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Kanegi R, Hatoya S, Kimura K, Yodoe K, Nishimura T, Sugiura K, Kawate N, Inaba T. Generation, characterization, and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem-like cells in the domestic cat. J Reprod Dev 2023; 69:317-327. [PMID: 37880086 PMCID: PMC10721851 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from somatic cells and can differentiate into various cell types. Therefore, these cells are expected to be a powerful tool for modeling diseases and transplantation therapy. Generation of domestic cat iPS cells depending on leukemia inhibitory factor has been reported; however, this strategy may not be optimized. Considering that domestic cats are excellent models for studying spontaneous diseases, iPS cell generation is crucial. In this study, we aimed to derive iPS cells from cat embryonic fibroblasts retrovirally transfected with mouse Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc. After transfection, embryonic fibroblasts were reseeded onto inactivated SNL 76/7 and cultured in a medium supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor. Flat, compact, primary colonies resembling human iPS colonies were observed. Additionally, primary colonies were more frequently observed in the KnockOut Serum Replacement medium than in the fetal bovine serum (FBS) medium. However, enhanced maintenance and proliferation of iPS-like cells occurred in the FBS medium. These iPS-like cells expressed embryonic stem cell markers, had normal karyotypes, proliferated beyond 45 passages, and differentiated into all three germ layers in vitro. Notably, expression of exogenous Oct3/4, Klf4, and Sox2 was silenced in these cells. However, the iPS-like cells failed to form teratomas. In conclusion, this is the first study to establish and characterize cat iPS-like cells, which can differentiate into different cell types depending on the basic fibroblast growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Kanegi
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kimura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kyohei Yodoe
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nishimura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Kawate
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Toshio Inaba
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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Hajian M, Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani S, Jafarpour F, Tanhaei Vash N, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Pluripotency and embryonic lineage genes expression in the presence of small molecule inhibitors of FGF, TGFβ and GSK3 during pre-implantation development of goat embryos. Gene Expr Patterns 2023; 50:119334. [PMID: 37678700 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2023.119334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Generating stable livestock pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be used for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation, regenerative medicine and in vitro breeding schemes. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in characterizing pluripotency markers for livestock species. In this study, we investigated embryo development and gene expression of the core pluripotency triad (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2) and cell lineage commitment markers (REX1, CDX2, GATA4) in the presence of three small molecules and their combination [PD0325901 (FGF inhibitor), SB431542 (TGFβ inhibitor), and CHIR99021 (GSK3B inhibitor)] from day 2-7 post-insemination in goat. Significant reduction in rate of blastocyst formation was observed when SB was used along with PD or CHIR and their three combinations had more sever effect. SB and CHIR decreased the expression of SOX2 while increasing the GATA4 expression. PD decrease the relative expression of NANOG, OCT4 and GATA4, while increased the expression of REX1. Among the combination of two molecules, only SB + CHIR combination significantly decreased the expression of GATA4, while the combination of the three molecules significantly decreases the expression of NANOG, SOX2 and CDX2. According to these results, the inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway, by PD may lead to blocking the hypoblast formation as observed by reduction of GATA4. OCT4 and NANOG expressions did not show signs of maintenance pluripotency. GATA4, NANOG and OCT4 in the PD group were downregulated and REX1 as EPI-marker was upregulated thus REX1 may be considered as a marker of EPI/ICM in goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shiva Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nima Tanhaei Vash
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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Popova J, Bets V, Kozhevnikova E. Perspectives in Genome-Editing Techniques for Livestock. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2580. [PMID: 37627370 PMCID: PMC10452040 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome editing of farm animals has undeniable practical applications. It helps to improve production traits, enhances the economic value of livestock, and increases disease resistance. Gene-modified animals are also used for biomedical research and drug production and demonstrate the potential to be used as xenograft donors for humans. The recent discovery of site-specific nucleases that allow precision genome editing of a single-cell embryo (or embryonic stem cells) and the development of new embryological delivery manipulations have revolutionized the transgenesis field. These relatively new approaches have already proven to be efficient and reliable for genome engineering and have wide potential for use in agriculture. A number of advanced methodologies have been tested in laboratory models and might be considered for application in livestock animals. At the same time, these methods must meet the requirements of safety, efficiency and availability of their application for a wide range of farm animals. This review aims at covering a brief history of livestock animal genome engineering and outlines possible future directions to design optimal and cost-effective tools for transgenesis in farm species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Popova
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia; (J.P.); (V.B.)
| | - Victoria Bets
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia; (J.P.); (V.B.)
