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Knapkiewicz M, Jankowska I, Swiergiel J, Tritt-Goc J. Evidence for NMR Relaxation Enhancement in a Protic Ionic Liquid by the Movement of Protons Independent of the Translational Diffusion of Cations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6876-6884. [PMID: 38968545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The molecular dynamics, thermal stability, and ionic conductivity were studied in the protic ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MIm][TFSI]). The relaxation of the 1H spin-lattice of cations in the measured frequency range (10 kHz to 20 MHz) and temperature (298 to 343 K) is sensitive mainly to slow processes occurring in the molecular dynamics of protic ionic liquid and dominated by the contribution of intermolecular translational diffusion. Molecular rotations give only a constant contribution and become significant in the higher frequency range. An interesting feature is the observed enhancement of the 1H spin-lattice relaxation below 0.03 MHz attributed to the exchange of protons (order of 10-5 s) between imidazolium cations. The measurements of the self-diffusion coefficient of hydrogen atoms of cation from 298 to 343 K additionally confirm the observed phenomenon. The coefficient for exchangeable protons -NH is higher than for the cation. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments provide unambiguous evidence for proton transport decoupled from molecular diffusion of ions and support the conclusion that the charge transport mechanism in the studied PIL includes contributions from both the vehicular and Grotthus mechanisms. The protic ionic liquid is thermally stable to about 573 K as shown by thermogravimetric analysis and its electrical conductivity is 5 × 10-2 S/cm at 423 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Knapkiewicz
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań 60-179, Poland
| | - Iga Jankowska
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań 60-179, Poland
| | - Jolanta Swiergiel
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań 60-179, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Tritt-Goc
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań 60-179, Poland
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2
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Drake AD, He Y, Ladipo F, Knutson BL, Rankin SE. Effect of Pore Confinement of Ionic Liquids on Solute Diffusion within Mesoporous Silica Microparticles. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 38478906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The transport properties of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) confined within silica microparticles with well-ordered, accessible mesopores (5.4 or 9 nm diameter) were investigated. [BMIM][PF6] confinement was confirmed by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The transport properties of the confined IL were studied using the neutral and cationic fluorescent probes 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) and rhodamine 6G, respectively, through fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in confocal microscopy. The diffusivity of DCM in 9 nm pores is 0.026 ± 0.0091 μm2/s, which is 2 orders of magnitude less than in the bulk ionic liquid. The pore size did not affect the diffusivity of DCM in unmodified silica nanopores. The diffusivity of the cationic probe is reduced by 63% relative to that of the neutral probe. Diffusivity is increased with water content, where equilibrium hydration of the system leads to a 37% increase in DCM diffusivity. The most dramatic impact on diffusivity was caused by tethering an IL-like methylimidazolium chloride group to the pores, which increased the pore hydrophobicity and resulted in 3-fold higher diffusivity of DCM compared to bare silica pores. Subsequent exchange of the chloride anion from the tethering group with PF6- decreased the diffusivity to half that of bare silica. The diffusion of probe molecules is affected most strongly by the pore wall effects on probe interactions rather than by the pore size itself, which suggests that understanding pore wall diffusion is critical to the design of nanoconfined ILs for separations, catalysis, and energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Drake
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 F.P. Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 F.P. Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Folami Ladipo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 125 Chemistry/Physics Building, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Barbara L Knutson
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 F.P. Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Stephen E Rankin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 F.P. Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
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Stankiewicz A, Kasparek A, Masiewicz E, Kruk D. Diffusion of Water Molecules on the Surface of Silica Nanoparticles─Insights from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1535-1543. [PMID: 38295281 PMCID: PMC10875636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
1H spin-lattice nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation experiments have been performed for water dispersions of functionalized silica nanoparticles of diameters of 25 and 45 nm. The experiments have been performed in a broad frequency range spanning 3 orders of magnitude, from 10 kHz to 10 MHz, versus temperature, from 313 to 263 K. On the basis of the data, two-dimensional translation diffusion (diffusion close to the nanoparticle surface within a layer of the order of a few diameters of water molecules) has been revealed. The translational correlation times as well as the residence life times on the nanoparticle surface have been determined. It has turned out that the residence lifetime is temperature-independent and is on the order of 5 × 10-6 s for the smaller nanoparticles and by about a factor of 3 longer for the larger ones. The translational correlation time for the case of 25 nm nanoparticles is also temperature-independent and yields about 6 × 10-7 s, while for the dispersion of the larger nanoparticles, the correlation times changed from about 8 × 10-7 s at 313 K to about 1.2 × 10-6 s at 263 K. In addition to the quantitative characterization of the two-dimensional translation diffusion, correlation times associated with bound water molecules have been determined. The studies have also given insights into the population of the bound and diffusing water on the surface water fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stankiewicz
