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Ding L, Sun M, Sun Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Dang S, Zhang J, Yang B, Dai Y, Zhou Q, Zhou D, Li E, Peng S, Li G. MCM8 promotes gastric cancer progression through RPS15A and predicts poor prognosis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7424. [PMID: 38988047 PMCID: PMC11236911 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Minichromsome maintenance proteins family member 8 (MCM8) assists DNA repair and DNA replication. MCM8 exerts tumor promotor function in multiple digestive system tumors. MCM8 is also considered as a potential cancer therapeutic target. METHODS Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze MCM8 expression and clinicopathological significance. MCM8 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and qRT-PCR. MCM8 functions in GC cell were explored by Celigo cell counting, colony formation, wound-healing, transwell, and annexin V-APC staining assays. The target of MCM8 was determined by human gene expression profile microarray. Human phospho-kinase array kit evaluated changes in key proteins after ribosomal protein S15A (RPS15A) knockdown. MCM8 functions were reassessed in xenograft mouse model. IHC detected related proteins expression in mouse tumor sections. RESULTS MCM8 was significantly upregulated and predicted poor prognosis in GC. High expression of MCM8 was positively correlated with lymph node positive (p < 0.001), grade (p < 0.05), AJCC Stage (p < 0.001), pathologic T (p < 0.01), and pathologic N (p < 0.001). MCM8 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis. RPS15A expression decreased significantly after MCM8 knockdown. It was also the only candidate target, which ranked among the top 10 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sh-MCM8 group. RPS15A was identified as the target of MCM8 in GC. MCM8/RPS15A promoted phosphorylation of P38α, LYN, and p70S6K. Moreover, MCM8 knockdown inhibited tumor growth, RPS15A expression, and phosphorylation of P38α, LYN, and p70S6K in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MCM8 is an oncogene and predicts poor prognosis in GC. MCM8/RPS15A facilitates GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwei Dang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Surgery Teaching and Research Office, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinning Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlin Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Encheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Bio-Bank of Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- Surgery Teaching and Research Office, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Fakhro KA, Awwad J, Garibova S, Saraiva LR, Avella M. Conserved genes regulating human sex differentiation, gametogenesis and fertilization. J Transl Med 2024; 22:473. [PMID: 38764035 PMCID: PMC11103854 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of the functional genome in mice and humans has been instrumental for describing the conserved molecular mechanisms regulating human reproductive biology, and for defining the etiologies of monogenic fertility disorders. Infertility is a reproductive disorder that includes various conditions affecting a couple's ability to achieve a healthy pregnancy. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing technologies have facilitated the identification and characterization of genes and mechanisms that, if affected, lead to infertility. We report established genes that regulate conserved functions in fundamental reproductive processes (e.g., sex determination, gametogenesis, and fertilization). We only cover genes the deletion of which yields comparable fertility phenotypes in both rodents and humans. In the case of newly-discovered genes, we report the studies demonstrating shared cellular and fertility phenotypes resulting from loss-of-function mutations in both species. Finally, we introduce new model systems for the study of human reproductive biology and highlight the importance of studying human consanguineous populations to discover novel monogenic causes of infertility. The rapid and continuous screening and identification of putative genetic defects coupled with an efficient functional characterization in animal models can reveal novel mechanisms of gene function in human reproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Fakhro
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Johnny Awwad
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Vincent Memorial Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, The Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Luis R Saraiva
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Matteo Avella
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Allouch A, Al-Barazenji T, Al-Shafai M, Abdallah AM. The landscape of genetic variations in non-syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency in the MENA region: a systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1289333. [PMID: 38737775 PMCID: PMC11082268 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1289333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a primary cause of infertility with variable clinical manifestations. POI is a multifactorial disease with both environmental and known genetic etiologies, but data on the genetic variations associated with POI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are scarce. The aim of this study was to systematically review all known genetic causes of POI in the MENA region. Methods The PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Embase databases were searched from inception to December 2022 for all reports of genetic variants associated with POI in the MENA region. Clinical and genetic data were collected from eligible articles, and ClinVar and PubMed (dbSNP) were searched for variants. Results Of 1,803 studies, 25 met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen studies were case-control studies and ten were case reports representing 1,080 non-syndromic POI patients in total. Seventy-nine variants in 25 genes associated with POI were reported in ten MENA countries. Of the 79 variants, 46 were rare and 33 were common variants. Of the 46 rare variants, 19 were pathogenic or likely pathogenic according to ACMG classification guidelines and ClinVar. No clear phenotype-genotype association was observed. Male family members carrying pathogenic variants also had infertility problems. Discussion To our best knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the genetic variants associated with POI in the MENA region. Further functional studies are needed to assess the disease-causing molecular mechanisms of these variants. Knowledge of the genetic basis of POI in the Middle East could facilitate early detection of the condition and thus early implementation of therapeutic interventions, paving the way for precision medicine options in specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Allouch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tara Al-Barazenji