- Center of Technological Excellence, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kozhevnikova
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia; (J.P.); (V.B.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Cognitive and Emotional Disorders, Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Weeratunga P, Harman RM, Van de Walle GR. Induced pluripotent stem cells from domesticated ruminants and their potential for enhancing livestock production. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1129287. [PMID: 36891466 PMCID: PMC9986305 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1129287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminant livestock, including cattle, sheep, goat, and buffalo, are essential for global food security and serve valuable roles in sustainable agricultural systems. With the limited availability of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from these species, ruminant induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-like cells provide a valuable research tool for agricultural, veterinary, biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications, as well as for the prospect of translation to human medicine. iPSCs are generated by reprogramming of adult or fetal cells to an ESC-like state by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors. Despite the slow pace the field has evolved in livestock species compared to mice and humans, significant progress has been made over the past 15 years in using different cell sources and reprogramming protocols to generate iPSCs/iPSC-like cells from ruminants. This mini review summarizes the current literature related to the derivation of iPSCs/iPSC-like cells from domesticated ruminants with a focus on reprogramming protocols, characterization, associated limitations, and potential applications in ruminant basic science research and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Weeratunga
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca M Harman
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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5
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Zhang J, Zhi M, Gao D, Zhu Q, Gao J, Zhu G, Cao S, Han J. Research progress and application prospects of stable porcine pluripotent stem cells. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:226-236. [PMID: 35678320 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) harbor the capacity of unlimited self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential which are crucial for basic research and biomedical science. Establishment of PSCs with defined features were previously reported from mice and humans, while generation of stable large animal PSCs has experienced a relatively long trial stage and only recently has made breakthroughs. Pigs are regarded as ideal animal models for their similarities in physiology and anatomy to humans. Generation of porcine PSCs would provide cell resources for basic research, genetic engineering, animal breeding and cultured meat. In this review, we summarize the progress on the derivation of porcine PSCs and reprogrammed cells and elucidate the mechanisms of pluripotency changes during pig embryo development. This will be beneficial for understanding the divergence and conservation between different species involved in embryo development and the pluripotent regulated signaling pathways. Finally, we also discuss the promising future applications of stable porcine PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Minglei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Suying Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional structures that are derived from the self-organization of stem cells as they differentiate in vitro. The plasticity of stem cells is one of the major criteria for generating organoids most similar to the tissue structures they intend to mimic. Stem cells are cells with unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Depending on their origin, a distinction is made between pluripotent (embryonic) stem cells (PSCs), adult (or tissue) stem cells (ASCs), and those obtained by somatic reprogramming, so-called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). While most data since the 1980s have been acquired in the mouse model, and then from the late 1990s in humans, the process of somatic reprogammation has revolutionized the field of stem cell research. For domestic animals, numerous attempts have been made to obtain PSCs and iPSCs, an approach that makes it possible to omit the use of embryos to derive the cells. Even if the plasticity of the cells obtained is not always optimal, the recent progress in obtaining reprogrammed cells is encouraging. Along with PSCs and iPSCs, many organoid derivations in animal species are currently obtained from ASCs. In this study, we present state-of-the-art stem cell research according to their origins in the various animal models developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Pain
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, U1208, CSC USC1361, Bron, France.
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Kumar D, Talluri TR, Selokar NL, Hyder I, Kues WA. Perspectives of pluripotent stem cells in livestock. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1-29. [PMID: 33584977 PMCID: PMC7859985 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent progress in derivation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) from farm animals opens new approaches not only for reproduction, genetic engineering, treatment and conservation of these species, but also for screening novel drugs for their efficacy and toxicity, and modelling of human diseases. Initial attempts to derive PSCs from the inner cell mass of blastocyst stages in farm animals were largely unsuccessful as either the cells survived for only a few passages, or lost their cellular potency; indicating that the protocols which allowed the derivation of murine or human embryonic stem (ES) cells were not sufficient to support the maintenance of ES cells from farm animals. This scenario changed by the innovation of induced pluripotency and by the development of the 3 inhibitor culture conditions to support naïve pluripotency in ES cells from livestock species. However, the long-term culture of livestock PSCs while maintaining the full pluripotency is still challenging, and requires further refinements. Here, we review the current achievements in the derivation of PSCs from farm animals, and discuss the potential application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India.
