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Cela L, Gravina A, Semeraro A, Pastore F, Morelli R, Marchetti L, Brindisi G, Olivero F, Piccioni MG, Zicari AM, Anania C. Oral Food Challenge in Children with Tree Nut and Peanut Allergy: The Predictive Value of Diagnostic Tests. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:2069. [PMID: 39335748 PMCID: PMC11431423 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14182069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) affects approximately 6-8% of young children, with a peak prevalence at approximately one year of age. Tree nut and peanut allergies are among the main causes of anaphylaxis in the world. The gold standard for the diagnosis of FAs is the oral food challenge (OFC). Other diagnostic tests used in the clinical practice are skin prick tests (SPTs) and laboratory tests to measure out the presence of serum specific IgE (sIgE). In this narrative review, we collect the current evidence of the predictive value (PV) of SPTs and sIgE for the outcome of the OFCs. In literature, data are conflicting as to whether increasing sIgE concentration and wheal size in SPTs correlate with OFC outcomes. Most studies included in our review have shown that in vivo and in vitro tests may predict OFC outcomes with variable PV, but data are not conclusive; therefore, the OFC currently remains the gold standard for FA diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Cela
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Gravina
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Antonio Semeraro
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Francesca Pastore
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Rebecca Morelli
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Lavinia Marchetti
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Giulia Brindisi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | | | - Maria Grazia Piccioni
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Anna Maria Zicari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
| | - Caterina Anania
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.P.); (R.M.); (L.M.) (G.B.); (M.G.P.); (A.M.Z.)
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Breiteneder H, Kraft D. The History and Science of the Major Birch Pollen Allergen Bet v 1. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1151. [PMID: 37509186 PMCID: PMC10377203 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The term allergy was coined in 1906 by the Austrian scientist and pediatrician Clemens Freiherr von Pirquet. In 1976, Dietrich Kraft became the head of the Allergy and Immunology Research Group at the Department of General and Experimental Pathology of the University of Vienna. In 1983, Kraft proposed to replace natural extracts used in allergy diagnostic tests and vaccines with recombinant allergen molecules and persuaded Michael Breitenbach to contribute his expertise in molecular cloning as one of the mentors of this project. Thus, the foundation for the Vienna School of Molecular Allergology was laid. With the recruitment of Heimo Breiteneder as a young molecular biology researcher, the work began in earnest, resulting in the publication of the cloning of the first plant allergen Bet v 1 in 1989. Bet v 1 has become the subject of a very large number of basic scientific as well as clinical studies. Bet v 1 is also the founding member of the large Bet v 1-like superfamily of proteins with members-based on the ancient conserved Bet v 1 fold-being present in all three domains of life, i.e., archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. This suggests that the Bet v 1 fold most likely already existed in the last universal common ancestor. The biological function of this protein was probably related to lipid binding. However, during evolution, a functional diversity within the Bet v 1-like superfamily was established. The superfamily comprises 25 families, one of which is the Bet v 1 family, which in turn is composed of 11 subfamilies. One of these, the PR-10-like subfamily of proteins, contains almost all of the Bet v 1 homologous allergens from pollen and plant foods. Structural and functional comparisons of Bet v 1 and its non-allergenic homologs of the superfamily will pave the way for a deeper understanding of the allergic sensitization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heimo Breiteneder
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Kraft
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Alves PB, Pereira HP, Alves MP, Roseta L, Tavares B, Loureiro G, Carrapatoso I, Todo-Bom A, Regateiro FS. Predictors of anaphylaxis to peanut and tree nuts in a Mediterranean population. Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:533-542. [PMID: 36335421 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.220060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Peanuts (PN) and tree nuts (TN) are major causes of anaphylaxis worldwide. We aimed to determine the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with anaphylaxis in patients sensitized to PN and/or TN in a Mediterranean population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, which included 198 patients allergic to PN and/or TN (allergy symptoms plus specific immunoglobulin E [sIgE] sensitization), evaluated in consultations from January 2015 to December 2020. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were developed, including demographic, clinical, and laboratory data as independent variables, and anaphylaxis to each PN and/or TN as a dependent variables. Results: Anaphylaxis was associated with an earlier age of onset of allergy to PN, cashew and/or pistachio, and pine nut allergy but not to other TN allergies. Gender, atopic comorbidities, and cofactors were not associated with PN and/or TN anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis to PN, cashew and/or pistachio, and pine nut were associated with reactivity to a fewer number of PN and/or TN foods. Although sIgE sensitization to lipid transfer proteins (LTP) was highly prevalent in our population, only seed storage protein (SSP) positivity was associated with anaphylaxis in PN allergy. The absence of pathogenesis-related protein family 10 sensitization correlated with PN and hazelnut anaphylaxis. A higher level of sIgE to almond extract predicted anaphylaxis but the level of sIgE to other PN and/or TN extracts did not predict it. Conclusion: The high prevalence of sensitization to the pan-allergen LTP did not seem to have a significant impact in PN and/or TN allergy severity in our study. Instead, other factors, such as early age of onset and positivity for SSPs, seem to strongly associate with anaphylaxis to specific PN and/or TN. These findings may contribute to individual risk assessment in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro B Alves
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena P Pereira
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta P Alves
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis Roseta
- Clinical Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Tavares
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Graça Loureiro
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Carrapatoso
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Todo-Bom
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Frederico S Regateiro
- From the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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4
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Identification and Annotation of Peptide Allergens in Prunus dulcis. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Kabasser S, Crvenjak N, Schmalz S, Kalic T, Hafner C, Dubiela P, Kucharczyk A, Bazan‐Socha S, Lukaszyk M, Breiteneder H, Radauer C, Bublin M. Pru du 1, the Bet v 1-homologue from almond, is a major allergen in patients with birch pollen associated almond allergy. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12177. [PMID: 35949989 PMCID: PMC9358727 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Almond allergy is common and can manifest in two different forms. Primary almond allergy has been reported to be associated with sensitization to almond legumin Pru du 6. In birchendemic regions, there is a link between birch-pollinosis which is likely based on a cross-reactive Bet v 1 homologue, a yet unidentified allergen in almond. Therefore, we sought to identify and characterize a Bet v 1-homologue in almond. Methods The expression of a Bet v 1 homologue in almond kernels was confirmed by mass spectrometry. The recombinant protein was produced in Escherichia coli and its cross-reactivity and allergenic potency was analyzed by IgE quantitative and competitive ELISA, immunoblotting and basophil histamine release using sera from 17 almond allergic patients. Results The identified Bet v 1 homologue received the designation Pru du 1.0101. Pru du 1.0101 bound IgE from 82 % of almond allergic patients. Bet v 1 was able to inhibit IgE-binding to rPru du 1 by 100%, while rPru du 1 inhibited IgE binding to rBet v 1 by 48%. Pru du 1.0101 activated basophils, though 100- to 1000-fold higher concentrations were required for maximum activation in comparison to rBet v 1. Conclusion Considering the strong inhibition capacity and higher allergenic potency of Bet v 1, the results provide compelling evidence for primary sensitization to Bet v 1 in case of birch pollen associated almond allergy. Combining Pru du 6 and Pru du 1 in diagnostic approaches may help to discriminate between primary and birch-pollen associated almond allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kabasser
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Nadja Crvenjak
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Stefanie Schmalz
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Tanja Kalic
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital St. PöltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt. PöltenAustria
| | - Christine Hafner
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital St. PöltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt. PöltenAustria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Dermatological ResearchSt. PöltenAustria
| | - Pawel Dubiela
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune RegulationMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Aleksandra Kucharczyk
- Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology, AllergologyClinical Immunology, Military Institute of MedicineWarsawPoland
| | | | - Mateusz Lukaszyk
- Department of Lung Diseases and TuberculosisMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christian Radauer
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Merima Bublin
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Lu Y, Sun L, Li C, Wang X, Li W, Zhao T, Huang L, Wang Z. Comparative mass spectrometry analysis of N-glycans from the glycoproteins of eight allergy-inducing plants. Food Chem 2022; 384:132440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Borres MP, Sato S, Ebisawa M. Recent advances in diagnosing and managing nut allergies with focus on hazelnuts, walnuts, and cashew nuts. World Allergy Organ J 2022; 15:100641. [PMID: 35493774 PMCID: PMC9020091 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus P. Borres
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sakura Sato
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
- Corresponding author. Sakura Sato, M.D., Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1, Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0392, Japan.
