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Guo YG, Zhang LL, Hu P, Li ZZ, Zhang RB, Lv X, Yi Q, Zhan LB, Feng XL. Correlation analysis of bone marrow microvessel density and miRNA expression on drug resistance in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia after tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Hematology 2024; 29:2304488. [PMID: 38299685 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2304488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the relationship between bone marrow microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of four miRNAs with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) resistance after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. METHODS 234 CML patients were divided into resistance and non-resistance groups in terms of the results of the 5-year follow-up. Patients were divided into the Optimum response group and the Warning/Failure group based on TKI response. MVD was determined by immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of four miRNAs (miR-106a, miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-340) in bone marrow biopsy specimens were examined by qPCR. We evaluated the association of MVD with four miRNAs and them predictive value for CML resistance after TKI treatment. RESULTS The MVD and the levels of miR-106a, miR-155, and miR-146a were significantly higher while the miR-340 level was lower in the resistance group than the non-resistance group. Besides, MVD had a significant correlation with the levels of miR-340 and miR-155. According to the results of survival analysis, MVD as well as miR-340 and miR-155 levels were observably correlated with 5-year survival of patients without TKI resistance. The results of the ROC curve indicated that the MVD, miR-106a, miR-340, and miR-155 had good predictive accuracy for CML resistance after TKI treatment. As for the results of multivariate analysis, disease stage, risk level (high risk), high MVD, low miR-340 expression, and high miR-155 expression were all independent risk factors for CML resistance. CONCLUSION MVD and the expression of miR-340 and miR-155 are closely associated with CML resistance after TKI treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Microvascular Density
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Gang Guo
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang-Zhi Li
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Bo Zhang
- Children's Medical Center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lv
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Yi
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Bo Zhan
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lian Feng
- Children's Medical Center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Hushmandi K, Saadat SH, Mirilavasani S, Daneshi S, Aref AR, Nabavi N, Raesi R, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. The multifaceted role of SOX2 in breast and lung cancer dynamics. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155386. [PMID: 38861919 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Breast and lung cancers are leading causes of death among patients, with their global mortality and morbidity rates increasing. Conventional treatments often prove inadequate due to resistance development. The alteration of molecular interactions may accelerate cancer progression and treatment resistance. SOX2, known for its abnormal expression in various human cancers, can either accelerate or impede cancer progression. This review focuses on examining the role of SOX2 in breast and lung cancer development. An imbalance in SOX2 expression can promote the growth and dissemination of these cancers. SOX2 can also block programmed cell death, affecting autophagy and other cell death mechanisms. It plays a significant role in cancer metastasis, mainly by regulating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, an imbalanced SOX2 expression can cause resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy in these cancers. Genetic and epigenetic factors may affect SOX2 levels. Pharmacologically targeting SOX2 could improve the effectiveness of breast and lung cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiavash Hushmandi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyedalireza Mirilavasani
- Campus Venlo, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health,School of Health,Jiroft University of Medical Sciences,Jiroft, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6 Canada
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; Department of Nursing, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Gilyazova I, Gimalova G, Nizamova A, Galimova E, Ishbulatova E, Pavlov V, Khusnutdinova E. Non-Coding RNAs as Key Regulators in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:560. [PMID: 38203731 PMCID: PMC10778604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
For several decades, most lung cancer investigations have focused on the search for mutations in candidate genes; however, in the last decade, due to the fact that most of the human genome is occupied by sequences that do not code for proteins, much attention has been paid to non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that perform regulatory functions. In this review, we principally focused on recent studies of the function, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs including microRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in different types of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Galiya Gimalova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Aigul Nizamova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elmira Galimova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Ishbulatova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