| | - Thirumala R Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner 334001, India
| | - Naresh L Selokar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Iqbal Hyder
- Department of Physiology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram 521102, India
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Department of Biotechnology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Institute of Animal Health, Neustadt 31535, Germany
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Navarro M, Soto DA, Pinzon CA, Wu J, Ross PJ. Livestock pluripotency is finally captured in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:11-39. [PMID: 32188555 DOI: 10.1071/rd19272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have demonstrated great utility in improving our understanding of mammalian development and continue to revolutionise regenerative medicine. Thanks to the improved understanding of pluripotency in mice and humans, it has recently become feasible to generate stable livestock PSCs. Although it is unlikely that livestock PSCs will be used for similar applications as their murine and human counterparts, new exciting applications that could greatly advance animal agriculture are being developed, including the use of PSCs for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation and invitro breeding schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Navarro
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Delia A Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carlos A Pinzon
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, 450 Bioletti Way, Davis, CA 95616, USA; and Corresponding author.
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Naddafpour A, Ghazvini Zadegan F, Hajian M, Hosseini SM, Jafarpour F, Rahimi M, Habibi R, Nasr Esfahani MH. Effects of abundances of OCT-4 mRNA transcript on goat pre-implantation embryonic development. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 215:106286. [PMID: 32216939 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Unlike in mice, the function of pluripotent markers in early embryonic development of domestic animals remains to be elucidated and this may account for the failure to establish embryonic stem cell lines for these species. To study the functions of the OCT-4 protein which has important actions in maintenance of pluripotent and self-renewal processes during early embryonic development, there was induced reduction in relative abundance of OCT-4 mRNA transcript during goat early embryonic development by using RNA interference techniques. The injection of OCT-4 siRNA into goat IVF presumptive zygotes resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of OCT-4 mRNA transcript; however, there was development of these embryos to the blastocyst stage at the same rate as there was in the control group. The blastocysts from the treated groups had a similar number of TE, ICM, and total cells compared to those from the control group. Although there was a greater relative abundance of NANOG, REX1, and CDX2 mRNA transcript in the embryos injected with siRNA at the 8-16 cell stage, the relative transcript abundances were similar for the control and treatment groups at the blastocyst stage. The relative abundance of SOX2 mRNA transcript was similar for the treatment and control group. It, therefore, is concluded that inhibition of abundances of OCT-4 mRNA transcript to about 20 % of that of the untreated control group did not affect blastocyst formation rate in goats. The functions of OCT-4 in maintaining ICM and TE integrity, however, remains to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Naddafpour
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghazvini Zadegan
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayyed Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rahimi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Razieh Habibi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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Abstract
Early embryogenesis is characterized by the segregation of cell lineages that fulfill critical roles in the establishment of pregnancy and development of the fetus. The formation of the blastocyst marks the emergence of extraembryonic precursors, needed for implantation, and of pluripotent cells, which differentiate toward the major lineages of the adult organism. The coordinated emergence of these cell types shows that these processes are broadly conserved in mammals. However, developmental heterochrony and changes in gene regulatory networks highlight unique evolutionary adaptations that may explain the diversity in placentation and in the mechanisms controlling pluripotency in mammals. The incorporation of new technologies, including single-cell omics, imaging, and gene editing, is instrumental for comparative embryology. Broadening the knowledge of mammalian embryology will provide new insights into the mechanisms driving evolution and development. This knowledge can be readily translated into biomedical and biotechnological applications in humans and livestock, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom;
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HosseinNia P, Hajian M, Jafarpour F, Hosseini SM, Tahmoorespur M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Dynamics of The Expression of Pluripotency and Lineage Specific Genes in The Pre and Peri-Implantation Goat Embryo. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:194-203. [PMID: 30825293 PMCID: PMC6397601 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Two critical points of early development are the first and second lineage segregations, which are regulated by a wide spectrum of molecular and cellular factors. Gene regulatory networks, are one of the important components which handle inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) fates and the pluripotency status across different mammalian species. Considering the importance of goats in agriculture and biotechnology, this study set out to investigate the dynamics of expression of the core pluripotency markers at the mRNA and protein levels. