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Chiodi D, Ishihara Y. The role of the methoxy group in approved drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116364. [PMID: 38781921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The methoxy substituent is prevalent in natural products and, consequently, is present in many natural product-derived drugs. It has also been installed in modern drug molecules with no remnant of natural product features because medicinal chemists have been taking advantage of the benefits that this small functional group can bestow on ligand-target binding, physicochemical properties, and ADME parameters. Herein, over 230 methoxy-containing small-molecule drugs, as well as several fluoromethoxy-containing drugs, are presented from the vantage point of the methoxy group. Biochemical mechanisms of action, medicinal chemistry SAR studies, and numerous X-ray cocrystal structures are analyzed to identify the precise role of the methoxy group for many of the drugs and drug classes. Although the methoxy substituent can be considered as the hybridization of a hydroxy and a methyl group, the combination of these functionalities often results in unique effects that can amount to more than the sum of the individual parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Chiodi
- Department of Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Ishihara
- Department of Chemistry, Vividion Therapeutics, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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2
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Patil M, Devarbhavi H, Mishra A, Pavan Kumar Y, Dhali GK, Chowdhury A. Clinical Features, Laboratory Characteristics and Outcome from Oral Contraceptives-induced Liver Injury in 43 Consecutive Patients and a Brief Review of Published Reports. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101322. [PMID: 38283703 PMCID: PMC10818198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hormonal oral contraceptive (OC) agents such as estrogen or progesterone, either as single agents or in combination, and a non-hormonal drug like ormeloxifene are used for various conditions. However, estrogen and progesterone-containing OC as well as ormeloxifene are seldom associated with hepatotoxicity. We prospectively studied the clinical, demographic, liver injury pattern, complications, and outcome of the hepatotoxicity from OC and ormeloxifene. Methods We analyzed and compared the aforementioned characteristics among consecutive patients with OC and ormeloxifene-induced drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from two university hospitals in India. Cases fulfilling established DILI criteria and the Roussel Uclaf causality assessment method were identified and followed up until recovery/death. Results We identified 43 (3.5%) amongst 1226 patients with DILI; 19 (44%) from estrogen and progesterone combination, 21 (49%) from progesterone monotherapy, and 3 (7%) due to ormeloxifene. Seven cases were identified from 1998 to 2014 and 36 cases from 2015 to 2023. All were due to oral tablets. The mean age was 36 years (range 21-75). Nineteen patients (44%) developed jaundice and 5 (11.6%) developed itching. The liver injury pattern was hepatocellular in 19 (44%), mixed in 13 (30%), and cholestatic in 11 (26%). Four patients (9%) died, three from acute liver failure and one due to acute on chronic liver failure. Liver biochemical tests normalized after a mean of 66 days after stopping the implicated agents. Contrastingly, literature search yielded 24 cases of progesterone DILI reported between 1962 and 2019 with no mortality. Conclusion In contrast to published literature on oral contraceptives, a majority of oral contraceptive-induced DILI in our series were from progesterone monotherapy and a smaller number with ormeloxifene, that often resulted in clinically significant jaundice or liver test abnormalities and rarely in fatality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Harshad Devarbhavi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Y.M. Pavan Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Gopal K. Dhali
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
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3
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Kranjčević JK, Čonkaš J, Ozretić P. The Role of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Head and Neck Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1575. [PMID: 38672656 PMCID: PMC11049451 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common histological form of head and neck tumors (HNTs), which originate from the epithelium of the lips and oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, salivary glands, nasal cavity, and sinuses. The main risk factors include consumption of tobacco in all forms and alcohol, as well as infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses or the Epstein-Barr virus. Regardless of the etiological agent, the risk of developing different types of HNTs is from two to more than six times higher in males than in females. The reason for such disparities probably lies in a combination of both biological and psychosocial factors. Therefore, it is hypothesized that exposure to female sex hormones, primarily estrogen, provides women with protection against the formation and metastasis of HNTs. In this review, we synthesized available knowledge on the role of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) in the development and progression of HNTs, with special emphasis on membrane ERs, which are much less studied. We can summarize that in addition to epidemiologic studies unequivocally pointing to the protective effect of estrogen in women, an increased expression of both nuclear ERs, ERα, and ERβ, and membrane ERs, ERα36, GPER1, and NaV1.2, was present in different types of HNSCC, for which anti-estrogens could be used as an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (J.Č.)
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Sikander M, Malik S, Apraku J, Kumari S, Khan P, Mandil H, Ganju A, Chauhan B, Bell MC, Singh MM, Khan S, Yallapu MM, Halaweish FT, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Brominated-Ormeloxifene (Br-ORM) against Cervical Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:38839-38848. [PMID: 37901538 PMCID: PMC10601051 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of β-catenin signaling is strongly linked with cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis, thus, small molecules that can inhibit this pathway might have great clinical significance. Our molecular modeling studies suggest that ormeloxifene (ORM), a triphenylethylene molecule that docks with β-catenin, and its brominated analogue (Br-ORM) bind more effectively with relatively less energy (-7.6 kcal/mol) to the active site of β-catenin as compared to parent ORM. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a Br-ORM by NMR and FTIR, as well as its anticancer activity in cervical cancer models. Br-ORM treatment effectively inhibited tumorigenic features (cell proliferation and colony-forming ability, etc.) and induced apoptotic death, as evident by pronounced PARP cleavage. Furthermore, Br-ORM treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the G1-S phase. Mechanistic investigation revealed that Br-ORM targets the key proteins involved in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as demonstrated by upregulation of E-cadherin and repression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. Br-ORM also represses the expression and nuclear subcellular localization of β-catenin. Consequently, Br-ORM treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth in an orthotopic cervical cancer xenograft mouse model along with EMT associated changes as compared to vehicle control-treated mice. Altogether, experimental findings suggest that Br-ORM is a novel, promising β-catenin inhibitor and therefore can be harnessed as a potent anticancer small molecule for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sikander
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Shabnam Malik
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - John Apraku
- South
Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007-2201, United States
| | - Sonam Kumari
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- National
Institutes of Health, Bathesda, South Dakota 20892-4874, United States
| | - Parvez Khan
- Jamia
Millia Islamia University, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Hassan Mandil
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Aditya Ganju
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Memorial
Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065 United States
| | - Bhavin Chauhan
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Maria C. Bell
- Sanford
Health, Sanford Gynecologic Oncology Clinic, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57104, United States
| | - Man Mohan Singh
- Endocrinology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Fathi T. Halaweish
- South
Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007-2201, United States
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- South
Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- University
of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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5
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Talukdar A, Sarkar D. Catalyzing the Future of Medicinal Chemistry Research in India. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10868-10877. [PMID: 37561395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The present publication provides a comprehensive look at more than a decade (2010 to midyear of 2023) of medicinal chemistry research in India, focusing on contributions to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery from both Indian academia and industries. The work provides an overview of cutting-edge medicinal chemistry research along with the organic-transformation-based chemical research scenarios in India in the past decade. It also distinguishes areas of research as well as contributions from different federal research institutes, state universities, central universities, and private universities by their geographical locations around India. The paper takes broader stock of the situation by comparing the articles published in the two internationally acclaimed journals in the field, viz. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry and Organic Letters, which highlights the current research trends as well as the thrust needed at the grass-roots level to boost medicinal chemistry and drug discovery research in India. Finally, we believe that this discussion may create a pathway for policymakers and funding agencies to focus their efforts to motivate lesser inclined institutions as well as provide incentives to the institutions primarily involved in medicinal chemistry research, as they already have built capacity for such research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, WB, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Dipayan Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, WB, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Ponkarpagam S, Vennila KN, Elango KP. Molecular spectroscopic and molecular simulation studies on the interaction of oral contraceptive drug Ormeloxifene with CT-DNA. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121351. [PMID: 35567820 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between oral contraceptive drug Ormeloxifene (ORM) and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied using UV-Vis, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and 1H NMR spectral techniques under physiological buffer (pH 7.4). Competitive binding assays with ethidium bromide (EB) and Hoechst 33258, viscosity measurements, KI quenching studies, molecular docking and metadynamics simulation studies were also substantiated the spectroscopic results. ORM is found to binds in the minor groove of CT-DNA as evidenced by: (1) non-displacement of EB from EB/CT-DNA complex; (2) appreciable displacement of Hoechst 33258 from its CT-DNA complex; (3) slight alteration in the CD signal; (4) small shifts (Δδ < 0.033 ppm) without broadening in 1H NMR signals and (5) the nearly equal extent of quenching of fluorescence of ORM by KI in the absence and presence of CT-DNA. Negative values of both enthalpy and entropy changes pointed out that the interaction between ORM and CT-DNA is governed mainly by H-bonding and van der Waals forces. Negative free energy change suggested a spontaneous interaction between ORM and CT-DNA. The free energy landscape of the binding process was computed using metadynamics simulation. The simulation study results disclosed that ORM binds to the minor groove of DNA through H-bonding and π-π stacking interactions. The results of molecular docking and simulation studies corroborate the available experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ponkarpagam
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - K N Vennila
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India.
