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Hachem M, Ahmmed MK, Nacir-Delord H. Phospholipidomics in Clinical Trials for Brain Disorders: Advancing our Understanding and Therapeutic Potentials. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3272-3295. [PMID: 37981628 PMCID: PMC11087356 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipidomics is a specialized branch of lipidomics that focuses on the characterization and quantification of phospholipids. By using sensitive analytical techniques, phospholipidomics enables researchers to better understand the metabolism and activities of phospholipids in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In the brain, identifying specific phospholipid biomarkers can offer valuable insights into the underlying molecular features and biochemistry of these diseases through a variety of sensitive analytical techniques. Phospholipidomics has emerged as a promising tool in clinical studies, with immense potential to advance our knowledge of neurological diseases and enhance diagnosis and treatment options for patients. In the present review paper, we discussed numerous applications of phospholipidomics tools in clinical studies, with a particular focus on the neurological field. By exploring phospholipids' functions in neurological diseases and the potential of phospholipidomics in clinical research, we provided valuable insights that could aid researchers and clinicians in harnessing the full prospective of this innovative practice and improve patient outcomes by providing more potent treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayssa Hachem
- Department of Chemistry and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed
- Department of Fishing and Post-Harvest Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Houda Nacir-Delord
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Du S, Chen X, Ren R, Li L, Zhang B, Wang Q, Meng Y, Qiu Z, Wang G, Zheng G, Hu J. Integration of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics analysis to reveal the mechanisms underlying the amelioration of AKT-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by total flavonoids in vine tea. Food Funct 2024; 15:5158-5174. [PMID: 38630029 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main reason for chronic liver diseases and malignancies. Currently, there is a lack of approved drugs for the prevention or treatment of NAFLD. Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) has been used as a traditional Chinese beverage for centuries. Vine tea carries out several biological activities including the regulation of plasma lipids and blood glucose, hepato-protective function, and anti-tumor activity and contains the highest content of flavonoids. However, the underlying mechanisms of total flavonoids from vine tea (TF) in the attenuation of NAFLD remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the interventions and mechanisms of TF in mice with NAFLD using an integrated analysis of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics. Staining and biochemical tests revealed a significant increase in AKT-overexpression-induced (abbreviated as AKT-induced) NAFLD in mice. Lipid accumulation in hepatic intracellular vacuoles was alleviated after TF treatment. In addition, TF reduced the hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in mice with AKT-induced NAFLD. Lipidomics results showed 32 differential lipids in the liver, mainly including triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 314 differentially expressed genes were commonly upregulated in the AKT group and downregulated in the TF group. The differential regulation of lipids by the genes Pparg, Scd1, Chpt1, Dgkz, and Pla2g12b was further revealed by network enrichment analysis and confirmed by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect changes in the protein levels of the key proteins PPARγ and SCD1. In summary, TF can improve hepatic steatosis by targeting the PPAR signaling pathway, thereby reducing de novo fatty acid synthesis and modulating the glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Du
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Zou X, Xu T, Zhao T, Xia J, Zhu F, Hou Y, Lu B, Zhang Y, Yang X. Phytosterol organic acid esters: Characterization, anti-inflammatory properties and a delivery strategy to improve mitochondrial function. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100702. [PMID: 38487178 PMCID: PMC10937313 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytosterol organic acid esters are important food resources and the components of biomembrane structure. Due to the lack of extraction and synthesis techniques, more research has been focused on phytosterols, and the research on phytosterol acid esters have encountered a bottleneck, but phytosterol acid esters confer substantial benefits to human health. In this study, stigmasteryl vanillate (VAN), stigmasteryl protocatechuate (PRO) and stigmasteryl sinapate (SIN) were prepared through the Steglich reaction. The processes are promotable and the products reach up to 95% purity. In addition, their stability was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. HPLC analysis revealed an enhancement in water solubility after esterification with phenolic acid. In an in vitro digestion model, the bioaccessibility of stigmasteryl phenolates was significantly higher than that of stigmasterols (STIs). Regarding the anti-inflammatory properties, VAN, PRO, and SIN exhibit superior effects against TNF-α induced pro-inflammatory responses compared to STI. All stigmasteryl phenolates supplementation increased the ATP production, the basal, and maximal oxygen consumption rate in mitochondrial stress test. Overall, we present a synthesis method for stigmasteryl phenolates. It will contribute to the development and research of phytosterol acid ester analysis, functions and utilization in food. Moreover, the nutrient-stigmasterol hybrids tactic we have constructed is practical and can become a targeted mitochondrial delivery strategy with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zou
