1
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Zhang YR, Yin Y, Guo SM, Wang YF, Zhao GN, Ji DM, Zhou LQ. The landscape of transcriptional profiles in human oocytes with different chromatin configurations. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:99. [PMID: 38730385 PMCID: PMC11088011 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With increasingly used assisted reproductive technology (ART), the acquisition of high-quality oocytes and early embryos has become the focus of much attention. Studies in mice have found that the transition of chromatin conformation from non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) to surrounded nucleolus (SN) is essential for oocyte maturation and early embryo development, and similar chromatin transition also exists in human oocytes. In this study, we collected human NSN and SN oocytes and investigated their transcriptome. The analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that epigenetic functions, cyclin-dependent kinases and transposable elements may play important roles in chromatin transition during human oocyte maturation. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of NSN-to-SN transition of human oocyte and obtained new clues for improvement of oocyte in vitro maturation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shi-Meng Guo
- Institute of Reproductive Health/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Fan Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang-Nian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dong-Mei Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
| | - Li-Quan Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive Health/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
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2
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Baumann C, Zhang X, Kandasamy MK, Mei X, Chen S, Tehrani KF, Mortensen LJ, Watford W, Lall A, De La Fuente R. Acute irradiation induces a senescence-like chromatin structure in mammalian oocytes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1258. [PMID: 38086992 PMCID: PMC10716162 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms leading to changes in mesoscale chromatin organization during cellular aging are unknown. Here, we used transcriptional activator-like effectors, RNA-seq and superresolution analysis to determine the effects of genotoxic stress on oocyte chromatin structure. Major satellites are organized into tightly packed globular structures that coalesce into chromocenters and dynamically associate with the nucleolus. Acute irradiation significantly enhanced chromocenter mobility in transcriptionally inactive oocytes. In transcriptionally active oocytes, irradiation induced a striking unfolding of satellite chromatin fibers and enhanced the expression of transcripts required for protection from oxidative stress (Fermt1, Smg1), recovery from DNA damage (Tlk2, Rad54l) and regulation of heterochromatin assembly (Zfp296, Ski-oncogene). Non-irradiated, senescent oocytes exhibit not only high chromocenter mobility and satellite distension but also a high frequency of extra chromosomal satellite DNA. Notably, analysis of biological aging using an oocyte-specific RNA clock revealed cellular communication, posttranslational protein modifications, chromatin and histone dynamics as the top cellular processes that are dysregulated in both senescent and irradiated oocytes. Our results indicate that unfolding of heterochromatin fibers following acute genotoxic stress or cellular aging induced the formation of distended satellites and that abnormal chromatin structure together with increased chromocenter mobility leads to chromosome instability in senescent oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Baumann
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Xiaohan Mei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shiyou Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kayvan F Tehrani
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Wendy Watford
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ashley Lall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rabindranath De La Fuente
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Regenerative Biosciences Center (RBC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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3
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Yu L, Kong N, Lin Y, Qiu P, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Zhen X, Yan G, Sun H, Mei J, Cao G. NUSAP1 regulates mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1931-1947. [PMID: 37992207 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The correct assembly of the spindle apparatus directly regulates the precise separation of chromosomes in mouse oocytes, which is crucial for obtaining high-quality oocytes capable of successful fertilization. The localization, assembly, migration, and disassembly of the spindle are regulated by a series of spindle-associated proteins, which exhibit unique expression level variations and specific localization in oocytes. Proteomic analysis revealed that among many representative spindle-associated proteins, the expression level of nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) significantly increased after meiotic resumption, with a magnitude of change higher than that of other proteins. However, the role of NUSAP1 during oocyte meiosis maturation has not been reported. Here, we report that NUSAP1 is distributed within the cell nucleus during the germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes with non-surrounded nucleolus stage and is not enriched in the nucleus during the GV-surrounded nucleolus stage. Interestingly, NUSAP1 forms distinct granular aggregates near the spindle poles during the prophase of the first meiotic division (Pro-MI), metaphase I, and anaphase I/telophase I stages. Nusap1 depletion leads to chromosome misalignment, increased aneuploidy, and abnormal spindle assembly, particularly a decrease in spindle pole width. Correspondingly, RNA-seq analysis revealed significant suppression of the "establishment of spindle orientation" signaling pathway. Additionally, the attenuation of F-actin in NUSAP1-deficient oocytes may affect the asymmetric division process. Gene ontology analysis of NUSAP1 interactomes, identified through mass spectrometry here, revealed significant enrichment for RNA binding. As an RNA-binding protein, NUSAP1 is likely involved in the regulation of messenger RNA homeostasis by influencing the dynamics of processing (P)-body components. Overall, our results demonstrate the critical importance of precise regulation of NUSAP1 expression levels and protein localization for maintaining mouse oocyte meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Panpan Qiu
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhen
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangyi Cao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Veiga M, Camia B, Diepenbrock S, Redi C, Casasco A, Monti M. Artificial intelligence selection of viable oocytes from phase contrast images for in vitro maturation and fertilization†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:386-389. [PMID: 37498169 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Veiga
- Evident Technology Center Europe GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Beatrice Camia
- Department of Public Health, Forensic and Experimental Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Casasco
- Department of Public Health, Forensic and Experimental Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Monti
- Department of Public Health, Forensic and Experimental Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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5
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Briley SM, Ahmed AA, Steenwinkel TE, Jiang P, Hartig SM, Schindler K, Pangas SA. Global SUMOylation in mouse oocytes maintains oocyte identity and regulates chromatin remodeling and transcriptional silencing at the end of folliculogenesis. Development 2023; 150:dev201535. [PMID: 37676777 PMCID: PMC10499029 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Meiotically competent oocytes in mammals undergo cyclic development during folliculogenesis. Oocytes within ovarian follicles are transcriptionally active, producing and storing transcripts required for oocyte growth, somatic cell communication and early embryogenesis. Transcription ceases as oocytes transition from growth to maturation and does not resume until zygotic genome activation. Although SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays multifaceted roles in transcriptional regulation, its involvement during oocyte development remains poorly understood. In this study, we generated an oocyte-specific knockout of Ube2i, encoding the SUMO E2 enzyme UBE2I, using Zp3-cre+ to determine how loss of oocyte SUMOylation during folliculogenesis affects oocyte development. Ube2i Zp3-cre+ female knockout mice were sterile, with oocyte defects in meiotic competence, spindle architecture and chromosome alignment, and a premature arrest in metaphase I. Additionally, fully grown Ube2i Zp3-cre+ oocytes exhibited sustained transcriptional activity but downregulated maternal effect genes and prematurely activated genes and retrotransposons typically associated with zygotic genome activation. These findings demonstrate that UBE2I is required for the acquisition of key hallmarks of oocyte development during folliculogenesis, and highlight UBE2I as a previously unreported orchestrator of transcriptional regulation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Briley
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Avery A. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tessa E. Steenwinkel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peixin Jiang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean M. Hartig
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen Schindler
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Pangas
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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6
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Salimov D, Lisovskaya T, Otsuki J, Gzgzyan A, Bogolyubova I, Bogolyubov D. Chromatin Morphology in Human Germinal Vesicle Oocytes and Their Competence to Mature in Stimulated Cycles. Cells 2023; 12:1976. [PMID: 37566055 PMCID: PMC10416848 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for simple morphological predictors of oocyte quality is an important task for assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs). One such predictor may be the morphology of the oocyte nucleus, called the germinal vesicle (GV), including the level of chromatin aggregation around the atypical nucleolus (ANu)-a peculiar nuclear organelle, formerly referred to as the nucleolus-like body. A prospective cohort study allowed distinguishing three classes of GV oocytes among 135 oocytes retrieved from 64 patients: with a non-surrounded ANu and rare chromatin blocks in the nucleoplasm (Class A), with a complete peri-ANu heterochromatic rim assembling all chromatin (Class C), and intermediate variants (Class B). Comparison of the chromatin state and the ability of oocytes to complete meiosis allowed us to conclude that Class B and C oocytes are more capable of resuming meiosis in vitro and completing the first meiotic division, while Class A oocytes can resume maturation but often stop their development either at metaphase I (MI arrest) or before the onset of GV breakdown (GVBD arrest). In addition, oocytes with a low chromatin condensation demonstrated a high level of aneuploidy during the resumption of meiosis. Considering that the degree of chromatin condensation/compaction can be determined in vivo under a light microscope, this characteristic of the GV can be considered a promising criterion for selecting the best-quality GV oocytes in IVM rescue programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Salimov
- Clinical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Yekaterinburg 620014, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Lisovskaya
- Clinical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Yekaterinburg 620014, Russia;
| | - Junko Otsuki
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Center, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Alexandre Gzgzyan
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology Named after D. O. Ott, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;
| | - Irina Bogolyubova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia;
- Department of Histology and Embryology Named after Prof. A.G. Knorre, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg 194100, Russia
| | - Dmitry Bogolyubov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia;
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7