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mashael Al-Shafai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Atiyeh M. Abdallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Bakhshalizadeh S, Bird AD, Sreenivasan R, Bell KM, Robevska G, van den Bergen J, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Kueh AJ, Touraine P, Lokchine A, Jaillard S, Ayers KL, Wilhelm D, Sinclair AH, Tucker EJ. A Human Homozygous HELQ Missense Variant Does Not Cause Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in a Mouse Model. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:333. [PMID: 38540391 PMCID: PMC10970702 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruption of meiosis and DNA repair genes is associated with female fertility disorders like premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). In this study, we identified a homozygous missense variant in the HELQ gene (c.596 A>C; p.Gln199Pro) through whole exome sequencing in a POI patient, a condition associated with disrupted ovarian function and female infertility. HELQ, an enzyme involved in DNA repair, plays a crucial role in repairing DNA cross-links and has been linked to germ cell maintenance, fertility, and tumour suppression in mice. To explore the potential association of the HELQ variant with POI, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to create a knock-in mouse model harbouring the equivalent of the human HELQ variant identified in the POI patient. Surprisingly, Helq knock-in mice showed no discernible phenotype, with fertility levels, histological features, and follicle development similar to wild-type mice. Despite the lack of observable effects in mice, the potential role of HELQ in human fertility, especially in the context of POI, should not be dismissed. Larger studies encompassing diverse ethnic populations and alternative functional approaches will be necessary to further examine the role of HELQ in POI. Our results underscore the potential uncertainties associated with genomic variants and the limitations of in vivo animal modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony D. Bird
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.D.B.); (D.W.)
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular & Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Rajini Sreenivasan
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Katrina M. Bell
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Gorjana Robevska
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Jocelyn van den Bergen
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Biostatistics Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University Medicine, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Anna Lokchine
- IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), INSERM/EHESP/Univ Rennes/CHU Rennes–UMR_S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.L.); (S.J.)
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), INSERM/EHESP/Univ Rennes/CHU Rennes–UMR_S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France; (A.L.); (S.J.)
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Katie L. Ayers
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dagmar Wilhelm
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.D.B.); (D.W.)
| | - Andrew H. Sinclair
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Elena J. Tucker
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.B.); (R.S.); (K.M.B.); (G.R.); (J.v.d.B.); (K.L.A.); (A.H.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
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Martirosyan YO, Silachev DN, Nazarenko TA, Birukova AM, Vishnyakova PA, Sukhikh GT. Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Unlocking New Possibilities for Treating Diminished Ovarian Reserve and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2247. [PMID: 38137848 PMCID: PMC10744991 DOI: 10.3390/life13122247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in assisted reproductive technology (ART), achieving successful pregnancy rates remains challenging. Diminished ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency hinder IVF success-about 20% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients face a poor prognosis due to a low response, leading to higher cancellations and reduced birth rates. In an attempt to address the issue of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), we conducted systematic PubMed and Web of Science research, using keywords "stem cells", "extracellular vesicles", "premature ovarian insufficiency", "diminished ovarian reserve" and "exosomes". Amid the complex ovarian dynamics and challenges like POI, stem cell therapy and particularly the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a great potential is shown. EVs trigger paracrine mechanisms via microRNAs and bioactive molecules, suppressing apoptosis, stimulating angiogenesis and activating latent regenerative potential. Key microRNAs influence estrogen secretion, proliferation and apoptosis resistance. Extracellular vesicles present a lot of possibilities for treating infertility, and understanding their molecular mechanisms is crucial for maximizing EVs' therapeutic potential in addressing ovarian disorders and promoting reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana O. Martirosyan
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of Biopolymers, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Nazarenko
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Almina M. Birukova
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Polina A. Vishnyakova
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennadiy T. Sukhikh
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.N.); (A.M.B.); (P.A.V.); (G.T.S.)