- Department of Physics and
Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury
in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Kasparek
- Department of Physics and
Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury
in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Masiewicz
- Department of Physics and
Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury
in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics and
Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury
in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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4
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Fraenza CC, Greenbaum SG, Suarez SN. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Pathways in Electrolytes for Energy Storage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10373. [PMID: 37373520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spin relaxation times have been an instrumental tool in deciphering the local environment of ionic species, the various interactions they engender and the effect of these interactions on their dynamics in conducting media. Of particular importance has been their application in studying the wide range of electrolytes for energy storage, on which this review is based. Here we highlight some of the research carried out on electrolytes in recent years using NMR relaxometry techniques. Specifically, we highlight studies on liquid electrolytes, such as ionic liquids and organic solvents; on semi-solid-state electrolytes, such as ionogels and polymer gels; and on solid electrolytes such as glasses, glass ceramics and polymers. Although this review focuses on a small selection of materials, we believe they demonstrate the breadth of application and the invaluable nature of NMR relaxometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C Fraenza
- Physics Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Steve G Greenbaum
- Physics Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Physics Department, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sophia N Suarez
- Physics Department, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Physics Department, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
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Gkoura L, Panopoulos N, Karagianni M, Romanos G, Chatzichristos A, Papavassiliou G, Hassan J, Fardis M. Investigation of Dynamic Behavior of Confined Ionic Liquid [BMIM] +[TCM] - in Silica Material SBA-15 Using NMR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6739. [PMID: 37047711 PMCID: PMC10095388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular dynamics of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tricyanomethanide ionic liquid [BMIM]+[TCM]- confined in SBA-15 mesoporous silica were examined using 1H NMR spin-lattice (T1) relaxation and diffusion measurements. An extensive temperature range (100 K-400 K) was considered in order to study both the liquid and glassy states. The hydrogen dynamics in the two states and the self-diffusion coefficients of the cation [BMIM]+ above the glass transition temperature were extracted from the experimental data. The results were then compared to the corresponding bulk substance. The effects of confinement on the dynamic properties of the ionic liquid clearly manifest themselves in both temperature regimes. In the high-temperature liquid state, the mobility of the confined cations reduces significantly compared to the bulk; interestingly, confinement drives the ionic liquid to the glassy state at a higher temperature Tg than the bulk ionic liquid, whereas an unusual T1 temperature dependence is observed in the high-temperature regime, assigned to the interaction of the ionic liquid with the silica-OH species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Gkoura
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nikolaos Panopoulos
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Karagianni
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - George Romanos
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Aris Chatzichristos
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - George Papavassiliou
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Jamal Hassan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michael Fardis
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
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6
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Molecular Dynamics of Jelly Candies by Means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052230. [PMID: 36903475 PMCID: PMC10005792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1H spin-lattice Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxation studies have been performed for different kinds of Haribo jelly and Vidal jelly in a very broad frequency range from about 10 kHz to 10 MHz to obtain insight into the dynamic and structural properties of jelly candies on the molecular level. This extensive data set has been thoroughly analyzed revealing three dynamic processes, referred to as slow, intermediate and fast dynamics occurring on the timescale of 10-6 s, 10-7 s and 10-8 s, respectively. The parameters have been compared for different kinds of jelly for the purpose of revealing their characteristic dynamic and structural properties as well as to enquire into how increasing temperature affects these properties. It has been shown that dynamic processes in different kinds of Haribo jelly are similar (this can be treated as a sign of their quality and authenticity) and that the fraction of confined water molecules is reduced with increasing temperature. Two groups of Vidal jelly have been identified. For the first one, the parameters (dipolar relaxation constants and correlation times) match those for Haribo jelly. For the second group including cherry jelly, considerable differences in the parameters characterizing their dynamic properties have been revealed.