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Bogolyubova I, Salimov D, Bogolyubov D. Chromatin Configuration in Diplotene Mouse and Human Oocytes during the Period of Transcriptional Activity Extinction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11517. [PMID: 37511273 PMCID: PMC10380668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the oocyte nucleus, called the germinal vesicle (GV) at the prolonged diplotene stage of the meiotic prophase, chromatin undergoes a global rearrangement, which is often accompanied by the cessation of its transcriptional activity. In many mammals, including mice and humans, chromatin condenses around a special nuclear organelle called the atypical nucleolus or formerly nucleolus-like body. Chromatin configuration is an important indicator of the quality of GV oocytes and largely predicts their ability to resume meiosis and successful embryonic development. In mice, GV oocytes are traditionally divided into the NSN (non-surrounded nucleolus) and SN (surrounded nucleolus) based on the specific chromatin configuration. The NSN-SN transition is a key event in mouse oogenesis and the main prerequisite for the normal development of the embryo. As for humans, there is no single nomenclature for the chromatin configuration at the GV stage. This often leads to discrepancies and misunderstandings, the overcoming of which should expand the scope of the application of mouse oocytes as a model for developing new methods for assessing and improving the quality of human oocytes. As a first approximation and with a certain proviso, the mouse NSN/SN classification can be used for the primary characterization of human GV oocytes. The task of this review is to analyze and discuss the existing classifications of chromatin configuration in mouse and human GV oocytes with an emphasis on transcriptional activity extinction at the end of oocyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bogolyubova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daniil Salimov
- Clinical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, 620014 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Bogolyubov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Ju J, Pan Z, Zhang K, Ji Y, Liu J, Sun S. Mcrs1 regulates G2/M transition and spindle assembly during mouse oocyte meiosis. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56273. [PMID: 36951681 PMCID: PMC10157313 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microspherule protein 1 (Mcrs1) is a component of the nonspecific lethal (NSL) complex and the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex, which participates in transcriptional regulation during mitosis. Here, we investigate the roles of Mcrs1 during female meiosis in mice. We demonstrate that Mcrs1 is a novel regulator of the meiotic G2/M transition and spindle assembly in mouse oocytes. Mcrs1 is present in the nucleus and associates with spindle poles and chromosomes of oocytes during meiosis I. Depletion of Mcrs1 alters HDAC2-mediated H4K16ac, H3K4me2, and H3K9me2 levels in nonsurrounded nucleolus (NSN)-type oocytes, and reduces CDK1 activity and cyclin B1 accumulation, leading to G2/M transition delay. Furthermore, Mcrs1 depletion results in abnormal spindle assembly due to reduced Aurora kinase (Aurka and Aurkc) and Kif2A activities, suggesting that Mcrs1 also plays a transcription-independent role in regulation of metaphase I oocytes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the transcription factor Mcrs1 has important roles in cell cycle regulation and spindle assembly in mouse oocyte meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Qian Ju
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen‐Nan Pan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kun‐Huan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi‐Ming Ji
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing‐Cai Liu
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shao‐Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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9
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Roles of Polycomb Complexes in the Reconstruction of 3D Genome Architecture during Preimplantation Embryonic Development. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122382. [PMID: 36553649 PMCID: PMC9778514 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The appropriate deployment of developmental programs depends on complex genetic information encoded by genomic DNA sequences and their positioning and contacts in the three-dimensional (3D) space within the nucleus. Current studies using novel techniques including, but not limited to, Hi-C, ChIA-PET, and Hi-ChIP reveal that regulatory elements (Res), such as enhancers and promoters, may participate in the precise regulation of expression of tissue-specific genes important for both embryogenesis and organogenesis by recruiting Polycomb Group (PcG) complexes. PcG complexes usually poise the transcription of developmental genes by forming Polycomb bodies to compact poised enhancers and promoters marked by H3K27me3 in the 3D space. Additionally, recent studies have also uncovered their roles in transcriptional activation. To better understand the full complexities in the mechanisms of how PcG complexes regulate transcription and long-range 3D contacts of enhancers and promoters during developmental programs, we outline novel insights regarding PcG-associated dramatic changes in the 3D chromatin conformation in developmental programs of early embryos and naïve-ground-state transitions of pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and highlight the distinct roles of unique and common subunits of canonical and non-canonical PcG complexes in shaping genome architectures and transcriptional programs.
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10
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Pors SE, Nikiforov D, Cadenas J, Ghezelayagh Z, Wakimoto Y, Jara LAZ, Cheng J, Dueholm M, Macklon KT, Flachs EM, Mamsen LS, Kristensen SG, Andersen CY. Oocyte diameter predicts the maturation rate of human immature oocytes collected ex vivo. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:2209-2214. [PMID: 36087150 PMCID: PMC9596637 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the impact of oocyte diameter and cumulus cell mass on the potential for final maturation of immature human oocytes in vitro. Methods Immature oocytes (n = 1563) from 75 women undergoing fertility preservation by ovarian tissue cryopreservation (14–41 years) were collected. After preparation of the ovarian cortex for freezing, immature oocytes were collected from the surplus medulla. After collection, IVM was performed according to standard published methods. The mass of cumulus cell surrounding the immature oocyte was grouped according to size. After IVM, each oocyte was photographed, measured, and the diameter was calculated as a mean of two perpendicular measurements. Results The diameter of the oocytes ranged from 60 to 171 µm with a mean of 115 µm (SD:12.1) and an interquartile range from 107 to 124 µm. The oocyte diameter was positively associated with a higher incidence of MII (p < 0.001). MII oocytes had a significantly larger mean diameter than MI, GV, and degenerated oocytes. The size of the cumulus cell mass was significantly associated with the MII stage (p < 0.001) and larger oocyte diameter (p < 0.001). The results further confirm that the diameter of the fully grown oocyte is reached relatively early in human follicular development and that the factors governing oocyte maturation in vitro are connected to the surrounding cell mass and the oocyte. Conclusion The diameter of the oocyte is a highly determining factor in the nuclear maturation of the human oocyte during in vitro maturation, and the size of the cumulus cell mass is closely positively associated with a larger diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Pors
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - D Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Cadenas
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Z Ghezelayagh
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Y Wakimoto
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - L A Z Jara
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Cheng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - M Dueholm
- The Fertility Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K T Macklon
- Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E M Flachs
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L S Mamsen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S G Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Yding Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Fluks M, Tamborski S, Szkulmowski M, Ajduk A. Optical coherence microscopy allows for quality assessment of immature mouse oocytes. Reproduction 2022; 164:83-95. [PMID: 35900349 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In brief Optical coherence microscopy is a label-free and non-invasive imaging technique capable of 3D subcellular structure visualization. Here we show that this method allows for quality assessment of immature mouse oocytes based on their chromatin conformation and can be a valuable addition to the toolkit used in assisted reproduction procedures. Abstract The success of assisted reproductive technologies, and particularly in vitro maturation, is tightly linked to the quality of oocytes. Therefore, there is a need for robust, reliable, and easy-to-assess biomarkers of oocyte developmental competence. Microscopy techniques visualizing oocyte intracellular structure could provide such biomarkers. However, fluorescence imaging methods, applied frequently in biology and allowing for detailed structural and dynamic studies of single cells, require fluorescent tags to visualize cellular architecture and may cause short- and long-term photo-damage. On the other hand, traditional light microscopy, although relatively non-invasive, does not provide detailed structural information. Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) is a promising alternative, as it does not require sample pre-processing or labelling and can provide 3D images of intracellular structures. Here we applied OCM to assess the chromatin conformation of immature mouse oocytes, a feature that corresponds with their transcriptional status and developmental competence and cannot be examined by traditional light microscopy. We showed that OCM distinguished oocytes with so-called non-surrounded nucleoli (NSN) and surrounded nucleoli (SN) chromatin conformation with very high sensitivity and specificity and that OCM scanning did not decrease the quality of oocytes. Finally, we cross-referenced OCM data with the oocyte ability to undergo normal nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and proven that indeed oocytes scored with OCM as NSN mature less effectively than oocytes scored as SN. Our results suggest that OCM may be a valuable addition to the imaging toolkit used in assisted reproduction procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fluks
- Department of Embryology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Tamborski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maciej Szkulmowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Ajduk
- Department of Embryology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Cytoplasmic forces functionally reorganize nuclear condensates in oocytes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5070. [PMID: 36038550 PMCID: PMC9424315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells remodel their cytoplasm with force-generating cytoskeletal motors. Their activity generates random forces that stir the cytoplasm, agitating and displacing membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus in somatic and germ cells. These forces are transmitted inside the nucleus, yet their consequences on liquid-like biomolecular condensates residing in the nucleus remain unexplored. Here, we probe experimentally and computationally diverse nuclear condensates, that include nuclear speckles, Cajal bodies, and nucleoli, during cytoplasmic remodeling of female germ cells named oocytes. We discover that growing mammalian oocytes deploy cytoplasmic forces to timely impose multiscale reorganization of nuclear condensates for the success of meiotic divisions. These cytoplasmic forces accelerate nuclear condensate collision-coalescence and molecular kinetics within condensates. Disrupting the forces decelerates nuclear condensate reorganization on both scales, which correlates with compromised condensate-associated mRNA processing and hindered oocyte divisions that drive female fertility. We establish that cytoplasmic forces can reorganize nuclear condensates in an evolutionary conserved fashion in insects. Our work implies that cells evolved a mechanism, based on cytoplasmic force tuning, to functionally regulate a broad range of nuclear condensates across scales. This finding opens new perspectives when studying condensate-associated pathologies like cancer, neurodegeneration and viral infections. Cytoskeletal activity generates mechanical forces known to agitate and displace membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm. In oocytes, Al Jord et al. discover that these cytoplasmic forces functionally remodel nuclear RNA-processing condensates across scales for developmental success.