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7
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Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Fibroadenoma in Response to Centchroman — a Selective Oestrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM). Indian J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-022-03496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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8
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S L, A S, Dv S, Bs R, R S, Sharaf S, Sa A, G R. Comparative differential cytotoxicity of clinically used SERMs in human cancer lines of different origin and its predictive molecular docking studies of key target genes involved in cancer progression and treatment responses. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 3:100080. [PMID: 35059624 PMCID: PMC8760488 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SERMS like Tamoxifene, 5-hydroxy tamoxifene, raloxifene and endoxifene has been used for the treatment of hormonal imbalances and dependent cancers owing to their action via Estrogen receptors as in the treatment of estrogen sensitive breast cancers. Due to the adverse side effects, modifications and development of the existing or newer SERMS has always been of immense interest. Ormeloxifene, a SERM molecule manufactured by HLL Lifecare Ltd, India as birth control under the trade names Saheli, Novex, and Novex-DS which is also investigated against mastalgia, fibro-adenoma and abnormal uterine bleeding. Anti-cancer effects have been reported in estrogen dependent and independent cancers which shows its wide scope to be implemented in cancer therapy. Current investigation is a comprehensive effort to find the cytotoxic potential of Ormeloxifene in comparison with clinically used four SERMS in twenty six cancer cell lines of different origin using Adriamycin as positive control. Also the computational studies pertaining to selected target/ligand with respect to tumor progression, development, treatment responses and apoptosis. The studies proved effective cytotoxicity of Ormeloxifene on cancer cell lines with lower TGI, GI50 and LC50 values which are significantly comparable. Also the in silico studies proved that the docking score of the compound suggests the interaction of the compound which could tightly regulate key target genes controlling cancer like ER, EGFR kinase, EGFR-cSRC, HDAC-2, PARP-1 and BRAF. This study brings out the superior efficacy of Ormeloxifene compared to other SERMS with proven safety profile to be repositioned as an anti-cancer drug to treat diverse cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi S
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Shanitha A
- Dept. of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode-695581, India
| | - Shiny Dv
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Rahul Bs
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Saikant R
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Shehna Sharaf
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Abi Sa
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
| | - Rajmohan G
- Corporate R&D Centre, HLL Lifecare Limited, Thiruvananthapuram, Pincode- 695 017, India
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Wang D, Sun J, Yan CG. Diastereoselective synthesis of spiro[chromane-3,3′-indolines] and spiro[chromane-3,2′-indenes] via DBU promoted formal [4 + 2]cycloaddition reaction. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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10
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Garg A, Singh A, Kumar A. Selective estrogen receptor modulators against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: an experimental study. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:987-1001. [PMID: 34406075 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to explore the antibacterial potential of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Materials & methods: The percentage growth retardation, bacterial growth kinetics, biofilm, checkerboard and bacterial burden assays were conducted to check antibacterial potential of SERMs. Finally, docking study was also conducted to predict possible antibacterial mechanism of SERMs. Results: In vitro and in vivo studies have shown the antibacterial activity of SERMs against different tested strains of bacteria. The synergistic activity of SERMs in combination with standard antibacterial agents was also observed and tested further under in vivo conditions. In vivo results have shown decreased bacterial bioburden. Docking studies have predicted the multimodal antibacterial mechanism of SERMs. Conclusion: SERMs can be considered as promising broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakriti Garg
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.,Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Research, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India
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11
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Beware of Anal Fissure Surgery During Menstruation: Endometrium Inoculation. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-021-02990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Luo WF, Ye LW, Li L, Qian PC. Regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of trans-3,4-diaryldihydrocoumarins via metal-free [4+2] annulation of ynamides with o-hydroxybenzyl alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5032-5035. [PMID: 33881063 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An efficient regio- and diastereoselective method for the construction of valuable trans-3,4-diaryldihydrocoumarins via metal-free [4+2] annulation of ynamides with o-hydroxybenzyl alcohols has been developed. Ynamides are first treated as 2-π partners to react with o-hydroxybenzyl alcohols via traceless sulfonamide directing groups, affording trans-3,4-diaryldihydrocoumarins in good yields with high regio- and diastereoselectivities. This metal-free methodology is also characterized by a wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and efficiency on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Luo
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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13
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Torralba M, Farra R, Maddaloni M, Grassi M, Dapas B, Grassi G. Drugs Repurposing in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:7222-7233. [PMID: 32660396 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200713190520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovary Carcinoma (OC) is the most lethal gynecological neoplasm due to the late diagnoses and to the common development of resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required. In this regard, the strategy of drug repurposing is becoming attractive. By this approach, the effectiveness of a drug originally developed for another indication is tested in a different pathology. The advantage is that data about pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity are already available. Thus, in principle, it is possible to reduce research costs and to speed up drug usage/marketing. RESULTS Here, some noticeable examples of repurposed drugs for OC, such as amiodarone, ruxolitinib, statins, disulfiram, ormeloxifenem, and Quinacrine, are reported. Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic agent, has shown promising anti-OC activity, although the systemic toxicity should not be neglected. The JAK inhibitor, Ruxolitinib, may be employed particularly in coadministration with standard OC therapy as it synergistically interacts with platinum-based drugs. Particularly interesting is the use of statin which represent one of the most commonly administered drugs in aged population to treat hypercholesterolemia. Disulfiram, employed in the treatment of chronic alcoholism, has shown anti-OC properties. Ormeloxifene, commonly used for contraception, seems to be promising, especially due to the negligible side effects. Finally, Quinacrine used as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug, is able to downregulate OC cell growth and promote cell death. CONCLUSION Whereas further testing in patients are necessary to better clarify the therapeutic potential of repurposed drugs for OC, it is believed that their use, better if combined with OC targeted delivery systems, can significantly contribute to the development of novel and effective anti-OC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Torralba
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rossella Farra
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447,
34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianna Maddaloni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio
6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447,
34149 Trieste, Italy
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14
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Ghosh P. Novel active pharmaceutical ingredients from India: The actors-Part-I. MGM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_12_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Chauhan N, Kruse A, Newby H, Jaggi M, Yallapu MM, Chauhan SC. Pluronic Polymer-Based Ormeloxifene Nanoformulations Induce Superior Anticancer Effects in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1147-1156. [PMID: 31984272 PMCID: PMC6977081 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of safe cytotoxic agents with precise anticancer activity is considered as the prime focus of cancer therapeutics research. A greater incentive for such agents arises from the molecules/drugs that are already being used for other indications. Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a nonsteroidal, nonhormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), which has been in human use for contraception purposes. Although in the recent past, many reports have suggested its emerging role as an anticancer agent, no significant attention was paid toward generating simple and safe nanoformulation(s) for improved therapeutic activity and tumor cell-specific delivery. Our aim is to develop nanoformulation(s) of ormeloxifene to improve its targeted delivery in tumor cells. We developed ormeloxifene nanoformulation(s) by utilizing various biocompatible polymers. The optimized formulations with pluronic polymers F127 and F68 show improved nanoparticle characteristics. These formulations show enhanced cellular uptake that allows ormeloxifene's intracellular availability. We further evaluated its improved anticancer activity by performing cell proliferation, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting assays. Overall, this study confirms possible novel nanoformulation(s) of ormeloxifene to be evolved as a new therapeutic modality for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chauhan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
| | - Amber Kruse
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
- Division
of Natural Sciences, Mount Marty College, Yankton, South Dakota 57078, United States
| | - Hilary Newby
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
- Division
of Natural Sciences, Augustana College, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
- E-mail: . Tel: +1 (956) 296 1734 (M.M.Y.)