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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Fuhrmann V, Huang HJ, Akarsu A, Shilovskiy I, Elisyutina O, Khaitov M, van Hage M, Linhart B, Focke-Tejkl M, Valenta R, Sekerel BE. From Allergen Molecules to Molecular Immunotherapy of Nut Allergy: A Hard Nut to Crack. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742732. [PMID: 34630424 PMCID: PMC8496898 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanuts and tree nuts are two of the most common elicitors of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy. Nut allergy is frequently associated with systemic reactions and can lead to potentially life-threatening respiratory and circulatory symptoms. Furthermore, nut allergy usually persists throughout life. Whether sensitized patients exhibit severe and life-threatening reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis), mild and/or local reactions (e.g., pollen-food allergy syndrome) or no relevant symptoms depends much on IgE recognition of digestion-resistant class I food allergens, IgE cross-reactivity of class II food allergens with respiratory allergens and clinically not relevant plant-derived carbohydrate epitopes, respectively. Accordingly, molecular allergy diagnosis based on the measurement of allergen-specific IgE levels to allergen molecules provides important information in addition to provocation testing in the diagnosis of food allergy. Molecular allergy diagnosis helps identifying the genuinely sensitizing nuts, it determines IgE sensitization to class I and II food allergen molecules and hence provides a basis for personalized forms of treatment such as precise prescription of diet and allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Currently available forms of nut-specific AIT are based only on allergen extracts, have been mainly developed for peanut but not for other nuts and, unlike AIT for respiratory allergies which utilize often subcutaneous administration, are given preferentially by the oral route. Here we review prevalence of allergy to peanut and tree nuts in different populations of the world, summarize knowledge regarding the involved nut allergen molecules and current AIT approaches for nut allergy. We argue that nut-specific AIT may benefit from molecular subcutaneous AIT (SCIT) approaches but identify also possible hurdles for such an approach and explain why molecular SCIT may be a hard nut to crack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Fuhrmann
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aysegul Akarsu
- Division of Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Igor Shilovskiy
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Elisyutina
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Musa Khaitov
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University, Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgit Linhart
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bulent Enis Sekerel
- Division of Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Wangorsch A, Jamin A, Eichhorn S, Pablos I, Sharma S, Schweidler B, Kastner B, Wildner S, Saloga J, Führer F, Reyna Orozco RR, Sherkat R, Sadeghi S, Teifoori F, Park JW, Briza P, Vieths S, Ferreira F, Arora N, Lidholm J, Gadermaier G, Scheurer S. Component-Resolved Diagnosis of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Allergy in Patients From Different Geographical Areas. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:691627. [PMID: 35386988 PMCID: PMC8974670 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.691627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Manifestation of respiratory allergy to American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is prominent in the subtropical and tropical areas. However, co-existing perennial indoor inhalant allergies frequently compromise clinical diagnosis of cockroach allergy, and the analysis of sensitization pattern is limited by the lack of Periplaneta allergens widely available for component-resolved diagnostics (CRD). Objective: To evaluate a collection of previously described recombinant Periplaneta allergens for CRD in cockroach allergy. Methods: A panel of nine recombinant Periplaneta allergens (Per a 1–5, 7–10) was generated, purified, and subjected to physicochemical characterization by applying circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), amino acid (AA) analysis, and mass spectrometry (MS). Patients (n = 117) from India, Korea, Venezuela, and Iran, reporting perennial respiratory indoor allergies with IgE sensitization to cockroach (P. americana and/or Blattella germanica), were included. The sensitization profile was monitored by the experimental ImmunoCAP testing. Results: ImmunoCAP testing confirmed IgE sensitization to Periplaneta and/or Blattella extract in 98 of 117 patients (r = 0.95). Five out