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13
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Buratini J, Soares ACS, Barros RG, Dellaqua TT, Lodde V, Franciosi F, Dal Canto M, Renzini MM, Luciano AM. Physiological parameters related to oocyte nuclear differentiation for the improvement of IVM/IVF outcomes in women and cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:27-35. [PMID: 35231269 DOI: 10.1071/rd21278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) has been applied in numerous different contexts and strategies in humans and animals, but in both cases it represents a challenge still far from being overcome. Despite the large dataset produced over the last two decades on the mechanisms that govern antral follicular development and oocyte metabolism and differentiation, IVM outcomes are still unsatisfactory. This review specifically focuses on data concerning the potential consequences of using supraphysiological levels of FSH during IVM, as well as on the regulation of oocyte chromatin dynamics and its utility as a potential marker of oocyte developmental competence. Taken together, the data revisited herein indicate that a significant improvement in IVM efficacy may be provided by the integration of pre-OPU patient-specific protocols preparing the oocyte population for IVM and more physiological culture systems mimicking more precisely the follicular environment that would be experienced by the recovered oocytes until completion of metaphase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Buratini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre - Eugin Group, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy; and Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Garcia Barros
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Thaisy Tino Dellaqua
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Valentina Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Mignini Renzini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre - Eugin Group, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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14
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Kashir J, Ganesh D, Jones C, Coward K. OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Reprod Open 2022; 2022:hoac003. [PMID: 35261925 PMCID: PMC8894871 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oocyte activation deficiency (OAD) is attributed to the majority of cases underlying failure of ICSI cycles, the standard treatment for male factor infertility. Oocyte activation encompasses a series of concerted events, triggered by sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ), which elicits increases in free cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) in spatially and temporally specific oscillations. Defects in this specific pattern of Ca2+ release are directly attributable to most cases of OAD. Ca2+ release can be clinically mediated via assisted oocyte activation (AOA), a combination of mechanical, electrical and/or chemical stimuli which artificially promote an increase in the levels of intra-cytoplasmic Ca2+. However, concerns regarding safety and efficacy underlie potential risks that must be addressed before such methods can be safely widely used. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Recent advances in current AOA techniques warrant a review of the safety and efficacy of these practices, to determine the extent to which AOA may be implemented in the clinic. Importantly, the primary challenges to obtaining data on the safety and efficacy of AOA must be determined. Such questions require urgent attention before widespread clinical utilization of such protocols can be advocated. SEARCH METHODS A literature review was performed using databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, etc. using AOA, OAD, calcium ionophores, ICSI, PLCζ, oocyte activation, failed fertilization and fertilization failure as keywords. Relevant articles published until June 2019 were analysed and included in the review, with an emphasis on studies assessing large-scale efficacy and safety. OUTCOMES Contradictory studies on the safety and efficacy of AOA do not yet allow for the establishment of AOA as standard practice in the clinic. Heterogeneity in study methodology, inconsistent sample inclusion criteria, non-standardized outcome assessments, restricted sample size and animal model limitations render AOA strictly experimental. The main scientific concern impeding AOA utilization in the clinic is the non-physiological method of Ca2+ release mediated by most AOA agents, coupled with a lack of holistic understanding regarding the physiological mechanism(s) underlying Ca2+ release at oocyte activation. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The number of studies with clinical relevance using AOA remains significantly low. A much wider range of studies examining outcomes using multiple AOA agents are required. WIDER IMPLICATIONS In addition to addressing the five main challenges of studies assessing AOA safety and efficacy, more standardized, large-scale, multi-centre studies of AOA, as well as long-term follow-up studies of children born from AOA, would provide evidence for establishing AOA as a treatment for infertility. The delivery of an activating agent that can more accurately recapitulate physiological fertilization, such as recombinant PLCζ, is a promising prospect for the future of AOA. Further to PLCζ, many other avenues of physiological oocyte activation also require urgent investigation to assess other potential physiological avenues of AOA. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS D.G. was supported by Stanford University’s Bing Overseas Study Program. J.K. was supported by a Healthcare Research Fellowship Award (HF-14-16) made by Health and Care Research Wales (HCRW), alongside a National Science, Technology, and Innovation plan (NSTIP) project grant (15-MED4186-20) awarded by the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST). The authors have no competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Coward
- Correspondence address. Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OS3 9DU, UK. E-mail: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-4041
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15
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Buratini J, Dellaqua TT, Dal Canto M, La Marca A, Carone D, Mignini Renzini M, Webb R. The putative roles of FSH and AMH in the regulation of oocyte developmental competence: from fertility prognosis to mechanisms underlying age-related subfertility. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 28:232-254. [PMID: 34969065 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertility loss during female ageing is associated with increasing basal FSH and decreasing anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations, together with compromised oocyte quality, presumably due to increased oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage, as well as reduced metabolic and meiotic competences. Basal FSH and AMH circulatory concentrations have been broadly utilized as IVF success predictors, regardless of fluctuations in prognostic accuracy; basal FSH and AMH perform better in pre-advanced maternal age (AMA: >35 years) and AMA patients, respectively. The relationships between FSH and AMH intrafollicular levels and IVF outcomes suggest, nevertheless, that both hormones regulate oocyte competence, supporting the hypothesis that changes in FSH/AMH levels cause, at least in part, oocyte quality degradation during ageing. To understand the reasons behind the fluctuations in FSH and AMH prognostic accuracies and to clarify their participation in mechanisms determining oocyte competence and age-related subfertility, a deeper knowledge of the regulation of FSH and AMH intrafollicular signalling during the female reproductive lifespan, and of their effects on the cumulus-oocyte complex, is required. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE An extensive body of information on the regulation of FSH and AMH intrafollicular availability and signalling, as well as on the control of folliculogenesis and oocyte metabolism, has been accumulated. However, these datasets have been explored within the relatively narrow boundaries of their specific subjects. Given the aforementioned gaps in knowledge and their clinical relevance, herein we integrate clinical and basic data, within a wide biological perspective, aiming to shed light on (i) the reasons for the variability in the accuracy of serum FSH and AMH as fertility markers, and on (ii) the potential roles of these hormones in mechanisms regulating oocyte quality, particularly those associated with ageing. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database encompassing the period between 1960 and 2021 was searched. Principal search terms were FSH, FSH receptor, AMH, oocyte, maternal age, cumulus, transzonal projections (TZPs), actin, OS, redox, reactive oxygen species, mitochondria, DNA damage, DNA repair, aneuploidy, spindle, meiosis, gene expression, transcription, translation, oocyte secreted factors (OSFs), cAMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, natriuretic peptide C, growth differentiation factor 9, bone morphogenetic protein 15 and fibroblast growth factor. OUTCOMES Our analysis suggests that variations in the accuracy of fertility prognosis reflect a modest association between circulatory AMH levels and oocyte quality as well as increasing basal FSH inter-cycle variability with age. In addition, the basic and clinical data articulated herein support the hypothesis that increased intrafollicular FSH levels, as maternal age advances, may override the physiological protective influences of AMH and OSFs against excessive FSH signalling in cumulus cells. This would result in the disruption of oocyte homeostasis via reduced TZP-mediated transfer of cumulus-derived molecules essential for meiotic competence, gene expression, redox activity and DNA repair. WIDER IMPLICATIONS In-depth data analysis, encompassing a wide biological perspective has revealed potential causative mechanisms of age-related subfertility triggered by alterations in FSH/AMH signalling during the female reproductive life. Insights from new mechanistic models arising from this analysis should contribute to advancing our comprehension of oocyte biology in humans and serve as a valuable reference for novel AMA subfertility treatments aimed at improving oocyte quality through the modulation of AMH/FSH action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Buratini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre-Eugin Group, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy.,Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy.,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Thaisy Tino Dellaqua
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariabeatrice Dal Canto
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre-Eugin Group, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy.,Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio La Marca
- Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Mario Mignini Renzini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre-Eugin Group, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy.,Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Robert Webb
- Division of Animal Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
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16