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas 78504, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Cancer
Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States
- E-mail: . Tel: +1 (956) 296 5000 (S.C.C.)
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16
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You Y, Li TT, Yuan SP, Xie KX, Wang ZH, Zhao JQ, Zhou MQ, Yuan WC. Catalytic asymmetric [4+2] cycloaddition of 1-((2-aryl)vinyl)naphthalen-2-ols with in situ generated ortho-quinone methides for the synthesis of polysubstituted chromanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:439-442. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08316b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric [4+2] cycloaddition of 1-((2-aryl)vinyl)naphthalen-2-ols with in situ generated ortho-quinone methides enables the highly enantioselective synthesis of polysubstituted chromanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong You
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Shu-Pei Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Ke-Xin Xie
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
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Genistein potentiates Centchroman induced antineoplasticity in breast cancer via PI3K/Akt deactivation and ROS dependent induction of apoptosis. Life Sci 2019; 239:117073. [PMID: 31751581 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recently, strategies of cancer treatment using combination of agents with distinct molecular mechanism(s) of action are considered more promising due to its high efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity. The study is aimed to improve the efficacy of selective estrogen receptor modulator, Centchroman (CC) by combination with the phytoestrogen Genistein (GN). METHODS Cytotoxicity was evaluated by Sulforhodamine B assay. Cell cycle analysis was done through flow cytometry. Further, Apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V/PI staining, tunel assay and electron microscopic examination and verified using western blot analysis. In order to validate the in vitro results, in vivo analysis was performed using 4T1-syngeneic mouse model. KEY FINDINGS In this study, we report that the dietary isoflavone genistein (GN) synergistically improved antineoplasticity of CC in breast cancer by arresting cells at G2/M phase culminating in ROS dependent apoptosis. The combination of CC plus GN caused dysregulation of Bax and Bcl-2 ratio inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of Caspase-3/7, -9 and PARP cleavage. Further, combination significantly suppresses phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB, enhancing apoptosis. Additionally, combination markedly reduced tumor growth compared to CC and GN alone in mouse 4T1 breast tumor model. SIGNIFICANCE Together, these studies suggest that GN represents a potential adjunct molecule whose role in CC induced apoptosis deserves attention.
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Kabra R, Allagh KP, Ali M, Jayathilaka CA, Mwinga K, Kiarie J. Scoping review to map evidence on mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, effectiveness and side effects of centchroman as a contraceptive pill. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030373. [PMID: 31594884 PMCID: PMC6797402 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically identify and map the available evidence on effectiveness, side effects, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action of centchroman as a contraceptive pill. INTRODUCTION Centchroman was introduced in the Indian national family planning programme in 2016 as a once-a-week short-term contraceptive pill/oral contraceptive. At present there are no WHO recommendations on this method of contraception. We examined the available evidence through a scoping review. METHODS A search was conducted inclusive to the years 1970-2019 on electronic databases, grey literature sources and reference lists of included studies to identify studies. The five stages of Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework were applied in undertaking this scoping review. RESULTS The review identified 33 studies conducted between 1976 and 2017. Two studies reported mechanism of action of centchroman. Pharmacokinetics was reported by five studies among non-breastfeeding women and four studies among breastfeeding women. Eight studies reported on effectiveness ranging from 93% to 100%. Pregnancies due to user failure ranged from 2.6% to 10.2%. Although side effects were reported in 13 studies, the incidence varied greatly between the studies. Continuous bleeding and prolonged cycles >45 days were the most commonly reported side effects. All studies conducted had a small sample size and the duration of follow-up of women was 12 months or less. Fifty-five per cent of studies were by the developers of the pill (Central Drug Research Institute) and results of the phase IV clinical trial were unavailable. CONCLUSIONS The scoping review shows that studies with robust designs and conducted in international context are lacking. Insufficient evidence exists on centchroman use as a postcoital contraceptive pill. The broad uncertainty in range of side effects and effectiveness in the studies implies insufficient evidence to make global recommendations on centchroman that is currently licensed as a contraceptive in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Kabra
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Moazzam Ali
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chandani Anoma Jayathilaka
- Department of Family Health, Gender and Life course, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kasonde Mwinga
- World Health Organization Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - James Kiarie
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Chauhan N, Maher DM, Hafeez BB, Mandil H, Singh MM, Yallapu MM, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Ormeloxifene nanotherapy for cervical cancer treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:7107-7121. [PMID: 31564868 PMCID: PMC6731961 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s200944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CxCa) ranks as the fourth most prevalent women-related cancer worldwide. Therefore, there is a crucial need to develop newer treatment modalities. Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a non-steroidal, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used as an oral contraceptive in humans. Recent investigations suggest that ORM exhibits potent anti-cancer activity against various types of cancers. Nanoparticulates offer targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs with minimal toxicity and promise newer approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the nanotherapy approach is superior compared to traditional chemotherapy, which is not site-specific and is often associated with various side effects. METHODS Pursuing this novel nanotherapy approach, our lab has recently developed ORM-loaded poly [lactic-co-glycolic acid] (PLGA), an FDA-approved biodegradable polymer, nanoparticles to achieve targeted drug delivery and improved bioavailability. Our optimized PLGA-ORM nanoformulation showed improved internalization in both dose- and energy-dependent manners, through endocytosis-mediated pathways in both Caski and SiHa cell lines. Additionally, we employed MTS and colony forming assays to determine the short- and long-term effects of PLGA-ORM on these cells. RESULTS Our results showed that this formulation demonstrated improved inhibition of cellular proliferation and clonogenic potential compared to free ORM. Furthermore, the PLGA-ORM nanoformulation exhibited superior anti-tumor activities in an orthotopic cervical cancer mouse model than free ORM. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings suggest that our novel nanoformulation has great potential for repurposing the drug and becoming a novel modality for CxCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Diane M Maher
- Sanford Research Center, USD, Sioux Falls, SD57104, USA
| | - Bilal B Hafeez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Hassan Mandil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
| | - Man M Singh
- Research and Development, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN38163, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
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Moradi K, Barneh F, Irian S, Amini M, Moradpoor R, Amanzadeh A, Choopani S, Rahimi H, Ghodselahi T, Boujar MM, Salimi M. Two Novel Tri-Aryl Derivatives Attenuate the Invasion-Promoting Effects of Stromal Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1002-1011. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190212123912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:The concept of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) to promote carcinoma progression has been recognized as a venue for research on novel anticancer drugs. Triaryl template-based structures are one of the pivotal structural features found in a number of compounds with a wide variety of biological properties including anti-breast cancer. Among the various factors triggering EMT program, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NF-κB as well as the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) have been widely investigated.Objective:Here, we aim to investigate the effect of two novel compounds A and B possessing triaryl structures, which interact with both COX-2 and TGF-β active sites and suppress NF-κB activation, on EMT in a co-culture system with breast cancer and stromal cells.Methods:MDA-MB-231 and bone-marrow mesenchymal stem (BM-MS) cells were co-cultured in a trans-well plate. Migration, matrigel-based invasion and colony formation in soft agar assays along with Real- time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to examine the effect of compounds A and B on the invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hours of co-culturing with BM-MSCs. In addition, TGF-beta interaction was investigated by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR).Results:BM-MSCs enhanced migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth of the co-cultured MDAMB- 231 cells. A reduction in E-cadherin level concomitant with an increase in vimentin and N-cadherin levels following the co-culture implied EMT as the underlying process. Compounds A and B inhibited invasion and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells co-cultured with BM-MSCs at 10µM. The observed inhibitory effects along with an increase in E-cadherin and a reduction in vimentin and ZEB2 levels suggest that the anti-invasive properties of compounds A and B might proceed through the blockade of stromal cell-induced EMT, mediated by their interaction with TGF-beta.Conclusion:These findings introduce compounds A and B as novel promising agents, which prevent EMT in invasive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Moradi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Barneh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Irian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Moradpoor