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, the expression pattern of three pluripotency markers (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2) and the linage specific markers (Rex1, Gata4 and Cdx2) were quantitatively assessed in in vitro matured (MII) oocytes and embryos at three distinctive stages: 8-16 cell stage, day-7 (D7) blastocysts and D14 blastocysts. Moreover, expression of Nanog, Oct4, Sox2 proteins, and their localization in the goat blastocyst was observed through immunocytochemistry. Results Relative levels of mRNA transcripts for Nanog and Sox2 in D3 (8-16 cell) embryos were significantly higher than D7 blastocysts and mature oocytes, while Oct4 was only significantly higher than D7 blastocysts. However, the expression pattern of Rex1, as an epiblast linage marker, decreased from the oocyte to the D14 stage. The expression pattern of Gata4 and Cdx2, as extra embryonic linage markers, also showed a similar trend from oocyte to D3 while their expressions were up-regulated in D14 blastocysts. Conclusion Reduction in Nanog, Oct4, Sox2 mRNA transcription and a late increase in extra embryonic linage markers suggests that the developmental program of linage differentiation is retarded in goat embryos compared to previously reported data on mice and humans. This is likely related to late the implantation in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria HosseinNia
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Research and Development, ROJETechnologies, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Tahmoorespur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran. electronic Address:
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Functional characterization of NANOG in goat pre-implantation embryonic development. Theriogenology 2018; 120:33-39. [PMID: 30092372 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanog as a novel pluripotent cell-specific gene plays important roles in regulation of signaling pathways for maintenance and induction of pluripotency in inner cell mass (ICM) and embryonic stem cells (ESC) in mouse. The molecular features and transcription regulation of NANOG gene in domestic animals are not well defined. In this study, we performed knockdown of NANOG mRNA in goat embryos and examined its effect on early embryonic development. Presumptive zygotes were injected with a volume of 8-10 pl NANOG or scrambled (SCR) siRNA, and subsequently cleavage and blastocyst formation rate were assessed. Furthermore, gene expression analysis was carried out in 6-8 cell and blastocyst derived embryos from non-injected controls, SCR - and siRNA-injected presumptive zygotes. Cleavage and blastocyst rates in siRNA groups were insignificantly lower than the control and SCR groups. Embryos with reduced expression of NANOG showed decrease in number of trophectoderm (TE) and total cells in blastocysts. Analysis of expression of developmentally important genes (SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG), which work as a network, showed that NANOG knockdown results in significant increase in expression of SOX2 and OCT4 and among the possible target genes (CDX2, REX1 and GATA4) of this network, only GATA4 showed increased expression. Our results suggest that NANOG is likely to be required for proliferation of trophoblastic cells.
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13
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Ramos-Ibeas P, Nichols J, Alberio R. States and Origins of Mammalian Embryonic Pluripotency In Vivo and in a Dish. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 128:151-179. [PMID: 29477162 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC), derived from preimplantation embryos in 1981, defined mammalian pluripotency for many decades. However, after the derivation of human ESC in 1998, comparative studies showed that different types of pluripotency exist in early embryos and that these can be captured in vitro under various culture conditions. Over the past decade much has been learned about the key signaling pathways, growth factor requirements, and transcription factor profiles of pluripotent cells in embryos, allowing improvement of derivation and culture conditions for novel pluripotent stem cell types. More recently, studies using single-cell transcriptomics of embryos from different species provided an unprecedented level of resolution of cellular interactions and cell fate decisions that are informing new ways to understand the emergence of pluripotency in different organisms. These new approaches enhance knowledge of species differences during early embryogenesis and will be instrumental for improving methodologies for generating intra- and interspecies chimeric animals using pluripotent stem cells. Here, we discuss the recent developments in our understanding of early embryogenesis in different mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Nichols
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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Reed SA, Govoni KE. How mom's diet affects offspring growth and health through modified stem cell function. Anim Front 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/af.2017-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Reed
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4040
| | - Kristen E. Govoni
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4040
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15
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Polejaeva IA, Rutigliano HM, Wells KD. Livestock in biomedical research: history, current status and future prospective. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 28:112-24. [PMID: 27062879 DOI: 10.1071/rd15343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock models have contributed significantly to biomedical and surgical advances. Their contribution is particularly prominent in the areas of physiology and assisted reproductive technologies, including understanding developmental processes and disorders, from ancient to modern times. Over the past 25 years, biomedical research that traditionally embraced a diverse species approach shifted to a small number of model species (e.g. mice and rats). The initial reasons for focusing the main efforts on the mouse were the availability of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and genome sequence data. This powerful combination allowed for precise manipulation of the mouse genome (knockouts, knockins, transcriptional switches etc.) leading to ground-breaking discoveries on gene functions and