of 117 patients were sensitized to only one of the two cockroach species. Within the whole study group, the prevalence of sensitization to individual allergens varied from 4% (Per a 2) to 50% (Per a 9), with the highest IgE values to Per a 9. Patients from four countries displayed different sensitization profiles at which Per a 3 and Per a 9 were identified as major allergens in India and Korea. Periplaneta-derived lipocalin and myosin light chain were characterized as new minor allergens, designated as Per a 4 and Per a 8. Periplaneta extract showed higher diagnostic sensitivity than all individual components combined, suggesting the existence of allergens yet to be discovered. Conclusion: Utilization of a panel of purified Periplaneta allergens revealed highly heterogeneous sensitization patterns and allowed the classification of lipocalin and myosin light chain from Periplaneta as new minor allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annette Jamin
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Eichhorn
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Isabel Pablos
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Swati Sharma
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Bettina Schweidler
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bianca Kastner
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Wildner
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joachim Saloga
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Führer
- Batch Control and Allergen Analysis, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Roya Sherkat
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Sadeghi
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fardis Teifoori
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Peter Briza
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Naveen Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Jonas Lidholm
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Immunodiagnostics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stephan Scheurer
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stephan Scheurer
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Midun E, Radulovic S, Brough H, Caubet JC. Recent advances in the management of nut allergy. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100491. [PMID: 33510829 PMCID: PMC7811165 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut/tree nut allergy is common and has been associated with particularly severe reactions. Epidemiological data have shown that the prevalence ranges between 0.05% and 4.9% for tree nut and between 0.5% and 3% for peanut. These large variations can be explained by differences in the age of included patients and the geographical region. In addition, the food consumption modality (ie, raw versus roasted) plays a major role, as heat treatment has the capacity to modify the allergenicity of nuts and legumes. Nut allergies tend to persist into adulthood and consequently have a high impact on quality of life. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a significant proportion of nut allergic patients are able to tolerate other nuts. As opposed to the avoidance of all nuts, this approach is currently proposed in several tertiary allergy centers. However, diagnosis of nut allergy is particularly difficult due to co-sensitization leading to high rate of false positive skin prick tests and/or specific IgE to whole allergen extracts. The use of component resolved diagnosis leads to major improvement of diagnosis, particularly to distinguish between primary and secondary nut allergies. The basophil activation test has been suggested to be useful but is still used mainly as a research tool. Thus, diagnosis remains mainly based on the oral food challenge, which is considered as the gold standard. Regarding treatment, avoidance remains the cornerstone of management of nut allergy. Oral immunotherapy is increasingly proposed as an alternative management strategy.
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Key Words
- Component-resolved diagnostic, CRD
- Cross reactivity
- Double-blind, placebo-controlled, food challenge, DBPCFC
- Food allergy
- Lipid transfer protein, LTP
- Oral allergy syndrome, OAS
- Oral food challenge, OFC
- Oral immunotherapy
- Oral induction tolerance, OIT
- Pathogenesis related protein type 10, PR-10
- Peanut
- Platelet-activating factor, PAF
- Pollen-food syndrome, PFS
- Precautionary Allergen Labels, (PAL)
- Skin prick test, SPT
- Tree nut
- Tree nut, TN
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Midun
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Rue Willy Donzé 6, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland, University Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 43 Boulevard Du 11-Novembre-1918, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
- Corresponding author.