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7
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Water Dynamics in Highly Concentrated Protein Systems-Insight from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044093. [PMID: 36835511 PMCID: PMC9963861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for water-Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) mixtures, including 20%wt and 40%wt of BSA. The experiments have been carried out in a frequency range encompassing three orders of magnitude, from 10 kHz to 10 MHz, versus temperature. The relaxation data have been thoroughly analyzed in terms of several relaxation models with the purpose of revealing the mechanisms of water motion. For this purpose, four relaxation models have been used: the data have been decomposed into relaxation contributions expressed in terms of Lorentzian spectral densities, then three-dimensional translation diffusion has been assumed, next two-dimensional surface diffusion has been considered, and eventually, a model of surface diffusion mediated by acts of adsorption to the surface has been employed. In this way, it has been demonstrated that the last concept is the most plausible. Parameters describing the dynamics in a quantitative manner have been determined and discussed.
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8
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Cunha J, da Silva MP, Beira MJ, Corvo MC, Almeida PL, Sebastião PJ, Figueirinhas JL, de Pinho MN. Water Molecular Dynamics in the Porous Structures of Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration Asymmetric Cellulose Acetate-Silica Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1122. [PMID: 36363677 PMCID: PMC9693417 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the characterization of water dynamics in cellulose acetate-silica asymmetric membranes with very different pore structures that are associated with a wide range of selective transport properties of ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF). By combining 1H NMR spectroscopy, diffusometry and relaxometry and considering that the spin-lattice relaxation rate of the studied systems is mainly determined by translational diffusion, individual rotations and rotations mediated by translational displacements, it was possible to assess the influence of the porous matrix's confinement on the degree of water ordering and dynamics and to correlate this with UF/NF permeation characteristics. In fact, the less permeable membranes, CA/SiO2-22, characterized by smaller pores induce significant orientational order to the water molecules close to/interacting with the membrane matrix's interface. Conversely, the model fitting analysis of the relaxometry results obtained for the more permeable sets of membranes, CA/SiO2-30 and CA/SiO2-34, did not evidence surface-induced orientational order, which might be explained by the reduced surface-to-volume ratio of the pores and consequent loss of sensitivity to the signal of surface-bound water. Comparing the findings with those of previous studies, it is clear that the fraction of more confined water molecules in the CA/SiO2-22-G20, CA/SiO2-30-G20 and CA/SiO2-34-G20 membranes of 0.83, 0.24 and 0.35, respectively, is in agreement with the obtained diffusion coefficients as well as with the pore sizes and hydraulic permeabilities of 3.5, 38 and 81 kg h-1 m-2 bar-1, respectively, reported in the literature. It was also possible to conclude that the post-treatment of the membranes with Triton X-100 surfactants produced no significant structural changes but increased the hydrophobic character of the surface, leading to higher diffusion coefficients, especially for systems associated with average smaller pore dimensions. Altogether, these findings evidence the potential of combining complementary NMR techniques to indirectly study hydrated asymmetric porous media, assess the influence of drying post-treatments on hybrid CA/SiO2 membrane' surface characteristics and discriminate between ultra- and nano-filtration membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cunha
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Physics (DF), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel P. da Silva
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Beira
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Physics (DF), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta C. Corvo
- Centro de Investigação em Materiais (CENIMAT), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Almeida
- Centro de Investigação em Materiais (CENIMAT), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Department of Physics, ISEL, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro J. Sebastião
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Physics (DF), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João L. Figueirinhas
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Physics (DF), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Norberta de Pinho
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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9