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Li JM, Hsu PC, Kuan FC, Shi CS, Yang CT. The cancer stemness inhibitor napabucasin suppresses small cell lung cancer growth through SOX2 expression. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4637-4651. [PMID: 36381330 PMCID: PMC9641396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade malignancy of neuroendocrine origin characterized by aggressive cell growth and a poor survival rate of patients. Currently, the treatment options for SCLC remain limited despite platinum-based chemotherapy. Systemic chemotherapy is effective for SCLC, but most patients eventually acquire drug resistance, which leads to treatment failure. Stemness-high cancer cells show characteristics of advanced tumorigenesis and metastasis and have high potential in promoting treatment resistance and disease relapse. Napabucasin (BBI608), a novel small-molecule drug targeting on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), was shown to suppress the progression and metastasis of stemness-high cancer stem cells in various cancers. Here, we demonstrated that napabucasin significantly decreased viability and colony formation and induced the arrest of S-phase cell cycle and apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant SCLC cells. Findings from mechanistic studies further indicated that napabucasin directly downregulated the expression of SOX2 in cisplatin-resistant SCLC cells; however, dysfunctional SOX2 expression in SCLC cells was associated with interference in the napabucasin-mediated reduction of cell viability. In contrast, napabucasin-induced viability reduction was restored in these cells when SOX2 expression was upregulated. Furthermore, napabucasin significantly inhibited cisplatin-resistant SCLC cell xenograft growth in vivo by downregulating SOX2 and inducing apoptosis. These data demonstrate that napabucasin may be a novel drug for the clinical treatment of cisplatin-resistant SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhy-Ming Li
- Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi UniversityChiayi, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Che Kuan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
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Zhao S, Wu Y, Wei Y, Xu X, Zheng J. Identification of Biomarkers Associated With CD8+ T Cells in Coronary Artery Disease and Their Pan-Cancer Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:876616. [PMID: 35799780 PMCID: PMC9254733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.876616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo identify biomarkers associated with CD8+ T cells in coronary artery disease (CAD) and initially explore their potential role in the tumor immune microenvironment.Materials and MethodsCAD-related datasets GSE12288, GSE34198, and GSE66360, were downloaded from the GEO database. First, GSVA was performed based on the GSE12288 dataset. Then WGCNA analysis was performed to identify the most relevant module and candidate hub gene for CD8+ T cells, followed by GO and KEGG analysis of this module. Secondly, the relationship between candidate hub genes and CD8+ T cells was verified using GSE34198 and GSE66360, which led to the identification of hub genes. The relationship of hub genes with CD8+ T cells in cancer was analyzed using the TIMER database. Methylation analysis of hub genes was performed using the DiseaseMeth database. CAD, pan-cancer, pan-cell lines, and pan-normal tissues, correlations between hub genes. In addition, potential drugs and TFs associated with hub genes were predicted, and the ceRNA network was constructed. Finally, GSEA was performed separately for hub genes.ResultsCAD was shown to be associated with immune response by GSVA analysis. WGCNA identified the blue module as most related to CD8+ T cells and identified nine candidate hub genes. The relevance of CAD to immunity was further confirmed by GO and KEGG analysis of the module. Two additional datasets validated and identified three hub genes (FBXO7, RAD23A, and MKRN1) that significantly correlated with CD8+ T cells. In addition, we found that hub genes were positively associated with CD8+ T cells in TGCT, THCA, and KICH cancers by our analysis. Moreover, the hub gene was differentially methylated. We also analyzed the correlation between hub genes in CAD, different cancers, different cell lines, and different normal tissues. The results of all the analyses showed a positive correlation between them. Finally, we successfully constructed hub gene-associated TF-gene and ceRNA networks and predicted 11 drugs associated with hub genes. GSEA suggests that hub genes are related to multiple immune response processes.ConclusionFBXO7, RAD23A, and MKRN1 are significantly associated with CD8+ T cells in CAD and multiple cancers and may act through immune responses in CAD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Yinteng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yantao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Jialin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Jialin Zheng,
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Wang X, He R, Geng L, Yuan J, Fan H. Ginsenoside Rg3 Alleviates Cisplatin Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells Through Inhibiting SOX2 and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Axis by Up-Regulating miR-429. Front Genet 2022; 13:823182. [PMID: 35309116 PMCID: PMC8927288 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy is considered the standard treatment for advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, cisplatin chemoresistance often occurs with the mechanisms being not well clarified, which results in the cancer recurrence and poor survival. Ginsenoside Rg3, isolated from the Chinese Herb Panax Ginseng, is recognized as an anti-cancer agent. Herein, we aimed to reveal whether Ginsenoside Rg3 alleviates cisplatin resistance and sensitizes GC cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and draw out the underlying molecular mechanism in cisplatin-resistant GC cells. The lower expression of miR-429 was found in AGSR-CDDP cells; it was also in association with cisplatin-resistance in GC cells and expression of which was restored following Ginsenoside Rg3 treatment. We also demonstrated that miR-429 made a contribution toward chemosensitivity in GC cells partly through SOX2 regulation. SOX2 was found to contribute to developing platinum resistance and was an authentic target for miR-429 in AGSR-CDDP cells. Importantly, enforced expression of SOX2 with a pcDNA3-SOX2 construct lacking the 3′-UTR miRNA binding site diminished the cytotoxic effects of miR-429 in AGSR-CDDP cells. We demonstrated that Ginsenoside Rg3 enhanced chemosensitivity in AGSR-CDDP GC cells, at least in part, through up-regulating miR-429, thereby targeting SOX2 and modulating downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Ginsenoside Rg3 was also found to regulate apoptosis-related genes via miR-429 in cisplatin-resistant GC cells. Ginsenoside Rg3 treatment significantly suppressed the migration rate of AGSR-CDDP GC cells, while following transfection with anti-miR-429, the anti-migratory effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 was partially abolished. This data suggested that Ginsenoside Rg3 may impede the chemoresistance and migration of GC cells mainly mediated through miR-429. We concluded that miR-429-regulated SOX2 expression was one of the main mechanisms by which Ginsenoside Rg3 dramatically promoted its anticancer effects on cisplatin-resistant GC cells. We also underscored a supporting model in which miR-429 adjusted PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling by regulating SOX2 in cisplatin-resistant GC cells.