| | - Suzana Radulovic
- Paediatric Allergy Group, Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, Paediatric Allergy Group, Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guys' Hospital, London, United Kingdom, Children's Allergy Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Brough
- Paediatric Allergy Group, Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, Paediatric Allergy Group, Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guys' Hospital, London, United Kingdom, Children's Allergy Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Christoph Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Rue Willy Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Lyons SA, Datema MR, Le TM, Asero R, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Jongejan L, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova TZ, Lidholm J, Papadopoulos NG, Pontoppidan B, Popov TA, Prado ND, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Vassilopoulou E, Versteeg SA, Vieths S, Zwinderman AH, Welsing PM, Mills EC, Ballmer-Weber BK, Knulst AC, Fernández-Rivas M, Van Ree R. Walnut Allergy Across Europe: Distribution of Allergen Sensitization Patterns and Prediction of Severity. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:225-235.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Muthukumar J, Selvasekaran P, Lokanadham M, Chidambaram R. Food and food products associated with food allergy and food intolerance – An overview. Food Res Int 2020; 138:109780. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Bastiaan‐Net S, Pina‐Pérez MC, Dekkers BJW, Westphal AH, America AHP, Ariëns RMC, de Jong NW, Wichers HJ, Mes JJ. Identification and in silico bioinformatics analysis of PR10 proteins in cashew nut. Protein Sci 2020; 29:1581-1595. [PMID: 32219913 PMCID: PMC7314402 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins from cashew nut can elicit mild to severe allergic reactions. Three allergenic proteins have already been identified, and it is expected that additional allergens are present in cashew nut. pathogenesis-related protein 10 (PR10) allergens from pollen have been found to elicit similar allergic reactions as those from nuts and seeds. Therefore, we investigated the presence of PR10 genes in cashew nut. Using RNA-seq analysis, we were able to identify several PR10-like transcripts in cashew nut and clone six putative PR10 genes. In addition, PR10 protein expression in raw cashew nuts was confirmed by immunoblotting and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. An in silico allergenicity assessment suggested that all identified cashew PR10 proteins are potentially allergenic and may represent three different isoallergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Bastiaan‐Net
- Wageningen Food and Biobased ResearchWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Bas J. W. Dekkers
- Wageningen Seed Lab, Laboratory of Plant PhysiologyWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adrie H. Westphal
- BiochemistryWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Antoine H. P. America
- Wageningen Plant ResearchWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Renata M. C. Ariëns
- Wageningen Food and Biobased ResearchWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Harry J. Wichers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased ResearchWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan J. Mes
- Wageningen Food and Biobased ResearchWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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14
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Kim M, Ahn Y, Yoo Y, Kim DK, Yang HJ, Park HS, Lee HJ, Kim MA, Jeong YY, Kim BS, Bae WY, Jang AS, Park Y, Koh YI, Lee J, Lim DH, Kim JH, Lee SM, Kim YM, Jun YJ, Kim HY, Kim Y, Choi JH. Clinical Manifestations and Risk Factors of Anaphylaxis in Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:960-968. [PMID: 31538431 PMCID: PMC6753338 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.10.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Many studies have reported that pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) can cause anaphylaxis. No comprehensive investigations into anaphylaxis in PFAS have been conducted, however. In this study, we investigated the clinical manifestations and risk factors for anaphylaxis in PFAS in Korean patients with pollinosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were obtained from a nationwide cross-sectional study that previously reported on PFAS in Korean patients with pollinosis. Data from 273 patients with PFAS were collected, including demographics, list of culprit fruits and vegetables, and clinical manifestations of food allergy. We analyzed 27 anaphylaxis patients and compared them with patients with PFAS with oropharyngeal symptoms only (n=130). RESULTS The most common cause of anaphylaxis in PFAS was peanut (33.3%), apple (22.2%), walnut (22.2%), pine nut (18.5%), peach (14.8%), and ginseng (14.8%). Anaphylaxis was significantly associated with the strength of sensitization to alder, hazel, willow, poplar, timothy, and ragweed (p<0.05, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed that the presence of atopic dermatitis [odds ratio (OR), 3.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-10.23; p=0.017]; sensitization to hazel (OR, 5.27; 95% CI, 1.79-15.53; p=0.003), timothy (OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 2.70-51.64; p=0.001), or ragweed (OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.03-9.87; p=0.045); and the number of culprit foods (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15-1.37; p<0.001) were related to the development of anaphylaxis in PFAS. CONCLUSION The most common culprit foods causing anaphylaxis in PFAS were peanut and apple. The presence of atopic dermatitis; sensitization to hazel, timothy, or ragweed; and a greater number of culprit foods were risk factors for anaphylaxis in PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Youngmin Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital and Nano-Bio Regenerative Medical Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jong Lee
- Lee & Hong ENT, Sleep and Cosmetic Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yi Yeong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Bong Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - An Soo Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yang Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Young Il Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jaechun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yong Min Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Joon Jun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea
| | - Hyo Yeol Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunsun Kim
- SCH Biomedical Informatics Research Unit, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Choi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea.