regulation, and their role in health and disease. Despite the enormous contribution to biomedical research, mouse models have some major limitations. Their substantial differences compared with humans in body and organ size, lifespan and inbreeding result in pronounced metabolic, physiological and behavioural differences. Comparative studies of strategically chosen domestic species can complement mouse research and yield more rigorous findings. Because genome sequence and gene manipulation tools are now available for farm animals (cattle, pigs, sheep and goats), a larger number of livestock genetically engineered (GE) models will be accessible for biomedical research. This paper discusses the use of cattle, goats, sheep and pigs in biomedical research, provides an overview of transgenic technology in farm animals and highlights some of the beneficial characteristics of large animal models of human disease compared with the mouse. In addition, status and origin of current regulation of GE biomedical models is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Polejaeva
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Heloisa M Rutigliano
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Kevin D Wells
- Division of Animal Sciences, Animal Sciences Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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16
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Wei Q, Xi Q, Liu X, Meng K, Zhao X, Ma B. Characterization of goat inner cell mass derived cells in double kinase inhibition condition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:325-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Guo Y, Yu T, Lei L, Duan A, Ma X, Wang H. Conversion of Goat Fibroblasts into Lineage-Specific Cells Using a Direct Reprogramming Strategy. Anim Sci J 2016; 88:745-754. [PMID: 27629151 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct reprogramming is an efficient strategy to convert one cell type to another. In this study, due to the failure of maintaining the undifferentiated state of goat embryotic stem- and induced pluripotent stem-like cells in vitro, we explored an alternative way to directly convert goat fibroblasts to lineage-specific cells. The 'Yamanaka factors' was ectopically expressed in fibroblasts for a short term to situate cells in a metastable state. By culturing with lineage-specific media for 1-2 weeks, the cardiomyocyte-like cells and neurocyte-like cells were generated and confirmed by the quantitative RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining. The metastable-state cells could also be converted into oocyte-like cells (OLCs) after culturing in media with retinoic acid (RA) and bovine follicular fluid (bFF) for 2-3 weeks. The generated OLCs were surrounded by cumulus granulosa cell-like cells and formed a structure resembling goat cumulus-oocyte complex from ovaries. This primary follicular structure could be developed further in oocyte mature medium and expressed germ cell-specific markers. In addition, we found that the induction efficiency was higher and OLC cell size was bigger in bFF than in RA treatment. Altogether, the direct reprogramming of goat fibroblasts into lineage-specific cells can facilitate stem cell research in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Guo
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China.,Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Anqin Duan
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology; Shaanxi Centre for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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HosseinNia P, Hajian M, Tahmoorespur M, Hosseini SM, Ostadhosseini S, Nasiri MR, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Expression Profile of Developmentally Important Genes in preand peri-Implantation Goat Embryos Produced In Vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2016; 10:310-319. [PMID: 27695614 PMCID: PMC5023042 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2016.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Little is understood about the regulation of gene expression during early
goat embryo development. This study investigated the expression profile of 19 genes,
known to be critical for early embryo development in mouse and human, at five different
stages of goat in vitro embryo development (oocyte, 8-16 cell, morula, day-7 blastocyst,
and day 14 blastocyst). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, stage-specific profiling using real
time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed robust and dynamic
patterns of stage-specific gene activity that fall into four major clusters depending on
their respective mRNA profiles. Results: The gradual pattern of reduction in the maternally stored transcripts without renewal thereafter (cluster-1: Lifr1, Bmpr1, Alk4, Id3, Ctnnb, Akt, Oct4, Rex1, Erk1, Smad1
and 5) implies that their protein products are essential during early cleavages when the
goat embryo is silent and reliant to the maternal legacy of mRNA. The potential importance of transcription augment at day-3 (cluster-2: Fzd, c-Myc, Cdc25a, Sox2) or day-
14 (cluster-3: Fgfr4, Nanog) suggests that they are nascent embryonic mRNAs which
intimately involved in the overriding of MET or regulation of blastocyst formation, respectively. The observation of two expression peaks at both day-3 and day-14 (cluster-4:
Gata4, Cdx2) would imply their potential importance during these two critical stages of
preand periimplantation development. Conclusion: Evolutionary comparison revealed that the selected subset of genes has been
rewired in goat and human/goat similarity is greater than the mouse/goat or bovine/goat
similarities. The developed profiles provide a resource for comprehensive understanding
of goat preimplantation development and pluripotent stem cell engineering as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria HosseinNia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Tahmoorespur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sayyed Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Ostadhosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nasiri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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19