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Filippov A, Antzutkin ON, Arkhipov VP, Gnezdilov OI. Diffusivity of ethylammonium nitrate protic ionic liquid confined in porous glasses. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Kruk D, Masiewicz E, Kołodziejski K, Markiewicz R, Jurga S. Relative Cation-Anion Diffusion in Alkyltriethylammonium-Based Ionic Liquids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115994. [PMID: 35682674 PMCID: PMC9181216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for a series of ionic liquids including the same anion, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and cations with alkyl chains of different lengths: triethylhexylammonium, triethyloctylammonium, decyltriethylammonium, dodecyltriethylammonium, decyltriethylammonium, and hexadecyltriethylammonium. The experiments have been carried out in a frequency range of 10 kHz to 10 MHz versus temperature. A thorough analysis of the relaxation data has led to the determination of the cation–anion as a relative translation diffusion coefficient. The diffusion coefficients have been compared with the corresponding cation–cation and anion–anion diffusion coefficients, revealing a correlation in the relative translation movement of the anion and the triethylhexylammonium, triethyloctylammonium, decyltriethylammonium, and dodecyltriethylammonium cations, whereas the relative translation diffusion between the anion and the cations with the longer alkyl chains, decyltriethylammonium and hexadecyltriethylammonium, remains rather uncorrelated (correlated to a much lesser extent).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elżbieta Masiewicz
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Karol Kołodziejski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
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11
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Damodaran K. Recent advances in NMR spectroscopy of ionic liquids. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 129:1-27. [PMID: 35292132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This review presents recent developments in the application of NMR spectroscopic techniques in the study of ionic liquids. NMR has been the primary tool not only for the structural characterization of ionic liquids, but also for the study of dynamics. The presence of a host of NMR active nuclei in ionic liquids permits widespread use of multinuclear NMR experiments. Chemical shifts and multinuclear coupling constants are used routinely for the structure elucidation of ionic liquids and of products formed by their covalent interactions with other materials. Also, the availability of a multitude of NMR techniques has facilitated the study of dynamical processes in them. These include the use of NOESY to study inter-ionic interactions, pulsed-field gradient techniques for probing transport properties, and relaxation measurements to elucidate rotational dynamics. This review will focus on the application of each of these techniques to investigate ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
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12
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Kruk D, Masiewicz E, Budny J, Stankiewicz A, Lotarska S, Oztop M, Wieczorek Z. Diffusion in oils versus their viscosity – Insight from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Kruk D, Masiewicz E, Budny J, Kolodziejski K, Zulewska J, Wieczorek Z. Relationship between macroscopic properties of honey and molecular dynamics – temperature effects. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Relationship between Translational and Rotational Dynamics of Alkyltriethylammonium-Based Ionic Liquids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031688. [PMID: 35163609 PMCID: PMC8836145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for a series of ionic liquids including bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion and cations of a varying alkyl chain length: triethylhexylammonium, triethyloctylammonium, decyltriethylammonium, dodecyltriethylammonium, triethyltetradecylammonium, and hexadecyltriethylammonium. The relaxation studies were carried out in abroad frequency range covering three orders of magnitude, from 10 kHz to 10 MHz, versus temperature. On the basis of a thorough, quantitative analysis of this reach data set, parameters characterizing the relative, cation-cation, translation diffusion (relative diffusion coefficients and translational correlation times), and rotational motion of the cation (rotational correlation times) were determined. Relationships between these quantities and their dependence on the alkyl chain length were discussed in comparison to analogous properties of molecular liquids. It was shown, among other findings, that the ratio between the translational and rotational correlation times is smaller than for molecular liquids and considerably dependent on temperature. Moreover, a comparison of relative and self-diffusion coefficients indicate correlated translational dynamics of the cations.