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15
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Ballmer-Weber BK, Lidholm J, Lange L, Pascal M, Lang C, Gernert S, Lozano-Blasco J, Gräni N, Guillod C, Wangorsch A, Hanschmann KM, Pontoppidan B, Tjäder L, Bartra J, Vieths S. Allergen Recognition Patterns in Walnut Allergy Are Age Dependent and Correlate with the Severity of Allergic Reactions. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:1560-1567.e6. [PMID: 30708144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walnut is an important elicitor of food allergy in children and adults with a high rate of severe reactions. Multicenter studies using a common clinical protocol and a comprehensive allergen are lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate potential correlations between molecular sensitization patterns and clinical characteristics of walnut-allergic patients. METHODS A total of 91 walnut-allergic subjects and 24 tolerant controls from Switzerland, Germany, and Spain were included. Walnut allergy was established by food challenge in all but anaphylactic subjects. Specific IgE (sIgE) to walnut extract, rJug r 1 (2S albumin), rJug r 3 (nonspecific lipid transfer protein 1), nJug r 4 (11S globulin), rJug r 5 (PR-10 protein), 2 vicilin fractions, profiling, and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant was determined by ImmunoCAP. A threshold of 0.10 kUA/L was used for positivity. RESULTS Sensitivity of sIgE to walnut extract was 87% and increased to 96% for the sum of all walnut components. sIgE to walnut extract and all walnut components, except rJug r 5, was significantly higher in patients younger than 14 years at inclusion. Stratification by age at onset of walnut allergy led to similar results. All patients younger than 14 years had severe reactions, whereas 38% of patients 14 years or older were mild reactors. Severe reactors (n = 70) had higher sIgE levels than did mild reactors (n = 21) to walnut extract (P < .0001), rJug r 1 (P < .0001), nJug r 4 (P = .0003), and both vicilin fractions (P < .0001), but not to Jug r 3 and Jug r 5. CONCLUSIONS Sensitization to walnut storage proteins is acquired in childhood and correlates with severe reactions. sIgE levels to storage proteins Jug r 1 and Jug r 4 and vicilin fractions, but not to nonspecific lipid transfer protein and PR-10 proteins, correlate with systemic reactions to walnut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinic for Dermatology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, Switzerland.