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Tai D, Liu P, Gao J, Jin M, Xu T, Zuo Y, Liang H, Liu D. Generation of Arbas Cashmere Goat Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Through Fibroblast Reprogramming. Cell Reprogram 2016; 17:297-305. [PMID: 26731591 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2014.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various factors affect the process of obtaining stable Arbas cashmere goat embryonic stem cells (ESCs), for example, the difficulty in isolating cells at the appropriate stage of embryonic development, the in vitro culture environment, and passage methods. With the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, it has become possible to use specific genes to induce somatic cell differentiation in PSCs. We transferred OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, and KLF4 into Arbas cashmere goat fetal fibroblasts, then induced and cultured them using a drug-inducible system to obtain Arbas goat iPSCs that morphologically resembled mouse iPSCs. After identification, the obtained goat iPSCs expressed ESC markers, had a normal karyotype, could differentiate into embryoid bodies in vitro, and could differentiate into three germ layer cell types and form teratomas in vivo. We used microarray gene expression profile analysis to elucidate the reprogramming process. Our results provide the experimental basis for establishing cashmere goat iPSC lines and for future in-depth studies on molecular mechanism of cashmere goat somatic cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Tai
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China .,2 These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Pengxia Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China .,2 These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jing Gao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Muzi Jin
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Teng Xu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yongchun Zuo
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hao Liang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University , Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010021, China
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20
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HosseinNia P, Tahmoorespur M, Hosseini SM, Hajian M, Ostadhosseini S, Nasiri MR, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Stage-Specific Profiling of Transforming Growth Factor-β, Fibroblast Growth Factor and Wingless-int Signaling Pathways during Early Embryo Development in The Goat. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 17:648-58. [PMID: 26862524 PMCID: PMC4746415 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective This research intends to unravel the temporal expression profiles of genes in-
volved in three developmentally important signaling pathways [transforming growth factor-β
(TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and wingless/int (WNT)] during preand peri-implan-
tation goat embryo development.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we examined the transcripts that
encoded the ligand, receptor, intracellular signal transducer and modifier, and the down-
stream effector, for each signaling pathway. In vitro mature MII oocytes and embryos at
three distinctive stages [8-16 cell stage, day-7 (D7) blastocysts and day-14 (D14) blas-
tocysts] were separately prepared in triplicate for comparative real-time reverse tran-
scriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the selected gene sets.
Results Most components of the three signaling pathways were present at more or less
stable levels throughout the assessed oocyte and embryo developmental stages. The
transcripts for TGF-β, FGF and WNT signaling pathways were all induced in unfertilized
MII-oocytes. However, developing embryos showed gradual patterns of decrease in the
activities of TGF-β, FGF and WNT components with renewal thereafter.
Conclusion The results suggested that TGF-β, FGF and WNT are maternally active
signaling pathways required during earlier, rather than later, stages of preand peri-
implantation goat embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria HosseinNia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Tahmoorespur
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sayyed Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ostadhosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nasiri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
This review deals with the latest advances in the study of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from domesticated species, with a focus on pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, cats, and dogs. Whereas the derivation of fully pluripotent ESC from these species has proved slow, reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSC has been more straightforward. However, most of these iPSC depend on the continued expression of the introduced transgenes, a major drawback to their utility. The persistent failure in generating ESC and the dependency of iPSC on ectopic genes probably stem from an inability to maintain the stability of the endogenous gene networks necessary to maintain pluripotency. Based on work in humans and rodents, achievement of full pluripotency will likely require fine adjustments in the growth factors and signaling inhibitors provided to the cells. Finally, we discuss the future utility of these cells for biomedical and agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - Ye Yuan
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
| | - R Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; , ,
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22
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Saito S, Lin YC, Murayama Y, Nakamura Y, Eckner R, Niemann H, Yokoyama KK. Retracted article: In vitro derivation of mammalian germ cells from stem cells and their potential therapeutic application. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4545-60. [PMID: 26439925 PMCID: PMC4628088 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a unique type of cells because they
exhibit the characteristics of self-renewal and pluripotency. PSCs may be induced to
differentiate into any cell type, even male and female germ cells, suggesting their
potential as novel cell-based therapeutic treatment for infertility problems.