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Tang J, Tang R, Gu P, Han J, Huang W, Xue F. Hsa_circ_0019054 up-regulates HIF1A through sequestering miR-340-5p to promote the tumorigenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221126494. [PMID: 36473706 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221126494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been uncovered to play an important regulatory function in the tumorigenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Hsa_circ_0,019,054 was found to be increased in ICC. Here, we aimed to explore the action and mechanism of hsa_circ_0,019,054 in ICC carcinogenesis. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect the levels of genes and proteins. The functional experiments were performed using in vitro 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and in vivo murine xenograft model. The glycolysis was analyzed by detecting glucose uptake and lactate level. The binding between miR-340-5 p and hsa_circ_0,019,054 or HIF1A (Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha) was validated using pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0,019,054 expression was higher in ICC tissues and cells. Functionally, hsa_circ_0,019,054 silencing could suppress ICC cell proliferation and glycolysis active, as well as induce apoptosis. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0,019,054 was demonstrated to act as a sponge for miR-340-5 p, which directly targeted HIF1A. Hsa_circ_0,019,054/miR-340-5 p/HIF1A formed a feedback loop. HIF1A was up-regulated, while miR-340-5 p was decreased in ICC tissues and cells. MiR-340-5 p re-expression attenuated ICC cell growth. Besides that, rescue experiments suggested that HIF1A overexpression or miR-340-5 p knockdown reversed the anti-proliferation and glycolysis arrest effects mediated by hsa_circ_0,019,054 silencing. Importantly, hsa_circ_0,019,054 silencing also impeded the growth of ICC in nude mice. CONCLUSION Hsa_circ_0,019,054 deficiency could attenuate the proliferation and glycolysis of ICC cells via miR-340-5 p/HIF1A axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintian Tang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Runjuan Tang
- Rehabilitation Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Interventional Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Han
- Office of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wukui Huang
- Interventional Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Abstract
The proliferation, metastasis and therapy response of tumour cells are tightly regulated by interaction among various signalling networks. The microRNAs (miRNAs) can bind to 3'-UTR of mRNA and down-regulate expression of target gene. The miRNAs target various molecular pathways in regulating biological events such as apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenesis and migration. The aberrant expression of miRNAs occurs in cancers and they have both tumour-suppressor and tumour-promoting functions. On the contrary, SOX proteins are capable of binding to DNA and regulating gene expression. SOX2 is a well-known member of SOX family that its overexpression in different cancers to ensure progression and stemness. The present review focuses on modulatory impact of miRNAs on SOX2 in affecting growth, migration and therapy response of cancers. The lncRNAs and circRNAs can function as upstream mediators of miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancers. In addition, NF-κB, TNF-α and SOX17 are among other molecular pathways regulating miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancer. Noteworthy, anti-cancer compounds including bufalin and ovatodiolide are suggested to regulate miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancers. The translation of current findings to clinical course can pave the way to effective treatment of cancer patients and improve their prognosis.
