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Irfan A, Imran M, Al-Sehemi AG, Assiri MA, Hussain A, Khalid N, Ullah S, Abbas G. Quantum chemical, experimental exploration of biological activity and inhibitory potential of new cytotoxic kochiosides fromKochia prostrata(L.) Schrad. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633620500121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
New cytotoxic steroidal glycoside of methanol extract from Kochia prostrata ([Formula: see text]) Schrad was investigated in this study. Bio-guided isolation from ethylacetate fraction of whole plant afforded steroidal glycosides named as 5-ene-dimethylcholest3-O-[Formula: see text]-D-glucoside (Kochioside 1A1), 5-ene-methylcholest3-O-[Formula: see text]-D-glucoside (Kochioside 2A1) and 4-ene-dimethylcholest3-O-[Formula: see text]-D-glucoside (Kochioside 3A1). Their structures were assigned by physical and spectroscopic methods. Kochiosides 1A1–3A1showed inhibitory potential against brine shrimp lethality bioassay with etoposide standard drug. The new steroidal glycoside kochiosides 1A1–3A1showed inhibition values of 8.3201, 8.8205 and 8.2310[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL, respectively with [Formula: see text] compared to standard etoposide [Formula: see text] (7.4625[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL) drug. Moreover, six new derivatives were designed by substituting the –NH2and –OCH3at R1, R2 and R3 positions in the isolated compounds. Herein, various molecular descriptors, frontier molecular orbitals (FMO), electron affinity, ionization potential and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were carried out to understand the active sites and biological active nature of the new cytotoxic steroidal glycoside kochiosides. The effect of electron donating groups (–NH2and –OCH3) was also investigated on the structural parameters and electronic properties in gas and solvent (DMSO) phases. The energy gap, MEP and reactivity descriptors values demonstrate that the kochioside 3A1retains good reactivity, which is in good agreement with current experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Irfan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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