Spermatogenesis is an intricate biological process that starts from self-renewal of
spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and leads to differentiated haploid spermatozoa.
Errors at any stage in spermatogenesis may result in male infertility. During the
past decade, much progress has been made in the derivation of male germ cells from
various types of progenitor stem cells. Currently, there are two main approaches for
the derivation of functional germ cells from PSCs, either the induction of in vitro
differentiation to produce haploid cell products, or combination of in vitro
differentiation and in vivo transplantation. The production of mature and fertile
spermatozoa from stem cells might provide an unlimited source of autologous gametes
for treatment of male infertility. Here, we discuss the current state of the art
regarding the differentiation potential of SSCs, embryonic stem cells, and induced
pluripotent stem cells to produce functional male germ cells. We also discuss the
possible use of livestock-derived PSCs as a novel option for animal reproduction and
infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Saito
- Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology, Yaita, Tochigi, 329-1571, Japan. .,SPK Co., Ltd., Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, 965-0025, Japan. .,College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8642, Japan.
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University, 100 Shin-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yoshinobu Murayama
- College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8642, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, 3050074, Japan
| | - Richard Eckner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Heiner Niemann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Löffler-Institut, Mariensee, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Center of Stem Cell Research, Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd, San Ming District, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. .,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, 763-2193, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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23
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Mohamad-Fauzi N, Ross PJ, Maga EA, Murray JD. Impact of source tissue and ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:1. [PMID: 25838897 PMCID: PMC4382838 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable interest in using goats as models for genetically engineering dairy animals and also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated and characterized from various species, but are poorly characterized in goats. RESULTS Goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) have the ability to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cytochemical staining and gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for adipogenic differentiation compared to BM-MSCs and fibroblasts. Different methods of inducing adipogenesis also affect the extent and profile of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs. Goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence distinguishing them from the MSCs. Goat MSCs and fibroblasts express CD90, CD105, CD73 but not CD45, and exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. Goat MSCs can be stably transfected by Nucleofection, but, as evidenced by colony-forming efficiency (CFE), yield significantly different levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following G418 selection. BM-MSCs expanded over increasing passages in vitro maintained karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited an increase in adipogenic differentiation and CFE, but showed altered morphology and amenability to genetic modification by selection. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide characterization information on goat MSCs, and show that there can be significant differences between MSCs isolated from different tissues and from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts do not exhibit trilineage differentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method for distinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared to cell surface marker expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA ; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - Elizabeth A Maga
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - James D Murray
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA ; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
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24
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Duggal G, Heindryckx B, Deroo T, De Sutter P. Use of pluripotent stem cells for reproductive medicine: are we there yet? Vet Q 2014; 34:42-51. [DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.891061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Guo Y, Lei L, Ma X, Wang H. Characterization of the proximal region of the goat NANOG promoter that is used for monitoring cell reprogramming and early embryo development. Vet J 2014; 199:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Androgen receptor-mediated apoptosis in bovine testicular induced pluripotent stem cells in response to phthalate esters. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e907. [PMID: 24201806 PMCID: PMC3847308 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) has a critical role in promoting androgen-dependent and -independent apoptosis in testicular cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ligand-independent apoptosis, including the activity of AR in testicular stem cells, are not completely understood. In the present study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from bovine testicular cells by electroporation of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4). The cells were supplemented with leukemia inhibitory factor and bone morphogenetic protein 4, which maintained and stabilized the expression of stemness genes and pluripotency. The iPSCs were used to assess the apoptosis activity following exposure to phthalate esters, including di (2-ethyhexyl) phthalates, di (n-butyl) phthalate, and butyl benzyl phthalate. Phthalate esters significantly reduced the expression of AR in iPSCs and induced a higher ratio of BAX/BCL-2, thereby favoring apoptosis. Phthalate esters also increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21Cip1) in a p53-dependent manner and enhanced the transcriptional activity of p53. The forced expression of AR and knockdown of p21Cip1 led to the rescue of the phthalate-mediated apoptosis. Overall, this study suggests that testicular iPSCs are a useful system for screening the toxicity of environmental disruptors and examining their effect on the maintenance of stemness and pluripotency, as well as for identifying the iPSC signaling pathway(s) that are deregulated by these chemicals.