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Feifan Zhu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, No. 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Optical Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Jia A, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Diao Y, Chang B, Jiang M, Liu W, Qiu Z, Fu C, Qiu Y. Butanol Extract of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms Alleviates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200949. [PMID: 36869005 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of butanol extract of AS (ASBUE) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. The mice were administered ASBUE (390 or 130 mg/kg/day) or rosuvastatin (RSV) via oral gavage for eight weeks. In ApoE-/- mice, ASBUE suppressed the abnormal body weight gain and improved serum and liver biochemical indicators. ASBUE remarkably reduced the aortic plaque area, improved liver pathological conditions, and lipid metabolism abnormalities, and altered the intestinal microbiota structure in ApoE-/- mice. In the vascular tissue of ASBUE-treated mice, P-IKKβ, P-NFκB, and P-IκBα levels tended to decrease, while IκB-α increased in high fat-diet-fed atherosclerotic mice. These findings demonstrated the anti-atherosclerotic potential of ASBUE, which is mediated by the interaction between the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism and regulated via the Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. This work paves the groundwork for subsequent studies to develop innovative drugs to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Jia
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.,Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuwen Shi
- Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yuanyuan Diao
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Baijin Chang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Mengcheng Jiang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
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Chaijan M, Panpipat W, Cheong LZ. Chemical Indices and Kinetic Evaluation of β-Sitosteryl Oleate Oxidation in a Model System of Bulk Oil. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227833. [PMID: 36431934 PMCID: PMC9697817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Concerns have been raised about the safety and tolerability of phytosterol esters due to their vulnerability to oxidation. Herein, oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid-phytosterol ester, namely β-sitosteryl oleate, was observed in comparison to native β-sitosterol after accelerated storage at 65 °C for 35 days in a bulk oil model system. Depending on the sterol structure, various chemical indices of lipid oxidation, including hydroperoxide value (HPV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), p-anisidine value (AnV), and 7-keto derivatives, changed at varying rates in both samples. Such indicators for β-sitosteryl oleate appeared to be obtained at higher concentrations than those for β-sitosterol. The first order kinetic was used to describe the losses of β-sitosteryl oleate and β-sitosterol in bulk oil. It was discovered that the β-sitosteryl oleate (k = 0.0202 day-1) underwent oxidative alteration more rapidly than β-sitosterol (k = 0.0099 day-1). Results indicated that physical structure was the principal factor in the determination of storage stability of phytosterol and its ester. Research on antioxidants and storage techniques can be expanded in order to reduce the oxidative loss of phytosterol esters during storage and improve the safety and tolerability of phytosterol esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manat Chaijan
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Worawan Panpipat
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-7567-2319; Fax: +66-7567-2302
| | - Ling-Zhi Cheong
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Kwon YJ, Kwon GE, Lee HS, Choi MH, Lee JW. The Effect of Orlistat on Sterol Metabolism in Obese Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:824269. [PMID: 35282441 PMCID: PMC8905288 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.824269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orlistat, a reversible inhibitor of pancreatic and gastric lipase, is known to have anti-obesity and antioxidant properties. Cholesterol intermediates and metabolites have diverse and important functions in cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of orlistat on sterol metabolism in overweight and obese adults after weight loss during the intervention or weight loss at 12 weeks. METHODS A total of 51 (27 in the control group and 24 in the experimental group), patients with a BMI of 27 or greater were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either orlistat (120 mg) three times a day plus phentermine hydrochloride (37.5 mg) once daily or a placebo three times a day plus phentermine hydrochloride (37.5 mg) once daily. The primary study outcome was sterol metabolism. RESULTS The experimental group exhibited significantly decreased metabolic signatures of serum sterols, free cholesterol, sitosterol, 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-OHC), and 7β-OHC at 12 weeks. The experimental group also exhibited significantly decreased metabolic ratios of sitosterol and 7α-OHC to cholesterol at 12 weeks. Regarding changes in sterol signatures from baseline to 6-month follow-up, free cholesterol, plant sterols, and cholesterol precursors tended to decrease with weight loss during the intervention and increase again as the weight was regained in both groups. CONCLUSION Orlistat treatment improves oxysterol metabolism in overweight and obese adults. Our findings support that orlistat plays a crucial role in the process of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis via oxysterol modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Go Eun Kwon
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Man Ho Choi, ; Ji-Won Lee,
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Man Ho Choi, ; Ji-Won Lee,
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