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Xu H, Wang C, Wei H, Li T, Fang Y, Wang B. A novel missense variant in LAMC1 identified in a POI family by whole exome sequencing. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2265507. [PMID: 37839437 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2265507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify novel pathogenic genes and variants in a Chinese family with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). METHODS A Chinese POI family was enrolled in this study. Whole exome sequencing was performed on the proband and her mother to identify the potential causative genes and variants and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the finally identified potential pathogenic variant in the family. RESULTS An assessment of the family pedigree suggested that POI was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner in this family. A novel missense variant of the laminin subunit gamma-1 gene (LAMC1; NM_002293.4: c.3281A > T, p.D1094V) was finally identified in the proband and her affected mother. This variant was not found in any public databases. In silico analysis indicated the amino acid encoded at the variant site was highly conserved among mammals and associated with decreased protein stability and disrupted protein function. Its presence in the POI family was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly reported a novel missense variant of LAMC1 in a Chinese POI family, which was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This variant may result in the development of POI. Our results provide supporting evidence for a causative role for LAMC1 variants in POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfang Xu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wei
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Tengyan Li
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yigong Fang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
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Ding X, Gong X, Fan Y, Cao J, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Meng K. DNA double-strand break genetic variants in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:135. [PMID: 37430352 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinically heterogeneous disease that may seriously affect the physical and mental health of women of reproductive age. POI primarily manifests as ovarian function decline and endocrine disorders in women prior to age 40 and is an established cause of female infertility. It is crucial to elucidate the causative factors of POI, not only to expand the understanding of ovarian physiology, but also to provide genetic counselling and fertility guidance to affected patients. Factors leading to POI are multifaceted with genetic factors accounting for 7% to 30%. In recent years, an increasing number of DNA damage-repair-related genes have been linked with the occurrence of POI. Among them, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most damaging to DNA, and its main repair methods including homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) are of particular interest. Numerous genes are known to be involved in the regulation of programmed DSB formation and damage repair. The abnormal expression of several genes have been shown to trigger defects in the overall repair pathway and induce POI and other diseases. This review summarises the DSB-related genes that may contribute to the development of POI and their potential regulatory mechanisms, which will help to further establish role of DSB in the pathogenesis of POI and provide theoretical guidance for the study of the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yingying Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jinghe Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
| | - Kai Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
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Helderman NC, Terlouw D, Bonjoch L, Golubicki M, Antelo M, Morreau H, van Wezel T, Castellví-Bel S, Goldberg Y, Nielsen M. Molecular functions of MCM8 and MCM9 and their associated pathologies. iScience 2023; 26:106737. [PMID: 37378315 PMCID: PMC10291252 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Minichromosome Maintenance 8 Homologous Recombination Repair Factor (MCM8) and Minichromosome Maintenance 9 Homologous Recombination Repair Factor (MCM9) are recently discovered minichromosome maintenance proteins and are implicated in multiple DNA-related processes and pathologies, including DNA replication (initiation), meiosis, homologous recombination and mismatch repair. Consistent with these molecular functions, variants of MCM8/MCM9 may predispose carriers to disorders such as infertility and cancer and should therefore be included in relevant diagnostic testing. In this overview of the (patho)physiological functions of MCM8 and MCM9 and the phenotype of MCM8/MCM9 variant carriers, we explore the potential clinical implications of MCM8/MCM9 variant carriership and highlight important future directions of MCM8 and MCM9 research. With this review, we hope to contribute to better MCM8/MCM9 variant carrier management and the potential utilization of MCM8 and MCM9 in other facets of scientific research and medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diantha Terlouw
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laia Bonjoch
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Golubicki
- Oncology Section and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital of Gastroenterology "Dr. C.B. Udaondo", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Antelo
- Oncology Section and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital of Gastroenterology "Dr. C.B. Udaondo", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van Wezel
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yael Goldberg