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Kruk D, Jancelewicz M, Klimaszyk A, Markiewicz R, Fojud Z, Jurga S. Internal Dynamics of Ionic Liquids over a Broad Temperature Range-The Role of the Cation Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:ma15010216. [PMID: 35009361 PMCID: PMC8746224 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
1H and 19F spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for a series of ionic liquids sharing the same anion: bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide but including cations of different alkyl chain lengths: butyltriethylammonium, triethyloctylammonium, dodecyltriethylammo-nium and hexadecyltriethylammonium. The studies have been carried out in the temperature range from 383 to 108 K at the resonance frequency of 200 MHz (for 1H). A quantitative analysis of the relaxation data has revealed two dynamical processes for both kinds of ions. The dynamics have been successfully modeled in terms of the Arrhenius law. The timescales of the dynamical processes and their temperature evolution have been discussed in detail, depending on the structure of the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (A.K.); (R.M.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariusz Jancelewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (A.K.); (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Adam Klimaszyk
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (A.K.); (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (A.K.); (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Zbigniew Fojud
- Department of MacromoLecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (A.K.); (R.M.); (S.J.)
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Kruk D, Masiewicz E, Lotarska S, Markiewicz R, Jurga S. Correlated Dynamics in Ionic Liquids by Means of NMR Relaxometry: Butyltriethylammonium bis(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as an Example. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179117. [PMID: 34502026 PMCID: PMC8431572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
1H and 19F spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for butyltriethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the temperature range from 258 to 298 K and the frequency range from 10 kHz to 10 MHz. The results have thoroughly been analysed in terms of a relaxation model taking into account relaxation pathways associated with 1H–1H, 19F–19F and 1H–19F dipole–dipole interactions, rendering relative translational diffusion coefficients for the pairs of ions: cation–cation, anion–anion and cation–anion, as well as the rotational correlation time of the cation. The relevance of the 1H–19F relaxation contribution to the 1H and 19F relaxation has been demonstrated. A comparison of the diffusion coefficients has revealed correlation effects in the relative cation–anion translational movement. It has also turned out that the translational movement of the anions is faster than of cations, especially at high temperatures. Moreover, the relative cation–cation diffusion coefficients have been compared with self-diffusion coefficients obtained by means of NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) gradient diffusometry. The comparison indicates correlation effects in the relative cation–cation translational dynamics—the effects become more pronounced with decreasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (S.L.)
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elzbieta Masiewicz
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Sylwia Lotarska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
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17
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Kruk D, Florek-Wojciechowska M, Oztop M, Ilhan E, Wieczorek Z. Water dynamics in eggs by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 327:106976. [PMID: 33901897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry has been applied to reveal dynamical properties of water molecules embedded into egg yolk and white of three species: turkey, chicken and quail. Two fractions of water molecules, referred to as confined-water and free-water fractions, have been revealed. It has been demonstrated that translation diffusion of the confined-water fraction is three-dimensional. The dynamics of the confined-water has been quantitatively described in terms of diffusion coefficients and rotational correlation times. The parameters have been compared for egg yolk and white for all the species. In addition to these quantities, the number of the confined-water molecules per unit volume has been provided for all cases. The obtained parameters provide insight into the dynamics of water in eggs of different origin and allow to identify similarities and differences between them in connection to the structure of the network formed by the macromolecular fraction of egg yolk and white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Florek-Wojciechowska
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mecit Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esmanur Ilhan
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zbigniew Wieczorek
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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18
