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Ülger M, Sezer G, Özyazgan İ, Özocak H, Yay A, Balcıoğlu E, Yalçın B, Göç R, Ülger B, Özyazgan TM, Yakan B. The effect of erythropoietin and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on nerve regeneration in rats with sciatic nerve injury. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 114:101958. [PMID: 33864937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and erythropoietin on nerve regeneration in the sciatic nerve 'crush injury' in a rat model. METHODS Experimental animals were randomly divided into 5 groups: Crush Injury, Sham, Crush Injury + Erythropoietin, Crush Injury + Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Crush Injury + Erythropoietin + Mesenchymal Stem Cell groups. Crush injury made with bulldog clamp. Mesencyhmal stem cells delivered by enjection locally. Erythropoietin administered by intraperitoneally. On the 0th, 14th and 28th days, all groups underwent a sciatic functional index test. On 28th day, sciatic nerves were harvested and histopathological appearance, axon number and axon diameter of the sciatic nerves were evaluated with Oil Red O staining. Immunoreactivity of nerve growth factor, neurofilament-H and caspase-3 were determined by immunofluorescence staining in nerve tissue. RESULTS In histopathological examination, axons and nerve bundles exhibiting normal nerve architecture in the Sham group. Crush Injury + Mesenchymal Stem Cell group has similar histological appearance to the Sham group. The number of axons were higher in the Mesenchymal Stem Cell groups compared to the Crush Injury group. Nerve growth factor immunoreactivity intensity was significantly lower in Crush Injury + Mesenchymal Stem Cell group compared to Crush Injury group. Neurofilament-H density was higher in the treatment groups when compared to the Crush Injury group. CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found that umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and erythropoietin treatments effects positively regeneration of crush injury caused by bulldog clamp in the sciatic nerve of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menekşe Ülger
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Gülay Sezer
- Department of Pharmacology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - İrfan Özyazgan
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Özocak
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Esra Balcıoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Betül Yalçın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Rümeysa Göç
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Medicine, 058140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Birkan Ülger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Tuğçe Merve Özyazgan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Birkan Yakan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Wang J, Zhu YQ, Wang Y, Xu HG, Xu WJ, Wang YX, Cheng XQ, Quan Q, Hu YQ, Lu CF, Zhao YX, Jiang W, Liu C, Xiao L, Lu W, Zhu C, Wang AY. A novel tissue engineered nerve graft constructed with autologous vein and nerve microtissue repairs a long-segment sciatic nerve defect. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:143-149. [PMID: 32788469 PMCID: PMC7818853 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.286977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Veins are easy to obtain, have low immunogenicity, and induce a relatively weak inflammatory response. Therefore, veins have the potential to be used as conduits for nerve regeneration. However, because of the presence of venous valves and the great elasticity of the venous wall, the vein is not conducive to nerve regeneration. In this study, a novel tissue engineered nerve graft was constructed by combining normal dissected nerve microtissue with an autologous vein graft for repairing 10-mm peripheral nerve defects in rats. Compared with rats given the vein graft alone, rats given the tissue engineered nerve graft had an improved sciatic static index, and a higher amplitude and shorter latency of compound muscle action potentials. Furthermore, rats implanted with the microtissue graft had a higher density and thickness of myelinated nerve fibers and reduced gastrocnemius muscle atrophy compared with rats implanted with the vein alone. However, the tissue engineered nerve graft had a lower ability to repair the defect than autogenous nerve transplantation. In summary, although the tissue engineered nerve graft constructed with autologous vein and nerve microtissue is not as effective as autologous nerve transplantation for repairing long-segment sciatic nerve defects, it may nonetheless have therapeutic potential for the clinical repair of long sciatic nerve defects. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital (approval No. 2016-x9-07) on September 7, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College), Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing; Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing; The Neural Regeneration Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College), Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Xiang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Quan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chang-Feng Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Xu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College), Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College), Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Peoples' Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ai-Yuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing; The Neural Regeneration Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Vela FJ, Martínez-Chacón G, Ballestín A, Campos JL, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Abellán E. Animal models used to study direct peripheral nerve repair: a systematic review. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:491-502. [PMID: 31571661 PMCID: PMC6921335 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Peripheral nerve repair is required after traumatic injury. This common condition represents a major public health problem worldwide. Recovery after nerve repair depends on several factors, including the severity of the injury, the nerve involved, and the surgeon’s technical skills. Despite the precise microsurgical repair of nerve lesions, adequate functional recovery is not always achieved and, therefore, the regeneration process and surgical techniques are still being studied. Pre-clinical animal models are essential for this research and, for this reason, the focus of the present systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement) was to analyze the different animal models used in pre-clinical peripheral nerve repair studies. Data sources: Original articles, published in English from 2000 to 2018, were collected using the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Data selection: Only preclinical trials on direct nerve repair were included in this review. The articles were evaluated by the first two authors, in accordance with predefined data fields. Outcome measures: The primary outcomes included functional motor abilities, daily activity and regeneration rate. Secondary outcomes included coaptation technique and animal model. Results: This review yielded 267 articles, of which, after completion of the screening, 49 studies were analyzed. There were 1425 animals in those 49 studies, being rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats and dogs the different pre-clinical models. The nerves used were classified into three groups: head and neck (11), forelimb (8) and hindlimb (30). The techniques used to perform the coaptation were: microsuture (46), glue (12), laser (8) and mechanical (2). The follow-up examinations were histology (43), electrophysiological analysis (24) and behavioral observation (22). Conclusion: The most widely used animal model in the study of peripheral nerve repair is the rat. Other animal models are also used but the cost-benefit of the rat model provides several strengths over the others. Suture techniques are currently the first option for nerve repair, but the use of glues, lasers and bioengineering materials is increasing. Hence, further research in this field is required to improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Vela
- Department of Microsurgery, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Ballestín
- Department of Microsurgery, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José Luis Campos
- Department of Microsurgery, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Elena Abellán
- Department of Microsurgery, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
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