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Maartje Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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9
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Chen H, Li P, Du X, Zhao Y, Wang L, Tian Y, Song X, Shuai L, Bai X, Chen L. Homozygous Loss of Septin12, but not its Haploinsufficiency, Leads to Male Infertility and Fertilization Failure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:850052. [PMID: 35547809 PMCID: PMC9082362 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.850052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SEPTIN12 gene has been associated with male infertility. Male Septin12+/− chimera mice were infertile, supporting the prevailing view that SEPTIN12 haploinsufficiency causes male infertility. In this study, we identified a heterozygous mutation on SEPTIN12, c.72C>A (p.Cys24Ter) in the male partner of a patient couple, who had a previous fertilization failure (FF) after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and became pregnant after ICSI together with artificial oocyte activation (AOA). To investigate the role of SEPTIN12 in FF and oocyte activation, we constructed Septin12 knockout mice. Surprisingly, Septin12−/− male mice, but not Septin12+/− male mice, are infertile, and have reduced sperm counts and abnormal sperm morphology. Importantly, AOA treatment enhances the 2-cell embryo rate of ICSI embryos injected with Septin12−/− sperm, indicating that FF caused by male Septin12 deficiency is overcome by AOA. Mechanistically, loss of PLCζ around the acrosome might be the reason for FF of Septin12−/− sperm. Taken together, our data indicated that homozygous knockout of Septin12, but not Septin12 haploinsufficiency, leads to male infertility and FF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Li
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoling Du
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiding Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueru Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohong Bai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingyi Chen
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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10
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Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is determined by exhaustion of follicles in the ovaries, which leads to infertility before the age of 40 years. It is characterized by a strong familial and heterogeneous genetic background. Therefore, we will mainly discuss the genetic basis of POI in this review. We identified 107 genes related to POI etiology in mammals described by several independent groups. Thirty-four of these genes (AARS2, AIRE, ANTXR1, ATM, BMPR1B, CLPP, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, DCAF17, EIF2B, ERAL1, FANCA, FANCC, FMR1, FOXL2, GALT, GNAS, HARS2, HSD17B4, LARS2, LMNA, MGME1, NBN, PMM2, POLG, PREPL, RCBTB1, RECQL2/3/4, STAR, TWNK, and XRCC4/9) have been linked to syndromic POI and are mainly implicated in metabolism function and meiosis/DNA repair. In addition, the majority of genes associated with nonsyndromic POI, widely expanded by high-throughput techniques over the last decade, have been implicated in ovarian development and meiosis/DNA repair pathways (ATG7, ATG9, ANKRD31, BMP8B, BMP15, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2, BNC1, BRCA2, CPEB1, C14ORF39, DAZL, DIAPH2, DMC1, ERCC6, FANCL, FANCM, FIGLA, FSHR, GATA4, GDF9, GJA4, HELQ, HSF2BP, HFM1, INSL3, LHCGR, LHX8, MCM8, MCM9, MEIOB, MSH4, MSH5, NANOS3, NOBOX, NOTCH2, NR5A1, NUP107, PGRMC1, POLR3H, PRDM1, PRDM9, PSMC3IP, SOHLH1, SOHLH2, SPIDR, STAG3, SYCE1, TP63, UBR2, WDR62, and XRCC2), whereas a few are related to metabolic functions (EIF4ENIF1, KHDRBS1, MRPS22, POLR2C). Some genes, such as STRA8, FOXO3A, KIT, KITL, WNT4, and FANCE, have been shown to cause ovarian insufficiency in rodents, but mutations in these genes have yet to be elucidated in women affected by POI. Lastly, some genes have been rarely implicated in its etiology (AMH, AMHR2, ERRC2, ESR1, INHA, LMN4, POF1B, POU5F1, REC8, SMC1B). Considering the heterogeneous genetic and familial background of this disorder, we hope that an overview of literature data would reinforce that genetic screening of those patients is worthwhile and helpful for better genetic counseling and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Malheiros França
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Berenice Bilharinho Mendonca
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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MCM9 is associated with germline predisposition to early-onset cancer-clinical evidence. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:78. [PMID: 34556653 PMCID: PMC8460657 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutated MCM9 has been associated with primary ovarian insufficiency. Although MCM9 plays a role in genome maintenance and has been reported as a candidate gene in a few patients with inherited colorectal cancer (CRC), it has not been clearly established as a cancer predisposition gene. We re-evaluated family members with MCM9-associated fertility problems. The heterozygote parents had a few colonic polys. Three siblings had early-onset cancer: one had metastatic cervical cancer and two had early-onset CRC. Moreover, a review of the literature on MCM9 carriers revealed that of nine bi-allelic carriers reported, eight had early-onset cancer. We provide clinical evidence for MCM9 as a cancer germline predisposition gene associated with early-onset cancer and polyposis, mainly in a recessive inheritance pattern. These observations, coupled with the phenotype in knockout mice, suggest that diagnostic testing for polyposis, CRC, and infertility should include MCM9 analysis. Early screening protocols may be beneficial for carriers.