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Mu H, Zhang T, Yang Y, Zhang D, Gao J, Li J, Yue L, Gao D, Shi B, Han Y, Zhong L, Chen X, Wang ZB, Lin Z, Tong MH, Sun QY, Yang YG, Han J. METTL3-mediated mRNA N 6-methyladenosine is required for oocyte and follicle development in mice. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:989. [PMID: 34689175 PMCID: PMC8542036 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proper follicle development is very important for the production of mature oocytes, which is essential for the maintenance of female fertility. This complex biological process requires precise gene regulation. The most abundant modification of mRNA, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), is involved in many RNA metabolism processes, including RNA splicing, translation, stability, and degradation. Here, we report that m6A plays essential roles during oocyte and follicle development. Oocyte-specific inactivation of the key m6A methyltransferase Mettl3 with Gdf9-Cre caused DNA damage accumulation in oocytes, defective follicle development, and abnormal ovulation. Mechanistically, combined RNA-seq and m6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) data from oocytes revealed, that we found METTL3 targets Itsn2 for m6A modification and then enhances its stability to influence the oocytes meiosis. Taken together, our findings highlight the crucial roles of mRNA m6A modification in follicle development and coordination of RNA stabilization during oocyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Mu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Danru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bingbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Han
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Xinze Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ming-Han Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Yun-Gui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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17
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Yao MH, Cheng WJ, Liu LW, Zheng H, Gu WY, Miao F, Zhang JF, Wang L, Su YP, Liu YL, Sui HS. Relationship between chromatin configuration and in vitro maturation ability in guinea pig oocytes. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:2410-2417. [PMID: 34409767 PMCID: PMC8604138 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Germinal vesicle (GV) chromatin configurations of oocytes are proposed to be related to oocyte competence and may reflect the quality of oocyte. Currently, a limited number of published studies investigated the GV chromatin configurations of guinea pig oocytes. Objective In this study on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of guinea pig oocytes, we examined the changes in their GV chromatin configurations during meiotic progression. Methods Based on the degree of chromatin compaction, the GV chromatin configurations of guinea pig oocytes could be divided into three categories depending on whether the nucleolus‐like body (NLB) was surrounded or partly surrounded by compacted chromatin, namely the uncondensed (NSN), the intermediate type (SN‐1) and the compacted type (SN‐2). Results The percentage of cells displaying the SN‐2 configuration increased with the growth of guinea pig oocytes, suggesting that this configuration presents the potential for maturation in oocytes. Oocytes derived from larger follicle exhibited increased meiotic potential. Serum starvation affected the GV chromatin configurations of guinea pig oocytes. Conclusions Collectively, these results suggest that the SN‐2 type might be a more mature form of configuration in guinea pig oocyte, whose proportion was associated with the follicle size and susceptible to the environment (e.g. serum concentration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hua Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wan-Jing Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Li-Wei Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wan-Ying Gu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Miao
- Department of Pathology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Ping Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Ling Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Shu Sui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
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18
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Darbandi S, Darbandi M, Agarwal A, Khorshid HRK, Sadeghi MR, Esteves SC, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Fathi Z, Zeraati H, Mehdi Akhondi M. Comparing four laboratory three-parent techniques to construct human aged non-surrounded nucleolus germinal vesicle oocytes: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:425-438. [PMID: 32754678 PMCID: PMC7340984 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i6.7284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The three-parent assisted reproductive technique may increase oocyte competence. Objective In this case-control study, the suitability of germinal vesicle transfer (GVT), synchronous ooplasmic transfer (sOT), asynchronous ooplasmic transfer using cryopreserved MII oocyte (caOT), and asynchronous ooplasmic transfer using waste MII oocyte (waOT) for maturation of the human-aged non-surrounded nucleolus germinal vesicle-stage (NSN-GV) oocyte were investigated. Materials and Methods NSN-GV oocytes were subjected to four methods: group A (GVT), B (sOT), C (caOT) D (waOT), and E (Control). The fusion rates, MI, MII, ICSI observations and cleavage at 2-cell, 4-cell, and 8-cell stages were compared in the groups. Results In GVT, none of the oocytes fused. In sOT, all oocytes fused, 20 achieved the MI, 14 progressed to MII, 8 fertilized, 6 cleaved and 5, 4, and 3 achieved the 2-cells, 4-cells and 8-cells, respectively. In caOT, all oocytes fused and achieved the MI, 8 progressed to MII and fertilized, 6 cleaved and 6, 5, and 5 achieved the 2-cells, 4-cells, and 8-cells respectively. In waOT, all oocytes fused, 5 and 3 progressed to MI and MII, respectively, but only one fertilized, cleaved and reached a 4-cells stage. In group E, 6 and 2 oocytes progressed to MI and MII, respectively, and only one fertilized but arrested at the zygote stage. caOT had the highest survival rate when compared to sOT (p = 0.04), waOT (p = 0.002), and control (p = 0.001). Conclusion The caOT method was beneficial over sOT, waOT, and GVT in supplementing the developmental capacity of human-aged NSN-GV oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Darbandi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Darbandi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- Androfert, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahsa University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahsa University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zohreh Fathi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Zeraati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Bogolyubova I, Bogolyubov D. Heterochromatin Morphodynamics in Late Oogenesis and Early Embryogenesis of Mammals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061497. [PMID: 32575486 PMCID: PMC7348780 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the period of oocyte growth, chromatin undergoes global rearrangements at both morphological and molecular levels. An intriguing feature of oogenesis in some mammalian species is the formation of a heterochromatin ring-shaped structure, called the karyosphere or surrounded "nucleolus", which is associated with the periphery of the nucleolus-like bodies (NLBs). Morphologically similar heterochromatin structures also form around the nucleolus-precursor bodies (NPBs) in zygotes and persist for several first cleavage divisions in blastomeres. Despite recent progress in our understanding the regulation of gene silencing/expression during early mammalian development, as well as the molecular mechanisms that underlie chromatin condensation and heterochromatin structure, the biological significance of the karyosphere and its counterparts in early embryos is still elusive. We pay attention to both the changes of heterochromatin morphology and to the molecular mechanisms that can affect the configuration and functional activity of chromatin. We briefly discuss how DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, alternative histone variants, and some chromatin-associated non-histone proteins may be involved in the formation of peculiar heterochromatin structures intimately associated with NLBs and NPBs, the unique nuclear bodies of oocytes and early embryos.
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20
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Peters AE, Mihalas BP, Bromfield EG, Roman SD, Nixon B, Sutherland JM. Autophagy in Female Fertility: A Role in Oxidative Stress and Aging. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:550-568. [PMID: 31892284 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The precipitous age-related decline in female fertility is intimately associated with a reduction in both the quantity and quality of the germline (oocytes). Although complex etiologies undoubtedly contribute to the deterioration of oocyte quality, increasing attention has focused on the pervasive impact of oxidative stress. Indeed, the prolonged lifespan of the meiotically arrested oocyte places this cell at heightened risk of oxidative lesions, which commonly manifest in dysregulation of protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Although oocytes are able to mitigate this threat via the mobilization of a sophisticated network of surveillance, repair, and proteolytic pathways, these defenses are themselves prone to age-related defects, reducing their capacity to eliminate oxidatively damaged proteins. Recent Advances: Here, we give consideration to the quality control mechanisms identified within the ovary that afford protection to the female germline. Our primary focus is to review recent advances in our understanding of the autophagy pathway and its contribution to promoting oocyte longevity and modulating pathophysiological responses to oxidative stress. In addition, we explore the therapeutic potential of emerging strategies to fortify autophagic activity. Critical Issues: The complex interplay of oxidative stress and autophagy has yet to be fully elucidated within the context of the aging oocyte and surrounding ovarian environment. Future Directions: Emerging evidence provides a strong impetus to resolve the causal link between autophagy and oxidative stress-driven pathologies in the aging oocyte. Such research may ultimately inform novel therapeutic strategies to combat the age-related loss of female fertility via fortification of intrinsic autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Peters
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Bettina P Mihalas
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shaun D Roman
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Drug Development, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy and Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
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21
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Du Z, Zheng H, Kawamura YK, Zhang K, Gassler J, Powell S, Xu Q, Lin Z, Xu K, Zhou Q, Ozonov EA, Véron N, Huang B, Li L, Yu G, Liu L, Au Yeung WK, Wang P, Chang L, Wang Q, He A, Sun Y, Na J, Sun Q, Sasaki H, Tachibana K, Peters AHFM, Xie W. Polycomb Group Proteins Regulate Chromatin Architecture in Mouse Oocytes and Early Embryos. Mol Cell 2020; 77:825-839.e7. [PMID: 31837995 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, chromatin organization undergoes drastic reorganization during oocyte development. However, the dynamics of three-dimensional chromatin structure in this process is poorly characterized. Using low-input Hi-C (genome-wide chromatin conformation capture), we found that a unique chromatin organization gradually appears during mouse oocyte growth. Oocytes at late stages show self-interacting, cohesin-independent compartmental domains marked by H3K27me3, therefore termed Polycomb-associating domains (PADs). PADs and inter-PAD (iPAD) regions form compartment-like structures with strong inter-domain interactions among nearby PADs. PADs disassemble upon meiotic resumption from diplotene arrest but briefly reappear on the maternal genome after fertilization. Upon maternal depletion of Eed, PADs are largely intact in oocytes, but their reestablishment after fertilization is compromised. By contrast, depletion of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) proteins attenuates PADs in oocytes, which is associated with substantial gene de-repression in PADs. These data reveal a critical role of Polycomb in regulating chromatin architecture during mammalian oocyte growth and early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Du
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yumiko K Kawamura
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Ke Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Johanna Gassler
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sean Powell