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Amanzadeh
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Choopani
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Rahimi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Massoud M. Boujar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Salimi
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Chauhan N, Maher DM, Yallapu MM, B Hafeez B, Singh MM, Chauhan SC, Jaggi M. A triphenylethylene nonsteroidal SERM attenuates cervical cancer growth. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10917. [PMID: 31358785 PMCID: PMC6662837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor modulator drug molecules of triphenylethylene family have gained considerable attention as anti-cancer agents. Despite recent advances in screening and development of HPV vaccines, cervical cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies as advanced stage metastatic disease is mostly untreatable, thus warrants newer therapeutic strategies. Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a well-known SERM of triphenylethylene family that has been approved for human use, thus represents an ideal molecule for repurposing. In this study, we for the first time have demonstrated the anti-cancerous properties of ormeloxifene in cervical cancer. Ormeloxifene efficiently attenuated tumorigenic and metastatic properties of cervical cancer cells via arresting cell cycle at G1-S transition, inducing apoptosis, decreasing PI3K and Akt phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and modulating G1-S transition related proteins (p21, cyclin E and Cdk2). Moreover, ORM repressed the expression of HPV E6/ E7 oncoproteins and restored the expression of their downstream target tumor suppressor proteins (p53, Rb and PTPN 13). As a result, ormeloxifene induces radio-sensitization in cervical cancer cells and caused potent tumor growth inhibition in orthotopic mouse model. Taken together, ormeloxifene represents an alternative therapeutic modality for cervical cancer which may have rapid clinical translation as it is already proven safe for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 38163, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 78504, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Diane M Maher
- Sanford Research Center, USD, 57104, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 38163, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 78504, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Bilal B Hafeez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 38163, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 78504, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Man M Singh
- Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 38163, Memphis, TN, USA. .,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 78504, McAllen, TX, USA.
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 38163, Memphis, TN, USA. .,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 78504, McAllen, TX, USA.
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22
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Li F, He F, Sun Q, Li Q, Zhai Y, Wang X, Zhang T, Lin J. Reproductive history and risk of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study in eastern China. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:174-181. [PMID: 30583142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are potential mechanisms of female hormones in depression, conflicting results still exist in epidemiological studies. This study aimed to determine whether reproductive history, an important indicator of estrogen exposure across the lifetime, is associated with risk of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. METHODS We analyzed the baseline data from Zhejiang Ageing and Health Cohort Study including 5537 postmenopausal women. Depressive symptoms were assessed through the application of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale (PHQ-9). Logistic regression models, controlling for an extensive range of potential confounders, were generated to examine the association between reproductive history and risk of depressive symptoms in later life. RESULTS Longer reproductive period (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.972, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.955-0.989), regular menstrual cycle (OR = 0.723, 95% CI 0.525-0.995), later age at first gave birth (OR = 0.953, 95% CI 0.919-0.988) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of late-life depressive symptoms. Among women with regular menstrual cycle, longer cycle length increased the risk (OR = 1.050, 95% CI 1.016-1.085). Meanwhile, more full-term pregnancies and more incomplete pregnancies were related to higher prevalence of depressive symptoms. Women who underwent tubal sterilization as only type of contraceptive surgery were found less likely to suffer depressive symptoms in later life (OR = 0.433, 95% CI 0.348-0.538). LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data could not make a causation conclusion. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that reproductive factors were significantly associated with risk of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. Further longitudinal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fudong Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Tongxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Tongxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junfen Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Ghassab-Abdollahi N, Mirghafourvand M, Osouli Tabrizi S. The effect of centchroman on mastalgia: a systematic review. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2019; 24:71-79. [PMID: 30730217 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2018.1564816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We carried out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the effect of centchroman on mastalgia as well as any side effects. METHODS The databases of the Cochrane Library, Medline (PubMed), Embase, ProQuest and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched. The quality of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised clinical trials. The quality of non-randomised clinical trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomised studies of interventions (ROBINS-I). Owing to different outcomes reporting, a meta-analysis of the results was not possible. RESULTS Thirteen papers were included in the study. Of these, 12 showed a significant effect of centchroman in reducing breast pain at 3 months. One study that compared the effect of centchroman with that of tamoxifen reported a significant reduction in breast pain in both groups at 3 months; the difference between the two groups was not significant. Six studies showed the effectiveness of centchroman at 6 months. None of the papers reported any serious side effects of centchroman. CONCLUSIONS Since a meta-analysis could not be conducted and the quality of the papers was low, there was insufficient evidence to evaluate the effect of centchroman on mastalgia. It is therefore recommended to conduct well-designed RCTs to compare the effect of centchroman on mastalgia with that of a placebo or other medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Ghassab-Abdollahi
- a Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Students' Research Committee , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- b Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,c Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Shirin Osouli Tabrizi
- a Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Students' Research Committee , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
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Nonhormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator 1-(2-[4-{(3R,4S)-7-Methoxy-2, 2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-chroman-4yl}phenoxy]ethyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride (ormeloxifene hydrochloride) for the treatment of breast cancer. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:275-286. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Spanka M, Schneider C. Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Aldehyde Addition to in Situ Generated o-Quinone Methides: An Enantio- and Diastereoselective Entry toward cis-3,4-Diaryl Dihydrocoumarins. Org Lett 2018; 20:4769-4772. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Spanka
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Deutschland
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26