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12
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Han W, Wu YZ, Zhao XY, Gong ZH, Shen GL. Integrative Analysis of Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins and Their Prognostic Significance in Melanoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:715173. [PMID: 34490114 PMCID: PMC8417415 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.715173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) is known for participating in cell cycle progression, as well as DNA replication. While the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of MCMs in melanoma still remained unclear. Methods In the present study, the transcriptional and clinical profiles of MCMs were explored in patients with melanoma from multiple databases, including GEO, TCGA, ONCOMINE, GEPIA, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and TIMER databases. Results We found that the elevated expressions of MCM2–6 and MCM10 were significantly expressed in melanoma compared to normal skin. High mRNA levels of MCM4, MCM5, and MCM10 were closely related to worse prognosis in patients with melanoma. GSEA showed hallmark pathways were most involved in mTORC1 signaling, G2M checkpoint, E2F targets, and mitotic spindle. Furthermore, we found potential correlations between the MCM expression and the immune cell infiltration, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Conclusion Upregulated MCM gene expression in melanoma probably played a crucial part in the development and progression of melanoma. The upregulated MCM4/5/10 expressions could be used as potential prognostic markers to improve the poor outcome and prognostic accuracy in patients with melanoma. Our study might shed light on the selection of prognostic biomarkers as well as the underlying molecular pathogenesis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Zhu Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Gong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Guo-Liang Shen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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13
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Structural study of the N-terminal domain of human MCM8/9 complex. Structure 2021; 29:1171-1181.e4. [PMID: 34043945 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
MCM8/9 is a complex involved in homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway. MCM8/9 dysfunction can cause genome instability and result in primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, the mechanism underlying these effects is largely unknown. Here, we report crystal structures of the N-terminal domains (NTDs) of MCM8 and MCM9, and build a ring-shaped NTD structure based on a 6.6 Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy map. This shows that the MCM8/9 complex forms a 3:3 heterohexamer in an alternating pattern. A positively charged DNA binding channel and a putative ssDNA exit pathway for fork DNA unwinding are revealed. Based on the atomic model, the potential effects of the clinical POI mutants are interpreted. Surprisingly, the zinc-finger motifs are found to be capable of binding an iron atom as well. Overall, our results provide a model for the formation of the MCM8/9 complex and provide a path for further studies.
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14
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Ma N, Zhu Z, Liu J, Peng Y, Zhao X, Tang W, Jia Z, Xi H, Gao B, Wang H, Du J. Clinical and genetic analysis of classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome patient caused by synonymous mutation in COL5A2. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1632. [PMID: 33834621 PMCID: PMC8172199 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Classical Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (cEDS) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disorder that mainly results from the germline mutation of COL5A1 and COL5A2. The majority of the COL5A2 mutations reported to date represent structural mutations, including missense or in‐frame exon‐skipping splice mutations. The only reported synonymous mutation was expected to affect on splicing of exon 29 by prediction programs which should be further confirmed. Methods Whole exome sequencing was performed to identify the genetic variants of a Chinese boy who was characterized by skin hyperextensibility, abnormal scarring, hypermobile joints and scoliosis. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the variants in his parents. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed to analyze the functional effects of the variant. Results A de novo heterozygous synonymous variant (NM_000393.5:c.1977 G>A) of COL5A2 gene was identified in the patient. The results of RT‐PCR revealed that the synonymous variant led to skipping of exon 29 in the RNA transcript. Conclusions Our study supplies further supporting evidence that the synonymous COL5A2 mutation c.1977 G>A can cause skipping of exon 29 in the RNA transcript, thus resulting in the production of mutant α2(V)‐chains and clinical phenotype of cEDS. This result highlights the need to include splicing‐altering synonymous mutations into the screening for cEDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ma
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhao
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, PR China
| | - Weiling Tang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhengjun Jia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hui Xi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bodi Gao
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, PR China.,Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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15
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Genetics of Azoospermia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063264. [PMID: 33806855 PMCID: PMC8004677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Azoospermia affects 1% of men, and it can be due to: (i) hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, (ii) primary quantitative spermatogenic disturbances, (iii) urogenital duct obstruction. Known genetic factors contribute to all these categories, and genetic testing is part of the routine diagnostic workup of azoospermic men. The diagnostic yield of genetic tests in azoospermia is different in the different etiological categories, with the highest in Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas Deferens (90%) and the lowest in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia (NOA) due to primary testicular failure (~30%). Whole-Exome Sequencing allowed the discovery of an increasing number of monogenic defects of NOA with a current list of 38 candidate genes. These genes are of potential clinical relevance for future gene panel-based screening. We classified these genes according to the associated-testicular histology underlying the NOA phenotype. The validation and the discovery of novel NOA genes will radically improve patient management. Interestingly, approximately 37% of candidate genes are shared in human male and female gonadal failure, implying that genetic counselling should be extended also to female family members of NOA patients.
