Shaikh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA.
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tran S, Brooke C, Kim YJ, Perry SD, Nankoo JF, Rinchon C, Arora T, Tremblay L, Chen R. Visual and vestibular integration in Parkinson's disease while walking. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 116:105886. [PMID: 37866253 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Postural control requires effective sensory integration. People with Parkinson's disease (PD) are reported to have impaired visual and vestibular perception. While self-motion perception is a key aspect of locomotion, visual-vestibular integration has not been directly characterized in people with PD during gait. We compared the ability of people with PD and healthy older adults (OA) to integrate multi-sensory information during straight-line walking in response to visual and vestibular perturbations, using continuous translations of the visual surround and galvanic vestibular stimulation within a virtual reality environment. We measured their endpoint deviations from midline and changes in gait parameters. We found that people with PD deviated more than OA when walking in a dark environment but did not show differences in deviations when walking in a virtual room with visual information. With visual and vestibular perturbations, people with PD did not differ from OA in endpoint deviations nor variabilities. However, people with PD did not adopt a more cautious gait when GVS was applied in a virtual room, unlike OA. Overall, we showed that people with mild PD did not perform worse than OA but did show differences in gait patterns, suggesting that visual-vestibular integration is relatively preserved during gait in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tran
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Calaina Brooke
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephen D Perry
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Cricia Rinchon
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tarun Arora
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Canada
| | - Luc Tremblay
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tarnutzer AA, Ward BK, Shaikh AG. Novel ways to modulate the vestibular system: Magnetic vestibular stimulation, deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation / transcranial direct current stimulation. J Neurol Sci 2023; 445:120544. [PMID: 36621040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in neurotechnologies are revolutionizing our understanding of complex neural circuits and enabling new treatments for disorders of the human brain. In the vestibular system, electromagnetic stimuli can now modulate vestibular reflexes and sensations of self-motion by artificially stimulating the labyrinth, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and their connections. OBJECTIVE In this narrative review, we describe evolving neuromodulatory techniques including magnetic vestibular stimulation (MVS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) and discuss current and potential future application in the field of neuro-otology. RESULTS MVS triggers both vestibular nystagmic (persistent) and perceptual (lasting ∼1 min) responses that may serve as a model to study central adaptational mechanisms and pathomechanisms of hemispatial neglect. By systematically mapping DBS electrodes, targeted stimulation of central vestibular pathways allowed modulating eye movements, vestibular heading perception, spatial attention and graviception, resulting in reduced anti-saccade error rates and hypometria, improved heading discrimination, shifts in verticality perception and transiently decreased spatial attention. For TMS/tDCS treatment trials have demonstrated amelioration of vestibular symptoms in various neuro-otological conditions, including chronic vestibular insufficiency, Mal-de-Debarquement and cerebellar ataxia. CONCLUSION Neuromodulation has a bright future as a potential treatment of vestibular dysfunction. MVS, DBS and TMS may provide new and sophisticated, customizable, and specific treatment options of vestibular symptoms in humans. While promising treatment responses have been reported for TMS/tDCS, treatment trials for vestibular disorders using MVS or DBS have yet to be defined and performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Tarnutzer
- Neurology, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - B K Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A G Shaikh
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals and Cleveland VA Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leroy T, Baggen RJ, Lefeber N, Herssens N, Santens P, De Letter M, Maes L, Bouche K, Van Bladel A. Effects of Oral Levodopa on Balance in People with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:3-23. [PMID: 36617752 PMCID: PMC9912739 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Balance impairment is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). As opposed to the effects of appendicular motor symptoms, the effects of Levodopa on balance impairment in idiopathic PD are less clear. OBJECTIVE To review the literature on the effects of oral Levodopa on clinical balance test performance, posturography, step initiation, and responses to perturbation in people with idiopathic PD (PwPD). METHODS A systematic search of three scientific databases (Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science) was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. For the pilot meta-analysis, standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using an inverse variance random effects model. Data not suitable for implementation in the meta-analysis (missing means or standard deviations, and non-independent outcomes) were analyzed narratively. RESULTS A total of 2772 unique studies were retrieved, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria and were analyzed, including data of 710 idiopathic PwPD. Levodopa had a significant positive effect on the Berg Balance Scale, the Push and Release test, and jerk and frequency parameters during posturography. In contrast, some significant negative effects on velocity-based sway parameters were found during posturography and step initiation. However, Levodopa had no significant effect on most step initiation- and all perturbation parameters. CONCLUSION The effects of Levodopa on balance in PwPD vary depending on the outcome parameters and patient inclusion criteria. A systematic approach with well-defined outcome parameters, and prespecified, sensitive and reliable tests is needed in future studies to unravel the effects of oral Levodopa on balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Leroy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Remco J. Baggen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Correspondence to: Dr. Remco Baggen, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ Gent, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - Nina Lefeber
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nolan Herssens
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Space Medicine Team, European Astronaut Centre, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium,Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Maes
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katie Bouche