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Sirohi VK, Gupta K, Kumar R, Shukla V, Dwivedi A. Selective estrogen receptor modulator ormeloxifene suppresses embryo implantation via inducing miR-140 and targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in rat uterus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 178:272-282. [PMID: 29330027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ormeloxifene, the non-steroidal SERM contraceptive, inhibits endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation via countering nidatory estrogen. However, the molecular mechanism of ormeloxifene action responsible for its contraceptive efficacy still remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify the miRNAs modulated under the influence of ormeloxifene and to explore their role in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. By doing microRNA sequencing analysis, a total of 168 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in uterine tissue of ormeloxifene-treated rats, on day 5 (10:00 h) of pregnancy i.e. peri-implantation period. Out of differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-140 expression was found to be elevated in ormeloxifene administered groups and was selected for detailed investigation. In-vivo gain-of-function of miR-140 resulted in a significant reduction of implantation sites indicating its role in embryo implantation. The experiment on delayed implantation showed that estradiol caused down-regulation of miR-140. It also suppressed the attachment and outgrowth of BeWo spheroids to RL95-2 endometrial cells. In transwell migration assay, miR-140 was found to be involved in suppression of migration and invasion of endometrial epithelial cells. The ormeloxifene treatment caused up-regulation of miR-140 along with down-regulated expression of its target IGF1R in endometrial epithelial and stromal cells which also led to the suppression of downstream effectors integrin β3 and FAK. In mimic miR-140 receiving horn, the reduced expression of IGF1R was observed along with suppressed downstream integrin β3 and FAK similar to that observed in uteri of ormeloxifene- treated rats. Taken together, these findings suggest that ormeloxifene-induced inhibition of embryo implantation occurs via inducing miR-140 and altering its target IGF1R in rat uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Sirohi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Kanchan Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Vinay Shukla
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anila Dwivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Kaushik S, Shyam H, Sharma R, Balapure AK. Dietary isoflavone daidzein synergizes centchroman action via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in MCF-7/MDA MB-231 human breast cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:116-124. [PMID: 29496164 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in the prognosis and management of breast cancer, it remains a major cause of mortality in women worldwide. Centchroman (CC), an oral contraceptive has been found to exhibit anti-cancer potential against a wide range of cancer including breast cancer. PURPOSE The present study is intended to evaluate the ability of soy isoflavone Daidzein (DZ) in enhancing the efficacy of CC in Human Breast Cancer Cells (HBCCs). METHODS/STUDY DESIGN Sulforhodamine B assay was employed to determine the cytotoxicity induced by 10 µM CC & 50 µM DZ separately and together in MCF-7/MDA MB-231 HBCCs and non-tumorigenic Human Mammary Epithelial Cells (HMECs) MCF-10A as a control. Combination Index (CI) analysis was executed using CompuSyn software. Further, apoptosis was assessed using Annexin V/PI, AO/PI staining and tunel assay. Cell cycle, reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potential alteration was determined using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was performed to check the expression of respective proteins. RESULTS The results suggest that the combination exerts elevated toxicity as compared to control and each drug per se without affecting HMECs MCF-10A. This therefore implies cancer cell specific action of CC plus DZ administered together. Additionally, combination index analysis suggests synergistic action of CC and DZ combination in HBCCs. Cell cycle analysis, Annexin V/PI staining, tunel assay and western blot analysis confirms the induction of apoptosis by combination in HBCCs. Interestingly, western blot analysis also revealed that the combination down-regulated the expression of proteins involved in cell survival i.e. PI3K, Akt and mTOR, suggesting inhibition of cell survival pathway. CONCLUSION The results overall demonstrate that CC plus DZ has higher anticancer efficacy as compared to either drug alone. Hence, the combination of CC plus DZ may offer a novel strategy for the management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Kaushik
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Hari Shyam
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ramesh Sharma
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anil K Balapure
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India.
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Centchroman regulates breast cancer angiogenesis via inhibition of HIF-1α/VEGFR2 signalling axis. Life Sci 2018; 193:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sharma A, Jaiswal S, Shukla M, Lal J. Effect of arteether and pyrimethamine coadministration on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of ormeloxifene. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:971-976. [PMID: 28689253 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The study was intended to investigate the effect of concomitant administration of antimalarial drug (pyrimethamine or arteether) on pharmacokinetic and post coitus contraceptive efficacy of ormeloxifene in female Sprague-Dawley rats. A serial sampling technique coupled with LC-MS/MS detection was utilized for quantification of ormeloxifene in plasma samples collected from female rats treated with ormeloxifene only and ormeloxifene with pyrimethamine or arteether. Coitus-proven female rats were utilized to investigate the effect of pyrimethamine or arteether coadministration on contraceptive efficacy of ormeloxifene by investigating the presence or absence of implantations and status of corpora lutea on day 10 post coitum. None of the sperm-positive rats treated with ormeloxifene with or without coadministration of pyrimethamine or arteether showed any sign of pregnancy, confirming that concomitant administration of antimalarial drugs (pyrimethamine or arteether) did not affect the pharmacodynamic profile of ormeloxifene. Although there was no sign of pharmacodynamic interaction, the volume of distribution of ormeloxifene increased significantly on cotreatment with pyrimethamine. However, coadministration of arteether did not affect any of the pharmacokinetic parameters of ormeloxifene. The compiled results of preliminary study in female rats support that pyrimethamine or arteether can be prescribed with ormeloxifene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisheak Sharma
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Swati Jaiswal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mahendra Shukla
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Hafeez BB, Ganju A, Sikander M, Kashyap VK, Hafeez ZB, Chauhan N, Malik S, Massey AE, Tripathi MK, Halaweish FT, Zafar N, Singh MM, Yallapu MM, Chauhan SC, Jaggi M. Ormeloxifene Suppresses Prostate Tumor Growth and Metastatic Phenotypes via Inhibition of Oncogenic β-catenin Signaling and EMT Progression. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2267-2280. [PMID: 28615299 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ormeloxifene is a clinically approved selective estrogen receptor modulator, which has also shown excellent anticancer activity, thus it can be an ideal repurposing pharmacophore. Herein, we report therapeutic effects of ormeloxifene on prostate cancer and elucidate a novel molecular mechanism of its anticancer activity. Ormeloxifene treatment inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process as evident by repression of N-cadherin, Slug, Snail, vimentin, MMPs (MMP2 and MMP3), β-catenin/TCF-4 transcriptional activity, and induced the expression of pGSK3β. In molecular docking analysis, ormeloxifene showed proficient docking with β-catenin and GSK3β. In addition, ormeloxifene induced apoptosis, inhibited growth and metastatic potential of prostate cancer cells and arrested cell cycle in G0-G1 phase via modulation of cell-cycle regulatory proteins (inhibition of Mcl-1, cyclin D1, and CDK4 and induction of p21 and p27). In functional assays, ormeloxifene remarkably reduced tumorigenic, migratory, and invasive potential of prostate cancer cells. In addition, ormeloxifene treatment significantly (P < 0.01) regressed the prostate tumor growth in the xenograft mouse model while administered through intraperitoneal route (250 μg/mouse, three times a week). These molecular effects of ormeloxifene were also observed in excised tumor tissues as shown by immunohistochemistry analysis. Our results, for the first time, demonstrate repurposing potential of ormeloxifene as an anticancer drug for the treatment of advanced stage metastatic prostate cancer through a novel molecular mechanism involving β-catenin and EMT pathway. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(10); 2267-80. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Bin Hafeez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mohammed Sikander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Vivek K Kashyap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zubair Bin Hafeez
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shabnam Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Andrew E Massey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Manish K Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Nadeem Zafar
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Man M Singh
- Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, Tennessee.