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16
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Huang C, Guo T, Qin Y. Meiotic Recombination Defects and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652407. [PMID: 33763429 PMCID: PMC7982532 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is the depletion of ovarian function before 40 years of age due to insufficient oocyte formation or accelerated follicle atresia. Approximately 1–5% of women below 40 years old are affected by POI. The etiology of POI is heterogeneous, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, infection, iatrogenic factors, and environmental toxins. Genetic factors account for 20–25% of patients. However, more than half of the patients were idiopathic. With the widespread application of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the genetic spectrum of POI has been expanded, especially the latest identification in meiosis and DNA repair-related genes. During meiotic prophase I, the key processes include DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and subsequent homologous recombination (HR), which are essential for chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division and genome diversity of oocytes. Many animal models with defective meiotic recombination present with meiotic arrest, DSB accumulation, and oocyte apoptosis, which are similar to human POI phenotype. In the article, based on different stages of meiotic recombination, including DSB formation, DSB end processing, single-strand invasion, intermediate processing, recombination, and resolution and essential proteins involved in synaptonemal complex (SC), cohesion complex, and fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, we reviewed the individual gene mutations identified in POI patients and the potential candidate genes for POI pathogenesis, which will shed new light on the genetic architecture of POI and facilitate risk prediction, ovarian protection, and early intervention for POI women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzi Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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17
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Premature ovarian insufficiency: pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:637-650. [PMID: 33641066 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as a reduction in ovarian function before the expected age of menopause. POI is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders, osteoporosis, cognitive decline, and mood disorders, resulting in a reduced quality of life. Appropriate hormone replacement for premenopausal women decreases these adverse health risks and improves quality of life for women with POI, but does not prolong life expectancy. The potential etiologies of POI include chromosomal abnormalities and genetic mutations, autoimmune factors, and iatrogenic causes, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. A major association is suggested to exist between reproductive longevity and the DNA damage pathway response genes. DNA damage and repair in ovarian granulosa cells is strongly associated with POI. Depletion of oocytes with damaged DNA occurs through different cell death mechanisms, such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis, mediated by the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/forkhead transcription factors 3 (FOXO3) pathway. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by the ability of self-renewal and differentiation and play an important role in the regeneration of injured tissues. Transplantation of MSCs has been shown to functionally restore ovarian reserve in a POI mouse model. Recent advances in stem cell therapy are likely to be translated to new therapeutic options bringing new hope to patients with POI. The aim of this review is to summarize the pathogenic mechanisms that involve cell death and DNA damage and repair pathways and to discuss the stem cell-based therapies as potential therapeutic options for this gynecologic pathology.