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Bladel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Sun Z, Zhou Z. Aberrant changes of dynamic global synchronization in patients with Parkinson's disease. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:784-791. [PMID: 35484787 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221094967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been documented with disrupted dynamic profiles of functional connectivity. However, the complementary information that is relevant to the dynamic pattern of global synchronization in patients with PD requires further investigation. PURPOSE To reveal the aberrant dynamic profiles of global synchronization involved in PD with a focus on temporal variability, strength, and property. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 46 patients with PD and 50 matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Degree centrality (DC) was used as the metric of global synchronization. The intergroup differences in the dynamic DC (dDC) pattern were compared, followed by further analysis of their clinical relevance in PD. RESULTS Relative to HCs, the PD group showed decreased dDC variability in right inferior occipital gyrus, right insula, right middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and bilateral postcentral gyrus. The dDC variability in the MOG was significantly correlated with MoCA score. Two states (state I and state II) were suggested. Relative to HCs, the PD group demonstrated a shorter mean dwell time (MDT) in state I, a longer MDT in state II, and fewer transitions. For the PD group, dDC properties were significantly correlated with UPDRS-III scores. In state II, significantly decreased dynamic dDC strength in bilateral supplementary motor area was observed in the PD group, with a significant correlation with UPDRS-III scores. CONCLUSION These findings on PD imply that dynamic alterations of global synchronization are engaged in the dysfunction of movement and cognition, deepening the understanding of deteriorations that underlie PD with complementary evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Radiology, 372209Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhongru Sun
- Department of Radiology, 372209Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, 372209Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sasaki F, Oyama G, Hirozane Y, Yamashita R, Sekimoto S, Hattori N. Impaired virtual space-tilting perception in Parkinson's disease with Pisa syndrome. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 104:30-34. [PMID: 36208613 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mechanism of Pisa syndrome in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unclear. We aimed to analyze the spatial perception of patients with PD with Pisa syndrome using virtual reality. METHODS In total, 16 patients with Pisa syndrome, 16 age-matched patients without Pisa syndrome, and 16 age-matched controls were included. They viewed the virtual room gradually tilting to different 8 directions randomized across trials. The 75% discrimination threshold angle and the mean tilting discrimination angle for each direction were evaluated. Participants' lateral trunk deviation was measured using Kinect. Neuropsychological status was evaluated, using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), the Japanese version of the Montreal-Cognitive Assessment, Frontal Assessment Battery, and the color-word interference task of the Stroop test. Visuospatial abilities were assessed using Benton Judgement of Line Orientation, and vestibular function was evaluated using Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV). RESULTS The 75% discrimination threshold in the tilting discrimination angle was larger in all directions for those in the Pisa syndrome group compared to patients in the without Pisa syndrome group and those in the control group. There were significant differences between the three groups for Front-Right, Right, and Back. Patients with Pisa syndrome showed a significantly worse performance in these tests compared with controls and tended to have worse SVV performance compared with patients without Pisa syndrome. CONCLUSION The present findings support the hypothesis of visuo-spatial disability and/or attentional impairment in patients with Pisa syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genko Oyama
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurodegenerative and Demented Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Home Medical Care System Based on Information and Communication Technology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of PRO-Based Integrated Data Analysis in Neurological Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | - Ryo Yamashita
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
| | - Satoko Sekimoto
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurodegenerative and Demented Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Home Medical Care System Based on Information and Communication Technology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of PRO-Based Integrated Data Analysis in Neurological Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beylergil SB, Gupta P, ElKasaby M, Kilbane C, Shaikh AG. Does visuospatial motion perception correlate with coexisting movement disorders in Parkinson's disease? J Neurol 2021; 269:2179-2192. [PMID: 34554323 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Postural instability and balance impairment are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Multiple factors, such as increased tone, bradykinesia, freezing of gait, posture, axial stiffness, and involuntary appendicular movements, can affect balance. The recent studies found that PD patients have abnormal perception of self-motion in vestibular domain. We asked whether measures of balance function, such as perception of one's motion, correlate with specific movement disorders seen in PD. Moving retinal image or self-motion in space triggers the perception of self-motion. We measured one's linear motion (heading) perception when subjects were moved en bloc using a moving platform (vestibular heading). Similar motion perception was generated in the visual domain (visual heading) by having the subjects view a 3D optical flow with immersive virtual reality goggles. During both tasks, the subjects reported the motion direction in the two-alternative-forced-choice paradigm. The accuracy of perceived motion direction was calculated from the responses fitted to the psychometric function curves to estimate how accurately and precisely the subjects can perceive rightward versus leftward motion (i.e., threshold and slope). Response accuracies and psychometric parameters were correlated with the disease duration, disease severity (total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III, UPDRS-III), and tremor, rigidity, axial, gait/posture components of UPRDS-III. We also correlated heading perception with the number of falls and subjective assessment of balance confidence using the Activities-Specific Balance Component (ABC) Scale. Accuracy, threshold, and sensitivity of vestibular heading perception significantly correlated with the disease duration and severity, particularly the tremor. Correlations were stronger for leftward heading perception in the vestibular domain. The visual heading perception was correlated with ABC Scale, especially with its items concerning optic-flow processing. There was asymmetry in leftward versus rightward vestibular heading perception. The level of asymmetry correlated with the axial component of UPDRS-III. Differences in the clinical parameters that correlate with visual versus vestibular heading perception suggest that two heading perception processes have different mechanistic underpinnings. The correlation of discordance between vestibular and visual heading perception with disease severity and duration suggests that visual function can be utilized for balance rehab in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Balta Beylergil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Palak Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed ElKasaby