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Kaushik S, Shyam H, Sharma R, Balapure AK. Genistein synergizes centchroman action in human breast cancer cells. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 48:637-642. [PMID: 28066099 PMCID: PMC5155462 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.194852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, it remains a major health problem in women. Natural flavones along with chemotherapeutic agents enhance therapeutic response and minimize toxicity of chemical agents. Centchroman (CC) colloquially called as ormeloxifene, is a nonsteroidal oral contraceptive categorized as selective estrogen receptor modulator with anti-breast cancer activity. Genistein (GN), an isoflavone found mainly in soy products possesses anti-cancerous potential against a number of cancers including breast. The present study aims at investigating the combination of CC and GN in human breast cancer cell lines (HBCCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxic effect of CC and GN separately and in combination were assessed by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay in MDA MB-231, MDA MB-468, MCF-7, T-47D HBCCs, and nontumorigenic human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) MCF-10A. The drug interaction was analyzed using CompuSyn software through which combination index and dose reduction index were generated. RESULTS Combination of CC plus GN exerts significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to each drug per se in HBCCs, whereas HMEC-MCF-10A remains unaffected. CONCLUSION On an overall basis, the drugs in combination enhanced cell killing in malignant cells. Therefore, the combination of CC with GN may offer a novel approach for the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Kaushik
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hari Shyam
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Advance Research, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Sharma
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil K Balapure
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Quest for steroidomimetics: Amino acids derived steroidal and nonsteroidal architectures. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 133:139-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Aims: This study is aimed at finding out a logical solution for perimenopausal menorrhagia in normal or bulky uterus. Settings and Design: The study is carried out at a tertiary care hospital at Odisha. In our setup, nearly 900 hysterectomies are done per year out of which 60% are for menorrhagia with bulky uterus. Subjects and Methods: There were sixty cases of menorrhagia between the ages of 40 and 55 years who completed child bearing treated with ormeloxifene. Their endometrial thickness (ET) and hemoglobin (Hb) level were determined at the start of the study and also at 6 months and compared. At 1 year from the start of treatment, patients' satisfaction and status of menstrual cycle were reassessed. Statistical Analysis Used: Age and parity variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and range. We used the paired samples t-test to estimate the mean, median, range, P and t value. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 11.5 (IBM Corp) and tests of statistical significance were two-sided and differences were taken as significant when P < 0.05. Results: After 1 year of follow-up, 90% of patients found to be amenorrhoic and only two out of them presented with mild irritability and vasomotor complaints which resolved with counseling and placebo therapy. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.0001) in ET and rise in Hb level (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Ormeloxifene is a safe drug which can be used to treatment of perimenopausal bleeding with minimal focal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapasi Pati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kabita Chanania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Satyabhama Marandi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jagadish Hansa
- Directorate of Medical Research, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Rajswaroob U, Kannan R, Kannan NS, Tirouaroul T. Effectiveness of Centchroman on Regression of Fibroadenosis and Mastalgia. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:PC10-PC14. [PMID: 27891390 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/20108.8604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fibroadenosis and mastalgia are common among the women in reproductive age group. Treatment for these conditions is not yet standardised. Most of the drugs used for fibroadenosis and mastalgia are expensive and have side effects. AIM To find out the efficacy of centchroman, a Selective Estrogens Receptor Modulator (SERM) on regression of fibroadenosis and mastalgia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty one patients with mastalgia/fibroadenosis were treated with centchroman 30mg once daily on alternate days for a period of 3 months and followed up weekly for six months with Mastalgia chart and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score. RESULTS Before starting treatment, four patients presented with pain score of 6 followed by, 37 patients with a score of 4 and 10 patients with a score of 2. All the patients were started on tab centchroman 30mg OD alternate days and were reviewed on weekly basis with Mastalgia chart and VAS pain score for three months. On fifth and sixth visit, 46 patients reported with pain score 0, one with pain score of 2 and four with pain score of 6. The efficacy of centchroman was found to be significant (p-value = 0.001). Three patients (5.9%) reported epigastric pain and ten patients (19.6%) reported menstrual delay. A total of 38 patients did not complain of any side effect. CONCLUSION Our study proves that centchroman is a safe and cost effective drug with significant efficacy on regression of fibroadenosis and mastalgia with minimal side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Rajswaroob
- Resident, Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth , Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, India
| | - Rajendiran Kannan
- Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth , Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, India
| | - Narayanasamy Subbaraju Kannan
- Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth , Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, India
| | - T Tirouaroul
- Professor and Head, Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth , Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, India
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Kriplani A, Srivastava A, Kulshrestha V, Kachhawa G, Agarwal N, Bhatla N, Hari S. Efficacy of ormeloxifene versus oral contraceptive in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to uterine leiomyoma. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 42:1744-1752. [PMID: 27647770 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare ormeloxifene with combined oral contraceptive (COC) in abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) due to leiomyoma (AUB-L). METHODS Fifty women with AUB-L were randomized after informed consent and institute ethics clearance. Group I (n = 25) was given ormeloxifene (a SERM i.e. selective estrogen receptor modulator) 60 mg twice per week and group II (n = 25) was given COC (ethinyl estradiol 30 μg with desogestrel 150 μg) on days 1-21 for 6 months. Menstrual blood loss was assessed on pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score and leiomyoma volume was assessed on ultrasound. Fibroids were classified according to FIGO-PALM-COEIN classification for AUB where leiomyomas were further sub-classified as types 0 to 8 according to their location. Follow up was done at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. RESULTS Mean PBAC score reduced by 81% with ormeloxifene (group I) compared with 43.8% for COC (group II). After 6 months, 18 patients (72%) in group I had PBAC score in the non-menorrhagic range (<100) compared with only two (8%) in group II. In group I, PBAC score in FIGO-PALM-COEIN leiomyoma types 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 reduced by 90.2%, 82.5%, 93.3%, 56.4% and 100%, respectively and 14 (56%) developed amenorrhea; compared with reduction of 64%, 27.5%, 25.9% in types 4, 5 and 6, respectively in group II. Dysmenorrhea visual analog scale score decreased in both groups. Mean leiomyoma volume increased in both groups: by 25.7% with ormeloxifene versus 16.9% with COC; only grade 2 leiomyoma in group I reduced by 44%. One patient in group II with grade 2 leiomyoma discontinued treatment at 3 months. Seven patients (28%) developed ovarian cyst in group I with no other major adverse effect in either group. CONCLUSION Ormeloxifene with its convenient twice-weekly dosage schedule was effective in treating AUB-L, with 72% of patients responding to 6-month treatment compared with 8% with COC, even though leiomyoma volume increased insignificantly with both ormeloxifene and COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Kriplani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Astha Srivastava
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidushi Kulshrestha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Kachhawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nutan Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neerja Bhatla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Smriti Hari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Agrawal S, Ahmad H, Dwivedi M, Shukla M, Arya A, Sharma K, Lal J, Dwivedi AK. PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles potentiate repurposing of ormeloxifene in breast cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2147-69. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Development and optimization of ormeloxifene-loaded PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) for enhancing its literature profound therapeutic activity against breast cancer. Methods: CNPs were prepared by ionotropic gelation method and characterized. Results: Optimized formulation (CNPs10) had average 304 nm particle size with 0.247 polydispersity index and spherical shape with +31 mV surface charge. CNPs10 had 88.37% entrapment efficiency and 20.93% loading efficiency. CNPs10 demonstrated dose-dependent enhancement in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3 in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells over free ormeloxifene. In vivo studies divulged improved pharmacokinetic parameters, reduced toxicity, suppressed tumor burden and increased survival in CNPs10-treated female Sprague–Dawley rats. Conclusion: PEGylated CNPs enhanced anticancer activity of ormeloxifene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Agrawal
