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Liu P, Gongpan P, Wu SL, Li XY, Huang XY, Ma YB, Geng CA. New labdane diterpenoids from Alpinia galanga: A new type of GLP-1 secretagogues targeting the PKA-CREB and PI3K-Akt signaling axes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400383. [PMID: 39031533 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretagogues are fascinating pharmacotherapies to overcome the defects of GLP-1 analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in treating diabetes and obesity. To discover new GLP-1 secretagogues from natural sources, alpigalangols A-Q (1-17), 17 new labdane diterpenoids including four unusual nor-labdane and N-containing ones, were isolated from the fruits of Alpinia galanga. Most of the isolates showed GLP-1 promotive effects in NCl-H716 cells, of which compounds 3, 4, 12, and 14-17 were revealed with high promoting rates of 246.0%-413.8% at 50 µM. A mechanistic study manifested that the most effective compound 12 upregulated the mRNA expression of Gcg and Pcsk1, and the protein phosphorylation of PKA, CREB, and GSK3β, but was inactive on GPBAR and GPR119 receptors. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the PI3K-Akt pathway was involved in the GLP-1 stimulation of 12, which was highly associated with AKT1, CASP3, PPARG, and ICAM1 proteins. This study suggests that A. galanga is rich in diverse labdane diterpenoids with GLP-1 promoting effects, representing a new type of antidiabetic candidates from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Pianchou Gongpan
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Bao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Servida S, Piontini A, Gori F, Tomaino L, Moroncini G, De Gennaro Colonna V, La Vecchia C, Vigna L. Curcumin and Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Overview with Focus on Glycemic Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7710. [PMID: 39062953 PMCID: PMC11277527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Turmeric is a spice widely used in China, Southeast Asia, and in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Its safety profile and efficacy as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity agent have led to extensive research into its potential role in preventing and treating metabolic diseases. The active compound in turmeric is curcumin, which exhibits low systemic bioavailability after oral administration. However, it is detectable in the gut, where it bidirectionally interacts with the gut microbiota (GM), which plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. The favorable effects of curcumin, particularly its hypoglycemic properties, are linked to alteration in intestinal dysbiosis observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome patients. Restoration of the eubiotic GM may contribute to glycemic homeostasis. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the involvement of the GM in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Although the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood, intestinal dysbiosis is associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and low-grade inflammation. In the present overview, we summarize the biological properties of curcumin, focusing on its link with GM and, therefore, on its potential role in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Servida
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
| | - Alessandra Piontini
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
| | - Francesca Gori
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Laura Tomaino
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Moroncini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Vito De Gennaro Colonna
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, DISSCO, Università degli Studi, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, DISSCO, Università degli Studi, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
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He Y, Chen X, Li Y, Liang Y, Hong T, Yang J, Cao Z, Mai H, Yao J, Zhang T, Wu K, Zou J, Feng D. Curcumin supplementation alleviates hepatic fat content associated with modulation of gut microbiota-dependent bile acid metabolism in patients with nonalcoholic simple fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 120:66-79. [PMID: 38795741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies showed that curcumin prevented hepatic steatosis in animal models. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin on hepatic fat content, body composition, and gut microbiota-dependent bile acid (BA) metabolism in patients with nonalcoholic simple fatty liver (NASFL). METHODS In a 24-wk double-blind randomized trial, 80 patients with NASFL received 500 mg/d curcumin or placebo. Hepatic fat content was measured using FibroTouch-based controlled attenuation parameters (CAPs). Microbial composition and BA metabolites were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics. RESULTS Curcumin consumption significantly reduced CAP value compared with placebo (-17.5 dB/m; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -27.1, -7.8 dB/m; P < 0.001). This corresponded to reduction in weight (-2.6 kg; 95% CI: -4.4, -0.8 kg; P < 0.001) and BMI (-1.0 kg/m2; 95% CI: -2.0, -0.1 kg/m2; P = 0.032) compared with placebo group. Additionally, free fatty acid (-0.12 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.20, -0.04 mmol/L; P = 0.004), triglycerides (-0.29 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.14 mmol/L; P < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (-0.06 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.12, -0.01 mmol/L; P = 0.038), hemoglobin A1c (-0.06%; 95% CI: -0.33, -0.01%; P = 0.019), and insulin (-4.94 μU/L; 95% CI: -9.73, -0.15 μU/L; P = 0.043) showed significant reductions in the curcumin group compared with placebo group. Gut microbiota analysis indicated that curcumin significantly decreased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and significantly increased Bacteroides abundance. Serum levels of deoxycholic acid, the most potent activator of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), were significantly elevated after curcumin intervention (37.5 ng/mL; 95% CI: 6.7, 68.4 ng/mL; P = 0.018). Curcumin treatment also increased TGR5 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum glucagon-like peptide-1 levels (0.73 ng/mL; 95% CI: 0.16, 1.30 ng/mL; P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Improvements in gut microbiota-dependent BA metabolism and TGR5 activation after 24-wk curcumin intervention were associated with a reduction in hepatic fat content in patients with NASFL, providing evidence that curcumin is a potential nutritional therapy for NASFL. The trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR2200058052.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Yunyi Liang
- Health Management Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Ting Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Mai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Kaize Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China.
| | - Dan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li XJ, Fang C, Zhao RH, Zou L, Miao H, Zhao YY. Bile acid metabolism in health and ageing-related diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116313. [PMID: 38788963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) have surpassed their traditional roles as lipid solubilizers and regulators of BA homeostasis to emerge as important signalling molecules. Recent research has revealed a connection between microbial dysbiosis and metabolism disruption of BAs, which in turn impacts ageing-related diseases. The human BAs pool is primarily composed of primary BAs and their conjugates, with a smaller proportion consisting of secondary BAs. These different BAs exert complex effects on health and ageing-related diseases through several key nuclear receptors, such as farnesoid X receptor and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects are still debated. Therefore, the modulation of signalling pathways by regulating synthesis and composition of BAs represents an interesting and novel direction for potential therapies of ageing-related diseases. This review provides an overview of synthesis and transportion of BAs in the healthy body, emphasizing its dependence on microbial community metabolic capacity. Additionally, the review also explores how ageing and ageing-related diseases affect metabolism and composition of BAs. Understanding BA metabolism network and the impact of their nuclear receptors, such as farnesoid X receptor and G protein-coupled receptor 5 agonists, paves the way for developing therapeutic agents for targeting BA metabolism in various ageing-related diseases, such as metabolic disorder, hepatic injury, cardiovascular disease, renal damage and neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China; Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510315, China
| | - Chu Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Rui-Hua Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | - Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
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Li Z, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Wu K, Zhang L, Yao Y, Zheng C. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites associate with circulating immune cell subsets in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24571. [PMID: 38312612 PMCID: PMC10835175 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the precise causes of over 40 % of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) cases cannot be identified, leading to the term "unexplained RSA" (URSA). Through an exploration of the gut microbiota, metabolites, and immune cell subsets in URSA, this study establishes a link between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and immune cells. The results indicate reduced diversity in the gut microbiota of URSA. Targeted metabolomic analyses reveal decreased levels of gut microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA), glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), acetate, propionate, and butyrate in URSA. Furthermore, elevated frequencies of Th1, Th17, and plasma B cells, along with decreased frequencies of Tregs and Bregs, are observed in the peripheral blood of URSA. The results demonstrate correlations between the levels of gut microbiota-derived bile acids and short-chain fatty acids and the frequencies of various immune cell subsets in circulation. Collectively, this study uncovers an association between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and circulating immune cell subsets in URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Kaiqi Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, China
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