| | | | - Lars Lange
- Department of Pediatrics, St Marien Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Servei d'Immunologia, CDB, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Lang
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jaime Lozano-Blasco
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat (Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nora Gräni
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Guillod
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Joan Bartra
- Secció d'Allèrgia, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Celakovská J, Bukac J, Ettler K, Vaneckova J, Krcmova I, Ettlerova K, Krejsek J. The occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions and the relation to the sensitization to grass and trees in atopic dermatitis patients 14 years of age and older. Indian J Dermatol 2019; 64:346-354. [PMID: 31543527 PMCID: PMC6749770 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_164_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Methods: Results: Conclusion:
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17
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Smeekens JM, Bagley K, Kulis M. Tree nut allergies: Allergen homology, cross-reactivity, and implications for therapy. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:762-772. [PMID: 29700869 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tree nut allergy is a potentially life-threatening disease that is increasing in prevalence, now affecting 1% of the general population in the United States. While other food allergies often resolve spontaneously, tree nut allergies are outgrown in less than 10% of cases. Due to the likelihood of cross-sensitization to multiple tree nut allergens, the current treatment guideline is strict avoidance of all nuts once one tree nut allergy has been diagnosed. For example, walnut and pecan are highly cross-reactive, along with cashew and pistachio, but the extent of clinical, IgE-mediated cross-reactivity among other tree nuts remains unclear, therefore making avoidance of all tree nuts a safe approach. There have been recent advances in immunotherapy for food allergies. For instance, there are investigational immunotherapies for milk, egg and peanut allergies, specifically oral immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy and epicutaneous immunotherapy. However, there are no large randomized controlled clinical trials for tree nut allergies. Even though there has been less research into tree nut allergy immunotherapies, the evidence of T-cell cross-reactivity among tree nuts exists in animal models and in T cells from allergic patients indicates that immunotherapeutic interventions may be possible. Here, we review the literature regarding epidemiology, allergen homology and cross-reactivity among tree nuts, and explore how current findings can be employed for effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Smeekens
- Department of Pediatrics, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,UNC Food Allergy Initiative, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K Bagley
- Profectus Biosciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Kulis
- Department of Pediatrics, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,UNC Food Allergy Initiative, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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18
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Geiselhart S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Bublin M. Tree nut allergens. Mol Immunol 2018; 100:71-81. [PMID: 29680588 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tree nuts are considered as part of a healthy diet due to their high nutritional quality. However, they are also a potent source of allergenic proteins inducing IgE mediated hypersensitivity often causing serious, life-threatening reactions. The reported prevalence of tree nut allergy is up to 4.9% worldwide. The general term "tree nuts" comprises a number of nuts, seeds, and drupes, derived from trees from different botanical families. For hazelnut and walnut several allergens have been identified which are already partly applied in component resolved diagnosis, while for other tree nuts such as macadamia, coconut, and Brazil nut only individual allergens were identified and data on additional allergenic proteins are missing. This review summarizes the current knowledge on tree nut allergens and describes their physicochemical and immunological characterization and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Geiselhart
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Datema MR, van Ree R, Asero R, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Jongejan L, Knulst AC, Kowalski M, Kralimarkova TZ, Le TM, Lidholm J, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, del Prado N, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Versteeg SA, Vieths S, Zwinderman AH, Mills ENC, Fernández-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber B. Component-resolved diagnosis and beyond: Multivariable regression models to predict severity of hazelnut allergy. Allergy 2018; 73:549-559. [PMID: 28986984 DOI: 10.1111/all.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) has revealed significant associations between IgE against individual allergens and severity of hazelnut allergy. Less attention has been given to combining them with clinical factors in predicting severity. AIM To analyze associations between severity and sensitization patterns, patient characteristics and clinical history, and to develop models to improve predictive accuracy. METHODS Patients reporting hazelnut allergy (n = 423) from 12 European cities were tested for IgE against individual hazelnut allergens. Symptoms (reported and during Double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge [DBPCFC]) were categorized in mild, moderate, and severe. Multiple regression models to predict severity were generated from clinical factors and sensitization patterns (CRD- and extract-based). Odds ratios (ORs) and areas under receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were used to evaluate their predictive value. RESULTS Cor a 9 and 14 were positively (OR 10.5 and 10.1, respectively), and Cor a 1 negatively (OR 0.14) associated with severe symptoms during DBPCFC, with AUCs of 0.70-073. Combining Cor a 1 and 9 improved this to 0.76. A model using a combination of atopic dermatitis (risk), pollen allergy (protection), IgE against Cor a 14 (risk) and walnut (risk) increased the AUC to 0.91. At 92% sensitivity, the specificity was 76.3%, and the positive and negative predictive values 62.2% and 95.7%, respectively. For reported symptoms, associations and generated models proved to be almost identical but weaker. CONCLUSION A model combining CRD with clinical background and extract-based serology is superior to CRD alone in assessing the risk of severe reactions to hazelnut, particular in ruling out severe reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Datema
