Rech FV, Simões RS, Pires JA, Florêncio-Silva R, Fagundes DJ. Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on random rat skin flaps vascularization.
Acta Cir Bras 2021;
36:e360906. [PMID:
34755766 PMCID:
PMC8580510 DOI:
10.1590/acb360906]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on angiogenesis in
random rat skin flaps, by immunoexpression of vascular endothelial growth
factor A (VEGF-A).
Methods:
Forty adult rats were divided into four groups: GE) epilated; GE/HBO)
epilated subjected to HBO; GER) epilated submitted to dorsal skin flap;
GER/HBO) epilated subjected to dorsal skin flap + HBO. HBO was performed
with rats inside a chamber under atmosphere close to 100% oxygen and
pressure of 2.4 absolute atmospheres, 2h per day during seven consecutive
days. GE and GER groups were placed in the hyperbaric chamber without HBO.
Then, under anesthesia, skin flaps were removed and separated into three
portions relative to pedicle fixation. The samples were fixed in formalin
and processed for paraffin embedding. Histological sections were submitted
to immunohistochemistry for VEGF-A detection. The number of
immunostained-blood vessels were counted under light microscopy.
Results:
GE and GE/HBO groups showed normal and similar skin morphology in the three
flap portions. A fibrin-leukocyte crust, along with denatured collagen and
intense leukocyte infiltrate, was mainly observed in the dermis of the
medial and distal flap portions of GER group. Meanwhile, the GER/HBO group
presented more regions with intact collagen and small areas of leukocyte
infiltrate in the three flap regions. VEGF-A-immunostained blood vessels
were largely seen in all regions of GE and GE/HBO groups, whereas no
significant differences were found between these groups. A decrease in
vascularization was noticed in GER and GER/HBO groups, which was more
evident in the most distal portion of the flaps. However, the number of
VEGF-A-immunostained blood vessels in GER/HBO group was significantly higher
when compared to GER group.
Conclusions:
Hyperbaric oxygenation was associated with increased angiogenesis and
improved viability of rat skin flaps.
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