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27
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Polejaeva I, Mitalipov S. Stem cell potency and the ability to contribute to chimeric organisms. Reproduction 2013; 145:R81-8. [PMID: 23221011 DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mouse embryonic chimeras are a well-established tool for studying cell lineage commitment and pluripotency. Experimental chimeras were successfully produced by combining two or more preimplantation embryos or by introducing into host embryo cultured pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Chimera production using genetically modified ESCs became the method of choice for the generation of knockout or knockin mice. Although the derivation of ESCs or ESC-like cells has been reported for other species, only mouse and rat pluripotent stem cells have been shown to contribute to germline-competent chimeras, which is the defining feature of ESCs. Herein, we describe different approaches employed for the generation of embryonic chimeras, define chimera-competent cell types, and describe cases of spontaneous chimerism in humans. We also review the current state of derivation of pluripotent stem cells in several species and discuss outcomes of various chimera studies when such cells are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Polejaeva
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84321, USA
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28
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Alberio R, Perez AR. Recent advances in stem and germ cell research: implications for the derivation of pig pluripotent cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 4:98-106. [PMID: 22827357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells have the unique capacity to contribute to all the tissues of an adult animal after transfer into a host embryo. How pluripotency is acquired during early development and how it is maintained in stem cells have attracted the interest of many scientists for over three decades. Much progress in our understanding of how stem cells arise in culture and the signals required for homoeostasis has enabled the derivation of pluripotent cells in multiple species. Here, we discuss recent developments in stem cell biology that will impact the generation of pluripotent cells from different embryonic origins and will contribute to increase our capacity for generating transgenic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alberio
- Division of Animal Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK.
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29
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Behboodi E, Lam L, Gavin WG, Bondareva A, Dobrinski I. Goat embryonic stem-like cell derivation and characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1074:51-67. [PMID: 23975805 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-628-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the inner cell masses of preimplantation embryos. ES cells are pluripotent cells with the capacity for long-term propagation and broad differentiation plasticity. These cells have an exceptional functional feature in that they can differentiate into all tissues and organs, including germ cells. Established ES cell lines have been generated in mouse, human, and nonhuman primate but derivation of ES cells in farm animals has been problematic. Several ES-like cell lines from farm animals have been reported to exhibit properties of pluripotency in vitro. However, only a few of them morphologically resemble ES cells, or express markers that are associated with established ES cell lines from mouse and humans. Methods for derivation, propagation, and differentiation of ES cells from domestic animals have not been fully established. In this chapter, we describe methods for isolation of goat ES (gES) cell lines from in vivo-derived blastocysts and characterization of markers indicative of pluripotency. In addition, we outline differentiation of gES cells into all three germ layers in vivo by forming teratomas as a hallmark of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Behboodi
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Nestle E, Graves-Herring J, Keefer C, Comizzoli P. Source of Protein Supplementation duringIn VitroCulture does not Affect the Quality of Resulting Blastocysts in the Domestic Cat. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 6:152-5. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Nestle
- Animal and Avian Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park; MD; USA
| | - J Graves-Herring
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; National Zoological Park; Washington; DC; USA
| | - C Keefer
- Animal and Avian Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park; MD; USA
| | - P Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; National Zoological Park; Washington; DC; USA
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Jin M, Wu A, Dorzhin S, Yue Q, Ma Y, Liu D. Culture conditions for bovine embryonic stem cell-like cells isolated from blastocysts after external fertilization. Cytotechnology 2012; 64:379-89. [PMID: 22438181 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-011-9408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although isolation and characterization of embryonic stem cells have been successful in cattle, maintenance of bovine embryonic stem cells in culture remains difficult. In this study, we compared different methods of cell passaging, feeder cell layers and medium conditions for bovine embryonic stem cell-like cells. We found that a murine embryonic fibroblast feeder layer is more suitable for embryonic stem cell-like cells than bovine embryonic fibroblasts. When murine embryonic fibroblasts were used, a mechanical method of passaging led to better cell growth than passaging by trypsin digestion. We also found that exogenous supplementation with leukemia inhibitory factor maintained the embryonic stem cell-like cells in an undifferentiated state, whereas addition of stem cell factor resulted in their differentiation. Our findings provide an experimental basis for the establishment of an effective culture system for bovine embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia, 010021, Hohhot, China
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