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Zhang Y, Ge G, Xu X, Wu J. Ensemble-Based Virtual Screening Led to the Discovery of Novel Lead Molecules as Potential NMBAs. Molecules 2024; 29:1955. [PMID: 38731447 PMCID: PMC11085220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are routinely used during anesthesia to relax skeletal muscle. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels; NMBAs can induce muscle paralysis by preventing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) from binding to nAChRs situated on the postsynaptic membranes. Despite widespread efforts, it is still a great challenge to find new NMBAs since the introduction of cisatracurium in 1995. In this work, an effective ensemble-based virtual screening method, including molecular property filters, 3D pharmacophore model, and molecular docking, was applied to discover potential NMBAs from the ZINC15 database. The results showed that screened hit compounds had better docking scores than the reference compound d-tubocurarine. In order to further investigate the binding modes between the hit compounds and nAChRs at simulated physiological conditions, the molecular dynamics simulation was performed. Deep analysis of the simulation results revealed that ZINC257459695 can stably bind to nAChRs' active sites and interact with the key residue Asp165. The binding free energies were also calculated for the obtained hits using the MM/GBSA method. In silico ADMET calculations were performed to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of hit compounds in the human body. Overall, the identified ZINC257459695 may be a promising lead compound for developing new NMBAs as an adjunct to general anesthesia, necessitating further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Drug Research and Development, Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Gonghui Ge
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Drug Research and Development, Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Kim YB, Sung TY, Yang HS. Factors that affect the onset of action of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. Korean J Anesthesiol 2017; 70:500-510. [PMID: 29046769 PMCID: PMC5645582 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2017.70.5.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular blockade plays an important role in the safe management of patient airways, surgical field improvement, and respiratory care. Rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia is indispensable to emergency surgery and obstetric anesthesia, and its purpose is to obtain a stable airway, adequate depth of anesthesia, and appropriate respiration within a short period of time without causing irritation or damage to the patient. There has been a continued search for new neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) with a rapid onset of action. Factors that affect the onset time include the potency of the NMBDs, the rate of NMBDs reaching the effect site, the onset time by dose control, metabolism and elimination of NMBDs, buffered diffusion to the effect site, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit affinity, drugs that affect acetylcholine (ACh) production and release at the neuromuscular junction, drugs that inhibit plasma cholinesterase, presynaptic receptors responsible for ACh release at the neuromuscular junction, anesthetics or drugs that affect muscle contractility, site and methods for monitoring neuromuscular function, individual variability, and coexisting disease. NMBDs with rapid onset without major adverse events are expected in the next few years, and the development of lower potency NMBDs will continue. Anesthesiologists should be aware of the use of NMBDs in the management of anesthesia. The choice of NMBD and determination of the appropriate dosage to modulate neuromuscular blockade characteristics such as onset time and duration of neuromuscular blockade should be considered along with factors that affect the effects of the NMBDs. In this review, we discuss the factors that affect the onset time of NMBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Tae-Yun Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hong Seuk Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent progress in the development of new muscle relaxants that are inactivated by cysteine, and considers the evolving paradigm of selective relaxant binding or degrading agents that can reverse neuromuscular blockade at any time. RECENT FINDINGS The benzylisoquinoline compound gantacurium is a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant with an ultrashort duration largely determined by the rapid rate at which endogenous L-cysteine binds to, and permanently inactivates, the molecule. Although the clinical development of gantacurium has been hampered by modest histamine release, preclinical studies demonstrating that the drug can be rapidly reversed by injecting L-cysteine led to the development of CW002, an intermediate duration molecule that can also be reversed at any time by L-cysteine injection. Clinical trials with CW002 are now underway. The ability to reverse complete paralysis with cysteine dovetails with the established selective aminosteroid binding agent sugammadex, and the recently described universal relaxant binding agent calabadion. Taken together, the concept of rapid reversal at any time raises the question of whether an ultrashort nondepolarizing drug is needed if safe and cost-effective relaxant binding agents are available. SUMMARY The gantacurium derivative CW002 is an intermediate duration, nondepolarizing, cysteine-inactivated, neuromuscular blocking drug currently in clinical trials. Like sugammadex reversal of rocuronium, CW002 can be reversed at any time by cysteine injection.