- Department of Experimental Immunology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - R. van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - R. Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia; Clinica San Carlo; Paderno Dugnano Italy
| | - L. Barreales
- Allergy Department; Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC; Madrid Spain
| | | | - F. de Blay
- Allergy Division; Chest Disease Department; Strasbourg University Hospital; Strasbourg France
| | - M. Clausen
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Iceland; Landspitali University Hospital; Reykjavik Iceland
| | - R. Dubakiene
- Medical Faculty; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
| | | | - P. Fritsche
- Allergy Unit; Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - D. Gislason
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Iceland; Landspitali University Hospital; Reykjavik Iceland
| | - K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - M. Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz
- Department of Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergy; Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - L. Jongejan
- Department of Experimental Immunology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - A. C. Knulst
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - M. Kowalski
- Department of Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergy; Faculty of Medicine; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - T. Z. Kralimarkova
- Clinic of Allergy and Asthma; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - T.-M. Le
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - J. Lidholm
- Thermo Fisher Scientific; Uppsala Sweden
| | - N. G. Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department; 2nd Pediatric Clinic; University of Athens; Athens Greece
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health; Institute of Human Development; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - T. A. Popov
- Clinic of Allergy and Asthma; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - N. del Prado
- Clinical epidemiology Unit; Preventive Medicine Department; Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC; Madrid Spain
| | - A. Purohit
- Allergy Division; Chest Disease Department; Strasbourg University Hospital; Strasbourg France
| | - I. Reig
- Allergy Department; Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC; Madrid Spain
| | - S. L. Seneviratne
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation; University College London; London UK
| | - A. Sinaniotis
- Allergy Department; 2nd Pediatric Clinic; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - S. A. Versteeg
- Department of Experimental Immunology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - S. Vieths
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines; Langen Germany
| | - A. H. Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - E. N. C. Mills
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | | | - B. Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit; Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
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20
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Hu MJ, Liu GY, Yang Y, Pan TM, Liu YX, Sun LC, Cao MJ, Liu GM. Cloning, Expression, and the Effects of Processing on Sarcoplasmic-Calcium-Binding Protein: An Important Allergen in Mud Crab. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6247-6257. [PMID: 28692255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Shellfish allergy is a prevalent, long-lasting disorder usually persisting throughout life. However, the allergen information is incomprehensive in crab. This study aimed to identify a novel allergen in crab, show its potential in diagnosis and reduce the allergenicity by food processing. A 21-kDa protein was purified from Scylla paramamosain and confirmed as sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein (SCP) by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS). Total RNA was isolated from crab muscle, and a rapid amplification of cDNA was performed to obtain an ORF of 579 bp that coded for 193 amino acid residues. According to the results of circular dichroism analysis and ELISA assay, the recombinant SCP (rSCP) expressed in Escherichia coli showed similar physicochemical and immunoreactive properties to native SCP (nSCP). Additionally, the extensive cross reactivity of SCP among different species and the bidirectional IgE cross-reactivity between nSCP and rSCP were detected by iELISA. The allergenicity of rSCP was reduced via Maillard reaction or enzymatic cross-linking reaction, which was confirmed by the results of scanning electron microscopy, dot blot, and digestion assay. A straightforward and reproducible way was developed to obtain high yields of rSCP that maintains structural integrity and full IgE reactivity, which could compensate the low specific IgE-titers of most patient sera for future diagnosis. Furthermore, the Maillard reaction and enzymatic cross-linking reaction were effective approaches for the production of hypoallergenic seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jun Hu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Tzu-Ming Pan
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Xiang Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Le-Chang Sun
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jie Cao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, P.R. China
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