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Cai A, Zheng Z, Müller-Seubert W, Biggemann J, Fey T, Beier JP, Horch RE, Frieß B, Arkudas A. Microsurgical Transplantation of Pedicled Muscles in an Isolation Chamber—A Novel Approach to Engineering Muscle Constructs via Perfusion-Decellularization. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030442. [PMID: 35330443 PMCID: PMC8951001 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized whole muscle constructs represent an ideal scaffold for muscle tissue engineering means as they retain the network and proteins of the extracellular matrix of skeletal muscle tissue. The presence of a vascular pedicle enables a more efficient perfusion-based decellularization protocol and allows for subsequent recellularization and transplantation of the muscle construct in vivo. The goal of this study was to create a baseline for transplantation of decellularized whole muscle constructs by establishing an animal model for investigating a complete native muscle isolated on its pedicle in terms of vascularization and functionality. The left medial gastrocnemius muscles of 5 male Lewis rats were prepared and raised from their beds for in situ muscle stimulation. The stimulation protocol included twitches, tetanic stimulation, fatigue testing, and stretching of the muscles. Peak force, maximum rate of contraction and relaxation, time to maximum contraction and relaxation, and maximum contraction and relaxation rate were determined. Afterwards, muscles were explanted and transplanted heterotopically in syngeneic rats in an isolation chamber by microvascular anastomosis. After 2 weeks, transplanted gastrocnemius muscles were exposed and stimulated again followed by intravascular perfusion with a contrast agent for µCT analysis. Muscle constructs were then paraffin embedded for immunohistological staining. Peak twitch and tetanic force values all decreased significantly after muscle transplantation while fatigue index and passive stretch properties did not differ between the two groups. Vascular analysis revealed retained perfused vessels most of which were in a smaller radius range of up to 20 µm and 45 µm. In this study, a novel rat model of heterotopic microvascular muscle transplantation in an isolation chamber was established. With the assessment of in situ muscle contraction properties as well as vessel distribution after 2 weeks of transplantation, this model serves as a base for future studies including the transplantation of perfusion-decellularized muscle constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijia Cai
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-33296; Fax: +49-9131-85-39327
| | - Zengming Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Wibke Müller-Seubert
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Jonas Biggemann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Tobias Fey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.B.); (T.F.)
- Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Justus P. Beier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Raymund E. Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Benjamin Frieß
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.Z.); (W.M.-S.); (R.E.H.); (B.F.); (A.A.)
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Aare S, Spendiff S, Vuda M, Elkrief D, Perez A, Wu Q, Mayaki D, Hussain SNA, Hettwer S, Hepple RT. Failed reinnervation in aging skeletal muscle. Skelet Muscle 2016; 6:29. [PMID: 27588166 PMCID: PMC5007704 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle displays a marked accumulation of denervated myofibers at advanced age, which coincides with an acceleration of muscle atrophy. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that the accumulation of denervated myofibers in advanced age is due to failed reinnervation by examining muscle from young adult (YA) and very old (VO) rats and from a murine model of sporadic denervation secondary to neurotrypsin over-expression (Sarco mouse). RESULTS Both aging rat muscle and Sarco mouse muscle exhibited marked fiber-type grouping, consistent with repeating cycles of denervation and reinnervation, yet in VO muscle, rapsyn at the endplate increased and was associated with only a 10 % decline in acetylcholine receptor (AChR) intensity, whereas in Sarco mice, there was a decline in rapsyn and a 25 % decrease in AChR intensity. Transcripts of muscle-specific kinase (21-fold), acetylcholine receptor subunits α (68-fold), ε (threefold) and γ (47-fold), neural cell adhesion molecule (66-fold), and runt-related transcription factor 1 (33-fold) were upregulated in VO muscle of the rat, consistent with the marked persistent denervation evidenced by a large proportion of very small fibers (>20 %). In the Sarco mice, there were much smaller increases in denervation transcripts (0-3.5-fold) and accumulation of very small fibers (2-6 %) compared to the VO rat, suggesting a reduced capacity for reinnervation in aging muscle. Despite the marked persistent denervation in the VO rat muscle, transcripts of neurotrophins involved in promoting axonal sprouting following denervation exhibited no increase, and several miRNAs predicted to suppress neurotrophins were elevated in VO rat. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that the accumulation of denervated fibers with aging is due to failed reinnervation and that this may be affected by a limited neurotrophin response that mediates axonal sprouting following denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Aare
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Madhusudanarao Vuda
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Daren Elkrief
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ; Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Anna Perez
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Dominique Mayaki
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1
| | | | - Russell T Hepple
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, EM2.2232, RI MUHC, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC Canada H4A 3J1 ; McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ; Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
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Myogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a newly developed neurotised AV-loop model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:935046. [PMID: 24106724 PMCID: PMC3782807 DOI: 10.1155/2013/935046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Generation of axially vascularized muscle tissue constitutes a promising new approach to restoration of damaged muscle tissue. Mesenchymal stemcells (MSC), with their ability to be expanded to large cell numbers without losing their differentiation capacity into the myogenic lineage, could offer a promising cell source to generate neomuscle tissue. In vitro experiments showed that cocultures of primary myoblasts and MSC undergo myogenic differentiation by stimulation with bFGF and dexamethasone. A newly developed AV-Loop model with neurotization was established in this study. It encompasses axial vascularization and the additional implantation of a motor nerve serving as myogenic stimulator. Myoblasts and MSCs were coimplantated in a prevascularized isolation chamber. Cells were differentiated by addition of bFGF and dexamethasone plus implantation of a motor nerve. After 8 weeks, we could observe areas of myogenic differentiation with α-sarcomeric actin and MHC expression in the constructs. Quantitative PCR analysis showed an expression of myogenic markers in all specimens. Thus, neurotization and addition of bFGF and dexamethasone allow myogenic differentiation of MSC in an axially vascularized in vivo model for the first time. These findings are a new step towards clinical applicability of skeletal muscle tissue engineering and display its potential for regenerative medicine.
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Barnes MJ, Mündel T, Stannard SR. The effects of acute alcohol consumption and eccentric muscle damage on neuromuscular function. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2012; 37:63-71. [DOI: 10.1139/h11-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Voluntary and electrically stimulated muscular performance was examined to identify the effects of acute alcohol consumption on neuromuscular function in the presence and absence of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). After initial neuromuscular performance measures were made, 12 subjects completed a bout of eccentric exercise (EX) using the quadriceps muscles of 1 leg while the remaining 11 subjects did not exercise (NX). Subjects then consumed either an alcoholic beverage containing 1 g·kg–1body weight (ALC) or a nonalcoholic beverage (OJ). On another occasion the contralateral leg of both groups was tested and those in the EX group performed an equivalent bout of eccentric exercise after which the other beverage was consumed. Measurements of neuromuscular function were made pre-exercise and 36 and 60 h post-beverage consumption. Creatine kinase (CK) was measured pre-exercise and at 12, 36, and 60 h. Significantly greater (p < 0.01) decrements in maximal voluntary isometric contraction were observed with EX ALC at 36 and 60 h compared with EX OJ, and no change was seen in the NX group. Significant decreases in voluntary activation were observed at 36 h (p = 0.003) and 60 h (p = 0.01) with EX ALC only. Elevations in CK were observed at all posteccentric exercise time points (all p < 0.05) under both EX OJ and ALC. No change in electromyography or low-frequency fatigue was observed under either treatment in either group. These results suggest that decreased neural drive appears to contribute to alcohol’s effect on the magnitude of EIMD-related decrements in voluntary force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew. J. Barnes
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Toby Mündel
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Stephen R. Stannard
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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