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Qianhua Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zili Lin
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Evgeniy A Ozonov
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Véron
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Bo Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lijia Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wan Kin Au Yeung
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Peizhe Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiujun Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aibin He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Na
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hiroyuki Sasaki
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kikuë Tachibana
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria; Department of Totipotency, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Antoine H F M Peters
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel 4058, Switzerland; Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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22
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Kresoja-Rakic J, Santoro R. Nucleolus and rRNA Gene Chromatin in Early Embryo Development. Trends Genet 2019; 35:868-879. [PMID: 31327501 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nucleolus is the largest substructure in the nucleus and forms around the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), which comprise hundreds of rRNA genes. Recent evidence highlights further functions of the nucleolus that go beyond ribosome biogenesis. Data indicate that the nucleolus acts as a compartment for the location and regulation of repressive genomic domains and, together with the nuclear lamina, represents the hub for the organization of the inactive heterochromatin. In this review, we discuss recent findings that have revealed how nucleolar structure and rRNA gene chromatin states are regulated during early mammalian development and their contribution to the higher-order spatial organization of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kresoja-Rakic
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Santoro
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Zheng H, Xie W. The role of 3D genome organization in development and cell differentiation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:535-550. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Western PS. Epigenomic drugs and the germline: Collateral damage in the home of heritability? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 468:121-133. [PMID: 29471014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The testis and ovary provide specialised environments that nurture germ cells and facilitate their maturation, culminating in the production of mature gametes that can found the following generation. The sperm and egg not only transmit genetic information, but also epigenetic modifications that affect the development and physiology of offspring. Importantly, the epigenetic information contained in mature sperm and oocytes can be influenced by a range of environmental factors, such as diet, chemicals and drugs. An increasing range of studies are revealing how gene-environment interactions are mediated through the germline. Outside the germline, altered epigenetic state is common in a range of diseases, including many cancers. As epigenetic modifications are reversible, pharmaceuticals that directly target epigenetic modifying proteins have been developed and are delivering substantial benefits to patients, particularly in oncology. While providing the most effective patient treatment is clearly the primary concern, some patients will want to conceive children after treatment. However, the impacts of epigenomic drugs on the male and female gametes are poorly understood and whether these drugs will have lasting effects on patients' germline epigenome and subsequent offspring remains largely undetermined. Currently, evidence based clinical guidelines for use of epigenomic drugs in patients of reproductive age are limited in this context. Developing a deeper understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms regulating the germline epigenome and its impact on inherited traits and disease susceptibility is required to determine how specific epigenomic drugs might affect the germline and inheritance. Understanding these potential effects will facilitate the development of informed clinical guidelines appropriate for the use of epigenomic drugs in patients of reproductive age, ultimately improving the safety of these therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Western
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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25
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Bogolyubov DS. Karyosphere (Karyosome): A Peculiar Structure of the Oocyte Nucleus. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 337:1-48. [PMID: 29551157 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The karyosphere, aka the karyosome, is a meiosis-specific structure that represents a "knot" of condensed chromosomes joined together in a limited volume of the oocyte nucleus. The karyosphere is an evolutionarily conserved but morphologically rather "multifaceted" structure. It forms at the diplotene stage of meiotic prophase in many animals, from hydra and Drosophila to human. Karyosphere formation is generally linked with transcriptional silencing of the genome. It is believed that karyosphere/karyosome is a prerequisite for proper completion of meiotic divisions and further development. Here, a brief review on the karyosphere features in some invertebrates and vertebrates is provided. Special emphasis is made on terminology, since current discrepancies in this field may lead to confusions. In particular, it is proposed to distinguish the karyosphere with a capsule and the karyosome (a karyosphere devoid of a capsule). The "inverted" karyospheres are also considered, in which the chromosomes situate externally to an extrachromosomal structure (e.g., in human oocytes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S Bogolyubov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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26
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Xu Q, Xie W. Epigenome in Early Mammalian Development: Inheritance, Reprogramming and Establishment. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 28:237-253. [PMID: 29217127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Drastic epigenetic reprogramming takes place during preimplantation development, leading to the conversion of terminally differentiated gametes to a totipotent embryo. Deficiencies in remodeling of the epigenomes can cause severe developmental defects, including embryonic lethality. However, how chromatin modifications and chromatin organization are reprogrammed upon fertilization in mammals has long remained elusive. Here, we review recent progress in understanding how the epigenome is dynamically regulated during early mammalian development. The latest studies, including many from genome-wide perspectives, have revealed unusual principles of reprogramming for histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin architecture. These advances have shed light on the regulatory network controlling the earliest development and maternal-zygotic transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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27
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Luciano AM, Sirard MA. Successful in vitro maturation of oocytes: a matter of follicular differentiation. Biol Reprod 2017; 98:162-169. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maria Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Sciences and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de Recherche en reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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28
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Chen F, Lin J, Sun X, Xiao B, Ning SF, Zhu S, Wang HL, Tan JH. Mechanisms by which in vitro meiotic arrest and sexual maturity improve developmental potential of mouse oocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15763. [PMID: 29150675 PMCID: PMC5693946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the relationship between chromatin condensation, gene transcription and developmental competence during oocyte maturation and to explore the mechanisms by which meiotic arrest maintenance (MAM) and sexual maturity improve oocyte competence, we examined effects of MAM with roscovitine or db-cAMP on chromatin condensation, gene transcription and developmental potential of NSN or SN oocytes from prepubertal or adult mice. MAM with roscovitine improved the developmental competence and global gene transcription of prepubertal NSN (prep-NSN) and adult-SN oocytes while having no effect on those of prep-SN oocytes. MAM with db-cAMP facilitated neither development nor transcription in any type of oocytes. MAM with either roscovitine or db-cAMP promoted chromatin condensation of prep-NSN oocytes. MAM with roscovitine promoted gene transcription and chromatin condensation simultaneously through inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 5 and 2, respectively. The results suggested that MAM with roscovitine improved oocyte competence by promoting gene transcription via inhibiting CDK5. Oocyte cytoplasmic maturation is correlated with gene transcription but not with chromatin condensation. The difference in developmental competence between prepubertal NSN and SN oocytes and between prepubertal and adult SN oocytes was because while the former had not, the latter had completed or acquired the ability for transcription of important genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Xue Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fen Ning
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China. .,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P. R. China.
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29
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Zhang M, Zhang CX, Pan LZ, Gong S, Cui W, Yuan HJ, Zhang WL, Tan JH. Meiotic arrest with roscovitine and follicular fluid improves cytoplasmic maturation of porcine oocytes by promoting chromatin de-condensation and gene transcription. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11574. [PMID: 28912491 PMCID: PMC5599650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The developmental capacity of in vitro matured oocytes is inferior to that of the in vivo matured ones due to insufficient cytoplasmic maturation. Although great efforts were made to accomplish better cytoplasmic maturation by meiotic arrest maintenance (MAM) before in vitro maturation (IVM), limited progress has been achieved in various species. This study showed that MAM of porcine oocytes was better achieved with roscovitine than with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (db-cAMP) or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Oocyte developmental competence after IVM was significantly improved following MAM in 199 + FF medium (TCM-199 containing 10% porcine follicular fluid and 25 µM roscovitine) to a level even higher than that in control oocytes matured without pre-MAM. Observations on other markers further confirmed the positive effects of MAM in 199 + FF on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation. During MAM culture in 199 + FF, re-decondensation (RDC) of condensed chromatin occurred, and transcription of genes beneficial to cytoplasmic maturation was evident in some of the oocytes with surrounded nucleoli (SN). However, MAM with db-cAMP neither induced RDC nor improved oocyte developmental potential. Together, the results suggest that MAM in the presence of FF and roscovitine improved the developmental competence of porcine oocytes by promoting a pre-GVBD chromatin de-condensation and expression of beneficial genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Zhu Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Gong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jie Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ling Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, 271018, P.R. China.