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Hafsa Ahmad
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Monika Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Mahendra Shukla
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Abhishek Arya
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Komal Sharma
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Anil Kumar Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
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Rathi J, Chawla I, Singh K, Chawla A. Centchroman as First-line Treatment for Mastalgia: Results of an Open-label, Single-arm Trial. Breast J 2016; 22:407-12. [PMID: 27059808 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mastalgia is a distressing symptom and may be severe enough to interfere with usual daily activities. Breast pain is either cyclical or noncyclical. Currently; multiple options are available for the treatment of mastalgia including hormonal and nonhormonal agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of centchroman as a nonhormonal first-line treatment for moderate to severe mastalgia. To accomplish this; a prospective open-label, single-arm study was done using the Pretest-Posttest Design. A total of 100 women suffering from mastalgia were grouped according to the characteristic pattern of breast pain (cyclic and noncyclic) and received centchroman 30 mg/day for 12 weeks followed by observation for 12 weeks. The efficacy analysis of centchroman was done by comparing median Visual Analog Scale score, median pain duration and side effects over time among the two groups. Centchroman significantly alleviates mastalgia with minimal side effects. The median pain score was significantly reduced over successive visits (1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks). The median pain duration decreased remarkably over time in comparison to the baseline (p = 0.001). Overall the response rate was 88% at the end of 12 weeks and 85% at the end of 24 weeks. The drug was found more effective with a quicker response in cyclic pattern of matalgia. Complete response was observed in 66% of cyclic mastalgia and 40% of noncyclic mastalgia patients at 1 week of therapy. The response was improved over time in both groups and at completion of treatment (12 weeks) 92% patients in cyclic group and 80% patients in noncyclic group were pain free. The effect of the drug persisted till the completion (24 weeks) of the study (p = 0.001). These results imply that centchroman is very effective in treating breast pain and can be prescribed as drug of first choice for mastalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalaj Rathi
- Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Inderjit Chawla
- Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Karnail Singh
- Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Arjun Chawla
- M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Mullana, India
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Simultaneous determination of centchroman and tamoxifen along with their metabolites in rat plasma using LC-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2016; 7:967-79. [PMID: 25966009 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Tamoxifen and centchroman are two non-steroidal, selective estrogen receptors modulators, intended for long term therapy in the woman. Because of their wide spread use, there is a possibility of co-prescription of these agents. MATERIALS & METHODS We studied the probable pharmacokinetic interaction between these agents in breast cancer model rats. A simple, sensitive and rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of tamoxifen, centchroman and their active metabolites. RESULTS The method was linear over a range of 0.2-200 ng/ml. All validation parameters met the acceptance criteria according to regulatory guidelines. CONCLUSION LC-MS/MS method for determination of tamoxifen, centchroman and their metabolites was developed and validated. Results show the potential of drug-drug interaction upon co-administration these two marketed drugs.
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Sharma A, Jaiswal S, Shukla M, Malik MY, Lal J. Rapid quantitative analysis of ormeloxifene and its active metabolite, 7-desmethyl ormeloxifene, in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 997:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ahmad H, Gupta V, Dwivedi AP, Katti SB, Dwivedi AK. Chiral Separation of Ormeloxifene Hydrochloride, a Non-steroidal Contraceptive Agent. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 54:125-9. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Khan S, Ebeling MC, Chauhan N, Thompson PA, Gara RK, Ganju A, Yallapu MM, Behrman SW, Zhao H, Zafar N, Singh MM, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Ormeloxifene suppresses desmoplasia and enhances sensitivity of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2292-304. [PMID: 25840985 PMCID: PMC4452412 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely poor due to lack of an efficient therapy and development of chemoresistance to the current standard therapy, gemcitabine. Recent studies implicate the intimate reciprocal interactions between epithelia and underlying stroma due to paracrine Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling in producing desmoplasia and chemoresistance in PDAC. Herein, we report for the first time that a nonsteroidal drug, ormeloxifene, has potent anticancer properties and depletes tumor-associated stromal tissue by inhibiting the SHH signaling pathway in PDAC. We found that ormeloxifene inhibited cell proliferation and induced death in PDAC cells, which provoked us to investigate the combinatorial effects of ormeloxifene with gemcitabine at the molecular level. Ormeloxifene caused potent inhibition of the SHH signaling pathway via downregulation of SHH and its related important downstream targets such as Gli-1, SMO, PTCH1/2, NF-κB, p-AKT, and cyclin D1. Ormeloxifene potentiated the antitumorigenic effect of gemcitabine by 75% in PDAC xenograft mice. Furthermore, ormeloxifene depleted tumor-associated stroma in xenograft tumor tissues by inhibiting the SHH cellular signaling pathway and mouse/human collagen I expression. Xenograft tumors treated with ormeloxifene in combination with gemcitabine restored the tumor-suppressor miR-132 and inhibited stromal cell infiltration into the tumor tissues. In addition, invasiveness of tumor cells cocultivated with TGFβ-stimulated human pancreatic stromal cells was effectively inhibited by ormeloxifene treatment alone or in combination with gemcitabine. We propose that ormeloxifene has high therapeutic index and in a combination therapy with gemcitabine, it possesses great promise as a treatment of choice for PDAC/pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mara C Ebeling
- Cancer Biology and Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Paul A Thompson
- Methodology and Data Analysis Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Rishi K Gara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Stephen W Behrman
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Cancer Biology and Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Nadeem Zafar
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee at Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
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Khan S, Chauhan N, Yallapu MM, Ebeling MC, Balakrishna S, Ellis RT, Thompson PA, Balabathula P, Behrman SW, Zafar N, Singh MM, Halaweish FT, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Nanoparticle formulation of ormeloxifene for pancreatic cancer. Biomaterials 2015; 53:731-43. [PMID: 25890768 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer with about an 85% mortality rate; thus, an utmost need exists to discover new therapeutic modalities that would enhance therapy outcomes of this disease with minimal or no side effects. Ormeloxifene (ORM), a synthetic molecule, has exhibited potent anti-cancer effects through inhibition of important oncogenic and proliferation signaling pathways. However, the anti-cancer efficacy of ORM can be further improved by developing its nanoformulation, which will also offer tumor specific targeted delivery. Therefore, we have developed a novel ORM encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle (NP) formulation (PLGA-ORM NP). This formulation was characterized for particle size, chemical composition, and drug loading efficiency, using various physico-chemical methods (TEM, FT-IR, DSC, TGA, and HPLC). Because of its facile composition, this novel formulation is compatible with antibody/aptamer conjugation to achieve tumor specific targeting. The particle size analysis of this PLGA-ORM formulation (∼100 nm) indicates that this formulation can preferentially reach and accumulate in tumors by the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect. Cellular uptake and internalization studies demonstrate that PLGA-ORM NPs escape lysosomal degradation, providing efficient endosomal release to cytosol. PLGA-ORM NPs showed remarkable anti-cancer potential in various pancreatic cancer cells (HPAF-II, AsPC-1, BxPC-3, Panc-1, and MiaPaca) and a BxPC-3 xenograft mice model resulting in increased animal survival. PLGA-ORM NPs suppressed pancreatic tumor growth via suppression of Akt phosphorylation and expression of MUC1, HER2, PCNA, CK19 and CD31. This study suggests that the PLGA-ORM formulation is highly efficient for the inhibition of pancreatic tumor growth and thus can be valuable for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mara C Ebeling
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Swathi Balakrishna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Robert T Ellis
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul A Thompson
- Methodology and Data Analysis Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Pavan Balabathula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Systems, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stephen W Behrman
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nadeem Zafar
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee at Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Man M Singh
- Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Fathi T Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Maher DM, Khan S, Nordquist JL, Ebeling MC, Bauer NA, Kopel L, Singh MM, Halaweish F, Bell MC, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Ormeloxifene efficiently inhibits ovarian cancer growth. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:606-12. [PMID: 25306892 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer related deaths for women. Anticancer agents effective against chemo-resistant cells are greatly needed for ovarian cancer treatment. Repurposing drugs currently in human use is an attractive strategy for developing novel cancer treatments with expedited translation into clinical trials. Therefore, we examined whether ormeloxifene (ORM), a non-steroidal Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) currently used for contraception, is therapeutically effective at inhibiting ovarian cancer growth. We report that ORM treatment inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines, including cell lines resistant to cisplatin. Furthermore, ORM treatment decreases Akt phosphorylation, increases p53 phosphorylation, and modulates the expression and localization patterns of p27, cyclin E, cyclin D1, and CDK2. In a pre-clinical xenograft mouse ORM treatment significantly reduces tumorigenesis and metastasis. These results indicate that ORM effectively inhibits the growth of cisplatin resistant ovarian cancer cells. ORM is currently in human use and has an established record of patient safety. Our encouraging in vitro and pre-clinical in vivo findings indicate that ORM is a promising candidate for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Maher
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jordan L Nordquist
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Mara C Ebeling
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Nichole A Bauer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Lucas Kopel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, SD 57007, USA
| | | | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, SD 57007, USA
| | - Maria C Bell
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Departments of OB/GYN and Basic Biomedical Science Division, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, SD 57105, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Balganesh T, Kundu TK, Chakraborty TK, Roy S. Drug discovery research in India: current state and future prospects. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:724-6. [PMID: 25050153 DOI: 10.1021/ml500183c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Indian civilization developed a strong system of traditional medicine and was one of the first nations to develop a synthetic drug. In the postindependence era, Indian pharmaceutical industry developed a strong base for production of generic drugs. Challenges for the future are to give its traditional medicine a strong scientific base and develop research and clinical capability to consistently produce new drugs based on advances in modern biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjore Balganesh
- Council
of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Tapas K. Kundu
- Transcription
and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur PO, Bangalore 560
064, India
| | | | - Siddhartha Roy
- Division
of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Gara RK, Sundram V, Chauhan SC, Jaggi M. Anti-cancer potential of a novel SERM ormeloxifene. Curr Med Chem 2014; 20:4177-84. [PMID: 23895678 DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ormeloxifene is a non-steroidal Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) that is used as an oral contraceptive. Recent studies have shown its potent anti-cancer activities in breast, head and neck, and chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Several in vivo and clinical studies have reported that ormeloxifene possesses an excellent therapeutic index and has been well-tolerated, without any haematological, biochemical or histopathological toxicity, even with chronic administration. A reasonably long period of time and an enormous financial commitment are required to develop a lead compound into a clinically approved anti-cancer drug. For these reasons and to circumvent these obstacles, ormeloxifene is a promising candidate on a fast track for the development or repurposing established drugs as anti-cancer agents for cancer treatment. The current review summarizes recent findings on ormeloxifene as an anti-cancer agent and future prospects of this clinically safe pharmacophore.
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Bs D, Nanda SK. The role of sevista in the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:132-4. [PMID: 23450207 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2012/4794.2687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The complaints of excessive menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) have a substantial impact on the gynaecological services and in most of the cases, no organic pathology is identified. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tranexamic acid offer a simple therapy which has to be taken during menses, with reductions of 25-35% and 50% respectively in the Menstrual Blood Loss (MBL). Danazol and the gonadatrophin-releasing hormone analogues are highly effective, but their side-effects make them suitable only for a short-term use. In the present study, the role of ormeloxifene was studied in patients of DUB. MATERIALS & METHODS The subjects were diagnosed cases of DUB. After ruling out the possible causes of the abnormal uterine bleeding, a diagnosis of DUB was made and the treatment with ormiloxifene was started. The number of cases were 35 cases. The treatment with ormeloxifene was evaluated by measuring the Hb g/dl and the endometrial thickness before and after 3 months of treatment with sevista. Ormeloxifene was given in the dosage of a 60 mg tablet twice a week for 3 months, followed by once a week for another 3 months. OBSERVATION & RESULTS There was a statistically significant increase in the Hb g/dl (p < 0.001) and a statistically significant decrease in the endometrial thickness (p< 0.001) after the treatment with ormeloxifene. CONCLUSION Ormeloxifene can be used asa effective drug in the treatment of Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Bs
- Professor, Department of OBG, Sri Siddhartha Medical College Tumkur - 572107 Affiliated to Sri Siddhartha University
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Kharkwal G, Chandra V, Fatima I, Dwivedi A. Ormeloxifene inhibits osteoclast differentiation in parallel to downregulating RANKL-induced ROS generation and suppressing the activation of ERK and JNK in murine RAW264.7 cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2012; 48:261-70. [PMID: 22493142 DOI: 10.1530/jme-11-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ormeloxifene (Orm), a triphenylethylene compound, has been established as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that suppresses the ovariectomy-induced bone resorption in rats. However, the precise mechanism underlying the bone-preserving action of Orm remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Orm on osteoclast formation induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7. We also explored the mechanism of action of Orm by studying the RANKL-induced signaling pathways required for osteoclast differentiation. We found that Orm inhibited osteoclast formation from murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells induced by RANKL in a dose-dependent manner. Orm was able to abolish RANKL-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation and inhibited the transcriptional activation of two key RANKL-induced transcription factors namely activator protein-1 (AP-1) and NF-κB through mechanisms involving MAPKs. Activation of two MAPKs, i.e. ERK (MAPK1) and JNK (MAPK8), was alleviated by Orm effectively, which subsequently affected the activation of c-Jun and c-Fos, which are the essential components of the AP-1 transcription complex. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Orm potentially inhibits osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting ROS generation and thereby suppressing the activation of ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1) and JNK (MAPK8) and transcription factors (NF-κB and AP-1), which subsequently affect the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. These results provide a possible mechanism of action of Orm in regulating osteoclastogenesis, thereby supporting the beneficial bone-protective effects of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Kharkwal
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India
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Lal J, Sharma N. Simultaneous quantification of centchroman and its 7-demethylated metabolite in rat dried blood spot samples using LC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 26:1089-95. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow-226001; India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow-226001; India
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Tripathi A, Pandey S, Singh SV, Kumar Sharma N, Singh R. Bisphosphonate Therapy for Skeletal Malignancies and Metastases: Impact on Jaw Bones and Prosthodontic Concerns. J Prosthodont 2011; 20:601-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2011.00738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Malhotra KP, Sherpa M, Bhatia A. Centchroman: is unsupervised long-term use warranted? Case report. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2011; 16:403-6. [PMID: 21777048 DOI: 10.3109/13625187.2011.595851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Centchroman (Ormeloxifene) is a synthetic non-steroidal compound used as an oral and a post-coital contraceptive. It is currently under trial for treatment of breast cancer and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Centchroman has been reported to induce only minimal side effects and no hormonal imbalance. CASE A young woman who used centchroman for a long time in an unsupervised fashion presented with menorrhagia, which was controlled with norethisterone. Her massively enlarged uterus showed extensive decidual changes in a hyperplastic endometrium, and diffuse microglandular cervical hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS The case suggests a prominent oestrogenic effect of centchroman on the uterus. This could be a significant adverse effect related to prolonged therapy. Lengthy intake of centchroman requires medical surveillance and long-term studies are needed.
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