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA.,Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Camilla Kilbane
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA.,Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aasef G Shaikh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA. .,Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Timing matters: Otological symptoms and Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 90:23-26. [PMID: 34343875 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Otological symptoms contribute to the disability of established Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to evaluate whether prodromal onset may affect PD progression. METHODS A retrospective cohort design was used to compare time to advanced disease, defined as a Hoehn & Yahr stage ≥3 in consecutive PD patients with history of auditory and/or vestibular symptoms appearing before versus after PD onset. Time from PD onset to H&Y ≥ 3 was determined using Cox proportional hazards, with adjusted results summarized as hazards ratio (HR). RESULTS After adjusting for age at PD onset, there was a lower risk of progression to advanced disease in patients with prodromal otological symptoms compared to those with otological symptoms after PD onset (HR = 0.34; 95%CI: 0.15-0.75, p = 0.008). This association remained significant after adjusting for age at PD onset and MDS-UPDRS III (HR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.10-0.63, p = 0.003) and propensity score-adjusted analysis (HR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.24-0.91, p = 0.025). CONCLUSION Prodromal otological symptoms might be associated with a reduced risk of motor progression in PD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Beylergil SB, Noecker AM, Petersen M, Gupta P, Ozinga S, Walker MF, Kilbane C, McIntyre CC, Shaikh AG. Subthalamic deep brain stimulation affects heading perception in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2021; 269:253-268. [PMID: 34003373 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) presents with visuospatial impairment and falls. It is critical to understand how subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) modulates visuospatial perception. We hypothesized that DBS has different effects on visual and vestibular perception of linear motion (heading), a critical aspect of visuospatial navigation; and such effects are specific to modulated STN location. Two-alternative forced-choice experiments were performed in 14 PD patients with bilateral STN DBS and 19 age-matched healthy controls (HC) during passive en bloc linear motion and 3D optic-flow in immersive virtual reality measured vestibular and visual heading. Objective measure of perception with Weibull psychometric function revealed that PD has significantly lower accuracy [L: 60.71 (17.86)%, R: 74.82 (17.44)%] and higher thresholds [L: 16.68 (12.83), R: 10.09 (7.35)] during vestibular task in both directions compared to HC (p < 0.05). DBS significantly improved vestibular discrimination accuracy [81.40 (14.36)%] and threshold [4.12 (5.87), p < 0.05] in the rightward direction. There were no DBS effects on the slopes of vestibular psychometric curves. Visual heading perception was better than vestibular and it was comparable to HC. There was no significant effect of DBS on visual heading response accuracy or discrimination threshold (p > 0.05). Patient-specific DBS models revealed an association between change in vestibular heading perception and the modulation of the dorsal STN. In summary, DBS may have different effects on vestibular and visual heading perception in PD. These effects may manifest via dorsal STN putatively by its effects on the cerebellum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Balta Beylergil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Angela M Noecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mikkel Petersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine-Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Palak Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Ozinga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark F Walker
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA
| | - Camilla Kilbane
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cameron C McIntyre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aasef G Shaikh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- National VA Parkinson Consortium Center, Neurology Service, Daroff-Dell'Osso Ocular Motility and Vestibular Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44110, USA.
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kilic-Berkmen G, Wright LJ, Perlmutter JS, Comella C, Hallett M, Teller J, Pirio Richardson S, Peterson DA, Cruchaga C, Lungu C, Jinnah HA. The Dystonia Coalition: A Multicenter Network for Clinical and Translational Studies. Front Neurol 2021; 12:660909. [PMID: 33897610 PMCID: PMC8060489 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.660909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal postures, repetitive movements, or both. Research in dystonia has been challenged by several factors. First, dystonia is uncommon. Dystonia is not a single disorder but a family of heterogenous disorders with varied clinical manifestations and different causes. The different subtypes may be seen by providers in different clinical specialties including neurology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, and others. These issues have made it difficult for any single center to recruit large numbers of subjects with specific types of dystonia for research studies in a timely manner. The Dystonia Coalition is a consortium of investigators that was established to address these challenges. Since 2009, the Dystonia Coalition has encouraged collaboration by engaging 56 sites across North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Its emphasis on collaboration has facilitated establishment of international consensus for the definition and classification of all dystonias, diagnostic criteria for specific subtypes of dystonia, standardized evaluation strategies, development of clinimetrically sound measurement tools, and large multicenter studies that document the phenotypic heterogeneity and evolution of specific types of dystonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Kilic-Berkmen
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Laura J. Wright
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joel S. Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Radiology, Neuroscience, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Cynthia Comella
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jan Teller
- Dystonia Medical Research Foundation, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarah Pirio Richardson
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - David A. Peterson
- Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Codrin Lungu
- Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - H. A. Jinnah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|