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Rao Z, Hu H, Tang J, Liu Z, Yang Y, Qiu G, Xiao Y, Liu P, Hu X, Zhou X, Hong X. Steroidal Ammonium Compounds as New Neuromuscular Blocking Agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 87:773-83. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Jiazhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Guofu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Xianming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Xiaoju Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
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Hu H, Rao Z, Feng M, Wu Z, Xu J, Chen H, Liu P, Xiao Y, Hong X, Hu X, Ke X. 3,16-Bisquaternary ammonium steroid derivatives as neuromuscular blocking agents: synthesis and biological evaluation. Steroids 2015; 96:103-14. [PMID: 25637675 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are widely used in surgery to achieve skeleton muscles relaxation under light anesthesia status. In this work, we synthesized a series of 3,16-bisquaternary ammonium steroidal NMBAs. Among them, three compounds exhibited higher in vitro activities than the commenced drug rocuronium. In addition, structure-activity relationship was unveiled. We found that the intact acetylcholine-like moiety in D-ring was not necessary for maintaining activity but both the acetyl group and the quaternary nitrogen were very essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhigang Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianbing Ke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Bioengineering Institute, Han-Shi Road 1, Yangluo Economic Development Zone, 430415 Wuhan, China.
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Cucurbit[n]uril type hosts for the reversal of steroidal neuromuscular blocking agents. Future Med Chem 2013; 5:2075-89. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ideal neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) is regarded as being a non-depolarizing equivalent of succinylcholine, having a rapid onset and short duration of action, with minimal side effects. In the absence of a single drug, the administration of an aminosteroid NMBA, such as rocuronium, followed by reversal using an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, such as neostigmine, is commonly employed. A different and safer approach to rapidly reversing the action of the NMBA, by encapsulating it with a macrocyclic or acyclic host molecule, such as the cyclodextrin sugammadex or more recently, cucurbituril-type hosts such as cyclic cucurbit[7]uril and the acyclic glycoluril tetramer calabadion 1, is described.
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16-Morpholino quaternary ammonium steroidal derivatives as neuromuscular blocking agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico probe of ligand–receptor interaction. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 56:332-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mishra BB, Tiwari VK. Natural products: An evolving role in future drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4769-807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gyermek L, Lee C. The development of ultrashort acting neuromuscular relaxant tropane derivatives. J Crit Care 2009; 24:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ke X, Hu H, Zhang K, Xu W, Zhu Q, Wu L, Hu X. Significant steroids: effective and general synthesis of 4α- and 4β-amino-5α-androstanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1037-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b817910g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Butler MS. Natural products to drugs: natural product-derived compounds in clinical trials. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:475-516. [PMID: 18497896 DOI: 10.1039/b514294f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural product and natural product-derived compounds that are being evaluated in clinical trials or are in registration (as at 31st December 2007) have been reviewed, as well as natural product-derived compounds for which clinical trials have been halted or discontinued since 2005. Also discussed are natural product-derived drugs launched since 2005, new natural product templates and late-stage development candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Butler
- MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 1 Science Park Road, The Capricorn 05-01, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528.
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Gyermek L, Lee C, Cho YM, Nguyen N. Quaternary derivatives of granatanol diesters: Potent, ultrashort acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular relaxants. Life Sci 2006; 79:559-69. [PMID: 16516930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of utilizing the granatanol: N-methyl [9-azabicyclo (3.3.1) nonane] 3-alpha-ol as the terminal group in a series of new bisquaternary azabicycyclic diester-type neuromuscular blocking agents. Fifty two bisquaternary ammonium derivatives of several dicarboxylic acid esters of granatanol and three similar derivatives of pseudo granatanol have been investigated for neuromuscular blocking (NMB) potency (ED(50) s), onset and recovery of action and for cardiovascular side effects. All agents were studied first in anesthetized rats, and selected agents were subjected to further pharmacodynamic testing in rabbits, juvenile pigs, cats, dogs and monkeys. One agent was tested in continuous i.v. infusion mode in comparison with its corresponding tropine diester and the aminosteroid muscle relaxant, rocuronium. Several new and highly potent NMB granatanol derivatives are described, which are largely similar in NMB potency to the previously described tropine: N-methyl [8-azabicyclo (3.2.1)] 3-alpha-ol diester derivatives. The majority of the presently described granatanol derivatives displayed ultrashort onset and duration of actions. In that respect some of these agents proved to be the fastest and shortest acting non-depolarizing muscle relaxants described so far. On the negative side, many, but not all, granatanol derivatives produced cardiovascular side effects: e.g. changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Like with the similar tropinyl diester derivatives, cardiac vagal block was present with the majority of these agents as assessed in the rat, pig and cat. Few glutaryl, fumaryl and cyclobutane (trans) 1,2-dicarboxylyl granatanol diesters quaternized with disubstituted benzyl halides, bearing p-acyloxy radicals, showed excellent NMB profile. In these derivatives, however, the rapid decomposition of the p-acyloxy groups leads to formation of toxic quinone methene metabolites which precludes their further pharmaceutical development. The pseudo granatanol derivatives were less potent in the rat than the corresponding granatanols and were not further investigated. We conclude that the 9-azabicyclo (3.3.1) nonane (granatane) ring system can successfully replace the similar 8-azabicyclo (3.2.1) octane (tropane) ring system in building potent, utrashort acting NMB agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Gyermek
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, California 90509, USA.
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