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18
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Biswas L, Tyc K, El Yakoubi W, Morgan K, Xing J, Schindler K. Meiosis interrupted: the genetics of female infertility via meiotic failure. Reproduction 2021; 161:R13-R35. [PMID: 33170803 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic or 'unexplained' infertility represents as many as 30% of infertility cases worldwide. Conception, implantation, and term delivery of developmentally healthy infants require chromosomally normal (euploid) eggs and sperm. The crux of euploid egg production is error-free meiosis. Pathologic genetic variants dysregulate meiotic processes that occur during prophase I, meiotic resumption, chromosome segregation, and in cell cycle regulation. This dysregulation can result in chromosomally abnormal (aneuploid) eggs. In turn, egg aneuploidy leads to a broad range of clinical infertility phenotypes, including primary ovarian insufficiency and early menopause, egg fertilization failure and embryonic developmental arrest, or recurrent pregnancy loss. Therefore, maternal genetic variants are emerging as infertility biomarkers, which could allow informed reproductive decision-making. Here, we select and deeply examine human genetic variants that likely cause dysregulation of critical meiotic processes in 14 female infertility-associated genes: SYCP3, SYCE1, TRIP13, PSMC3IP, DMC1, MCM8, MCM9, STAG3, PATL2, TUBB8, CEP120, AURKB, AURKC, andWEE2. We discuss the function of each gene in meiosis, explore genotype-phenotype relationships, and delineate the frequencies of infertility-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leelabati Biswas
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Katarzyna Tyc
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Warif El Yakoubi
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Katie Morgan
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jinchuan Xing
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Karen Schindler
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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19
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Mirinezhad MR, Khosroabadi N, Rahpeyma M, Khayami R, Hashemi SR, Ghazizadeh H, Ferns GA, Pasdar A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Hamzehloei T. Genetic Determinants of Premature Menopause in A Mashhad Population Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2021; 15:26-33. [PMID: 33497044 PMCID: PMC7838752 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2020.134688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Premature menopause is characterized by amenorrhea before age of 40 years, markedly raised serum luteinizing hormone (LH) level, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level and reduced serum level of estradiol. Genome-wide analysis suggested several loci associated with premature menopause. Here, we aimed to analyze association of variants at the MCM8, FNDC4, PRRC2A, TLK1, ZNF346 and TMEM150B gene loci with premature menopause. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 117 women with premature menopause were compared to 183 healthy women. Anthropometric indices were measured in all participants: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and wrist circumference. Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the indicated genes (rs16991615, rs244715, rs451417, rs1046089, rs7246479, rs4806660, rs10183486 and rs2303369) were identified from the literature. Genotyping was performed using tetra-ARMS polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ASO-PCR methods. Results T allele of the rs16991615, rs1046089, rs7246479 and rs10183486, C allele of rs244715, rs451417 and rs4806660 as well as TT genotype of rs2303369 were associated with an increased risk of premature menopause, likely causing susceptibility to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in comparison with C allele. We also found an association between the rs16991615 SNP with premature menopause. Frequency of the minor allele in cases was increased for all SNPs in comparison with controls. All minor alleles, except for rs2303369, showed a statistically significant increased odds ratio (OR). However, after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, none of the P values were remained significant. Conclusion The selected polymorphisms in MCM8, FNDC4, PRRC2A, TLK1, ZNF346 and TMEM150B genes may potentially affect susceptibility to premature menopause, although replication of the results in larger cohort could clarify this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mirinezhad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Narges Khosroabadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Rahpeyma
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Khayami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Hashemi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran..,International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Hamzehloei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Golubicki M, Bonjoch L, Acuña-Ochoa JG, Díaz-Gay M, Muñoz J, Cuatrecasas M, Ocaña T, Iseas S, Mendez G, Cisterna D, Schubert SA, Nielsen M, van Wezel T, Goldberg Y, Pikarsky E, Robbio J, Roca E, Castells A, Balaguer F, Antelo M, Castellví-Bel S. Germline biallelic Mcm8 variants are associated with early-onset Lynch-like syndrome. JCI Insight 2020; 5:140698. [PMID: 32841224 PMCID: PMC7526538 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome is the most common cause of hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC), and it is characterized by DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency. The term Lynch-like syndrome (LLS) is used for patients with MMR-deficient tumors and neither germline mutation in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, or EPCAM nor MLH1 somatic methylation. Biallelic somatic inactivation or cryptic germline MMR variants undetected during genetic testing have been proposed to be involved. Sixteen patients with early-onset LLS CRC were selected for germline and tumor whole-exome sequencing. Two potentially pathogenic germline MCM8 variants were detected in a male patient with LLS with fertility problems. A knockout cellular model for MCM8 was generated by CRISPR/Cas9 and detected genetic variants were produced by mutagenesis. DNA damage, microsatellite instability, and mutational signatures were monitored. DNA damage was evident for MCM8KO cells and the analyzed genetic variants. Microsatellite instability and mutational signatures in MCM8KO cells were compatible with the involvement of MCM8 in MMR. Replication in an independent familial cancer cohort detected additional carriers. Unexplained MMR-deficient CRC cases, even showing somatic biallelic MMR inactivation, may be caused by underlying germline defects in genes different than MMR genes. We suggest MCM8 as a gene involved in CRC germline predisposition with a recessive pattern of inheritance. MCM8 may be involved in germline predisposition to colorectal cancer in Lynch-like syndrome cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Golubicki