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Overbeck V, Schröder H, Bonsa AM, Neymeyr K, Ludwig R. Insights into the translational and rotational dynamics of cations and anions in protic ionic liquids by means of NMR fast-field-cycling relaxometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2663-2675. [PMID: 33480888 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05440b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the translational and rotational dynamics of cations and anions in hydrogen bonded protic ionic liquids (PIls) is still a challenge. In this study, we determine self-diffusion coefficients and rotational correlation times of both ions in triethylammonium based PILs by means of NMR Fast-Field-Cycling (FFC) relaxometry. Global fits of 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) curves allowed proper separation into intra and inter molecular relaxation rates for both NMR sensitive nuclei and thus a reliable description of translational and rotational motion for both ions individually. The diffusion coefficients of the cations are in the order of 6 × 10-11 m2 s-1 at room temperature and about 50 per cent larger than those of the anions. The diffusion coefficients of cations and anions in both PILs were compared with those we derived from applying an universal dispersion power law and those known from pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR studies. Considering the Nernst-Einstein equation, molar conductivities were calculated from cationic and anionic diffusion coefficients and related to directly measured molar conductivities, allowing the determination of the degree of dissociation. The rotational correlation times τR ranging from 50 ps up to 2 ns as a function of temperature were compared with those obtained from high-field NMR quadrupolar relaxation time measurements addressing explicitly the rotation of the NH vector and giving insights into the acidic proton mobility. The Stokes-Einstein and Stokes-Einstein-Debye relations were applied to relate the diffusion coefficients and rotational correlation times to the macroscopic bulk viscosity. The results were also discussed with respect to the archetypical PIL ethylammonium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Overbeck
- Department LL&M, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany. and Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Henning Schröder
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rostock, Ulmenstr. 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Bonsa
- Department LL&M, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany. and Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Klaus Neymeyr
- Department of Mathematics, University of Rostock, Ulmenstr. 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- Department LL&M, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany. and Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany and Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Jayakody NK, Fraenza CC, Greenbaum SG, Ashby D, Dunn BS. NMR Relaxometry and Diffusometry Analysis of Dynamics in Ionic Liquids and Ionogels for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6843-6856. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nishani Kanchana Jayakody
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Carla C. Fraenza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Steven G. Greenbaum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - David Ashby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Bruce S. Dunn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
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Wiedemann C, Hempel G, Bordusa F. Reorientation dynamics and ion diffusivity of neat dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate probed by NMR spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35735-35750. [PMID: 35528082 PMCID: PMC9074696 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07731f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy at two magnetic field strengths was employed to investigate the dynamics of dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([C1C1IM][(CH3)2PO4]). [C1C1IM][(CH3)2PO4] is a low-melting, halogen-free ionic liquid comprising of only methyl groups. 13C spin–lattice relaxation rates as well as self-diffusion coefficients were measured for [C1C1IM][(CH3)2PO4] as a function of temperature. The rotational correlation times, τc, for the cation and the anion were obtained from the 13C spin–lattice relaxation rates. Although from a theoretical point of view cations and anions are similar in size, they show different reorientation mobilities and diffusivities. The self-diffusion coefficients and the rotational correlation times were related to the radii of the diffusing spheres. The analysis reveals that the radii of the cation and the anion, respectively, are different from each other but constant at temperatures ranging from 293 to 353 K. The experimental results are rationalised by a discrete and individual cation and anion diffusion. The [(CH3)2PO4]− anion reorients faster compared to the cation but diffuses significantly slower indicating the formation of anionic aggregates. Relaxation data were acquired with standard liquid and magic-angle-spinning NMR probes to estimate residual dipolar interactions, chemical shift anisotropy or differences in magnetic susceptibility within the sample. Liquid and HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy at two magnetic field strengths was employed to investigate the dynamics of ([C1C1IM][(CH3)2PO4]).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Charles Tanford Protein Center
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- D-06120 Halle (Saale)
- Germany
| | - Günter Hempel
- Institute of Physics
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- D-06120 Halle (Saale)
- Germany
| | - Frank Bordusa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Charles Tanford Protein Center
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- D-06120 Halle (Saale)
- Germany
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