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30
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Flyamer IM, Gassler J, Imakaev M, Brandão HB, Ulianov SV, Abdennur N, Razin SV, Mirny LA, Tachibana-Konwalski K. Single-nucleus Hi-C reveals unique chromatin reorganization at oocyte-to-zygote transition. Nature 2017; 544:110-114. [PMID: 28355183 PMCID: PMC5639698 DOI: 10.1038/nature21711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin is reprogrammed after fertilization to produce a totipotent zygote with the potential to generate a new organism. The maternal genome inherited from the oocyte and the paternal genome provided by sperm coexist as separate haploid nuclei in the zygote. How these two epigenetically distinct genomes are spatially organized is poorly understood. Existing chromosome conformation capture-based methods are not applicable to oocytes and zygotes owing to a paucity of material. To study three-dimensional chromatin organization in rare cell types, we developed a single-nucleus Hi-C (high-resolution chromosome conformation capture) protocol that provides greater than tenfold more contacts per cell than the previous method. Here we show that chromatin architecture is uniquely reorganized during the oocyte-to-zygote transition in mice and is distinct in paternal and maternal nuclei within single-cell zygotes. Features of genomic organization including compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs) and loops are present in individual oocytes when averaged over the genome, but the presence of each feature at a locus varies between cells. At the sub-megabase level, we observed stochastic clusters of contacts that can occur across TAD boundaries but average into TADs. Notably, we found that TADs and loops, but not compartments, are present in zygotic maternal chromatin, suggesting that these are generated by different mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that the global chromatin organization of zygote nuclei is fundamentally different from that of other interphase cells. An understanding of this zygotic chromatin 'ground state' could potentially provide insights into reprogramming cells to a state of totipotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya M. Flyamer
- IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Present address: MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Gassler
- IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Maxim Imakaev
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hugo B. Brandão
- Harvard Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sergey V. Ulianov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nezar Abdennur
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sergey V. Razin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid A. Mirny
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kikuë Tachibana-Konwalski
- IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
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31
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Monti M, Calligaro A, Behr B, Pera RR, Redi CA, Wossidlo M. Functional topography of the fully grown human oocyte. Eur J Histochem 2017; 61:2769. [PMID: 28348419 PMCID: PMC5304266 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2017.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo maturation (IVM) of human oocytes is a technique used to increase the number of usable oocytes for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and represents a necessity for women with different ovarian pathologies. During IVM the oocytes progress from the germinal vesicle stage (GV) through the metaphase II and during this journey both nuclear and cytoplasmic rearrangements must be obtained to increase the probability to get viable and healthy zygotes/embryos after IVF. As the successful clinical outcomes of this technique are a reality, we wanted to investigate the causes behind oocytes maturation arrest. For obvious ethical reasons, we were able to analyze only few human immature oocytes discarded and donated to research by transmission electron microscopy showing that, as in the mouse, they have different chromatin and cytoplasmic organizations both essential for further embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Monti
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, San Matteo Foundation for Health, Hospitalization and Care, Pavia, Italy,Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy. +39.0382.501021.
| | - Alberto Calligaro
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Histology and Embryology Unit, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Barry Behr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renee Rejo Pera
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Carlo Alberto Redi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Mark Wossidlo
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Ishiguro KI, Monti M, Akiyama T, Kimura H, Chikazawa-Nohtomi N, Sakota M, Sato S, Redi CA, Ko SBH, Ko MSH. Zscan4 is expressed specifically during late meiotic prophase in both spermatogenesis and oogenesis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 53:167-178. [PMID: 27699653 PMCID: PMC5311088 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mouse zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 4 (Zscan4) proteins, which are encoded by multiple copies of Zscan4 genes, are expressed specifically in preimplantation embryos in vivo and embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro. However, the expression patterns of mouse Zscan4 in vivo have been largely elusive. Here, we show that Zscan4 proteins are expressed in adult ovaries and testes. In ovaries, Zscan4 proteins were detected in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes in antral follicles, indicating that Zscan4 genes are activated during the diplotene/dictyate stage in meiotic prophase I. Remarkably, Zscan4 showed different spatial localization patterns between two distinct GV oocytes, which can be distinguished by global chromatin organization—surrounded nucleolus (SN) and non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN). These spatiotemporal differences in Zscan4 localizations correlated with the transition of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcriptional status during GV oocyte maturation. In testes, Zscan4 proteins were detected in spermatocytes at late pachytene/diplotene stages and in Sertoli cells. These results suggest that Zscan4 may play critical roles during late meiotic prophase in both males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-Ichiro Ishiguro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Manuela Monti
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tomohiko Akiyama
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kimura
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nana Chikazawa-Nohtomi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miki Sakota
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Saeko Sato
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Carlo Alberto Redi
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie L. Spallanzani, University of Pavia, via A. Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Shigeru B H Ko
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Minoru S H Ko
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Qi ST, Ma JY, Wang ZB, Guo L, Hou Y, Sun QY. N6-Methyladenosine Sequencing Highlights the Involvement of mRNA Methylation in Oocyte Meiotic Maturation and Embryo Development by Regulating Translation in Xenopus laevis. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23020-23026. [PMID: 27613873 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.748889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During the oogenesis of Xenopus laevis, oocytes accumulate maternal materials for early embryo development. As the transcription activity of the oocyte is silenced at the fully grown stage and the global genome is reactivated only by the mid-blastula embryo stage, the translation of maternal mRNAs accumulated during oocyte growth should be accurately regulated. Previous evidence has illustrated that the poly(A) tail length and RNA binding elements mediate RNA translation regulation in the oocyte. Recently, RNA methylation has been found to exist in various systems. In this study, we sequenced the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modified mRNAs in fully grown germinal vesicle-stage and metaphase II-stage oocytes. As a result, we identified 4207 mRNAs with m6A peaks in germinal vesicle-stage or metaphase II-stage oocytes. When we integrated the mRNA methylation data with transcriptome and proteome data, we found that the highly methylated mRNAs showed significantly lower protein levels than those of the hypomethylated mRNAs, although the RNA levels showed no significant difference. We also found that the hypomethylated mRNAs were mainly enriched in the cell cycle and translation pathways, whereas the highly methylated mRNAs were mainly associated with protein phosphorylation. Our results suggest that oocyte mRNA methylation can regulate cellular translation and cell division during oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Tao Qi
- From the State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and
| | - Jun-Yu Ma
- the College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and
| | - Lei Guo
- From the State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and
| | - Yi Hou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- From the State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and .,the College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Lee PC, Wildt DE, Comizzoli P. Nucleolar Translocation of Histone Deacetylase 2 Is Involved in Regulation of Transcriptional Silencing in the Cat Germinal Vesicle. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:33. [PMID: 26108793 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.129106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is a key transcriptional coregulator that is suspected to play a role during oogenesis. It is known that RNA transcription in the cat germinal vesicle (GV) stops during folliculogenesis at the late antral follicle stage and is unrelated to histone deacetylation or chromatin condensation. The objective of the present study was to determine if and how HDAC2 participates in transcription regulation in the cat GV. Spatiotemporal HDAC2 protein expression was examined by immunostaining oocytes from primary to large antral follicles. HDAC2 was detected in the majority of GVs within oocytes from early, small, and large antral follicles. At early and small antral stages, HDAC2 was found primarily in the GV's nucleoplasm. There then was a significant shift in HDAC2 localization into the nucleolus, mostly in oocytes from large antral follicles. Assessments revealed that transcription was active in oocytes that contained nucleoplasm-localized HDAC2, whereas nucleolar-bound HDAC2 was associated with loss of both global transcription and ribosomal RNA presence at all antral stages. When oocytes were exposed to the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid, results indicated that HDAC regulated transcriptional activity in the nucleoplasm, but not in the nucleolus. Collective results suggest that nucleolar translocation of HDAC2 is associated with transcriptional silencing in the GV, thereby likely contributing to an oocyte's acquisition of competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chih Lee
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, and Front Royal, Virginia
| | - David E Wildt
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, and Front Royal, Virginia
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, and Front Royal, Virginia
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Sanchez F, Romero S, De Vos M, Verheyen G, Smitz J. Human cumulus-enclosed germinal vesicle oocytes from early antral follicles reveal heterogeneous cellular and molecular features associated with in vitro maturation capacity. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:1396-409. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Palmerini MG, Antinori M, Maione M, Cerusico F, Versaci C, Nottola SA, Macchiarelli G, Khalili MA, Antinori S. Ultrastructure of immature and mature human oocytes after cryotop vitrification. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:411-20. [PMID: 25168087 PMCID: PMC4284314 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation of vitrified immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes is a promising fertility preservation option. We analyzed the ultrastructure of human GV oocytes after Cryotop vitrification (GVv) and compared it with fresh GV (GVc), fresh mature metaphase II (MIIc) and Cryotop-vitrified mature (MIIv) oocytes. By phase contrast microscopy and light microscopy, the oolemmal and cytoplasmic organization of fresh and vitrified oocytes did not show significant changes. GVv oocytes showed significant ultrastructural alterations of the microvilli in 40% of the samples; small vacuoles and occasional large/isolated vacuoles were abnormally present in the ooplasm periphery of 50% of samples. The ultrastructure of nuclei and mitochondria-vesicle (MV) complexes, as well as the distribution and characteristics of cortical granules (CGs), were comparable with those of GVc oocytes. MIIv oocytes showed an abnormal ultrastructure of microvilli in 30% of the