- Oncology Section and.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital of Gastroenterology "Dr. C.B. Udaondo," Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laia Bonjoch
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José G Acuña-Ochoa
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Díaz-Gay
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenifer Muñoz
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Pathology Department, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, and Tumor Bank-Biobank, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Ocaña
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Daniel Cisterna
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital of Gastroenterology "Dr. C.B. Udaondo," Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Maartje Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Yael Goldberg
- Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Antoni Castells
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Li L, Feng F, Zhao M, Li T, Yue W, Ma X, Wang B, Yin C. NOTCH2 variant D1853H is mutated in two non-syndromic premature ovarian insufficiency patients from a Chinese pedigree. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:41. [PMID: 32312275 PMCID: PMC7171760 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a severe disorder of female infertility, characterized by 4–6 months of amenorrhea before the age of 40 years, with elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (> 25 IU/L). Although several genes have been reported to contribute to the genetic basis of POI, the molecular mechanism of POI remains unclear. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed. Sanger sequencing was carried out to validate the variant in the proband and her mother. In silico algorithms were used to analyze the mutational effect of the variant. Protein 3D structural modeling was used for predicting mutated protein structures. Vector construction and plasmids transfection were performed, and subsequently RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was carried out in each group to dissect the differentially expressed genes in wild-type (WT) and D1853H NOTCH2 mutant expressing groups. Gene Ontology analysis was also used to analyze the enriched biological processes or pathways among the differentially expressed genes. Results We report two non-syndromic POI patients from a Chinese pedigree. The FSH level of the proband (the daughter) was 46 IU/L at the age of 22. Her menarche was at the age of 12, but she was amenorrhea at the age of 20. By WES, a rare heterozygous variant (c.5557G > C;p.D1853H) in the NOTCH2 gene was identified. In silico analysis suggested that p.D1853H was a pathogenic allele. Protein 3D structural modeling suggested that D1853H may enhance or weaken the electrostatic surface potential. By molecular analysis, we found that cells expressing the D1853H NOTCH2 mutant had similar effect in activating the NOTCH signaling pathway downstream target genes. However, 106 protein-coding genes were differentially expressed between D1853H expressing cells and WT NOTCH2 expressing cells, and these genes were enriched for collagen degradation, NCAM1 interactions and HDACs deacetylate histones, revealing a unknown underlying mechanism of the pathology that leads to POI. Conclusions We conclude that the rare heterozygous variant in NOTCH2 may be associated with POI. This finding provides researchers and clinicians with a better understanding of the etiology, molecular mechanism and genetic consulting of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Minying Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 36 Fanxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Tengyan Li
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Binbin Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Zhang YX, He WB, Xiao WJ, Meng LL, Tan C, Du J, Lu GX, Lin G, Tan YQ. Novel loss-of-function mutation in MCM8 causes premature ovarian insufficiency. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1165. [PMID: 32048466 PMCID: PMC7196458 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one major cause of female infertility, minichromosome maintenance complex component 8 (MCM8) has been reported to be responsible for POI. Methods Whole‐exome sequencing was performed to identify the genetic variants of women with POI. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the variants in all the family members. Various bioinformatic software was used for the pathogenicity assessment. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), real‐time quantitative PCR, and a chromosomal instability study induced by mitomycin C were performed to analyze the functional effects of the variant. Results A novel homozygous frameshift mutation (NM_032485.4:c.351_354delAAAG) of MCM8 gene was identified in the patients, segregated with POI in this family. This mutation is predicted to produce truncated MCM8 protein and to be pathogenic. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the frameshift mutation led to a remarkably reduced level of MCM8 transcript products, and chromosomal instability study showed that the ability of mutant MCM8 to repair DNA breaks was impaired. Conclusion We identified a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the MCM8 gene in two affected sisters with POI, and functional analysis revealed that this mutation is pathogenic. Our findings enrich the MCM8 mutation spectrum and might help clinicians to make a precise diagnosis, thereby allowing better family planning and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen-Bin He
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen-Juan Xiao
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lan-Lan Meng
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chen Tan
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Guang-Xiu Lu
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yue-Qiu Tan
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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