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Pandey M, Mukhopadhyay A, Sharawat SK, Kumar S. Role of microRNAs in regulating cell proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance and their applications as cancer biomarkers in small cell lung cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188552. [PMID: 33892053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a smoking-related highly aggressive neuroendocrine cancer, is characterized by rapid cell proliferation, early metastatic dissemination, and early relapse due to chemoresistance to first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy. Genomically, SCLC tumors show nearly universal loss of TP53 and RB1 tumor suppressor genes, while gene expression signature classifies them into 4 distinct subgroups based on the expression patterns of lineage transcription factors - ASCL1/ASH1, NEUROD1, YAP-1, and POU2F3. Due to the lack of targetable molecular alterations and clinically useful diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker, there is insignificant progress in the therapeutic management of SCLC patients. Numerous studies have shown a significant involvement of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of cell proliferation, invasion and migration, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemoresistance in various human cancers. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating the aforementioned biological process in SCLC. For this, we searched the scientific literature and selected studies that have evaluated the role of miRNAs in the disease pathogenesis or as a cancer biomarker in SCLC. Our review suggests that several miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of SCLC mainly by regulating cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Few studies have also demonstrated the clinical utility of miRNAs in monitoring response to chemotherapy as well as in predicting survival outcomes. However, more in-depth mechanistic studies utilizing in vivo models and multicentric studies with larger patient cohorts are needed before the applications of miRNAs as therapeutic targets or as biomarkers are translated from the laboratory into clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Pandey
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Abhirup Mukhopadhyay
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Surender K Sharawat
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Moghadam ER, Owrang M, Hashemi F, Makvandi P, Goharrizi MASB, Najafi M, Khan H. Lung cancer cells and their sensitivity/resistance to cisplatin chemotherapy: Role of microRNAs and upstream mediators. Cell Signal 2021; 78:109871. [PMID: 33279671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent with excellent clinical effects. The anti-tumor activity of CP has been demonstrated in different cancers such as breast, cervical, reproductive, lung, brain, and prostate cancers. However, resistance of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy has led to its failure in eradication of cancer cells, and subsequent death of patients with cancer. Fortunately, much effort has been put to identify molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in CP resistance/sensitivity. It seems that microRNAs (miRs) are promising candidates in mediating CP resistance/sensitivity, since they participate in different biological aspects of cells such as proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and differentiation. In this review, we focus on miRs and their regulation in CP chemotherapy of lung cancer, as the most malignant tumor worldwide. Oncogenic miRs trigger CP resistance in lung cancer cells via targeting various pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Rab6, CASP2, PTEN, and Apaf-1. In contrast, onco-suppressor miRs inhibit oncogene pathways such as STAT3 to suppress CP resistance. These topics are discussed to determine the role of miRs in CP resistance/sensitivity. We also describe the upstream modulators of miRs such as lncRNAs, circRNAs, NF-κB, SOX2 and TRIM65 and their association with CP resistance/sensitivity in lung cancer cells. Finally, the effect of anti-tumor plant-derived natural compounds on miR expression during CP sensitivity of lung cancer cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Owrang
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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Coronel R. On Publication Strategies. Another Advice to a Beginning Scientist. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1073. [PMID: 33013460 PMCID: PMC7500198 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Productivity in science has increased and it is becoming more important for scientists to publish, to publish frequently, and to accumulate citations to their work. However, the peer review system may not only promote and advance but also hinder, prevent, or delay publication. In this personal perspective, confirmatory, consensual, competitive, and controversial publication strategies are described that they may meet with various degrees of approval or disapproval from the author’s peers. The selected publication strategy may impact on the development of a career. Resolving controversies helps science advance efficiently. Therefore, controversies should be sought and addressed, although preferably not at the start of a career.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Coronel
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Chen M, Ren YX, Xie Y, Lu WL. Gene regulations and delivery vectors for
treatment of cancer. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cui F, Hao ZX, Li J, Zhang YL, Li XK, He JX. SOX2 mediates cisplatin resistance in small-cell lung cancer with downregulated expression of hsa-miR-340-5p. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1195. [PMID: 32130794 PMCID: PMC7216814 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study is aimed to unravel the genetic factors associated with microRNA (miRNA) expression in regulating sex‐determining region Y‐box 2 (SOX2)‐mediated cisplatin resistance in small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods The relevance of SOX2 expression in SCLC was analyzed in a panel of SCLC cells by quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) and western blot (WB). We selected DMS114 cell line, in which SOX2 was amplified via lentiviral vector‐mediated transfection of the SOX2 genes and tested for the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) by MTS assay. High‐throughput sequencing and screening of differentially expressed miRNAs between SOX2‐overexpressing and normal control cells were performed. Finally, miRanda software was used to verify the miRNAs bound with SOX2 and qPCR was used to identify the expression of miRNAs which were binding with SOX2. Results Cisplatin‐resistant SOX2‐overexpressing DMS114 cell lines were successfully developed, showing a statistically significant increase in SOX2 expression by qPCR and WB. Our results showed a typically higher IC50 value in SOX2‐overexpressing cells compared with the negative controls. The high‐throughput sequencing analysis revealed that 68 miRNAs were upregulated and 24 miRNAs were downregulated in the SOX2‐overexpressing cells. The 24 downregulated miRNAs were further verified. Of them, a cancer‐related miRNA, hsa‐miR‐340‐5p, showed a higher binding affinity with SOX2 in network regulation mapping, which was also found to be markedly downregulated under qPCR analysis. Conclusion We demonstrated that downregulated expression of hsa‐miR‐340‐5p may affect cisplatin resistance by mediating SOX2 expression in SCLC cells, which may provide a potential target for the therapy of chemoresistant SCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Xue Hao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Kai Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xing He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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