samples and isolated large vacuoles in 70% of the samples. MV complexes were normal, but mitochondria-smooth endoplasmic reticulum aggregates appeared to be of reduced size. CGs were normally located under the oolemma but presented abnormalities in distribution and matrix electron density. In conclusion, Cryotop vitrification preserved main oocyte characteristics in the GV and MII stages, even if peculiar ultrastructural alterations appeared in both stages. This study also showed that the GV stage appears more suitable for vitrification than the MII stage, as indicated by the good ultrastructural preservation of important structures that are present only in immature oocytes, like the nucleus and migrating CGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Kong BY, Duncan FE, Que EL, Kim AM, O'Halloran TV, Woodruff TK. Maternally-derived zinc transporters ZIP6 and ZIP10 drive the mammalian oocyte-to-egg transition. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:1077-89. [PMID: 25143461 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid cellular zinc influx regulates early mammalian development during the oocyte-to-egg transition through modulation of the meiotic cell cycle. Despite the physiological necessity of this zinc influx, the molecular mechanisms that govern such accumulation are unknown. Here we show that the fully grown mammalian oocyte does not employ a transcriptionally based mechanism of zinc regulation involving metal response element-binding transcription factor-1 (MTF-1), as demonstrated by a lack of MTF-1 responsiveness to environmental zinc manipulation. Instead, the mammalian oocyte controls zinc uptake through two maternally derived and cortically distributed zinc transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10. Targeted disruption of these transporters using several approaches during meiotic maturation perturbs the intracellular zinc quota and results in a cell cycle arrest at a telophase I-like state. This arrest phenocopies established models of zinc insufficiency during the oocyte-to-egg transition, indicating the essential function of these maternally expressed transporters. Labile zinc localizes to punctate cytoplasmic structures in the human oocyte, and ZIP6 and ZIP10 are enriched in the cortex. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of metal regulation required for female gamete development that may be evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 3-2303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - F E Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 3-2303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - E L Que
- The Chemistry of Life Processes Institute and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - A M Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 3-2303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - T V O'Halloran
- The Chemistry of Life Processes Institute and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Drive, Hogan 2-100, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - T K Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 3-2303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Drive, Hogan 2-100, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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38
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Luciano AM, Franciosi F, Dieci C, Lodde V. Changes in large-scale chromatin structure and function during oogenesis: a journey in company with follicular cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 149:3-10. [PMID: 25028181 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian oocyte nucleus or germinal vesicle (GV) exhibits characteristic chromatin configurations, which are subject to dynamic modifications through oogenesis. Aim of this review is to highlight how changes in chromatin configurations are related to both functional and structural modifications occurring in the oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. During the long phase of meiotic arrest at the diplotene stage, the chromatin enclosed within the GV is subjected to several levels of regulation. Morphologically, the chromosomes lose their individuality and form a loose chromatin mass. The decondensed configuration of chromatin then undergoes profound rearrangements during the final stages of oocyte growth that are tightly associated with the acquisition of meiotic and developmental competence. Functionally, the discrete stages of chromatin condensation are characterized by different level of transcriptional activity, DNA methylation and covalent histone modifications. Interestingly, the program of chromatin rearrangement is not completely intrinsic to the oocyte, but follicular cells exert their regulatory actions through gap junction mediated communications and intracellular messenger dependent mechanism(s). With this in mind and since oocyte growth mostly relies on the bidirectional interaction with the follicular cells, a connection between cumulus cells gene expression profile and oocyte developmental competence, according to chromatin configuration is proposed. This analysis can help in identifying candidate genes involved in the process of oocyte developmental competence acquisition and in providing non-invasive biomarkers of oocyte health status that can have important implications in treating human infertility as well as managing breeding schemes in domestic mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, ReDBiolab, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, ReDBiolab, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Dieci
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, ReDBiolab, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, ReDBiolab, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Tian X, Diaz FJ. Acute dietary zinc deficiency before conception compromises oocyte epigenetic programming and disrupts embryonic development. Dev Biol 2013; 376:51-61. [PMID: 23348678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings show that zinc is an important factor necessary for regulating the meiotic cell cycle and ovulation. However, the role of zinc in promoting oocyte quality and developmental potential is not known. Using an in vivo model of acute dietary zinc deficiency, we show that feeding a zinc deficient diet (ZDD) for 3-5 days before ovulation (preconception) dramatically disrupts oocyte chromatin methylation and preimplantation development. There was a dramatic decrease in histone H3K4 trimethylation and global DNA methylation in zinc deficient oocytes. Moreover, there was a 3-20 fold increase in transcript abundance of repetitive elements (Iap, Line1, Sineb1, Sineb2), but a decrease in Gdf9, Zp3 and Figla mRNA. Only 53% and 8% of mature eggs reached the 2-cell stage after IVF in animals receiving a 3 and 5 days ZDD, respectively, while a 5 day ZDD in vivo reduced the proportion of 2-cells to 49%. In vivo fertilized 2-cell embryos cultured in vitro formed fewer (38%) blastocysts compared to control embryos (74%). Likewise, fewer blastocyst and expanded blastocyst were collected from the reproductive tract of zinc deficient animals on day 3.5 of pregnancy. This could be due to a decrease in Igf2 and H19 mRNA in ZDD blastocyst. Supplementation with a methyl donor (SAM) during IVM restored histone H3K4me3 and doubled the IVF success rate from 17% to 43% in oocytes from zinc deficient animals. Thus, the terminal period of oocyte development is extremely sensitive to perturbation in dietary zinc availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Tian
- Center for Reproductive Biology and Health and Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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40
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Tian N, Zhang L, Zheng JH, Lv DY, Li Y, Ma WY. Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of chromosomes in the oocytes of aging mice during meiosis I in vitro. Theriogenology 2013; 79:249-56.e1-2. [PMID: 23174780 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of senescence is very complicated and can involve formation of chromosome abnormalities and a decline in female fertility. In this study, 3-D visualization of fluorescently labeled chromosomes in oocytes from aging and pubertal mice during in vitro maturation was done with a two-photon laser scanning microscope. Differences between aging and pubertal groups at various maturation stages were analyzed quantitatively in terms of chromosomal morphology, shape, and spatial arrangement. Compared with the pubertal group, the chromosomal morphology of oocytes from aging mice changed: both the mean volume and the mean surface area of chromosomes increased by approximately 20% (P < 0.05) at prometaphase and metaphase of meiosis I (considered to be the weakly condensed folded form of the chromosomes). Furthermore, at these stages, the shape of the chromosomal array became rounder (roundness factor increased by approximately 10%; P < 0.001) and the adhesion among chromosomes became more severe (P < 0.001) at approximately the same stages. Additionally, trends over time for both chromosomal morphology and shape were quite distinct between oocytes from aging and pubertal mice. Interestingly, trends for mean distance were similar; therefore, aging did not seem to influence chromosome movement toward the metaphase plate. These morphologic results should be useful to study age-related degradation of oocyte quality and to interpret results derived from molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tian
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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41
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Reynaud K, Chebrout M, Tanguy-Dezaux C, de la Villéon G, Chastant-Maillard S. Chromatin patterns of immature canine oocytes after in vitro maturation. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 6:70-3. [PMID: 23279469 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In canine species, in vitro maturation (IVM) rates of oocytes collected from anoestrous ovaries are low (<20%). Several IVM media have been tested without significant improvements. A critical step in the evaluation of culture conditions is the observation of the meiotic stage reached by the oocytes. The present study was designed to investigate the chromatin patterns of in vitro matured oocytes by visualizing Germinal Vesicle (GV) and Germinal Vesicle Breakdown (GVBD) structures at 72 h of IVM. Nuclear stages of 1678 oocytes were evaluated by confocal microscopy after IVM. 1204 oocytes were non-degenerated, and 94.4% were still immature and at GV stage. Five different patterns of chromatin configuration were observed. Higher percentages of oocytes with unmodified GV and with diffuse (58%; Type A) and filamentous chromatin (19%; Type B) were observed in comparison with those with modifications in the GV such as patched chromatin (12.5%; Type C), surrounded-nucleolus (3%; Type D) and in vivo type chromatin/fully grouped chromatin (2.5%; Type E). These results indicate that GVBD (absence of nucleolus, nucleus breakdown) is rarely observed in vitro. The percentage of type C-D-E GVs and MI (meiotic resumption) and of MII (completion of meiosis) can be used to evaluate meiotic resumption after IVM. Our results indicate that although a low number of in vitro matured oocytes exhibit the chromatin configurations observed in in vivo collected oocytes, chromatin changes in the GV can be induced during IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Reynaud
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France; ENVA, UMR 1198, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Duncan FE, Hornick JE, Lampson MA, Schultz RM, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Chromosome cohesion decreases in human eggs with advanced maternal age. Aging Cell 2012; 11:1121-4. [PMID: 22823533 PMCID: PMC3491123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2012.00866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy in human eggs increases with maternal age and can result in infertility, miscarriages, and birth defects. The molecular mechanisms leading to aneuploidy, however, are largely unknown especially in the human where eggs are exceedingly rare and precious. We obtained human eggs from subjects ranging from 16.4 to 49.7 years old following in vitro maturation of oocyte-cumulus complexes isolated directly from surgically removed ovarian tissue. A subset of these eggs was used to investigate how age-associated aneuploidy occurs in the human. The inter-kinetochore distance between sister chromatids increased significantly with maternal age, indicating weakened cohesion. Moreover, we observed unpaired sister chromatids from females of advanced age. We conclude that loss of cohesion with increasing maternal age likely contributes to the well-documented increased incidence of aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca E. Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Jessica E. Hornick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Michael A. Lampson
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Richard M. Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Institute of Bio-Nanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Teresa K. Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
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Oqani RK, Lee MG, Diao YF, Han RX, Jin DI. Halogenated nucleotide labeling of nascent RNAs reveals dynamic transcription in growing pig oocytes. Dev Dyn 2012; 242:16-22. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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O'Connor T, Wilmut I, Taylor J. Quantitative Evaluation of Reference Genes for Real-Time PCR DuringIn VitroMaturation of Ovine Oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:477-83. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T O'Connor
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; UK
| | - I Wilmut
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; UK
| | - J Taylor
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; UK
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Escrich L, Grau N, de los Santos MJ, Romero JL, Pellicer A, Escribá MJ. The dynamics of in vitro maturation of germinal vesicle oocytes. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:1147-51. [PMID: 22901848 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the dynamics of the nuclear maturation (NM) of in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes and to determine the most favorable duration of meiosis II (MII) arrest in relation to the normal activation response. DESIGN Experimental. SETTING University-affiliated infertility clinic. PATIENT(S) Donated immature germinal vesicle oocytes (GV). INTERVENTION(S) The GV underwent spontaneous IVM and the dynamics of NM studied by real-time monitoring. The IVM oocytes were parthenogenetically activated at different MII arrest points and their response assessed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Moment of GV breakdown; extrusion of the first polar body; duration of MI and MII arrest; activation rate (AR) and type. RESULT(S) Two GV populations-early (E-IVM, 18.4 ± 2.7 hours) and late (L-IVM, 26.3 ± 3.8 hours) maturing-were defined according to the time required for extrusion of the first polar body. Significantly more E-IVM than L-IVM exhibited a normal activation response (61.3% vs. 34.6%), but AR were similar (average, 88.6%) in both groups. Duration of the GV stage differed between the two groups, but MI arrest (14.0 ± 0.3 hours) was constant. The E-IVM arrested at MII for at least 4.3 hours displayed significantly lower AR and similar normal activation rates (61.3%) to E-IVM arrested for a shorter time (83.9% vs. 100%). The L-IVM displayed a similar AR (80.8%), but lower normal activation rates than E-IVM (34.6%), regardless of when activation took place. CONCLUSION(S) The success of IVM depends on the NM timing rather than on the length of MII arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Escrich
- Instituto Universitario IVI Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Luciano AM, Lodde V, Franciosi F, Tessaro I, Corbani D, Modina S. Large-scale chromatin morpho-functional changes during mammalian oocyte growth and differentiation. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e37. [PMID: 23027353 PMCID: PMC3493983 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oocyte development is characterized by impressive changes in chromatin structure and function within the germinal vesicle (GV). These changes are crucial to confer the oocyte with meiotic and developmental competencies. In cow, oocytes collected from early and middle antral follicles present four patterns of chromatin configuration, from GV0 to GV3, and its progressive condensation has been related to the achievement of developmental potential. During oogenesis, follicular cells are essential for the acquisition of meiotic and developmental competencies and communicate with the oocyte by paracrine and gap junction mediated mechanisms. We recently analyzed the role of gap junction communications (GJC) on chromatin remodeling process during the specific phase of folliculogenesis that coincides with the transcriptional silencing and sequential acquisition of meiotic and developmental capabilities. Our studies demonstrated that GJC between germinal and somatic compartments plays a fundamental role in the regulation of chromatin remodeling and transcription activities during the final oocyte differentiation, throughout cAMP dependent mechanism(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Chebrout M, Adenot PG, Reynaud K, Chastant-Maillard S. Reliability of Hoechst 33342 staining under wide-field microscopy for evaluation of the nuclear status of living dog oocytes. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2012; 18:483-492. [PMID: 22494438 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927611012773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to the marked cytoplasmic opacity of canine oocytes, the diagnosis of their nuclear status is difficult. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of Hoechst staining observed under epifluorescence wide-field microscopy [living oocyte observation (LivOO)] by comparison to a reference technique [DNA staining with ethidium homodimer-2 under confocal microscopy; fixed oocyte observation (FixOO)]. Four Hoechst 33342 concentrations (200 ng, 500 ng, 1 μg, 2 μg/mL) were tested and 1 μg/mL was the lowest one with the lowest proportion of oocytes in which DNA was missed. At this concentration, LivOO procedure did not affect the degeneration rate. On 379 oocytes observed individually with the two techniques successively, diagnosis of meiosis resumption by LivOO was exact in 87.3% of the cases, but the meiosis resumption rate was underestimated (23.5% versus 34.3% with FixOO; p < 0.001). Diagnosis for metaphase II was exact in 80% of the cases, but LivOO detected only 72.7% of the metaphase II oocytes present. Metaphase rates did not differ between LivOO and FixOO. This study contributes to a better interpretation of in vitro maturation results. The developmental potential of metaphase II canine oocytes sorted after Hoechst staining is to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Chebrout
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78350 Jouy en Josas, France
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Luciano AM, Franciosi F, Modina SC, Lodde V. Gap junction-mediated communications regulate chromatin remodeling during bovine oocyte growth and differentiation through cAMP-dependent mechanism(s). Biol Reprod 2011; 85:1252-9. [PMID: 21816847 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.092858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte development is characterized by impressive changes in chromatin structure and function in the germinal vesicle (GV) that are crucial in conferring to the oocyte meiotic and developmental competence. During oogenesis, oocyte and follicular cells communicate by paracrine and junctional mechanisms. In cow, cumulus-enclosed oocytes (CEOs) isolated from early antral follicles have uncondensed chromatin (GV0), functionally open gap junction (GJ)-mediated communications, and limited meiotic competence. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of GJ communications on the chromatin remodeling process during the specific phase of folliculogenesis that coincides with the transcriptional silencing and the sequential acquisition of meiotic and developmental capability. CEOs were cultured in a follicle-stimulating hormone-based culture system that sustained GJ coupling and promoted oocyte growth and transition from GV0 to higher stages of condensation. When GJ functionality was experimentally interrupted, chromatin rapidly condensed, and RNA synthesis suddenly ceased. These effects were prevented by the addition of cilostamide, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, indicating that the action of GJ-mediated communication on chromatin structure and function is mediated by cAMP. Prolonging GJ coupling during oocyte culture before in vitro maturation enhanced the ability of early antral oocytes to undergo meiosis and early embryonic development. Altogether, the evidence suggests that GJ-mediated communication between germinal and somatic compartments plays a fundamental role in the regulation of chromatin remodeling and transcription, which in turn are related to competence acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M Luciano
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Comizzoli P, Pukazhenthi BS, Wildt DE. The competence of germinal vesicle oocytes is unrelated to nuclear chromatin configuration and strictly depends on cytoplasmic quantity and quality in the cat model. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:2165-77. [PMID: 21665874 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromatin configuration of the germinal vesicle (GV) and quality of the cytoplasm are critical factors in achieving oocyte meiotic and developmental capacity during folliculogenesis. Besides gaining new insights into the timing and cellular mechanisms associated with the acquisition and regulation of GV oocyte competence, the domestic cat model was used to examine (i) the relation between GV chromatin configuration and oocyte functionality during folliculogenesis and (ii) the role of the cytoplasmic environment on the GV competence and stability. METHODS Structural and functional properties of GV oocytes were characterized after isolation from different follicle stages of non-stimulated cat ovaries. GV transfers, artificial chromatin compaction and oocyte vitrification were used to demonstrate the respective roles of GV and cytoplasm on the oocyte functionality. RESULTS GVs acquired the intrinsic capability to resume meiosis during the pre-antral follicle stage, whereas the capacity to support embryo development occurred while the antrum started to form. Chromatin configuration of the GV did not undergo extensive modification during the acquisition of competence or during the arrest of transcriptional activity at the large antral follicle stage. However, the quality and quantity of the cytoplasm regulated and enhanced GV functionality. This finding also held for GVs transferred from incompetent or subpar oocytes into the cytoplasm of good quality oocytes or when chromatin was artificially modified or vitrified. CONCLUSIONS The cat model provides a new insight into GV oocyte structure and function during folliculogenesis while challenging current concepts about oocyte quality criteria based on the GV morphology. This suggests alternative evaluative approaches for oocytes from other species too, including humans. Cat GVs also appear competent at an early follicle stage and are resilient to perturbations which designate this organelle as an attractive target for developing novel fertility preservation tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Comizzoli
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA.
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Fully-mature antral mouse oocytes are transcriptionally silent but their heterochromatin maintains a transcriptional permissive histone acetylation profile. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:1193-6. [PMID: 21468653 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The final stages of antral mouse oocytes maturation are characterised by the transition from transcriptionally active NSN to inactive SN oocytes. Here, we studied the profile of histone acetylation changes occurring during the NSN-to-SN transition. METHODS During the NSN-to-SN transition, oocytes were classified based on their chromatin organisation and the immunocytochemical profile of histones H2B, H3 and H4 acetylation was analysed. RESULTS We described four patterns of immunostaining common to the three acetylated histones, corresponding to stages of progressive localisation: From a diffused distribution in NSN oocytes to the association with constitutive heterochromatin and then to the nucleolar surface region in SN oocytes. CONCLUSIONS The maintenance of a favourable transcriptional epigenetic context, in the heterochromatin of transcriptionally silent SN oocytes, might be related to the early stages of development when transcripts from these heterochromatic regions are functional to preimplantation progression.
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